英语北师大版选修6导学笔记Unit16PeriodThree

PeriodThreeLesson3LifeStoriesⅠ.重点单词1．superbadj.出色的，卓越的2．severeadj.严重的；严厉的3．restrictionn．限制，约束restrictvt.限制；约束4．unbearableadj.不能忍受的bearableadj.可以忍受的bearvt.承担；忍受；n.熊5．formeradj.以前的6．troublesomeadj.引起麻烦的7．eageradj.渴望的，热衷的8．gradualadj.逐渐的graduallyadv.逐渐地9．expandv．扩大，扩充10．plexadj.复杂的11．apparentadj.明显的，显而易见的apparentlyadv.显然地12．warmthn．温暖warmadj.暖和的13．breakthroughn．突破，重大发现14．uncertainadj.不确定的certainadj.确定的Ⅱ.重点短语1．inmon共有，共同2．bringin介绍；引进；挣得3．openup打开；开放4．nowthat既然，由于Ⅲ.重点句式1．nowthat引导原因状语从句NowthatHelenunderstoodthekeytolanguage，shewasveryeagertolearnmoreanduseitasmuchasshecould.既然海伦理解了语言之谜，她非常渴望学习更多的词语并且尽可能多地使用它们。2．unless引导条件状语从句HerwordspuzzledmeverymuchbecauseIdidnotthenunderstandanythingunlessItouchedit.她的话使我感到非常困惑，因为那时我若不用手触摸就什么都不理解。3．it作形式宾语Ithoughtitstrangethatmyteachercouldnotshowmelove.我感到奇怪，为什么老师不能告诉我什么是爱。4．状语从句的省略Theword“think”wasalsoadifficultoneforHelenbutshehadabreakthroughwhileworkingonasimpletask.“思考”这个单词对海伦来说也是一个很难学的词，但是在做一件简单的事情时，她取得了突破性进展。5．It＋is/wasthefirst/second...time(that)．..ItwasthefirsttimeHelenhadunderstood(understand)suchaplexword—awordforsomethingshecouldn’ttouch.这是海伦第一次明白这么复杂的单词——一个表示一种她触摸不到的东西的单词。Ⅰ.课文判断正(T)误(F)1．Theword“love”wasaplexwordforHelen.(T)2．Helendidn’tfinditdifficulttounderstandtheword“love”．(F)3．Theunderstandingof“think”helpedherunderstand“love”．(T)4．Helengottoknowthemeaningof“love”throughtouching.(F)5．Anne’sfirstgoalwastoteachHelentolearnlanguage.(F)Ⅱ.课文阅读理解1．AnneSullivancouldunderstandHelenwellbecauseshe.A．wasadoctorB．hadhadeyesightproblemsearlyinherlifeC．wasalmostthesameageasHelen答案B2．Whenshelearnedtheword“”，shebegantounderstandherteacherwastellingherthemeaningoftheobject.A．waterB．loveC．doll答案A3．Ofthefollowingwords，whichisthemostdifficultforHelentolearn?A．Love.B．Water.C．Think.答案A4．When，Helenlearnedthemeaningof“think”．A．makingnecklacesB．makingadollC．playinginthepark答案A5．Thewords“love”and“think”are.A．objectiveB．abstractC．material答案BⅢ.课文难句分析HerwordspuzzledmeverymuchbecauseIdidnotthenunderstandanythingunlessItouchedit.[句式分析]这是一个复合句，其中because引导一个原因状语从句；在这个从句中unless又引导一个条件状语从句。[自主翻译]她的话使我感到非常困惑，因为那时我若不用手触摸就什么都不理解。重点词汇1．Withthesesevererestrictionsonhermunication，Helen’sbehaviourwasoftenunbearable.因为有这些交流上的严重的限制，海伦的有些行为经常让人难以忍受。(1)severeadj.严重的；严厉的；剧烈的besevereon/withsb.对某人严厉bestrictwithsb.对某人严格bestrictinsth.对某事严格(2)severelyadv.非常严重地(1)Thepartysufferedseverelossesduringthelastelection.该党在上次选举中遭到惨败。(2)Thecourtsarebeingmoresevereon/withyoungoffenders.法庭对少年犯的处罚趋于严厉。(3)Ourteacherisstrictinherworkandisstrictwithus.我们的老师对工作要求严格，对我们也很严格。[单句改错](4)Anyonebreakingthelawwillbeeq\f(severe,severely)punished.(1)restrictionn．限制，约束make/placerestrictionson限制……speedrestrictions速度限制(2)restrictvt.限制，限定；约束restrictone’sfreedom限制某人的自由restrict...to...把……限制在……(to是介词，后跟名词或动名词)restrictoneselftosth./todoingsth.限制自己(做)某事(5)Thegovernmentplaced/maderestrictionsonthenumberofforeigncarsthatcouldbeimported.政府限制进口车的数量。(6)Theseclothesrestrictyourfreedomofmovement.这些衣服使你行动不便。(7)Irestrictmyselftoonecupofcoffeeaday.我限制自己每天只喝一杯咖啡。2．NowthatHelenunderstoodthekeytolanguage，shewasveryeagertolearnmoreanduseitasmuchasshecould.既然海伦理解了语言之谜，她非常渴望学习更多的词语并且尽可能多地使用它们。(1)eageradj.渴望的，热衷的；热心的，热切的；急切的beeagertodosth.渴望做某事beeagerforsth.渴望(得到)某物(2)eagerlyadv.渴望地；急切地(1)Hisclasseswerecrowdedwitheagerstudents.他的课上挤满了求知若渴的学生。(2)WhenIwasintrouble，Iwaseagerforyourhelp.当我处于困境时，我很渴望得到你的帮助。(3)WhenIwalkedoutofthehall，Isawthefanswaitingthereeagerly(eager)．我走出大厅时，看到粉丝们正在急切地等待着。[联想归纳]表示“急切盼望(做)……”的短语还有：(1)longforsth.(2)bedying/anxiousfor/todosth.(3)behungry/thirstyforsth.(4)bekeenon/todosth.[易混辨析]eager，anxious※eager渴望的，急切的，强调“热切地期待获得成功或办成某事”的心情。※anxious渴望的，焦急的，强调的是“担心或焦急”的心情。[选词填空]eager，anxious(4)Sheiseagertogotocollege，butanxiousabouttheCollegeEntranceExamination.3．AsHelen’sknowledgeandvocabularyexpanded，sheaskedmoreandmorequestions.随着知识面的扩大和词汇量的增加，海伦问的问题越来越多。expandv．扩大，扩充；膨胀，扩张；详述expandinto...扩大成……expandon/upon详述[助学图解](1)Themiddleclassisexpanding.中间阶级(的数量)在扩大。(2)Hismodestbusinesseventuallyexpandedintoasupermarketempire.他原先不大的生意后来扩展成了大型超市。(3)Helaterexpandedon/uponhisstatement.他后来详细陈述了他的声明。[易混辨析]expand，extend，spread※expand(使)(尺寸、数字或数量等)扩大；扩大(活动范围)。※extend延伸，延长(建筑或道路、时间等)；伸展(手臂、腿等)；扩大(控制、影响力等)。※spread把(物)铺开、张开；(疾病、感情、问题或火等)蔓延；(消息、思想等)流传，传播；张开(手臂、双腿等)。[选词填空]expand，extend，spread(4)Theyextendedtheroadforthreemoremileslastyear.(5)Therumorwaswidelyspreadamongthecrowd.(6)Theteacheraskedthestudentstoexpandasentenceintoastory.经典句式1．NowthatHelenunderstoodthekeytolanguage，shewasveryeagertolearnmoreanduseitasmuchasshecould.既然海伦理解了语言之谜，她非常渴望学习更多的词语并且尽可能多地使用它们。nowthat既然，由于，是连词词组，引导原因状语从句。在语义上相当于since，表示明显的原因或既成的事实。that在口语中可以省略。(1)Nowthatinformationisbeingspreadandmonitoredindifferentways，researchersarediscoveringnewrules.既然信息正在以不同的方式被扩散和监控，研究者们正在发现新的规则。(2)Nowthat/Sinceyouhavefinishedyourwork，you’dbetterhavearest.既然你已经完成工作了，你最好休息一下。[易混辨析]because，since，for，nowthat※because回答why问句，表示直接原因，语气最强。※since语气较弱，强调已知的事实。※for语气最弱，用来补充说明理由或提供一种解释。※nowthat既然，与since同义，但更突出事实本身，口语中that常可省略。[选词填空]because，since，for，nowthat(3)Since/Nowthatyoucan’tgo，I’llaskLaoLiinstead.(4)Thegirldidn’tgotoschoolbecauseshewasbadlyill.(5)Hemusthavehadsomebadnews，forheissoquiet.2．Ithoughtitstrangethatmyteachercouldnotshowmelove.我感到奇怪，为什么老师不能告诉我什么是爱。(1)本句中it为形式宾语，strange为形容词作宾语补足语，that从句为真正的宾语。(2)当think，make，find，feel，consider等动词后面是不定式或从句作宾语，并且宾语带有补语时，通常用it作形式宾语，而把真正的宾语置于宾补后，构成句式：主语＋谓语＋it＋宾语补足语＋真正的宾语。(1)Ifindithardtodothejobwell.我发现做好这项工作很难。(2)Youcanrelyonitthathewilleontime.你可以相信他会准时来的。(3)Nomatterwhereheis，hemakesitaruletogoforawalkbeforebreakfast.无论他在哪里，他都把早餐之前去散步作为惯例。[句型转换](4)Wethinkitisnecessarythatwegohome.(改为简单句)→Wethinkitnecessarytogohome.3．Theword“think”wasalsoadifficultoneforHelenbutshehadabreakthroughwhileworkingonasimpletask.“思考”这个单词对海伦来说也是一个很难学的词，但是在做一件简单的事情时，她取得了突破性进展。句中的whileworkingonasimpletask为状语从句whileshewasworkingonasimpletask的省略形式。时间、条件、让步、方式等状语从句的省略有两种情况：(1)从句的主语和主句的主语一致，且从句谓语中含有be动词，可以省略从句中的主语和be动词。(2)从句的主语是it，且从句谓语中含有be动词，那么从句中的it可以和be动词一起省略。(1)Iwon’tgotoattendhispartyunless(Iam)invited.除非被邀请，否则我不会去参加他的派对。(2)If(itis)necessary，don’thesitatetogivemeacall.如果有必要，请立刻给我打。(3)When(itis)convenient，I’llgotoseemyteacherlivinginthecountryside.方便时，我会去看望住在农村的老师。[单句改错](4)ThemanpickedupalittleFrenchwhileeq\o(\s\up7(∧),\s\do5(he))或was\[KG*2]livinginFrance.4．ItwasthefirsttimeHelenhadunderstoodsuchaplexword—awordforsomethingshecouldn’ttouch.这是海伦第一次明白这么复杂的单词——一个表示一种她触摸不到的东西的单词。(1)在“Itis/wasthefirst/second...time(that)．..”结构中，主语除it外，还可用this，that等，从句中一般用完成时态。如果前面是is，从句用现在完成时；如果前面是was，从句用过去完成时。(2)It’stimeforsb.todosth.是某人做……的时候了。(3)Itis(high)time(that)．..shoulddo/did...该是……做……的时候了。(其中should不可省略)(1)ThisisthefirsttimethatIhavebeeninRussia.这是我第一次来俄罗斯。(2)Itwasthethirdtimethatshehadgone(go)abroad.这是她第三次出国了。(3)It’stimeforyoutopay(pay)attentiontoyourattitudetowardsyourwork.你该注意一下你的工作态度了。[单句改错](4)It’stimethatyouwould或eq\f(would,should)putyourheartintoyourstudy.Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Thereisasevererestriction(restrict)againstsmokinginschools.2．Iwasn’tthere，butapparently(apparent)theconcertwasamazing.3．Cinemasmaygradually(gradual)bereplacedbyTVsandputersinthenextcentury.4．Therewerealargecrowdwaitingoutsideeagertosee(see)thepopsinger.5．Nowthatyouhaveagoodchance，whycan’tyougraspit?6．Theoldbuildingwasseverely(severe)damagedintheearthquake.7．Itwasthethirdtimethatthemanhadseen(see)thegirl.8．Ifinditdifficulttoworkouttheseproblemsinfiveminutes.9．Thesandbankwasuncertain(certain)，likequicksandunderhisfeet.10．Ifasked(ask)tolookafterluggageforsomeoneelse，informthepoliceatonce.Ⅱ.完成句子11．他们还没有宣布在哪里举行会议。Theyhaven’tmadeitknownwheretheyaretoholdtheconference.12．除非你改变想法，否则我帮不了你。Unlessyouchangeyourmind，Iwon’tbeabletohelpyou.13．是我的老师帮助我克服了各种困难。Itwasmyteacherwho/thathelpedmeovereallkindsofdifficulties.14．当第一次被引入市场，这些产品就大获成功。Whenfirstintroducedtothemarket，theseproductsenjoyedgreatsuccess.15．十天后这个人回到了家，又累又饿。Tendayslater，themanreturnedhome，hungryandtired.Ⅲ.课文短文改错HelenKellerwasaveryspeciallygirlwhoneededsuperbteacher.Bythetimeshewassevenyearold，shestillcouldn’tspeak，readandwrite.AnneSullivan，ateacher，wasbroughtintotohelpHelen.HerthefirstgoalwastostopHelen’stroublesomebehaviour.Helenwouldhavetolearntounderstandwordsspellingonherhand.Thenoneday，asthewaterflowedoveronehand，Annespells“w­a­t­e­r”intotheotherhand.Helensuddenlyhadaburstofunderstand.Finally，theworldofwordswasopeninguptohim.答案HelenKellerwasaveryeq\f(specially,special)girlwhoneededeq\o(\s\up7(∧),\s\do5(a))superbteacher.Bythetimeshewasseveneq\f(year,years)old，shestillcouldn’tspeak，readeq\f(and,or)write.AnneSullivan，ateacher，wasbroughteq\f(into,in)tohelpHelen.HerthefirstgoalwastostopHelen’stroublesomebehaviour.Helenwouldhavetolearntounderstandwordseq\f(spelling,spelled)onherhand.Thenoneday，asthewaterflowedoveronehand，Anneeq\f(spells,spelled)“w­a­t­e­r”intotheotherhand.Helensuddenlyhadaburstofeq\f(understand,understanding).Finally，theworldofwordswasopeninguptoeq\f(him,her).Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2017·湖南株洲二中高二检测)Weliveinadigitalworldnow，andastudent’stechnologyneedshavechanged.Fortheearlyyears，saywhenyouareinprimaryschool，youcangetbywithnotechnologyatall.Evenifyouhaveaputer，it’sagoodideatogetchildrenfamiliarwithlibraries.Atthisage，tripstothelibraryarelikefamilyoutings.Asyougetclosertomiddleschool，aputerwithInternetaccessbeesmoreofanecessity.TeacherswilloftengiveassignmentsthatrequireastudenttousetheInternetforresearch.Afteraputer，technologychoicesforstudentsbeemoredifficulttomake—especiallywhenitestocell­phones.Kidswillbegtheirparentsforacell­phone，especiallyinmiddleschool.Formanyparents，it’sasafetyissue：Theywanttoknowthattheirkidscanreachthemquicklyifnecessary.Forteachers，cell­phonescanbeusedtorecordlessonswhenstudentsareabsent.Butmanyteachersdislikecell­phones.Somekidssendmessagesorhavetalksintheclass.Sendingmessagesalsoraisestheproblemofcheatingonexams.Moreandmoreschoolsarenowforbiddingtheuseofcell­phones.ManykidsseeiPodsasnecessarythingstohave.iPodsaregreatformusic，butdotheydoanythinggoodforyourchildren’seducation？Maybetheydo.That’stheopinionofDougJohnson，aneducatorfor30years.Johnsonsaysthateducatorsshouldacceptallnewformsoftechnologyintheclassroom，includingiPods.“Somedomorewiththeircell­phonesthanwecandowithourlaptops，”hejokes.“Idon’tthinkweshouldbeafraid.Thetruthisthatit’seasiertochangethewayweteachthantochangethetechnologyhabitsofanentiregeneration.”eq\x(语篇解读本文介绍了电子产品的发展以及对不同发展阶段的学生的影响。)1．Accordingtoauthor，primaryschoolchildrenshould.A．gotolibrariestoreadmorebooksB．asktheirparentstobuythemcell­phonesC．buyiPodstolistentomusicD．usetheputerandtheInternetregularly答案A解析细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Evenifyouhaveaputer，it’sagoodideatogetchildrenfamiliarwithlibraries.Atthisage，tripstothelibraryarelikefamilyoutings.”可知，作者认为学生在小学阶段应该多去图书馆看书。2．Whydoparentsagreetobuytheirchildrencell­phones?A．Theywanttheirchildrentobecool.B．Theythinkcell­phonesarehelpfultotheirstudy.C．Theywanttokeepintouchwiththeirchildren.D．Theywanttheirchildrentokeepuptodate.答案C解析细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Formanyparents，it’sasafetyissue：Theywanttoknowthattheirkidscanreachthemquicklyifnecessary.”可知，有些家长同意给孩子买，是因为他们想与孩子随时保持联系。3．Thefollowingareallreasonswhymanyteachersdislikecell­phonesEXCEPTthat.A．cell­phonescanbeusedtocheatonexamsB．cell­phonescanbeusedtorecordlessonsC．schoolchildrenwillsendmessagesduringclassD．schoolchildrenmighttalkonthemduringclass答案B解析细节理解题。根据第二段最后四句可知B为正确答案。4．WecaninferfromwhatDougJohnsonsaidthat.A．cell­phonesarenotusefultostudentsB．teachersshouldletstudentsusecell­phonesC．it’sbetterforteacherstochangetheirteachingmethodsD．schoolchildrenshouldfollowthetrendsoffashion答案C解析推理判断题。根据文章最后一句“Thetruthisthatit’seasiertochangethewayweteachthantochangethetechnologyhabitsofanentiregeneration.”可知，DougJohnson建议老师改变教学方法更容易些。B(2017·辽宁葫芦岛一中高二检测)Thestorieswesharewithoneanotherareimportant.Theyshowwisdomandprovideinspiration.Theyareimportanttoourdevelopment.Butsometimespeoplechoosenottotell.Considerthenegativeeffectsofnotsharingastoryinthenews：PeoplearewonderingifpublichealthofficialsareholdingbacktoomuchinformationabouttherecentoutbreakofEbola.Thereisadangerinholdingbackstoriesthatoughttobetold.BobetteBustersaiditlikethis，“Thefactis，historyhasshownusthatstoriesnottoldcanbeelikeadangerousgenie(妖怪)leftinabottle.Whentheyarefinallyuncorked，theirpowertodestroyissetfree.”Thereareanumberofreasonswhywehidepartsofourstory：theyoftenshowourweaknessesorexposeourdisadvantages；theyrequirecourageandstrengthtoshare;andofcourse，therearesomestoriesthatshouldbekeptsecret—especiallythosethatembarrasssomeoneelse.Mostofushavetwoselves：theonewedisplayontheoutsideandtheoneweactuallyareontheinside.Andthebetterwegetathidingthestoriesthatshowourtrueselves，themoredamagewemaybecausingtoourselvesandtoothers.Honestyandopennessisimportant：Itproveswearetrustworthy.Itdisplayswearehuman.Wearenotperfectorbetter.Ithighlightstheimportanceofhardworkandpersonaldevelopment.Hardworkmaynotallowustoovereourdisadvantagespletely.Butwithhardwork，wedonothavetoberestrictedtoourmistakes.Doesthismeanweadmiteveryweakness，everydisadvantage，andeverysecretregrettoeverybodywemeet？No，ofcoursenot.Thereisatimeandaplaceandacertainlevelofrelationshipnecessaryforsomestoriestobetoldinanappropriatemanner.eq\x(语篇解读本文为议论文，作者论证了人们之间彼此分享自身经历的重要性。)5．What’sthefunctionoftheexampleinParagraph2?A．ItreflectsthatpeopleareconcernedaboutthespreadofEbola.B．Itshowsthebadeffectcausedbysharingastory.C．Itprovesnotsharingastorycancausetrouble.D．Itconcludesthatoneshouldshareastoryatapropertime.答案C解析推理判断题。文章第一段告诉读者分享经历很重要；第二段介绍新闻封锁的负面影响，从反面证明不分享消息带来的麻烦，故答案为C项。6．Oneofthereasonswhypeopleareunwillingtoshareexperiencesisthat.A．story­sharinghighlightstheimportanceofhardworkB．peopleareusedtoexposingtheirweaknessesC．peoplesometimeshavenocouragetosharetheirstoriesD．somestoriesmakethemselvesfeeluneasy答案C解析细节理解题。根据第四段中“...theyoftenshowourweaknessesorexposeourdisadvantages；theyrequirecourageandstrengthtoshare...”可知人们之所以不愿意和别人分享自己的经历是因为他们缺乏勇气，故答案为C项。7．Thewriteraimstoconvinceusto.A．beopentopeopleclosetoyoubysharingsomesecretsB．sharestoriesappropriatelyforthegoodofothersandourselvesC．removethedangersthatcanbecausedbyuntoldstoriesD．realizetheimportanceofbeinghonestwhenmakingfriends答案B解析推理判断题。通读全文尤其是第五段第二句“Andthebetterwegetathidingthestoriesthatshowourtrueselves，themoredamagewemaybecausingtoourselvesandtoothers.”及文章最后一句可知作者写这篇文章的目的是说服我们为了自己和他人应适当分享自己的经历。故答案为B项。Ⅱ.七选五(2018·陕西西安一中高二检测)Tosomeonestuckinatrafficjam，theabilitytoflyrightoverothercarsseemslikeadream.8Thatmaybechanging.Nearlyadozenpaniesaroundtheglobearepetingtobethefirsttodevelopaflyingcar.Oneoftheideasbeingdevelopedisacarwithwingsthatunfoldforflight.But，mostaren’tcarsatall.Theyaremorelikehelicoptersandareoperatedbyabattery­poweredmotor.9panieshavetoconvincethegovernmentthattheflyingcarsaresafe.Theywillalsoneedlonger­lastingbatteries.And，citieswillhavetofigureouthowtohandlethousandsofflyingcarsinthesky.Still，somepaniesaremovingforward.10Especiallyascitiesgrowmorecrowdedandpeoplespendmoretimebeingstuckintraffic.Thesetaxiswoulddeliverpassengerstotherooftopsofofficebuildingsduringrushhours.“Inaslittleas10years，productscouldbeonthemarketthatrevolutionizeurbantravel