山东省青岛市2023-2024学年高一上学期1月期末英语试题（含答案解析）

青岛市2024年高一年级选科测试英语试题注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3．考试结束后，本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分;满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A．£19.15．B．£9.18．C．£9.15．答案是C。1．WhatkindoffruitdoesAdamlikebest?A．Oranges．B．Apples．C．Pears．2．WhydoesthemancallOlivia?A．Toinvitehertoaparty．B．Tocancelanappointment．C．Toaskaboutthehomework．3．Whatarethespeakersgoingtodonext?A．Haveameeting．B．WaitforMark．C．Gotothehospital．4．Whatwilltheweatherbelikethisafternoon?A．Cloudy．B．Rainy．C．Clear．5．Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A．Vehiclesincity．B．Acaraccident．C．Citytraffic．第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6．WheredidCindygrowup?A．InEngland．B．InPoland．C．InGermany．7．WhydidCindycometoBeijing?A．Forstudy．B．Forwork．C．Forsightseeing．听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8．HowoldisClarknow?A．12．B．10．C．22．9．WhywillhegotoNewZealand?A．Totakeaholiday．B．Tovisithisfamily．C．Toreceivesometraining．听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10．Whatisthebookmainlyabout?A．Areviewer．B．Anartist．C．Awriter．11．Whodrewpicturesforthebook?A．AmyGuglielmo．B．BrettHelquist．C．Cezanne．12．Howdoesthemanfeelafterreadingthebook?A．Encouraged．B．Disappointed．C．Surprised．听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13．WhatisJennifer?A．Aheadteacher．B．Astudent．C．Atourguide．14．WhatwillJenniferdofirstthissummer?A．Dosomevolunteerwork．B．Visithergrandparents．C．Takeatripabroad．15．Whatsubjectwillthemanprobablyteach?A．English．B．Science．C．Geography．16．WhenwillthemanfinishhisworkinNepal?A．OnJuly10th．B．OnJuly16th．C．OnJuly23rd．听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17．Whoneedsababysitternow?A．Thespeaker’srelative．B．Thespeaker’sneighbor．C．Thespeaker’sfriend．18．Wheredothecouplemostprobablywork?A．Atarestaurant．B．Atahospital．C．Ataschool．19．HowmuchwillEllaearndailyifshedoesthework?A．20dollars．B．40dollars．C．60dollars．20．Whatarethecouplelikeaccordingtothespeaker?A．Easy-going．B．Serious．C．Interesting．第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ADearCrystal,I’msorrytohearthatlifeisgettingyoudownrightnow...I’mnotsurethere’sanyspecificadviceIcangivetocheeryouup.It’ssometimesquiteannoyingtoberemindedhowmuchpeopleloveyouwhenyoudon’tloveyourselfthatmuch.I’vefoundthatit’sofsomehelptocompareone’smoods(情绪)abouttheworldtotheweather.Herearesomeobviousthingsabouttheweather:It’sreal.Ifit’sdarkandrainy,itreallyis.Itisn’tunderone’scontrolastowhentherainstops,butitwillstoponeday.Youcan’tchangeitbywishingitaway.Itreallyisthesamewithone’smoods．Thewrongapproachistobelievethattheyareillusions(幻想).Panic,anxietyandangerareasrealasweather.Buttheywillpass;theyreallywill.Inthesamewaythatonehastoaccepttheweather,onehastoaccepthowonefeelsaboutlife.“Today’sabadday”isaperfectapproach.“Hey-ho,it’sraininginside;itisn’tmymistake,andthere’snothingIcandoaboutit.Butwhenthesuncomesout,Ishalltakefulladvantage.”Idon’tknowifanyofthatisofanyuse...Ijusthopethisbringsyoualittlemorepleasureandpurposeinlife.Bestwishes!Yours,StephenFry1.HowdoesCrystalfeelaccordingtotheletter?A.Ignored. B.Ashamed. C.Panicked. D.Unhappy.2.StephenFrywritestoCrystalto________．A.offertipsonmakingfriendsB.teachskillsofwritingpoemsC.sharecomfortandencouragementD.explainwaysofobservingweather3.Inwhichcolumn(专栏)ofaschoolwebsitewillyoufindthetext?A.Literature. B.WatchThis.C.JustAsk. D.ScienceForum.【答案】1.D2.C3.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。这是StephenFry写给Crystal一封信，就Crystal情绪方面给出一些建议。【1题详解】细节理解题。由文章第一段“I’msorrytohearthatlifeisgettingyoudownrightnow...I’mnotsurethere’sanyspecificadviceIcangivetocheeryouup.(我很遗憾听到生活现在让你沮丧...我不确定有什么具体的建议可以让你高兴起来。)”可知，Crystal心情不好，感到不高兴。故选D项。【2题详解】推理判断题。由文章第二段“I’vefoundthatit’sofsomehelptocompareone’smoods(情绪)abouttheworldtotheweather.Herearesomeobviousthingsabouttheweather:(我发现将一个人对世界的情绪与天气进行比较会有所帮助。)”和最后一段“Idon’tknowifanyofthatisofanyuse...Ijusthopethisbringsyoualittlemorepleasureandpurposeinlife.(我不知道这些有没有用...我只是希望这能给你带来更多的快乐和人生目标。)”可知，StephenFry写信是为了安慰和鼓励Crystal。故选C项。【3题详解】推理判断题。由文章第一段“I’msorrytohearthatlifeisgettingyoudownrightnow...I’mnotsurethere’sanyspecificadviceIcangivetocheeryouup.(我很遗憾听到生活现在让你沮丧...我不确定有什么具体的建议可以让你高兴起来。)”以及后文可知，这是StephenFry写给Crystal的一封信，就Crystal咨询情绪方面的问题而给出一些帮助和建议。所以该文章可能出现在JustAsk.(尽管问)专栏。故选C项。BEverymorningat5amwhenmostpeopleareasleep,afigurewouldbebusyinthekitchen,cookingmealsuntiltherestofthevolunteersarrive.Dayinanddayout,MrTayandhisteamprepare,cook,packanddeliverthefoodtovariouspartsoftheisland.Hisjourneystartedwhenoneofhisneighbors,Lisa,askedhimtocollectvegetablesandgivethemawayatBukitHoSwee,apoorandless-privilegedneighbourhood,andthus,hecontinuedtodosoforaperiodoftime.Duringoneofthesevisits,hiswifenoticedthattheelderlyfolkdidnottakethevegetables.Askedwhy,onerepliedthatshecouldnotcook,sosheonlyatethericedeliveredtoher.MrsTaythenofferedtocookforher,andthatsinglemealsparkedWillingHearts,whichhassinceservedabout650,000meals.Thesoupkitchenseesmanyvolunteers,someofwhomarenew,whileothershavebeenaroundsincetheorganisation’searlydays.Theylearnhowtocook,interactwithpeoplefromallwalksoflife,pickupdifferentlanguages,gaingreaterknowledgeaboutsocialissues,andmostimportantly,theywillformastrongtiewithoneanother.ThroughWillingHearts,MrTayhopestomake“thecountry’sbackyard”knowntotheyoungergeneration,toallowthemtoseeandexperiencefirsthandwhatgoesonbehindcloseddoors.Asanon-profitorganisation,WillingHeartsdependsheavilyondonationsandfoodcollections.However,thisdoesnotfazeMrTay.Hebelievesthatyouhavetoletthingsflowingradually,andnotbestoppedbyconcernswhichcreateanunnecessaryamountofstress.HecallsthevolunteersofWillingHeartstheorganisation’seyesandears,astheyarealwaysonthelookoutforthepoortolendahand.4.WhatdoesWillingHeartsdo?A.Itcollectsvegetables. B.Itdeliversricetothepoor.C.Ithelpstheelderlytocook. D.Itmakesmealsfortheneedy.5.Whatisthebiggestharvestforvolunteers?A.Cookingskills. B.Learninglanguages.C.Workingexperience. D.Connectingwithpeople.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“faze”inparagraph4mean?A.Satisfy. B.Trouble. C.Hurt. D.Push.7.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.MrTayandhiswife. B.Waysofhelpingothers.C.Importanceofvolunteering. D.StoriesbehindWillingHearts.【答案】4.D5.D6.B7.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了每天早上5点，当大多数人还在睡觉时，MrTay和他的团队就开始在厨房忙碌，准备、烹饪、打包并将食物送到岛上各个地方。这一切始于邻居Lisa请求他收集蔬菜并分发给BukitHoSwee的贫困居民。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Dayinanddayout,MrTayandhisteamprepare,cook,packanddeliverthefoodtovariouspartsoftheisland.(泰先生和他的团队日复一日地准备、烹饪、包装食物并运送到岛上的各个地方。)根据最后一段“HecallsthevolunteersofWillingHeartstheorganisation’seyesandears,astheyarealwaysonthelookoutforthepoortolendahand.”（他称“心之志”的志愿者是该组织的眼睛和耳朵，因为他们总是在寻找穷人伸出援助之手。）可知，WilingHearts为穷人提供食物。故答案为D。【5题详解】细节理解题，根据文章第三段的“Thesoupkitchenseesmanyvolunteers,someofwhomarenew,whileothershavebeenaroundsincetheorganisation’searlydays.Theylearnhowtocook,interactwithpeoplefromallwalksoflife,pickupdifferentlanguages,gaingreaterknowledgeaboutsocialissues,andmostimportantly,theywillformastrongtiewithoneanother.(施粥场有许多志愿者，其中一些是新来的，而另一些则是该组织成立之初就有的。他们学习如何烹饪，与各行各业的人互动，学习不同的语言，获得更多关于社会问题的知识，最重要的是，他们彼此建立牢固的联系。)可知，志愿者最大的收获是与人联系。故答案为D。【6题详解】词句猜测题，根据文章最后一段的“AAsanon-profitorganisation,WillingHeartsdependsheavilyondonationsandfoodcollections.However,thisdoesnotfazeMrTay.Hebelievesthatyouhavetoletthingsflowingradually,andnotbestoppedbyconcernswhichcreateanunnecessaryamountofstress.(作为一个非盈利组织，WilingHearts在很大程度上依赖于捐赠和食品募捐。然而，这并没有让泰先生faze。他认为，你必须让事情逐渐发展，不要被那些制造不必要压力的担忧所阻止。)”可知，尽管这个非盈利组织主要依靠捐赠，但是Tay认为必须让事情逐渐发展，不要被那些制造不必要压力的担忧所阻止，因此推断这件事不让他烦恼，因此推断faze的意思是“使烦恼”。故答案为B。【7题详解】主旨大意题，根据文章最后一段的“Asanon-profitorganisation,WillingHeartsdependsheavilyondonationsandfoodcollections.However,thisdoesnotfazeMrTay.Hebelievesthatyouhavetoletthingsflowingradually,andnotbestoppedbyconcernswhichcreateanunnecessaryamountofstress.HecallsthevolunteersofWillingHeartstheorganisation’seyesandears,astheyarealwaysonthelookoutforthepoortolendahand.(作为一个非盈利组织,WilingHearts在很大程度上依赖于捐赠和食品捐赠。然而，这并没有让泰先生感到不安。他认为，你必须让事情逐渐发展，不要被那些制造不必要压力的担忧阻止。他称呼WillingHearts的志愿者为这个组织的眼睛和耳朵，因为他们总是在寻找穷人伸出援助之手。)可知本文主要进述了WilingHeats作为一个非盈利组织帮助穷人的故事。故答案为D。CAnadultAfricanelephantconsumesabout223litersofwaterand3,080poundsofroots,grassandfruitdaily.That’slikehaving634cansofsodaand1,200hamburgerseveryday.ThiskeepsthemmovingthousandsofmilesacrossAfricaeachyear.ElephantsusuallymigratebetweenMarchandMay.Femalesliveingroupswiththeirchildren,andquicklyrunoutofthefoodsupply.Theyhittheroadinsearchoffood.Maleelephantslivealone,sotheydon’tuseresourcesasquicklyasthefemales.Instead,theymigrateduringtheirmatingcycle.Whenthefemalespacktheirtrunks,sodothemales.Duringmigration,elephantsfaceshortwatersuppliesandextremelyhightemperatures.Butpeoplearetheirnumber-oneproblem.Poachers(偷猎者)kill35,000elephantseachyearforivory.ManyAfricanfarmersbuildfences(栅栏)toprotectcropsandcattle,whichmightblockregularmigrationpaths.Trafficroadsaffectelephantmigration,too.Duringonestudyof28elephantsinCentralAfrica,onlyonefemalecrossedanunprotectedroad.Scientists,wildlifeorganizationsandgovernmentscooperatetofindsolutionsforAfrica’selephants.“Tounlockthesecretofwhereelephantsmoveandhowtheymove,weplacecollars(项圈)withasatelliteunitinside,”Dr.MichaelChasesays.GPScollarshelpmapwhichrouteselephantsusemostsothatcountriescanestablishprotectedelephantpassages.Localscomeinaswell.JamesIsiche,EastAfricaDirectoroftheInternationalFundforAnimalWelfaresays,“Wehavegotthecommunityonoursidebyaproject;they’veagreedtopartnerwithustoconserveelephants.”Thelocalcommunityrunwildlifeparkstoattracttourists.“Thisprojecthelpsustakecareofboththewildlifeandourcows,”saysSikira,atribalelderinMaasai,Kenya.Protectingelephantmigrationroutesallowsthesegentlegiantstosurvive.8.Whatcanwelearnabouttheelephantsfromparagraph1?A.Theyshowaninterestinhamburgers.B.Theymovesouthtosurvivethecold.C.Theymigratefordifferentreasons.D.Femalesliveshorterforfoodshortage.9.Whatisparagraph2ofthetextmainlyabout?A.Resultsofpoaching. B.Reasonsforkillingelephants.C.Difficultiesinmigrating. D.Effortstoprotectmigrationpaths.10.Whyarecollarsappliedbyscientists?A.Todiscoverthesecretofmigration.B.Totrackelephantswithtechnology.CToidentifythepopulationofelephants.D.Toexploreanewrouteformigration.11.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.SayNotoIvory B.AJourneyinAfricaC.ReadyfortheMove D.TechnologyinMigration【答案】8.C9.C10.B11.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了大象在迁徙过程中遇到很多困难，威胁其生存，多方合作利用GPS追踪规划保护通道，并携手当地社区，共同保护大象迁徙路线以助其生存。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Femalesliveingroupswiththeirchildren,andquicklyrunoutofthefoodsupply.Theyhittheroadinsearchoffood.Maleelephantslivealone,sotheydon’tuseresourcesasquicklyasthefemales.Instead,theymigrateduringtheirmatingcycle.(雌性大象与其幼仔群体生活，它们的食物资源会迅速耗尽。因此，当食物短缺时，它们便会踏上寻找食物的旅程。雄性大象则独自生活，它们不像雌性那样快速消耗资源。相反，雄性大象会在繁殖周期时进行迁徙)”可知，大象迁徙的原因各不相同。故选C项。【9题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“Duringmigration,elephantsfaceshortwatersuppliesandextremelyhightemperatures.Butpeoplearetheirnumber-oneproblem.Poacherskill35,000elephantseachyearforivory.ManyAfricanfarmersbuildfencestoprotectcropsandcattle,whichmightblockregularmigrationpaths.Trafficroadsaffectelephantmigration,too.Duringonestudyof28elephantsinCentralAfrica,onlyonefemalecrossedanunprotectedroad.(在迁徙过程中，大象面临着缺水和极高的温度。但人是他们的首要问题。偷猎者每年杀死35000头大象来获取象牙。许多非洲农民修建围栏以保护农作物和牲畜，这可能会阻碍正常的迁徙路线。交通道路也会影响大象的迁徙。在一项对中非28头大象的研究中，只有一头雌性大象穿过了一条没有保护的道路)”可知，这一段主要是关于大象迁徙过程中遇到的困难。故选C项。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段““Tounlockthesecretofwhereelephantsmoveandhowtheymove,weplacecollarswithasatelliteunitinside,”Dr.MichaelChasesays.

(MichaelChase博士说：“为了解开大象在哪里移动以及如何移动的秘密，我们在项圈里放置了带有卫星的装置”)”可知，科学家使用项圈是为了用技术追踪大象。故选B项。【11题详解】主旨大意题。结合全文及文章第一段“ElephantsusuallymigratebetweenMarchandMay.(大象通常在三月到五月之间迁徙)”和最后一段“Protectingelephantmigrationroutesallowsthesegentlegiantstosurvive.(保护大象迁徙路线使这些温和的巨人得以生存)”可知，文章主要介绍了大象在迁徙过程中遇到很多困难，威胁其生存，多方合作利用GPS追踪规划保护通道，并携手当地社区，共同保护大象迁徙路线以助其生存，故C项“为迁徙做好准备”适合作为文章的标题。故选C项。DImagineaschoolwherestudentsaretaughtbythebestteachersineverysubject,regardlessoflocation.ImagineaschoolwherestudentscouldgoonsafefieldtripstotheAmazonrainforestorEverestbasecamp.Well,suchschoolsarealreadybeingbuilt:invirtual(虚拟的)reality.Lastyear,OptimaAcademyOnline,anall-virtualschool,deliveredcoursesthataimtoimprovetheheartsandtrainthemindsofyoungpeople.Thesecoursesareofdifferentlevels,attracting170full-timestudentsfromalloverFlorida.Intheprogressofhome-schooling,studentsuseheadsetsforaboutthreehoursadayforformallessonsandthendocourseworkindependentlywithdigitalcheck-ins.Futureversions(版本)ofVRwilldoubtlessbewidelyusedineducation,buttheonlyquestionsare:forwhatpurposeandatwhatspeed?ThereareenoughreasonstodoubtwhetherVRschoolsrepresentthefutureofeducation.StickingachildintheirbedroomwithaheavyVRheadsetfastenedtotheirfaceandnophysicalsocialinteractionwithotherkidswillfillmanyofthemandtheirparentswithhorror.Arecentreportconcludedthatdigitaleducationcouldsignificantlyimprovethequalityandequalityofschoolingsystems.Butifmanagedpoorly,itcouldhavetheoppositeeffect,turningadigitaldivideintoaneducationalone.Thereisgrowingevidencetosuggestthatishappening.InMexico,only24percentof15-year-oldstudentsinpoorschoolshaveaccess(使用)toahomecomputerforschoolworkcomparedwith87percentinrichones.Usedproperly,technologycanbegreatforenablingself-motivatedstudentstoaccesslearningresourcesandconnectwithfellowstudentsandteachersallovertheworld,saysBeebanKidron,amemberoftheUK’sDigitalFuturesCommission.ThetroubleisthatEdtechistoooftenseenasashinynewtoythatwillsolveallproblemsandsavemoneyratherthanbeingviewedasadifferentwaytolearn,sheadds.12.WhatcanwelearnaboutOptimaAcademyOnline?A.Ithasbeenwidelyaccepted.B.Itholdsfarawayoutdoorfieldtrips.C.Itprovidesvariousonlinecourses.D.Itrequiresparentstohelpwithcheck-ins.13.Whatdoesparagraph3focusonaboutVRineducation?A.Thedevelopment. B.Theconcerns.C.Theadvantages. D.Thepopularity.14.StudentsinMexicoarementionedtoshow________．A.MexicanschoolingqualityhasbeenimprovedB.localschoolingsystemsarenotfullydevelopedC.technologyaccessgapsmaycauseeducationinequalityD.familybackgroundsshapepeople’sviewsoneducation15.WhatdoesBeebanKidronthinkofdigitaleducation?A.Itenricheslearning. B.It’sirreplaceable.C.Itneedsimproving. D.It’sundervalued.【答案】12.C13.B14.C15.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍虚拟现实在教学中的应用。【12题详解】细节理解题。由文章第二段“Lastyear,OptimaAcademyOnline,anall-virtualschool,deliveredcoursesthataimtoimprovetheheartsandtrainthemindsofyoungpeople.Thesecoursesareofdifferentlevels,attracting170full-timestudentsfromalloverFlorida.(去年，OptimaAcademyOnline，一所全虚拟的学校，提供了旨在改善年轻人心灵和训练他们心智的课程。这些课程层次不同，吸引了来自佛罗里达州各地的170名全日制学生。)”可知，OptimaAcademyOnline提供各种层次不同的在线课程。故选C项。【13题详解】推理判断题。由文章第三段“Futureversions(版本)ofVRwilldoubtlessbewidelyusedineducation,buttheonlyquestionsare:forwhatpurposeandatwhatspeed?ThereareenoughreasonstodoubtwhetherVRschoolsrepresentthefutureofeducation.StickingachildintheirbedroomwithaheavyVRheadsetfastenedtotheirfaceandnophysicalsocialinteractionwithotherkidswillfillmanyofthemandtheirparentswithhorror.(毫无疑问，未来版本的VR将在教育中广泛使用，但唯一的问题是：出于什么目的，以什么速度？有足够的理由怀疑虚拟现实学校是否代表了教育的未来。把一个孩子戴在脸上的重型VR耳机粘在卧室里，不与其他孩子进行身体社交，这会让他们中的许多人和父母感到恐惧。)”可知，本段主要就虚拟现实在教学中的应用可能存在的问题表示担忧。故选B项。【14题详解】推理判断题。由文章第四段“Butifmanagedpoorly,itcouldhavetheoppositeeffect,turningadigitaldivideintoaneducationalone.Thereisgrowingevidencetosuggestthatishappening.InMexico,only24percentof15-year-oldstudentsinpoorschoolshaveaccess(使用)toahomecomputerforschoolworkcomparedwith87percentinrichones.(但如果管理不善，可能会产生相反的效果，将数字鸿沟变成教育鸿沟。越来越多的证据表明这种情况正在发生。在墨西哥，贫困学校中只有24%的15岁学生能够使用家用电脑完成学业，而富裕学校中这一比例为87%。)”可知，墨西哥学生被提及是为了表明技术获取差距可能导致教育不平等。故选C项。【15题详解】推理判断题。由文章最后一段“Usedproperly,technologycanbegreatforenablingself-motivatedstudentstoaccesslearningresourcesandconnectwithfellowstudentsandteachersallovertheworld,saysBeebanKidron,amemberoftheUK’sDigitalFuturesCommission.(英国数字未来委员会成员BeebanKidron表示，如果使用得当，技术可以很好地让有上进心的学生获得学习资源，并与世界各地的同学和老师建立联系。)”可知，BeebanKidron认为数字教育丰富学习，使教育多元化。故选A项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。ThePowerofInsensitivityHighlysensitive(敏感的)person,orHSP,isaterminventedbypsychologistElaineAron.HSPscancomewithmanychallenges.Theymayfindithardtoadapttonewsurroundings,andeasilybecomeuncomfortableinresponsetocertainfeelingsorothers’opinions.____16____Thepowerofinsensitivitycanbeexplainedas“slowpower”.Usually,peopleconnect“insensitivity”withsomethingbad,butindeed,itstressestheabilitytokeepdoingsomethingdifficultwithoutcomplaining.____17____Itisnotaweaknessbutanapproachtowinningabetterlife.____18____Knowingyourselfisdifficult,andknowingyourselfcorrectlyisundoubtedlyanexcellentability.Thesuccessfulpeopleclearlyknowwheretheirstrengthsare,whattheycandoandwhatdirectiontogo.Therearesomewaystopractice“insensitivity”:Don’tpaytoomuchattentiontotheupsanddownsoflifeatthemoment.____19____Don’tgetinvolvedinotherpeople’slivesanddon’tletothersaffectyours.Regardingrelationships,learntoviewproblemsastwoparts:Onepartiswhatyouneedtofaceandsolve.Theotherpartistheresponsibilityofothers,whichisnotyourbusiness.Everyonecangaintheabilitytobeinsensitive.____20____Andtheworldwillalsobeabetteroneifwefocusonmajorgoalsandstayinsensitivetosomethingelse.A.Insensitivityplaysasignificantrole.B.Rather,youshouldbelookingforward.C.That’swheretheneedtobeinsensitivecomesfrom.D.Onceyouslowdownthepace,youwillfeelmorecomfortable.E.Thosenoteasilyaffectedarethepeoplewhocarelessaboutothers.F.Thatiscalmlyfacingthedowntimeinlifeandmovingtowardsone’sowndirection.G.Onereasonwhyinsensitivityallowspeopletobettersurviveisthestrongself-awareness.【答案】16.C17.F18.G19.B20.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了钝感力并非弱点，实为应对挑战、平静面对生活起伏并坚定前行的力量源泉，通过培养钝感力，可助力个人更好适应生活并赢得更佳人生。【16题详解】上文“Highlysensitiveperson,orHSP,isaterminventedbypsychologistElaineAron.HSPscancomewithmanychallenges.Theymayfindithardtoadapttonewsurroundings,andeasilybecomeuncomfortableinresponsetocertainfeelingsorothers’opinions.(高度敏感者，或称HSP，是心理学家ElaineAron发明的一个术语。HSP可能带来许多挑战。他们可能会发现很难适应新的环境，很容易对某些感觉或他人的意见感到不舒服)”说明了敏感者的表现，空处承上启下，下文“Thepowerofinsensitivitycanbeexplainedas“slowpower”.(钝感力的力量可以解释为“慢力量”)”解释了钝感力的概念，故C项“这就是我们需要变得钝感的来源所在”与上下文联系紧密，符合语境。故选C项。【17题详解】上文“Usually,peopleconnect“insensitivity”withsomethingbad,butindeed,itstressestheabilitytokeepdoingsomethingdifficultwithoutcomplaining.(通常情况下，人们将“不敏感”与负面事物相联系，但实际上，它强调的是在遇到困难时不抱怨、坚持做下去的能力)”表明了不敏感的力量，空处承接上文，F项“也就是说，平静地面对生活中的低谷期，并坚定地朝着自己的方向前进”是对上文的进一步解释，符合语境。故选F项。【18题详解】下文“Knowingyourselfisdifficult,andknowingyourselfcorrectlyisundoubtedlyanexcellentability.Thesuccessfulpeopleclearlyknowwheretheirstrengthsare,whattheycandoandwhatdirectiontogo.(了解自己是一项艰难的任务，而正确地了解自己无疑是出色的能力。成功人士清楚地知道自己优势何在，知道自己能做什么，明白自己前进的方向)”表明自我认知能力的重要性，G项“不敏感使人更好地生存下来的一个原因是强大的自我认知”与下文话题一致，符合语境。故选G项。【19题详解】上文“Therearesomewaystopractice“insensitivity”:Don’tpaytoomuchattentiontotheupsanddownsoflifeatthemoment.(练习“钝感力”的方法包括：不要过分关注当前生活中的起起落落)”指明不要过分关注当前，空处承接上文，B项“相反，你应该向前看”与上文联系紧密，符合语境。故选B项。【20题详解】上文“Everyonecangaintheabilitytobeinsensitive.(每个人都可以获得钝感力这种能力)”表明每个人都可以拥有钝感力，空处承上启下，下文“Andtheworldwillalsobeabetteroneifwefocusonmajorgoalsandstayinsensitivetosomethingelse.(如果我们专注于重大目标，对其他琐事保持钝感，世界也将因此变得更加美好)”表明钝感力的好处，D项“一旦放慢脚步，你会感到更加舒适自在”指明获得钝感力的感受，与上下文联系紧密，符合语境。故选D项。第三部分语言运用(共三节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Itallbeganonacold,rainyday．Sarah,apoorsinglemother,was____21____tomakeendsmeet.Whilewaitingforthebuswithhertwochildren,Sarah____22____anoldmansittingonanearbybench.Hewasshivering(颤抖),his____23____jacketprovidinglittleprotectionagainstthefreezingweather.Sarah____24____themanandofferedhimhercoat.Sheknewitwouldmakehercold,butthethoughtofthisstranger____25____whileshehadsomethingtogivewastoomuchtobear.____26____byherselflessness,themanthankfullyacceptedthecoatandgavebackasmile.LittledidSarahknowthathersimpleactof____27____wouldmakeahugedifference.Aman,whosawtheheartwarming____28____,tookaphotoandshareditonsocialmedia.Thepostquicklybecamea____29____,withthousandsofpeoplesharingandcommentingonSarah’s____30____.Encouragedbyher,peoplebeganorganizingeventsto____31____thoselesslucky.Schoolsaddedlessonsonthe____32____ofhelpingothers,andbusinessesstarteda“payitforward”project,wherepeoplecouldbuymoreandleavethe____33____mealforthoseinneed.Reflectingonthisunbelievablejourney,wecan____34____ourindividualpower,whichmaycreateaneffectthatwould____35____reacheverycorneroftheglobe.21.A.helping B.continuing C.struggling D.seeking22.A.leftbehind B.cameacross C.lookedfor D.turnedto23.A.clean B.cheap C.fancy D.thin24.A.followed B.approached C.respected D.caught25.A.complaining B.staring C.suffering D.surviving26.A.Attracted B.Confused C.Moved D.Shocked27.A.connection B.appreciation C.duty D.kindness28.Aexchange B.invitation C.option D.performance29.A.story B.symbol C.chance D.hit30.A.generosity B.courage C.curiosity D.patience31.A.change B.support C.direct D.educate32.A.creativity B.strength C.significance D.description33.A.quick B.main C.different D.extra34.A.recognize B.expect C.remember D.admit35.A.regularly B.obviously C.eventually D.slightly【答案】21.C22.B23.D24.B25.C26.C27.D28.A29.D30.A31.B32.C33.D34.A35.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。短文讲述了一个名叫萨拉的贫穷单身母亲，在一个寒冷雨天，她在等公交时看到一个老人冻得发抖，便慷慨地给了他自己的外套。这一善举被人拍照上传到社交媒体上，引发了广泛的关注和正面反响，激励人们开始组织帮助不幸者的活动，学校和企业也加入了这一行列。文章强调了个人行动的力量，以及这些行动如何能产生全球性的影响。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：萨拉是一位贫穷的单身母亲，正努力维持生计。A.helping帮助；B.continuing继续；C.struggling奋斗，努力；D.seeking寻求。根据常识和空后“tomakeendsmeet”可知，萨拉正“努力”维持生计。故选C。【22题详解】考查动词词组辨析。句意：在带着两个孩子等车的时候，萨拉遇到了一位坐在附近长椅上的老人。A.leftbehind落后；B.cameacross偶遇，遇到；C.lookedfor寻找；D.turnedto转向。根据空后“anoldmansitingonanearbybench”可知，这里指萨拉“遇到”了一位坐在附近长椅上的老人。故选B。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他在发抖，他的薄夹克几乎不能抵御寒冷的天气。A.clean干净的；B.cheap便宜的；C.fancy精致的；D.thin瘦的，薄的。根据上句“Hewasshivering”可知，他在发抖，说明他的夹克非常“薄”。故选D。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：萨拉走近那个男人，把自己的外套递给了他。A.followed跟随；B.approached靠近，走进；C.respected尊敬；D.caught抓住。根据空后“andofferedhimhercoat”可知。这里指萨拉“走近”那个男人，把自己的外套递给了他。故选B。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她知道这会让她感到寒冷，但想到这个陌生人在她有所付出的时候遭受痛苦，她实在无法忍受。A.complaining抱怨；B.staring盯着看；C.suffering遭受；D.surviving存活。根据前文“Hewasshivering(颤抖),his3jacketprovidinglittleprotectionagainstthefreezingweather”可知，他在发抖，他的薄夹克几乎不能抵御寒冷的天气。说明他“遭受”了很多痛苦。故选C。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：男人被她的无私感动了，感激地收下了外套，并给了她一个微笑。A.Attracted吸引；B.Confused使困惑；C.Moved感动；D.Shocked使惊讶。根据下句“themanthankfullyacceptedthecoatandgavebackasmile”可知，他感激地收下了外套，并给了她一个微笑，说明男人被她的无私“感动”了。故选C。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：莎拉不知道她简单的善举会产生巨大的影响。A.connection连接；B.appreciation欣赏；C.duty责任；D.kindness善意。根据前文“Sarah4themanandofferedhimhercoat”可知，萨拉走近那个男人，把自己的外套递给了他。说明她做了一件充满“善意”的事情。故选D。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：一名男子看到了这一感人的交流，拍了一张照片并分享到社交媒体上。A.exchange交换，交流；B.invitation邀请；C.option选择；D.performance表演。根据前文“6byherselflessness,themanthankfullyacceptedthecoatandgavebackasmile”可知，男人被她的无私感动了，感激地收下了外套，并给了她一个微笑。说明一名男子看到这两个人之间的感人的“交流”。故选A。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这条帖子迅速走红，成千上万的人分享和评论了莎拉的慷慨。A.story故事；B.symbol象征；C.chance机会；D.hit广受欢迎的事物。根据空后“withthousandsofpeoplesharingandcommentingonSarah’s10”可知，成千上万的人分享和评论了莎拉的慷慨，说明这条帖子迅速走红，莎拉变成“很受欢迎的人”。故选D。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这条帖子迅速走红，成千上万的人分享和评论了萨拉的慷慨。A.generosity大方；B.courage勇气；C.curiosity好奇；D.patience耐心。根据前文“6byherselflessness,themanthankfullyacceptedthecoatandgavebackasmile”可知，男人被她的无私感动了，感激地收下了外套，并给了她一个微笑，说明成千上万的人分享和评论了萨拉的“慷慨”。故选A。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在她的鼓励下，人们开始组织活动来支持那些不太幸运的人。A.change改变；B.support支持；C.direct指导；D.educate教育。根据空后“thoselesslucky”可知，这里指人们开始组织活动来“支持”那些不太幸运的人。故选B。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：学校增加了关于帮助他人意义的课程，企业启动了“让爱传出去”项目，人们可以购买更多食物，并将多余的食物留给需要的人。A.creativity创新；B.strength力量；C.significance重要性，意义；D.description描述。根据常识和空后“ofhelpingothers”可知，学校增加了关于帮助他人“意义”的课程。故选C。【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：学校增加了关于帮助他人重要性的课程，企业启动了“让爱传出去”项目，人们可以购买更多食物，并将多余的食物留给需要的人。A.quick快速的；B.main主要的；C.different不同的；D.extra额外的。根据空前“businessesstarteda‘payitforward’project，wherepeoplecouldbuymore”可知，人们可以购买更多食物，并将“额外的”食物留给需要的人。故选D。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：反思这段不可思议的旅程，我们可以