2021年高考英语一轮总复习必修1 Unit 4 Earthquakes-B卷

必修1Unit4Earthquakes（B卷）滚动提升检测(全卷共四大题，满分100分。请在40分钟内完成)班级____________学号____________姓名____________得分____________一、阅读理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项。(共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分)AIn1989an8.2earthquakealmostflattenedAmerica,killingover30,000peopleinlessthanfourminutes.Inthemidstofutterdestructionandchaos,afatherlefthiswifesafelyathomeandrushedtotheschoolwherehissonwassupposedtobe,onlytodiscoverthatthebuildingwasasflatasapancake.Aftertheunforgettablyinitialshock,herememberedthepromisehehadmadetohisson:“Nomatterwhat,I’llalwaysbethereforyou!”Andtearsbegantofillhiseyes.Ashelookedatthepileofruinsthatoncewastheschool,itlookedhopeless,buthekeptrememberinghiscommitmenttohisson.Hebegantodirecthisattentiontowardswherehewalkedhissontoclassatschooleachmorning.Rememberinghisson’sclassroomwouldbeinthebackrightcornerofthebuilding,herushedthereandstarteddiggingthroughtheruins.Ashewasdigging,otherhelplessparentsarrived,crying:“Myson!”“Mydaughter!”Otherwell-meaningparentstriedtopullhimoffwhatwasleftoftheschool,saying:“It’stoolate!They’realldead!Youcan’thelp!Gohome!Comeon,facereality,there’snothingyoucando!”Toeachparentherespondedwithoneline:“Areyougoingtohelpmenow?”Andthenhecontinuedtodigforhisson,stonebystone.Thefirechiefshowedupandtriedtopullhimofftheschool’sruinssaying,“Firesarebreakingout,explosionsarehappeningeverywhere.You’reindanger.We’lltakecareofit.Gohome.”Towhichhereplied,“Areyougoingtohelpmenow?”Thencamethepolice,butthefatherrepeatedthesameline,“Areyougoingtohelpmenow?”Noonehelped.Courageouslyhewentonalonebecauseheneededtoknowforhimself:“Ismyboyaliveorishedead?”Hedugfor8hours12hours24hours36hours.Theninthe38thhour,hepulledbackalargestoneandheardhisson’svoice.Hescreamedhisson’sname,“ARMAND!”Heheardback,“Dad!It’sme,Dad!Itoldtheotherkidsnottoworry.Itoldthemthatifyouwerealive,you’dsavemeandwhenyousavedme,they’dbesaved.Youpromised,nomatterwhathappens,You’llalwaysbethereforme!Youdidit,Dad!”1.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Over30,000peoplewerekilledintheinitialshock.B.MostofthebuildingsinAmericaweredestroyed.C.Theearthquakeonlylastedforfourminutes.D.Theearthquakeleftthecityinchaos.2.Theunderlinedword“commitment”inParagraph2probablymeans__________.A.devotion B.admissionC.promise D.mission3.Fromthelastparagraphwecaninfer__________.A.Thefatherfoundhissonaliveinthe38thhourB.ThesonisbraveandbelievesinhisfatherC.ArmandandotherkidswerealltrappedundertheruinsD.Thefatherwentondiggingallbyhimself4.What’smostlikelytobediscussedintheparagraphthatfollows?A.Appreciationfromtheparentswhosechildrenweresaved.B.Howtosavethekidsundertheruins.C.Thehappyreunionbetweenfatherandson.D.Thegreatlosstheearthquakeresultedinfortheschool.5.Thepurposeofwritingthetextisto__________.A.reportadestructiveearthquakeinAmericanhistoryB.emphasizethegreatlossresultingfromtheearthquakeC.praiseafatherwhomanagedtosavehissonduringearthquakeD.educatepeoplenottogiveupeasilywhenindifficulty[助读词汇]flattenvt.使平坦；摧毁utteradj.完全的；彻底的chaosn.混乱initialadj.最初的commitmentn.承诺courageouslyadv.勇敢地showup出现BWhatisthegreatestthreattomankind?Maybedifferentpeoplecomeupwithdifferentanswers.However,thereisnodenyingthefactthattheonlythreattohumankind,apartfromhumankinditself,is,withoutanydoubt,thenature.Naturaldisastersaretheresultofnaturalenvironmentalprocessesthathaveadamagingeffectonpeople.Naturaldisasterscancomeinmanyforms:suchasgeologicaleventslikeearthquakes,tsunamisormud-rockflows,climaticeventslikestorms,hurricanesortornadoesandfireeventslikeforestfiresandwildfires.Thedamagedonebynaturaldisastersismainlyasaresultofourinabilitytopredictexactlywhentheywillhappen.Althoughgreatprogresshasbeenmadeindesigninganddevelopingforecastingmodelsforsomenaturaldisasters,completecertaintyisstillimpossible.Eventobepessimistic,thereisapossibilitythathumanbeingswillneverachieveaccuratepredictionofthehappeningofallnaturaldisasters.What’smore,eventhoughwewereabletopredictthesedisastersfromnature,preventingthemisequallyimpossible.Soweonlyhavetwowaystobothpreventinjuriesordeathsandreduceeconomiclossestotheleast.Thesetwomethodsaretopreparebeforeanaturaldisastercomestohit,andtomanagethenecessaryresourcesandpublicservicesafteranaturaldisasterstrikes.Thesetwothingshavealwaysbeenattheleadingpositionoftheprojectsofbothnationalgovernmentsandinternationalorganizations.IntheUnitedStates,theFederalEmergencyManagementAgency(FEMA)isresponsibleforthe“preparedness,responseandrecoveryplanning”ofbothman-madeandnaturaldisasters.Mostnaturaldisasterscannotbeprevented,andbothemergencypreparationandgooddisastermanagementarethebestwaystodealwiththem.Althoughnaturaleventsmayappeartoservenopurposebutsimplytopunishanddestroy,naturaldisasters,aperfectsymbolofthegreatpowerofthenature,aredisplayofourplanet’sevolutionanditsstateofchange.1.Accordingtothepassage,bothhumankindandnature_________.A.canbemanagedorderlyB.canthreatenhumanbeingsC.arehardtocontrolD.havealargefamily2.Whichcan’tberegardedasasimilaritybetweentornadoesandearthquakes?A.Theycannotbeprevented.B.Theyarebothgeologicalevents.C.Theyareboththeresultofnaturalenvironmentalprocesses.D.Theycausedamagetopeople.3.Thereasonwhynaturaldisasterscausesomuchdamageisthat_________.A.itisverydifficulttopredictwhenexactlytheywillhappenB.ourforecastingequipmentistoooldformanynaturaldisastersC.wedon’tdoenoughpreparationbeforenaturaldisastersstrikeD.wedon’thavethenecessarypublicservicestouseafternaturaldisastersstrike4.Itmaybeconcludedfromthepassagethat_________.A.naturaldisasterscannotbepredictedatallB.humanbeingsarepessimistictothefutureC.beingwell-preparedcanavoideconomiclossesD.goodpreparationanddisastermanagementareadvisable5.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.asymbolofthepowerofnatureB.thegreatestthreattomankindC.NaturaldisastersandmankindD.reducelossestotheleast[助读词汇]geologicaladj.地质的climaticadj.气候的strikevt.袭击displayn.显示；表现evolutionn.进化；演变forecastingmodel预测模型tobepessimistic悲观地说accurateprediction准确预测leadingposition首要地位appearto似乎servenopurpose没有用reduceeconomiclossestotheleast把经济损失减到最少二、完形填空阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。(共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分)Whatshouldonedoina(n)1?Unlikeatornadoorhurricane,thereisnoknownwayof2anearthquake.Thoughabout500,000earthquakes3eachyearintheworld,only100ofthemcause4!However,anearthquakecanstrikeanytimeofthedayor5,soitneedstobepreparedforwhenyouhavethe6ofbeingcaughtinthemiddleofone.Ifyouare7,stayindoors,unlessyouareonthegroundfloor,whereyoucan8runoutside.Thebestthingtodoifyouareindoorsistohideundera(n)9pieceoffurniturelikeabedordesk.Donotheadforthe10ifyouarelivingonanupperstorey,becausestairwayscancollapse.Ifyou’re11,getoutoftrafficandstoponawideand12road.Donot13onabridge,orinanothercase,underone.Stayinsideyour14untiltheshakingstops.Beforeyourestartdriving,lookoutforfissures(裂纹),breaksintheroad,andbumpsorcracks.Insideyourhome,becarefulnotto15thegasuntilyouaresurethecylinder(煤气罐)is16,andthereisnoleak.Avoidusingyourtelephoneunlessthereisa(n)17.Youcouldbe18linesthatareneededbyotherpeople.Lastly,ifyouarenottrappedor19hurt,donotexpectfirefighters,armyorpolicetohelpyou.Theymaybebusy20peopleingreaterneedthanyou!1.A.earthquakeB.disasterC.shelterD.trap2.A.destroyingB.predictingC.crackingD.judging3.A.riseB.sinkC.burstD.occur4.A.eventB.dirtC.shockD.damage5.A.duskB.noonC.nightD.dawn6.A.misfortuneB.mistakeC.misuseD.misjudgment7.A.outdoorsB.abroadC.indoorsD.upstairs8.A.extremelyB.easilyC.sincerelyD.hardly9.A.thinB.dirtyC.smellyD.strong10.A.toiletB.bedroomC.stairwayD.kitchen11.A.sufferingB.rescuingC.drivingD.walking12.A.openB.narrowC.steepD.bright13.A.injureB.shockC.buryD.stop14.A.mineB.carC.expressD.track15.A.turnoffB.digoutC.giveinD.turnon16.A.safeB.injuredC.availableD.dangerous17.A.survivalB.damC.emergencyD.damage18.A.frighteningB.occupyingC.judgingD.recycling19.A.seriouslyB.slightlyC.carefullyD.eventually20.A.ruiningB.rescuingC.reportingD.transporting[助读词汇]tornadon.龙卷风hurricanen.飓风strikevi.袭击；侵袭；打collapsevi.倒塌leakn.泄露stairwaysn.楼梯thegroundfloor一楼headfor前往三、语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。(共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分)StrangethingswerehappeninginthecountrysideofnortheastHebei.Forthreedaysthewaterinthevillagewellskeptrisingand_____1_____(fall).Farmersnoticedthat_____2_____wellwallshaddeepcracksinthem.A_____3_____(smell)gascameoutofthecracks.Inthefarmyards,thechickensandeventhepigsweretoonervous_____4_____(eat).Miceranoutofthefieldslookingfor_____5_____(place)tohide.Fishjumpedoutof_____6_____(they)bowlsandponds.Atabout3:00a.m._____7_____July28th,1976,somepeoplesawbrightlightsinthesky.Thesoundofplanescould_____8_____(hear)outsidethecityofTangshaneven_____9_____noplaneswereinthesky.Inthecity,thewaterpipesinsomebuildingscrackedandburst.Buttheonemillionpeopleofthecity,_____10_____thoughtlittleoftheseevents,wereasleepasusualthatnight.四、短文改错（共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。Typhoonmostfrequentlyhappensduringsummer.Ithasacloselyrelationshipwithhumanbeingsbecauseitbroughtenoughrainfalltomanyplaces.However,asoneofthemostdestructivenaturaldisaster,typhoonhasalsobroughtquitelotofdamages.Usually,typhoontakesplaceinasuddenwaybutitisverydestructive.Besides,whenadistrictishitbytyphoon,theirtownandcropswillbefloodedduetotheheavyrainfallcausingbytyphoon.Inthiscase,Typhoonwillonturncauseaheavylossoflivesandmoney.Toprotectpeople’slivesandproperty,theourgovernmentshouldtakeseffectivemeasures.必修1Unit4Earthquakes（B卷）滚动提升检测参考答案一、阅读理解(A)地震后，父亲不忘对儿子的承诺冲到学校寻找儿子，儿子同样坚信父亲定会来救自己。1.C事实细节题。通过文章第二段可知A，B，D三个答案是正确的。而C选项表述有误，“killingover30，000peopleinlessthanfourminutes”中的四分钟是指“initialshake(首震)”，地震还没有结束。因此可知答案为C。2.C猜测词义题。由第二段中的herememberedthepromisehehadmadetohisson可知答案。3.B推理判断题。文章最后说，在爸爸挖掘了38个小时后发现儿子仍然活着，通过儿子的话“Itoldtheotherkidsnottoworry.”与“Youpromised,nomatterwhathappens,you’llalwaysbethereforme!Youdidit,Dad!”可以看出儿子很勇敢并且对父亲十分信任。4.B推理判断题。由文章的最后一段父亲发现儿子和其他的小朋友一起被困在废墟里。由儿子的话“Itoldthemthatifyouwerealive,you’dsavemeandwhenyousavedme”可知接下来就是谈论怎样援救废墟中的孩子们。5.C主旨大意题。本文为一篇记叙文，通过文中四、五段虽然被多次劝阻停止挖掘，但是这位伟大的父亲还是坚持挖掘了38小时，直至找到儿子。因此，作者的写作目的旨在歌颂这位伟大的父亲。(B)自然是人类除了自己之外的最大的威胁，在自然的力量面前，人类显得是那么的渺小和无助。本文主要讲述人类与自然灾害之间的种种交织。1.B事实细节题。根据第一段…thattheonlythreattohumankind,apartfromhumankinditself,is,withoutanydoubt,thenature可知选B。2.B事实细节题。根据第一段…geologicaleventslikeearthquakes和…climaticeventslikestorms,hurricanesortornadoes…可知选B。3.A事实细节题。根据第二段首句Thedamagedonebynaturaldisastersismainlyasaresultofourinabilitytopredictexactlywhentheywillhappen.可知选A。4.D推理判断题。由最后一段Mostnaturaldisasterscannotbeprevented,andbothemergencypreparationandgooddisastermanagementarethebestwaystodealwiththem.可推断出D项正确。5.C主旨大意题。第一段讲自然是我们的威胁和自然灾害的种类；第二段讲自然灾害造成损失的原因和人类无法准确预测自然灾害的发生；第三段讲自然灾害发生时人们的处理方式；第四段讲自然灾害是自然力量的体现。因此文章主要内容就是自然灾害与人类的种种“恩怨”与“交织”。选C最具有概括性和囊括性。二、完形填空本文作者就“地震发生时我们该怎么办？”这个问题给我们提供了一些建议。1.A根据下一句Unlikeatornadoorhurricane,thereisnoknownwayof2anearthquake.不难知道答案选A。2.B根据常识以及本句句意“……目前还没有预测地震的方法”可知，此处选B最符合上下文逻辑。3.D说发生地震，通常用occur，happen，takeplace等。故选D。4.D根据常识，全世界每年都会发生很多地震，但真正会造成损失的只有很少一部分地震。故选D最符合逻辑。5.C根据空前的theday可知答案选C正确。白天和夜里形成对应。6.A由空后的beingcaughtinthemiddleofone不难推知答案