2014年电子科技大学考研专业课试题翻译硕士英语

电子科技大学

2014年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题

考试科目：211翻译硕士英语

注：无机读卡，所有答案必须写在答题纸上，写在试卷或草稿纸上均无效。

PartIGrammar&Vocabulary(1x30=30points)

Therearethirtysentencesinthissection.Beneatheachsentencetherearefourwordsorphrases

markedA),B),C)andD).Pleasechoosethecorrectanswerthatbestcompletesthesentenceand

markyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.

1.Whentraveling,youareadvisedtotaketravelerschecks,whichprovideasecure_______to

carryingyourmoneyincash.

A)substituteB)selectionC)preferenceD)alternative

2.Weshouldmaintainourcultural_____,whichrepresentsthedeepmemoryofournation.

A)legacyB)tendencyC)agencyD)fancy

3.Themountaintopwas_____visibleinthemistysummermorning.

A)blanklyB)dimlyC)obscurelyD)blurredly

4.Thetwocountrieshave__________friendlyrelationsformanyyears.

A)retainedB)sustainedC)maintainedD)remained

5.Hardworkcan_____yoursuccessinlearningaforeignlanguage.

A)assureB)promiseC)warrantD)guarantee

6.Passengershavetopay__________chargesfortheirextraluggage.

A)respectiveB)confidentialC)additionalD)sufficient

7.ThecompanyexpandeditsbusinessintoEurope,hopingto_____itsmarketshare.

A)accelerateB)encourageC)urgeD)boost

8.The_____fromAfrica’sboomingoilsalesrarelyreachesthepeoplewholivewheretheoilis

produced.

A)revenueB)currencyC)tariffD)exchange

共11页第1页

9.Harnessingthewindto_____electricitydatesbackto1890.

A)manufactureB)generateC)growD)yield

10.Luckily,therewerenosecondaryinfectionsandbothofthepatients_____.

A)livedB)revivedC)survivedD)existed

11.Itmadehimuncomfortableto_____hisplanandthinkofsomethingnew.

A)switchB)transferC)shiftD)alter

12.Nuclearweaponsarenottheonlyexplosiveforce_____civilization.

A)threateningB)frighteningC)strengtheningD)brightening

13.Studycanhelpuslookintothefutureand_____confusedthinking.

A)notifyB)clarifyC)simplifyD)justify

14.Thosewho_____trafficregulationsshouldbepunished.

A)abuseB)rotateC)violateD)degrade

15.Computersareemployedtoprocesscensusdataandto_____suchfinancialbusinessas

collectingtaxes.

A)falsifyB)fabricateC)fortifyD)facilitate

16.Inordertoboostmorale,businessestryeveryefforttofindwaysto_____bothindividualand

teamperformance.

A)celebrateB)acclaimC)rewardD)award

17.Fertilizer,naturalsubstanceormixtureisusedto_____soilsoastopromoteplantgrowth.

A)enactB)enlargeC)encloseD)enrich

18.Thepresidentsaysthatwearelookingforwaysto_____ourcompetitors.

A)outperformB)outweighC)outgrowD)outcry

19.Thereisastrong_____thatthematterwillsoonbesettled.

A)livelihoodB)likelihoodC)singlehoodD)manhood

20.The_____younghopefulswerepushedasideinthescrambleforjobs.

A)prematureB)respectedC)inexperiencedD)distinguished

21.____beforewedepartthedayaftertomorrow,weshouldhaveawonderfuldinnerparty.

A)HadtheyarrivedB)WouldtheyarriveC)WeretheyarrivingD)Weretheytoarrive

共11页第2页

22.____mancannowcreateradioactiveelements,thereisnothinghecandotoreducetheir

radioactivity.

A)AsB)WhetherC)WhileD)Nowthat

23.____oftheburdenofice,theballoonclimbedupanddriftedtotheSouth.

A)TobefreeB)TofreeC)FreeingD)Freed

24.____theadvancesofthescience,thediscomfortsofoldagewillnodoubtalwaysbewithus.

A)AsforB)DespiteC)ExceptD)Besides

25.____theclaimaboutGermaneconomicmight,itissomewhatsurprisinghowrelativelysmall

theGermaneconomyactuallyis.

A)TogiveB)GivenC)GivingD)Havinggiven

26.____,amanwhoexpresseshimselfeffectivelyissuretosucceedmorerapidlythanaman

whosecommandoflanguageispoor.

A)OtherthingsbeingequalB)Wereotherthingsequal

C)TobeequaltootherthingsD)Otherthingstobeequal

27.____,hedoesnotloveher.

A)AshelikesherverymuchB)Thoughmuchhelikesher

C)MuchalthoughhelikesherD)Muchthoughhelikesher

28.Theboarddeemedit’surgentthattheseinvitations____firstthingtomorrowmorning.

A)hadtobeputinthemailB)mustbeputinthemail

C)beputinthemailD)shouldhavebeenputinthemail

29.I____himtheChristmasgiftbymailbecausehecamehomeduringtheChristmasholidays.

A)oughttohavesentB)couldn’thavesent

C)musthavesentD)needn’thavesent

30.Physicsisthepresentdayequivalentof____usedtobecallednaturalphilosophy,from____

mostofpresentdaysciencearose.

A)which,whatB)that,which

C)what,whichD)what,that

PartIIReadingComprehension(1.5x20+2x5=40Points)

Inthissectiontherearefivereadingpassagesfollowedbyatotalof20multiple-choicequestions

and5shortanswerquestions.Pleasereadthepassagesandthenwriteyouranswersonthe

ANSWERSHEET.

共11页第3页

TEXTA

Television—themostpervasiveandpersuasiveofmoderntechnologies,markedbyrapid

changeandgrowth—ismovingintoanewera,aneraofextraordinarysophisticationandversatility,

whichpromisestoreshapeourlivesandourworld.Itisanelectronicrevolutionofsorts,made

possiblebythemarriageoftelevisionandcomputertechnologies.

Theword“television”,derivedfromitsGreek(tele:distant)andLatin(vision:sight)roots,

canliterallybeinterpretedassightfromdistance.Verysimplyput,itworksinthisway:througha

sophisticatedsystemofelectronics,televisionprovidesthecapabilityofconvertinganimage

(focusedonaspecialphoto-conductiveplatewithinacamera)intoelectronicimpulses,whichcanbe

sentthroughawireofcable.Theseimpulses,whenfedintoareceiver(televisionset),canthenbe

electronicallyreconstitutedintothatsameimage.

Televisionismorethanjustanelectronicsystem,however.Itisameansofexpression,aswell

asavehicleforcommunication,andassuchbecomesapowerfultoolforreachingotherhuman

beings.

Thefieldoftelevisioncanbedividedintotwocategoriesdeterminedbyitsmeansof

transmission.First,thereisbroadcasttelevision,whichreachesthemassesthroughbroad-based

airwavetransmissionoftelevisionsignals.Second,thereisnon-broadcasttelevision,whichprovides

fortheneedsofindividualsorspecificinterestgroupsthroughcontrolledtransmissiontechniques.

Traditionally,televisionhasbeenamediumofthemasses.Wearemostfamiliarwith

broadcasttelevisionbecauseithasbeenwithusforthirty-sevenyearsinaformsimilartowhat

existstoday.Duringthoseyears,ithasbeencontrolled,forthemostpart,bythebroadcastnetworks,

ABC,NBC,andCBS,whohavebeenthemajorpurveyorsofnews,information,andentertainment.

Thesegiantsofbroadcastinghavenotonlyshapedtelevisionbutourperceptionaswell.Wehave

cometolookuponthepicturetubeasasourceofentertainment,placingourroleinthisdynamic

mediumasthepassiveviewer.

31.Withwhichtopicisthepassageprimarilyconcerned?

A)Recentchangesinmoderntechnology.

B)Theroleoftelevisionintoday’ssociety.

C)Themarriageofbroadcastinggiants.

D)Thecontentofbroadcasttelevisionprograms.

32.Whatistheliteralmeaningoftheword“television”?

A)Sightfromdistance.B)Mediumofthemasses.

C)Airwavetransmission.D)Vehicleforcommunication.

33.Whichofthefollowingisnotmentionedinthepassageasafunctionofelectronicsin

televisiontransmissions?

A)Theconversionofimageintoelectronicimpulses.

B)Thechangingofoneimageintoanotherimage.

C)Thesendingofimpulsesthroughawirecable.

共11页第4页

D)Thefeedingofimpulsesintoareceiver.

34.Whatfieldoftelevisionisintendedforspecificgroups?

A)Broad-basedB)ReconstitutedC)Non-broadcastD)Traditional

35.Whichofthefollowingstatementsabouttherelationshipbetweenthetelevisionandits

viewerscanbeinferredfromthepassage?

A)Viewershavegrowntiredoftelevision.

B)Viewerswouldpreferincreasednewscoverage.

C)Viewersliketousetelevisiontoreachotherhumanbeings.

D)Viewersdonottakeanactiveroleinwatchingtelevision.

TEXTB

Accordingtosomeindividuals,ifyourhouseisbuiltintherightposition,thismayaffectyour

successinlife,whichseemsstrangetomanypeople.However,tobelieversinFeng-Shui,ortheart

ofgeomancy,notonlythepositionbutalsothechoiceofdecorationsandeventhecolorofyour

homecanmeanthedifferencebetweengoodfortuneanddisaster.Thisarthasbeenpracticedfor

centuriesinChinaandisstillusedalloverSouthEastAsia.EventhehugeHongKongbankscallin

ageomantiftheyareplanningtobuildnewoffices.Theyhavesuchfaithinhisknowledgethatifhe

advisesthemtomove,theywillaltertheirplansforeventheirbiggestbuildings.

LikemanyOrientalbeliefsthegeomant'sskilldependsontheideaofharmonyinnature.If

thereisnoimbalancebetweentheopposingforcesofYinandYang,thebuildingwillbringluckto

itsinhabitants.Thismeansthatthehousemustbebuiltontherightspotaswellasfacingtheright

direction,andalsobepaintedanauspiciouscolor.Forinstance,iftherearemountainstothenorth,

thiswillprotectthemfromevilinfluences.Ifthehouseispaintedred,thiswillbringhappinesstothe

occupantswhilegreensymbolizesyouthandwillbringlonglife.Otherfactors,suchastheowner's

timeanddateofbirth,aretakenintoaccount,too.Thegeomantbelievesthatunlessalltheseare

consideredwhenchoosingasiteforconstruction,thefortuneofthepeopleusingitwillbeatrisk.

Indeed,toignorethegeomant'sadvicecanhavefatalresults.Thedeathoftheinternationally

famousKung-Fustar,BruceeLee,hasbeenusedasanexample.ItissaidthatwhenLeefoundout

thatthehousehewaslivinginwasanunluckyone,hefollowedageomant'sadviceandinstalledan

eight-sidedmirroroutsidehisfrontdoortobringhimluck.Unfortunately,astormdamagedthe

mirrorandthehousewasleftunprotectedfromharmfulinfluences.SoonafterwardsLeediedin

mysteriouscircumstances.

NotonlyisFeng-ShuistillusedinSouthEastAsia,butithasalsospreadrightacrossthe

world.EveninmodernNewYorkasuccessfulcommercialartistcalledMiltonGlaserhasfoundit

useful.Hewassodesperateafterhisofficewasbrokenintosixtimesthatheconsultedageomant.

Hewastoldtoinstallafishtankwithsixblackfishandfixaredclocktotheceiling.Sincethenhe

hasnotbeenburglarizedonce.Itmayseemanincrediblestory,butnoothersuitableexplanationhas

beenoffered.

共11页第5页

36.FromthepassagewecaninferthatFeng-ShuiisNOTusedin______.

A)HongKong

B)theUnitedStates

C)Japan

D)Thailand

37.Geomantsbelievethat______.

A)housesmustonlybepaintedred

B)housesmustfacemountains

C)natureandlifeshouldbeinharmony

D)greenisanunluckycolor

38.GeomantsthinkthatthereasonforBruceLee'sdeathisthat______.

A)hedidn'tfollowthegeomants'advice

B)heinstalledaneight-sidedmirror

C)hemisunderstoodthegeomant'sadvice

D)astormdamagedtheprotectionforhishouse

39.ThestoryofMiltonGlasershowsthat______.

A)colorsarenotimportantingeomancy

B)geomancyisusedbyartists

C)geomancyisusedintheWest

D)thefightagainstcrimeisbeingwon

40.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesgeomancy?

A)ItisastyleofOrientaldecoration.

B)Itisatypeofpainting.

C)ItisanancientChinesebeliefcalledFeng-Shui.

D)Itisanarchitecturaldesign.

TEXTC

Foraboutthreecenturieswehavebeendoingscience,tryingscienceout,usingscienceforthe

constructionofwhatwecallmoderncivilization.Everydispensableitemofcontemporary

technology,fromcanallockstodialtelephonestopenicillin,waspiecedtogetherfromtheanalysis

ofdataprovidedbyoneoranotherseriesofscientificexperiments.Threehundredyearsseemsa

longtimefortestinganewapproachtohumaninter-living,longenoughtosetbackforcritical

appraisalofthescientificmethod,maybeevenlongenoughtovoteonwhethertogoonwithitor

not.Thereisanargument.

Voiceshavebeenraisedinprotestsincethebeginning,risinginpitchandviolenceinthe

共11页第6页

nineteenthcenturyduringtheearlystagesoftheindustrialrevolution,summoningurgentcrowds

intothestreetsontheissueofnuclearenergy."Giveitback,"saysomeofthevoices,"Itdoesn't

reallywork,we'vetrieditanditdoesn'twork.Gobackthreehundredyearsandstartagainon

somethingelselesschancyfortheraceofman."

Theprinciplediscoveriesinthiscentury,takingallinall,aretheglimpsesofthedepthofour

ignoranceofnature.Thingsthatusedtoseemclearandrational,andmattersofabsolute

certainty-Newtonianmechanics,forexample-haveslippedthroughourfingers;andweareleftwitha

newsetofgiganticpuzzles,cosmicuncertainties,andambiguities.Someofthelawsofphysicsare

amendedeveryfewyears;somearecanceledoutright;someundergorevisedversionsoflegislative

intentasiftheywereactsofCongress.

JustthirtyyearsagowecallitabiologicalrevolutionwhenthefantasticgeometryoftheDNA

moleculewasexposedtopublicviewandthelinearlanguageofgeneticswasdecoded.Forawhile,

thingsseemedsimpleandclear:thecellwasaneatlittlemachine,amechanicaldevicereadyfor

takingtopiecesandreassembling,likeatinywatch.Butjustinthelastfewyearsithasbecome

almostunbelievablycomplex,filledwithstrangepartswhosefunctionsarebeyondtoday's

imagining.

Itisnotjustthatthereismoretodo,thereiseverythingtodo.Whatliesahead,orwhatcanlie

aheadiftheeffortsinbasicresearcharecontinued,ismuchmorethantheconquestofhumandisease

ortheimprovementofagriculturaltechnologyorthecultivationofnutrientsinthesea.Aswelearn

moreaboutfundamentalprocessesoflivingthingsingeneralwewilllearnmoreaboutourselves.

41.WhatCANNOTbeinferredfromthefirstparagraph?

A)Scientificexperimentsinthepastthreehundredyearshaveproducedmanyvaluable

items.

B)Forthreehundredyearstherehavebeenpeopleholdingahostileattitudetoward

science.

C)Moderncivilizationdependsonsciencesomansupportsscientificprogress

unanimously.

D)Somepeoplethinkthreehundredyearsisnotlongenoughtosetbackforcritical

appraisalofscientificmethod.

42.Theprinciplediscoveryinthiscenturyshows________.

A)manhasoverthrownNewton'slawsofphysics

B)manhassolvedanewsetofgiganticpuzzles

C)manhaslostmanyscientificdiscoveries

D)manhasgivenupsomeoftheonceacceptedtheories

43.Nowscientistshavefoundinthepastfewyears________.

A)theexposureofDNAtothepublicisunnecessary

B)thetinycellinDNAisaneatlittlemachine

C)manknowsnothingaboutDNA

共11页第7页

D)manhasmuchtolearnaboutDNA

44.Thewriter'smainpurposeinwritingthepassageistosaythat________.

A)scienceisjustatitsbeginning

B)sciencehasgreatlyimprovedman'slife

C)sciencehasmadeprofoundprogress

D)sciencehasdonetoolittletohumanbeings

45.Thewriter'sattitudetowardsscienceis________.

A)criticalB)approvingC)neutralD)regretful

TEXTD

Allsocietieshavedistinctroleexpectationsformenandforwomen.IntheUnitedStatesthese

expectationshavebeenundergoingchangeformanydecades.TodayAmericansliveinaworldof

diversefamilypatternsandconflictingimagesofideallifestylesformenandwomen.The

conventionalnormsofthefirsthalfcenturydefinedasuccessfulwomanasawifeandmotherwho

stayedhometocarryoutafullarrayofhouseholdduties.Thehusbandandfatherwasexpectedto

stayawayfromthehomemostoftheday,earningenoughmoneytopaythebills.Manyadultsstill

livebytheseexpectations,butthetraditionalpatternisnolongerheldupasanidealtobefollowed

byeveryone.

Timeshavechanged;thereisnoreturntoyesterday.Althoughthewomen’smovementand

politicalcontroversiesaboutsuchissuesandtheEqualRightsAmendmentandsexualharassment

suggestthatchangingsexrolesisarecentissue,thisisfarfromthecase.Broadtrendscanbe

identifiedoverthepasthundredyears.Womenhaveincreasedtheirparticipationinthelaborforce

from18%in1900toover50%today,andtheygivebirthtofewerchildrenthanwomendidinthe

past.

Thesetwotrends–increasingparticipationinthelaborforceanddecreasingfamilysize–

suggestthatmajorlong-termchangeshaverestructuredtheroleexpectationsofmenandwomen.

Thesechangesarecomplex.Thefactthatmorewomenarejoiningthelaborforceasfull-time

workersdoesnotmeanthatasinglesexrolepatternisemerging.

Onthecontrary,wearelivinginaperiodofdiversefamilypatterns.AccordingtoKathleen

Gerson,“thedomesticwomanwhobuildsherlifearoundchildrenandhomemakingpersists,butshe

nowco-existswithagrowingnumberofworkingmothersandpermanentlychildlesswomen.”

Womentodayfacehardchoicesastheymakedecisionsaboutwork,career,andmotherhood.Despite

women’sliberation,womenstillearnlessthanmenintheworkplaceandarestillexpectedtodo

mostoftheworkinthehome.Womenworksubstantiallymorehourseachweekinthehomeandat

theworkplacethanmendo.Womenareworkingharderthanever,yetmanydonotenjoythebenefits

offullequality.

共11页第8页

46.Thetraditionalrolesformenandwomen___.

A)arediverse

B)areconflicting

C)havebeenchanging

D)arenolongerfollowed

47.Changingsexrolesisnotarecentissuebecause___.

A)womenhaveincreasedtheirparticipationinthelaborforceoverthepasthundred

years

B)moreandmorewomenarebecomingworkingmothersorchildlesswomen

C)theconventionalimageofwomenhaschangedbeyondrecognition

D)peoplehavechangedtheirexpectationsofwomeninmodernsociety

48.Thefactthatmorewomenarejoiningthelaborforceasfulltimeworkersmeanthat___.

A)womenarebecomingmoreindependent

B)thefamilypatternsarebecomingdiverse

C)asingle-rolepatternisemerging

D)womenareeagertowork

49.It’sstatedinthelastparagraphthat___.

A)womentodaystillsufferfrominequalityinworkandlife

B)women’sliberationhaspromotedtheirsocialstatus

C)thesocietyexpectsmorefromwomenthanfrommen

D)womenaremorecapableanddiligentthanmen

50.Accordingtothispassage,thestatementwhichisNOTtrueis___.

A)manypeoplestillfollowtheconventionalnormsoflifestyle

B)womentodaygivebirthtofewerchildrenthanwomeninthepast

C)moreandmorewomenchoosetoworkratherthantobehousewives

D)mendoasmuchdomesticworkaswomendoathome

TEXTE

ConsumersaretobepresentedwithtworivalnewyearadvertisingcampaignsastheFood

StandardsAgencygoespublicinitsbattlewiththeindustryoverthelabellingofunhealthyfoods.

TheGuardianhaslearnedthattheFSAwilllaunchaseriesof10-secondtelevisionadvertsin

Januarytellingshoppershowtofollowared,amberandgreentrafficlightlabellingsystemonthe

frontoffoodpacks,whichisdesignedtotackleBritain'sobesityepidemic.

Thecampaignisadirectresponsetoaconcertedattemptbyleadingfoodmanufacturersand

retailers,includingKellogg'sandTesco,toderailthesystem.Theindustryfearsthattrafficlights

woulddemoniseentirecategoriesoffoodsandcouldseriouslydamagethemarketforthosethatare

共11页第9页

fatty,saltyorhighinsugar.

TheUKmarketforbreakfastcerealsisworth￡1.27bnayearandthemanufacturersfearit

willbeseverelydentedifredlightlabelsareputonpackagingdrawingattentiontothefactthatthe

majorityarehighinsaltand/orsugar.

Theindustryisplanningamajormarketingcampaignforacompetinglabellingsystemwhich

avoidscolour-codinginfavourofinformationaboutthepercentageof“guidelinedaily

amounts”(GDAs)offat,saltandsugarcontainedintheirproducts.

Thebattleforthenation’sdietcomesasnewrulesontelevisionadvertisingcomeintoforcein

Januarywhichwillbaradvertsforunhealthyfoodsfromcommercialbreaksduringprogrammes

aimedatchildren.SourcesattheTVregulatorsarebracedforalegalchallengefromtheindustry

andhavedescribedthelobbyingeffortstoblockanynewadbanorcolour-codedlabellingas“the

mostferociouswe'veeverexperienced”.

Ofcom'schiefexecutive,EdRichards,said:“Wearepreparedtofaceuptoanylegalaction

fromtheindustry,butweverymuchhopeitwillnotbenecessary.”TheFSAsaiditwasexpectingan

onslaughtfromtheindustryinJanuary.SeniorFSAofficialssaidthemanufacturers'effortsto

undermineitsproposalsonlabellingcouldthreatentheagency'scredibility.

TerrenceCollis,FSAdirectorofcommunications,dismissedclaimsthattheproposalswere

notbasedonscience.“WehavesomeofthemostrespectedscientistsinEurope,bothwithintheFSA

andinourindependentadvisorycommittees.Itisun