2024届河南省名校学术联盟高考考前5月第三次考英语试题 （解析版）

名校学术联盟·考前冲刺·精品预测卷英语（三）本试卷共8页。全卷满分150分，考试用时120分钟。注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号等填写在答题卡上。2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A．£19.15．B．£9.18．C．£9.15．答案是C。1．Whatdidthewomandolastnight?A．Sheobservedthestars.B．Shegaveapresentation.C．Shewenttoanartshow.2．Whatdidthewomanfinddifficult?A．Theessaysection.B．Theblankfillingquestions.C．Themultiple-choicesection.3．Wherearethespeakers?A．Onabus.B．Inalift.C．Inacompany.4．Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A．Ahike.B．Askiingexperience.C．Avacationplan.5．Whatdoesthemanmean?A．Hehasnowheretoputthetree.B．Hewillmoveawayinafewdays.C．Heisgladtoacceptthewoman’soffer.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6．WhatisuniqueaboutHamlet?A．Thefemalelead.B．Thestagedesign.C．Themodernadaptation.7．Howdoesthewomansoundintheend?A．Disappointed.B．Angry.C．Hesitant.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8．Whatmightthewomanbe?A．Adoctor.B．Asalesperson.C．Anurse.9．Whatdidthedoctoraskthemantodo?A．Eatlessnutsandgrains.B．Consumehigh-fatmeat.C．Avoidhigh-caloriefood.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10．Whatisthepresentationabout?A．Asurveyresult.B．Anewproduct.C．Aworkingschedule.11．Whydoesthewomansuggestthemanattendthepresentation?A．Togetfamiliarwiththenewteam.B．Tofindinspirationforhissurveyreport.C．Toknowmoreaboutthemarketdepartment.12．Whattimewillthemanmeetthewoman?A．At3:00pm.B．At2:55pm.C．At2:45pm.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13．WhatdoesAnnsayaboutherperformanceintheWorldChampionships?A．Shedidbetterthanshehadexpected.B．Sheregrettednotpreparingwellenough.C．Shewasdisappointedtowinasilvermedal.14．HowoftendoesAnnpractice?A．Onceaweek.B．Sixdaysaweek.C．Everyday.15．WhatisAnn’sattitudetowardstheothercompetitors?A．Sheavoidsclosecontactwiththem.B．Shelikestocommunicatewiththem.C．Shehasmadegoodfriendswiththem.16．WhatdoesAnnenjoydoinginherfreetimenow?A．Flyingkites.B．Skiing.C．Reading.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17．Whatmadetheblogfirstknowntothepublic?A．Anewspaperreport.B．ATVprogram.C．Aphoto.18．WhatdidBonniedofortheblog?A．Shetookphotos.B．Sheactedasamodel.C．ShedidEden’smake-up.19．WhichperiodofclotheshasrecentlyinspiredEllamost?A．The1920s.B．The1970s.C．The1980s.20．WhatisthemaintopicofElla’sblogs?A．Fashiontrends.B．Money-savingtips.C．Clothesforstudents.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项..AWeekendtripsinEuropecanbeatrulymagicalexperience.FromthesunnybeachesofGreecetotherollinghillsofItaly,ourtravelshavetakenusthroughmanyEuropeandestinations.Allofthefollowingdestinationsareplacesthatarewithineasyreachandofferincredibleexperiencesthatyou’llalwaysremember.Hallstatt,AustriaItisknowntobeoneofthemostbeautifulandcharmingplacesonEarth,withitstraditionalalpinehouses,crystalclearlake,andbreathtakingviewsofthesnow-coveredmountains.Hallstattoffersplentyofactivitiessuchasexploringsaltminesandtheancientchurches.TakeaboatrideacrossLakeHallstattandvisitthenearbyDachstein1ceCave—allofwhichguaranteeanunforgettableexperience.Zakynthos,GreeceZakynthos（orZante）isoneofthemostbeautifulandstunningislandsinEurope.Withitspurewhitebeaches,unspoilednature,andcrystalclearbluewaters,it’snowonderthatZakynthosisoneofthebestweekendbreaksinEuropeforarelaxinggetaway.FromboattripstothefamousBlueCavestodiscoveringlocalpubs,thereareplentyofactivitiestoenjoyonthispeacefulGreekisland.Amsterdam,NetherlandsWhatattractspeopletowardsAmsterdam,oneofthemostpopulardestinationsinEurope,arethemuseums,parks,Dutchcuisine,Heinekenbeer,andthetulips（郁金香）!What’sevenmoreexcitingisthatitiscompletelypracticaltocoverallthemajorattractionswithinaweekendtriptoAmsterdamandevenseethecountrysidewiththehelpoftheAmsterdamandregiontravelcard.Florence,ItalyWithitsbreathtakingarchitecture,richhistory,andMediterraneanclimate,it’seasytoseewhyFlorenceisoneofthebestweekendtripsinEurope.AnothergreatreasonwhyFlorenceisgreatforaweekendtripisitssmallsize,whichmeansyoucaneasilyexperiencealotwithinjusttwodays!Ifyouareafoodlover,learnhowtomakeyourowngelato（andpasta,pizza）inaFlorencecookingclass.1.Wherewouldthegeologyexplorerspossiblyliketogo?A.Hallstatt;Zakynthos. B.Amsterdam;Florence.C.Zakynthos;Amsterdam. D.Hallstatt;Florence.2.WhatdoZakynthosandAmsterdambothprovideforvisitors?A.Nationalflowers. B.Specialdishes.C.Peacefulislands. D.Alcoholicdrinks.3.Wherecouldyoumostprobablyfindthearticle?A.Today’sEurope. B.JourneytoRomance.C.MomentaryGetaways. D.SummerVacationArrangements.【答案】1.A2.D3.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了欧洲的几个热门周末旅行目的地，包括它们的特色、风景和推荐活动，旨在为读者提供旅行建议和灵感。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据文章Hallstatt,Austria部分中的“TakeaboatrideacrossLakeHallstattandvisitthenearbyDachstein1ceCave—allofwhichguaranteeanunforgettableexperience.(乘船游览Hallstatt湖并参观附近的达赫施坦因冰洞——所有这些都保证了一次难忘的经历。)”以及文章“Zakynthos,Greece”部分中的“FromboattripstothefamousBlueCavestodiscoveringlocalpubs,thereareplentyofactivitiestoenjoyonthispeacefulGreekisland.(从乘船游览著名的蓝洞到发现当地的酒吧，在这个宁静的希腊岛屿上有很多活动可以享受。)”可知，这两个地方都适合地质勘探者前往探索洞穴。故选A。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据文章Zakynthos,Greece部分中的“FromboattripstothefamousBlueCavestodiscoveringlocalpubs,thereareplentyofactivitiestoenjoyonthispeacefulGreekisland.(从乘船游览著名的蓝洞到发现当地的酒吧，在这个宁静的希腊岛屿上有很多活动可以享受。)”可知，在Zakynthos，游客可以去当地的酒吧；再根据文章“Amsterdam,Netherlands”部分中的“WhatattractspeopletowardsAmsterdam,oneofthemostpopulardestinationsinEurope,arethemuseums,parks,Dutchcuisine,Heinekenbeer,andthetulips（郁金香）!(阿姆斯特丹是欧洲最受欢迎的目的地之一，吸引人们来到这里的是博物馆、公园、荷兰美食、喜力啤酒和郁金香！)”可知，人们在阿姆斯特丹人们可以品尝啤酒，因此可知，这两个地方都为游客提供啤酒。故选D。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“WeekendtripsinEuropecanbeatrulymagicalexperience.FromthesunnybeachesofGreecetotherollinghillsofItaly,ourtravelshavetakenusthroughmanyEuropeandestinations.Allofthefollowingdestinationsareplacesthatarewithineasyreachandofferincredibleexperiencesthatyou’llalwaysremember.(欧洲的周末之旅可以是一次真正神奇的经历。从希腊阳光明媚的海滩到意大利连绵起伏的山丘，我们的旅行已经带我们走过了许多欧洲目的地。以下所有的目的地都是容易到达的地方，提供令人难以置信的体验，您将永远铭记。)”可知，文章主要描述了欧洲的几个周末旅行目的地，包括它们的特色和推荐活动，旨在为读者提供周末旅行的建议和灵感。选项C“MomentaryGetaways(短暂的逃离)”指的是短暂的逃离日常生活，探索新的地方。与文章的内容非常吻合，因为它强调了短途、短暂的旅行。故选C。BIalwayslistentomylocalpublicradiostationwhileI’mdriving.MyfocusoftenchangesasIstareoutattheroadahead.ButIbecamefullyattentiveonarecentmorningonceIrealizedtheentirenewscastwasdedicatedtolocalwildlife.Therewassomethingaboutthepackofsome30to50javelinas(野猪)thatruinedagolfcoursenearSedona,Arizona,followedbytalkoftherecentsightingofajaguar(美洲虎),aspeciesthatrangedacrossArizonaandSonora,Mexico,untilconstructionoftheborderwallblockedtheway.Finally,therewasanupdateonMexicanwolfreintroductioneffortsinNewMexicoandArizona.Theresultsweremixed:Nineofthewolveshaddiedorbeenkilledrecently.AsIsatinmycar,listeningtothenews,Ifelthelpless,evenmournful.Whatwouldittakeformostofustounderstandthatthejavelinas’behavioronthatheavilyirrigatedgolfcourseinthedesertwasasignthatmaybethecourseshouldn’tbeinthedeserttobeginwith?ThewayIsawit,thejavelinasweren’tinvading(入侵)thesite;theywerereclaimingit.Afterall,thejavelinas’needs—forfoodandspace—aremorebasicthanafewprivilegedhumans’desiretoplaygolf.AsfortheArizonaMexicanwolfpupreintroductioneffortthatIheardaboutinthenews,forthepast25years,scientistshavebeenworkinghardtorestorethenativewolfpopulation,andyetareunabletoremoveitsgreatestthreat.Today,almost250Mexicanwolvesarebelievedtobeinthewild,andeveryyear,humansillegallykilloneoutoften.Thewolfrecoveryeffortisnecessary,butit’sextremelydifficultbecausewehumanskeepgettingintheway.Ineedtotacklemyhelplessness,becausehelplessnessleadstonolongerwantingtotakecareofwhatmattersmost.Therefore,Ithinkthatitmustbeagoodsignthatmylocalnewsnowregularlycoversthechallengesofcoexistenceandpossiblesolutionstoourproblems.That’sprogressandfuelsmyhope.4.Whatisthemorningnewsabout?A.Dangersoflocalwildlife.B.Effortstoreintroducewildlife.C.Issuesofhuman-wildlifecoexistence.DDistributionofwildlifearoundtheworld.5.Whydidthejavelinasdestroythegolfcourseaccordingtotheauthor?A.Tomeetbasicneeds.B.Toprotectthedesert.C.Toopposegolfplaying.DToattackhumanbeings.6.WhatdoweknowabouttheMexicanwolves?A.Theyareboundtogoextinct.B.Humansthreatentheirsurvival.C.Theirnumberhasgreatlyincreased.D.10%ofthemhavebeenreintroduced.7.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetothechallengesmentionedinthelastparagraph?A.Unclear. B.Negative.C.Optimistic. D.Indifferent.【答案】4.C5.A6.B7.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。作者通过早新闻了解到人类和野生动物共存的问题以及作者对这一问题的看法。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“ButIbecamefullyattentiveonarecentmorningonceIrealizedtheentirenewscastwasdedicatedtolocalwildlife.(但在最近的一个早晨，当我意识到整个新闻节目都是关于当地野生动物的，我就全神贯注了。)”和第二段“Therewassomethingaboutthepackofsome30to50javelinas(野猪)thatruinedagolfcoursenearSedona,Arizona,followedbytalkoftherecentsightingofajaguar(美洲虎),aspeciesthatrangedacrossArizonaandSonora,Mexico,untilconstructionoftheborderwallblockedtheway.Finally,therewasanupdateonMexicanwolfreintroductioneffortsinNewMexicoandArizona.Theresultsweremixed:Nineofthewolveshaddiedorbeenkilledrecently.(一群大约有30到50只的野猪毁坏了亚利桑那州塞多纳附近的一个高尔夫球场，接着是最近看到美洲虎的传闻，这种物种在亚利桑那州和墨西哥索诺拉之间活动，直到修建边境墙挡住了道路。最后，在新墨西哥州和亚利桑那州重新引入墨西哥狼的努力有了最新进展。结果喜忧参半:其中9只狼已经死亡或最近被杀。)”可知，作者听到的早间新闻涉及到人类与野生动物共存的问题。故选C项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段的句子“ThewayIsawit,thejavelinasweren’tinvading(入侵)thesite;theywerereclaimingit.Afterall,thejavelinas’needs—forfoodandspace—aremorebasicthanafewprivilegedhumans’desiretoplaygolf.(在我看来，野猪并没有入侵这个球场；他们正在收回它。毕竟，野猪对食物和空间的需求比少数特权阶层打高尔夫球的欲望更基本。)”可知，野猪摧毁高尔夫球场是为了满足它们的基本需求。故选A项。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段的最后两句“Today,almost250Mexicanwolvesarebelievedtobeinthewild,andeveryyear,humansillegallykilloneoutoften.Thewolfrecoveryeffortisnecessary,butit’sextremelydifficultbecausewehumanskeepgettingintheway.(今天，大约有250只墨西哥狼被认为生活在野外，每年，人类非法杀死十分之一的狼。狼的恢复工作是必要的，但这是非常困难的，因为我们人类一直在挡道。)”可知，人类威胁着墨西哥狼的生存。故选B项。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段的句子“Therefore,Ithinkthatitmustbeagoodsignthatmylocalnewsnowregularlycoversthechallengesofcoexistenceandpossiblesolutionstoourproblems.That’sprogressandfuelsmyhope.(因此，我认为，我的地方新闻现在经常报道共存的挑战和我们问题的可能解决办法，这一定是一个好的迹象。这就是进步，激发了我的希望。)”可以推论出，作者对最后一段提到的挑战持乐观的态度。故选C项。COnceyoucrosstheover50mark,it’snotatimetoworryaboutgettingolderorputasmuchemphasisoncareerorhowmuchyouearn.It’sagoldenmomentinwhichwecanpausetoreflectandtakestockofthemostimportantthingsinlife:family,friends,amorerelaxedlifestyleandsocialconnectivity.Manysayit’sthebesttimeofourlife.Ourchildrenprobablyhavetheirownhomesandfamilies,inwhichyouareundoubtedlyanimportantpart.Youmayfeelalittlelostwithallthisundiscoveredfreedom.Butthetruthis,it’salmostlikegoingbacktothoseteenyears,withlimitlesspotentialforfunandenjoyment!Withtheworldatyourfingertipsonceagain,it’sanopportunitytoliveyourlifethewayyouwant.Findoutwhatyoulovedoingandtakeprideinnewhobbies,newpassionsandtrynewthingsyoumaynothavepreviouslyhadthechancetodo.Theyallsaylifebeginsat50,Icouldn’tagreemore.Asanexample,afterIhitthismilestone,Iachievedsomegreatthings,includingpioneeringaninnovativeliving,careandlifestylesolutionwithmylatestventure（冒险事业）—OdysseyLifestyleCareCommunities.Odysseycelebrateslife’sjourneyandaimstoprovideaffordablehigh-endpermanentlivingarrangements,withinacommunitysettingthatdeliversincreasinglevelsofcare.Builtaroundaresortstyleenvironment,theOdysseymodelhassetanexcellentexampleintheindustrybydemonstratingthepowerofputtingpeoplefirst.Asapassionateadvocateforconsumer-directedcaremodelsofservice,IthinktheGovernment’srecommendationofAustraliaadoptingarights-basedsystemintheirfinalreportoftheRoyalCommissionintoAgedCare,iscertainlyastepintherightdirection.Odyssey’smodelisdrivenbyapeople-centredapproachthatplacesresidentsattheforefrontofallourdecisions,whichiswhywedecidedtoincorporateandinvestintechnologiesthatensurehealthandsafety.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“takestockof”inparagraph2mean?A.Thinkof. B.Lookfor. C.Envy. D.Praise.9.Whydomanypeoplesayover50isthebesttimeoflife?A.Theyaremorefamiliarwiththeirsurroundings. B.Theyhavelessburdenbutmorefreetime.C.Theyhavestrongerdesiretodonewthings. D.Theyarepaidmuchattentionto.10.WhatdoweknowaboutOdysseyLifestyleCareCommunities?A.Itisaresearchcentreforthestudyoftheold.B.Itprovidespart-timejobsforacommunity.C.Itisadepartmenttoadoptrights-basedsystems.D.Itoffersgoodserviceatreasonablepricesfortheold.11.Whoisprobablytheauthor?A.Apersonlessthan50. B.Apersoninthegovernment.C.AstaffmemberofOdyssey. D.Anewsreporterofamagazine.【答案】8.A9.B10.D11.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一家养老机构OdysseyLifestyleCareCommunities。【8题详解】词义猜测题。根据前文“It’sagoldenmomentinwhichwecanpausetoreflect(这是一个我们可以停下来反思的黄金时刻)”可知，“takestockofthemostimportantthingsinlife:family,friends,amorerelaxedlifestyleandsocialconnectivity.(takestockof生活中最重要的事情:家庭、朋友、更轻松的生活方式和社会联系。)”表示：思考生活中最重要的事情:家庭、朋友、更轻松的生活方式和社会关系。因此推断画线短语也是“思考”的意思。故选A。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Ourchildrenprobablyhavetheirownhomesandfamilies,inwhichyouareundoubtedlyanimportantpart.Youmayfeelalittlelostwithallthisundiscoveredfreedom.Butthetruthis,it’salmostlikegoingbacktothoseteenyears,withlimitlesspotentialforfunandenjoyment!Withtheworldatyourfingertipsonceagain,it’sanopportunitytoliveyourlifethewayyouwant.(我们的孩子可能有自己的家和家庭，你无疑是其中重要的一员。你可能会对所有这些未被发现的自由感到有点失落。但事实是，这几乎就像回到了那些青少年时代，充满了无限的乐趣和享受!世界再次触手可及，这是一个过自己想要的生活的机会。)”可知，50岁后，人们几乎没有家庭负担，并且有了自己的空闲时间去做自己喜欢的事情，因此许多人说50岁是一生中最好的时光。故选B。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Odysseycelebrateslife’sjourneyandaimstoprovideaffordablehigh-endpermanentlivingarrangements,withinacommunitysettingthatdeliversincreasinglevelsofcare.(Odyssey庆祝生命之旅，旨在提供负担得起的高端永久生活安排，在社区环境中提供更高水平的护理。)”可知，Odyssey提供高质量的服务，并且价格合理。故选D。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Odyssey’smodelisdrivenbyapeople-centredapproachthatplacesresidentsattheforefrontofallourdecisions,whichiswhywedecidedtoincorporateandinvestintechnologiesthatensurehealthandsafety.(Odyssey的模式是由以人为本的方法驱动的，将居民置于我们所有决策的最前沿，这就是为什么我们决定合并并投资于确保健康和安全的技术。)”中的we可推知，作者是Odyssey的员工。故选C。DCompanieshavebeenswitchingfrom,plasticstrawstopaperonesonthegroundsofbeingmoreenvironmentallyfriendly.However,newresearchsuggeststhegood-intentionedtrendmightnotbethebestalternativeafterall.ThestudyfoundthevastmajorityofpaperstrawstestedcontainedPFAS.Commonlyreferredtoas“foreverchemicals,”PFASdon’tbreakdowninthebodyorintheenvironment.“Strawsmadefromplant-basedmaterials,suchaspaperandbamboo,areoftenadvertisedasbeingmoresustainableandeco-friendlythanthosemadefromplastic,”saidThimoGroffen,authorofthestudy.“However,thepresenceofPFASinthesestrawsmeansthat’snotnecessarilytrue.”Researchersonthestudyexamined39brandsofstrawsinBelgiumfromsupermarkets,toystores,fast-foodchains,drugstoresande-commercestores.Thestrawswereeithermadeofpaper,bamboo;glass,stainlesssteelorplastic,andtheresearcherstestedeachbrandforconcentrationsofPFAS.69%ofthebrandscontainedPFAS,withpaperstrawsmorelikelytocontainthechemicals.Theresearchersfound90%ofpaperstrawshadPFAS,comparedto80%ofbamboostraws,75%ofplasticstraws,and40%ofglassstraws.Further,apaperstrawbrandwasthebrandwiththehighestPFASconcentration.SmallamountsofPFASdonotposearisk.However,abuild-upofthechemicalsinthebodymaycausedangeroushealthproblemslikeliverdamage,increasedblood“ThepresenceofPFASinpaperandbamboostrawsshowstheyarenotnecessarilybiodegradable(可生物降解的),”saidGroffen.“WedidnotdetectanyPFASinstainlesssteelstraws,soIwouldadviseconsumerstousethistypeofstraw—orjustavoidusingstrawsatall.”12.Whydocompaniesshowapreferenceforpaperstraws?A.Theyareconsideredmoreeconomical.B.Theyareconsideredlessharmfultotheenvironment.C.Theyareconsideredmorebeneficialtohealth.D.Theyareconsideredeasiertoproduce.13.WhatcanweknowaboutPFASfromthetext?A.Theyexisttheleastinplasticstraws. B.Theyprotectourhealtheffectively.C.Theyarebasicmaterialsforstraws. D.Theyareapotentialthreattohumanhealth.14.WhatdoesGroffenprobablyagreewith?A.Paperstrawswillbecomemorepopular. B.Weshoulduseglassstrawsmoreoften.C.We’dbetterdrinkwithoutusingstraws. D.Stainlesssteelstrawsshouldbeavoided.15.Whichofthefollowingservesasthebesttitle?A.PaperstrawsaremorelikelytocontainforeverchemicalsB.PaperstrawshaveentirelytakentheplaceofplasticstrawsC.Paperstrawshavecauseddangerous,healthproblemstohumansD.Paperstrawswillbecomethebestalternativeforusinthefuture【答案】12.B13.D14.C15.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍纸吸管作为塑料吸管的环保替代品正在全世界各地推广，但它可能含有对人类和环境都有害的“永久化学物质”PFAS，并且比塑料吸管样本更常见。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段第一句“Companieshavebeenswitchingfrom,plasticstrawstopaperonesonthegroundsofbeingmoreenvironmentallyfriendly.(公司已经从塑料吸管转向纸质吸管，理由是更环保。)

”可知，公司现在从生产塑料吸管转变到纸吸管是基于其更加的环保，即纸吸管被认为对环境的危害较小。故选B。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“ThestudyfoundthevastmajorityofpaperstrawstestedcontainedPFAS.Commonlyreferredtoas“foreverchemicals,”PFASdon’tbreakdowninthebodyorintheenvironment.(该研究发现，绝大多数被测试的纸吸管都含有PFAS。PFAS通常被称为‘永远的化学物质’，不会在体内或环境中分解。)”可知，PFAS是一种合成化学物质，通常是指有害的“永久化学物质”，它在人体内和自然环境中都不会分解；由倒数第二段“SmallamountsofPFASdonotposearisk.However,abuild-upofthechemicalsinthebodymaycausedangeroushealthproblemslikeliverdamage,increasedblood.(少量的PFAS不会造成风险。然而，体内化学物质的积累可能会导致危险的健康问题，如肝损伤，血液增加。)”可知，尽管少量的PFAS不会造成危险，但人体内PFAS的累积会带来严重的健康威胁；由此可知，PFAS对人类健康是个潜在威胁。故选D。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段““ThepresenceofPFASinpaperandbamboostrawsshowstheyarenotnecessarilybiodegradable(可生物降解的),”saidGroffen.“WedidnotdetectanyPFASinstainlesssteelstraws,soIwouldadviseconsumerstousethistypeofstraw—orjustavoidusingstrawsatall.”(‘纸和竹吸管中PFAS的存在表明它们不一定是可生物降解的。’Groffen说：‘我们没有在不锈钢吸管中检测到任何PFAS，所以我建议消费者使用这种吸管——或者干脆不要使用吸管。’)”可推知，Groffen会赞同消费者使用不锈钢吸管或者干脆避免使用吸管。故选C。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Companieshavebeenswitchingfrom,plasticstrawstopaperonesonthegroundsofbeingmoreenvironmentallyfriendly.However,newresearchsuggeststhegood-intentionedtrendmightnotbethebestalternativeafterall.(公司已经从塑料吸管转向纸质吸管，理由是更环保。然而，新的研究表明，这种善意的趋势可能并不是最好的选择。)”以及第二段“ThestudyfoundthevastmajorityofpaperstrawstestedcontainedPFAS.Commonlyreferredtoas“foreverchemicals,”PFASdon’tbreakdowninthebodyorintheenvironment.(该研究发现，绝大多数被测试的纸吸管都含有PFAS。PFAS通常被称为“永远的化学物质”，不会在体内或环境中分解。)”可知，纸吸管作为塑料吸管的环保替代品正在全世界各地推广，但它可能含有对人类和环境都有害的“永久化学物质”PFAS，并且比塑料吸管样本更常见；结合下文内容可知，本文主要阐述作为塑料吸管环保替代品的纸吸管更有可能含有永久性化学物质，A选项“Paperstrawsaremorelikelytocontainforeverchemicals(纸吸管更有可能含有永久性化学物质)”能够概括文章主旨，适合作为最佳标题。故选A。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Smalltalksaretheshortconversationswehaveatparties,atfamilyeventsoratwork.Thesesmalltalkscanopendoorsthatleadtolarger,moremeaningfulconversations.____16____.Herearesometipsforthemtoimprovetheirsmall-talkingability.Havesomeconversationstartersready.Ifyouhaveseenareallygoodmovieorhavereadareallygoodbook,youcantalkaboutthat.Youcanalsotalkaboutsomethingthatbothofyouareinterestedin.____17____,itwillbeaverygoodconversationstarter.Oryousimplynoticeandcommentonwhat’sgoingonaroundyou.Ifyouareatapartyandasongcomesonthatyoulikeorthatremindsyouofsomething,youcantalkaboutthat.____18____.Nobodyknowseverything.So,ifsomeonebringsupsomethingaboutwhichyouknownothing,justtellthem!Thisletstheotherpersonbecometheteacher.Theyfeelgoodaboutsharingtheirknowledgeandyougettolearnsomething.It’sawin-winsituation.Askopen-endedquestions.____19____.Ifyouaskquestionsthatneedmoredetailstoanswer,theconversationwillgoonlonger.Forexample,ifyouareatasummerpoolparty,don’taskapersoniftheylikesummer.____20____.A.BecomeastudentB.BeaknowledgeablepersonC.IfyoucanreachanagreementbeneficialtobothofyouD.However,manypeoplearenotgoodatsuchrandomchatsE.Instead,askthemwhattheylikeordislikeaboutsummerF.Thesetypesofquestionsrequiremorethanasingle-wordanswerG.Forexample,ifyouhavethesamehobbyorexperiencewithsomeone【答案】16.D17.G18.A19.F20.E【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了闲聊的重要性以及闲聊的一些建议。【16题详解】上文“Thesesmalltalkscanopendoorsthatleadtolarger,moremeaningfulconversations.(这些小谈话可以打开通往更大、更有意义对话的大门。)”说明小谈话有很多好处，与选项D“然而，许多人不擅长这种随意聊天”构成转折关系，同时引出下文“Herearesometipsforthemtoimprovetheirsmall-talkingability.(这里有一些建议可以帮助他们提高闲聊的能力。)”，D项符合题意。故选D项。【17题详解】下文“itwillbeaverygoodconversationstarter.(它是一个很好的谈话开始。)”说明它是一个很好的谈话开始的前提是双方有共同的话题。选项G“例如，如果你和某人有相同的爱好或经历”引出下文，是下文内容的条件。故选G项。【18题详解】下文“Nobodyknowseverything.So,ifsomeonebringsupsomethingaboutwhichyouknownothing,justtellthem!Thisletstheotherpersonbecometheteacher.(没有人知道一切。所以，如果有人提出了一些你一无所知的事情，就告诉他们吧！这让对方成为老师。)”说明如果自己有不知道的事情，让对方成为老师，自己就变成一名学生。选项A“成为一名学生”引出下文，是对下文的概括，为本段的主题句。故选A项。【19题详解】上文“Askopen-endedquestions.(问开放式的问题。)”说明提出开放性的问题，这种问题的答案不止一个词，选项F“这些类型的问题需要的答案不止一个词”呼应上文开放性问题，是对上文的进一步解释。故选F项。【20题详解】上文“Askopen-endedquestions.(问开放式的问题。)”以及“Forexample,ifyouareatasummerpoolparty,don’taskapersoniftheylikesummer.(例如，如果你在一个夏季泳池派对上，不要问一个人是否喜欢夏天。)”说明在夏季泳池派对上，不要问别人是否喜欢夏天这样的问题，而是要问开放性的问题。选项E“而是问他们喜欢或不喜欢夏天的什么”呼应上文，是对上文的进一步补充。故选E项。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Bythetimehewas24yearsold,ImranNuriquithisjobinaboldmove,andemptiedhissavingsaccounttocarryoutanambitious____21____he’dbeenbearinginmind.Nuriwoulddrivehiscartoeverystateona100-daytriptofind1,000____22____andaskthemtoshareonethingtheywishthey’d____23____whentheywereyounger.Nuriwashopingforanswersthatmighthelphim____24____therestofhislife.He____25____.Buttohisshock,hechosea____26____personforthefirsttime.Hemetaman,whohadadarklookatNuri.Nurithoughtthemanwasgoingto____27____him.Then,doingthemost____28____thinghe’ddone,heintroducedhimself,“I’m____29____aroundthecountrytotalkto1,000unfamiliarpeople.I’maskingthemforpiecesoflifeadviceaboutthingstheywishtheyknew_____30_____.”Themanremainedsilentforaminuteorsoand_____31_____said,“Weshouldspendmoretimewithourfamily.”InColoradoSprings,Colorado,amaninhis50swhohadstage4terminalcancertoldNuri,“Lifeisaboutthehuman_____32_____.Therewouldbenolifewithoutsocialinteractions.”InTillamook,Oregon,awaitress—acollegestudent—toldhim,“Whetherit’schangingyourmajororchangingyourwholelifepath,youdon’thaveto_____33_____yourselffortakingastepbackandreevaluatingyourpastchoices.Justdowhatyouthinktoberight.”Nurifoundbeautyineveryplaceaswellas_____34_____fromthepeoplehemet.Thosepeopletaughtalot.Nowhealwaysputshimselfinotherpeople’sshoesevenwhenaperson_____35_____theworlddifferently.21.A.plan B.policy C.initiative D.trick22.A.acquaintances B.residents C.strangers D.peers23.A.embraced B.inquired C.misunderstood D.known24.A.picture B.navigate C.describe D.interpret25.A.crackedup B.backedaway C.setout D.knockedoff26.A.generous B.wrong C.pleasant D.selfish27.A.dismiss B.accompany C.consult D.beat28.A.courageous B.stupid C.unforgettable D.glorious29.A.sailing B.hiking C.driving D.wandering30.A.occasionally B.permanently C.later D.earlier31.A.finally B.excitedly C.instantly D.hesitantly32.A.potential B.nature C.connection D.competition33.A.admire B.reward C.forgive D.fault34.A.wisdom B.fortune C.confidence D.perseverance35.A.changes B.sees C.creates D.travels【答案】21.A22.C23.D24.B25.C26.B27.D28.A29.C30.D31.A32.C33.D34.A35.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了ImranNuri为了寻找生活智慧而进行的100天找寻1000人的旅程，并详细记录了他与不同人物之间的对话和他们的建议。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在24岁时，ImranNuri勇敢地辞去了工作，并掏空了储蓄账户来实现一个他一直铭记在心的宏伟计划。A.plan计划；B.policy政策；C.initiative倡议、首创精神；D.trick诡计。根据上文“ImranNuriquithisjobinaboldmove,andemptiedhissavingsaccount”以及空后的“he’dbeenbearinginmind”可知，这件事是Nuri规划已久的，是一个宏伟的计划。故选A。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Nuri将驾驶他的汽车进行为期100天的旅行，前往美国的每一个州，寻找1000名陌生人，并请他们分享一件他们希望自己年轻时就知道的事情。A.acquaintances结识；B.residents居民；C.strangers陌生人；D.peers同伴。根据下文“I’m____9____aroundthecountrytotalkto1,000unfamiliarpeople.”可知，他想找寻1000个陌生人分享自己的人生智慧。故选C。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Nuri将驾驶他的汽车进行为期100天的旅行，前往美国的每一个州，寻找1000名陌生人，并请他们分享一件他们希望自己年轻时就知道的事情。A.embraced拥抱；B.inquired询问；C.misunderstood误解；D.known知道。根据下文“I’maskingthemforpiecesoflifeadviceaboutthingstheywishtheyknew____10____.”可知，Nuri希望这些陌生人能够分享一些年轻时就能知道的故事。故选D。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：希望能找到有助于他规划余生的答案。A.picture描绘；B.navigate航行、规划；C.describe描述；D.interpret口译。根据下文“Thosepeopletaughtalot.”可知，Nuri希望这些人的答案能够帮助他规划自己的未来，而他也确实学到了很多。故选B。【25题详解】考