六年级下册英语小升初必背知识点

六年级下册英语小升初必背知识点一、小学英语常用单词分类1.动物类dog狗cat猫duck鸭子horse马bird鸟mouse老鼠hen母鸡frog青蛙sheep绵羊fish鱼chicken鸡goat山羊cow奶牛tiger老虎lion狮子rabbit兔子panda大熊猫kangaroo袋鼠parrot鹦鹉bee蜜蜂elephant大象pig猪monkey猴子butterfly蝴蝶snake蛇bear熊dragon龙cock公鸡2.颜色类red红色orange橙色black黑色white白色yellow黄色blue蓝色gray/grey灰色brown棕色green绿色pink粉色gold金色purple紫色3.人物类boy男孩girl女孩man男人woman女人people人kid小孩children儿童(child的复数)4.动作类run跑jump跳come来go去open打开close关上stand站sit坐pick采put放eat吃drink喝learn学习read读;看ride骑throw扔掉sing唱歌sleep睡觉turn转弯play玩walk走路draw画stop停下swim游泳listen听write写visit拜访dance跳舞take拿走tell讲ask问answer回答buy买wear穿study学习5.学习用品类pen钢笔pencil铅笔pencilbox铅笔盒schoolbag书包eraser橡皮crayon蜡笔book书notebook笔记本ruler尺子bag书包stapler订书机dictionary字典6.交通工具类car小汽车bike自行车subway地铁bus公共汽车taxi出租车boat小船motorbike摩托车plane飞机ship船train火车7.数词类one一two二three三four四five五six六seven七eight八nine九ten十eleven十一twelve十二first第一second第二third第三fourth第四fifth第五sixth第六seventh第七eighth第八ninth第九tenth第十eleventh第十一twelfth第十二they他/她/它们we我们my我的your你的;你们的his他的her她的its它的our我们的their他/她/它们的24.乐器类Violin小提琴piano钢琴guitar吉他pipa琵琶erhu二胡flute长笛25.房间类study书房bedroom卧室livingroom/sittingroom客厅bathroom浴室kitchen厨房diningroom饭厅toilet/washroom洗手间26.球类badminton羽毛球soccer/football足球2baseball棒球volleyball排球basketball篮球tennis网球tabletennis/ping-pong乒乓球27.天气类sunny晴朗的snowy下雪的cloudy多云的rainy有雨的windy有风的wet潮湿的dry干燥的cold冷的hot热的warm暖和的cool凉爽的28.疾病类headache头痛toothache牙痛stomachache胃痛cold感冒fever发烧cough咳嗽29.季节及月份类spring春天summer夏天autumn/fall秋天winter冬天January一月February二月March三月April四月May五月June六月July七月August八月September九月October十月November十一月December十二月30.地点及方位类station车站cinema电影院hospital医院library图书馆park公园shop商店zoo动物园bookstore书店museum博物馆bank银行supermarket超市cafe咖啡厅farm农场school学校postoffice邮局restaurant餐馆west西方east东方south南方north北方二、小学英语常见的反义词(对应词)1.名词day(白天)—night(黑夜)boy(男孩)—girl(女孩)man(男人)—woman(女人)cock(公鸡)—hen(母鸡)Mr(先生)—Mrs(夫人)father(父亲)—mother(母亲)uncle(叔叔)—aunt(阿姨)brother(兄;弟)—sister(姐;妹)son(儿子)—daughter(女儿)east(东方)—west(西方)grandfather(祖父/外祖父)—grandmother(祖母/外祖母)2.动词come(来)—go(去)cry(哭)—laugh/smile(笑)open(开)—close(关)begin/start(开始)—finish/end(结束)4y(买)—sell(卖)forget(忘记)—remember(记住)sit(坐)—stand(站)take(拿走)—bring(带来)ask(问)—answer(回答)pull(拉)—push(推)sleep(睡觉)—wake(醒来)turnon(打开)—turnoff(关掉)geton(上车)—getoff(下车)3.副词yes(是)—no(不)here(这儿)—there(那儿)first(第一)—last(最后)up(向上)—down(向下)now(现在)—then(那时)4.介词inside(在···里面)—outside(在···外面)on(在···上面)—under(在···下面)above(在···上方)—below(在···下方)after(在···之后)—before(在···之前)infrontof(在···前面)—behind(在···后面)with(有)—without(没有)5.形容词big(大的)—small(小的)black(黑色的)—white(白色的)bad(坏的)—good(好的)beautiful(美丽的)—ugly(丑陋的)busy(忙碌的)—free(空闲的)cold(冷的)—hot(热的)cool(凉爽的)—warm(温暖的)clean(干净的)—dirty(脏的)clever(聪明的)—stupid(笨的)cheap(便宜的)—expensive(昂贵的)dark(黑暗的)—bright(明亮的)dangerous(危险的)—safe(安全的easy(容易的)—difficult(困难的)far(远的)—near(近的)fat(胖的)—thin(瘦的)happy(高兴的)—sad(悲伤的)hard(硬的)—soft(软的)hungry(饿的)—full(饱的)late(晚的)—early(早的)left(左边的)—right(右边的)little(小的)—large(大的)light(轻的)—heavy(重的)long(长的)—short(短的)more(更多的)—less(更少的)new(新的)—old(旧的)old(年老的)—young(年轻的)poor(贫穷的)—rich(富有的)quiet(安静的)—noisy(吵闹的)right(对的)—wrong(错的)same(相同的)—different(不同的)strong(强壮的)—weak(虚弱的)tall(高的)—short(矮的)thick(厚的)—thin(薄的)三、小学英语常见同音词deer(鹿)—dear(亲爱的)right(正确的)—write(写)know(知道)—no(不)sun(太阳)—son(儿子)four(四)—for(为)here(这里)—hear(听见)meat(肉)—meet(见面)father(父亲)—farther(更远)where(在哪里)—wear(穿着)hour(小时)—our(我们的)week(星期)—weak(虚弱的)their(他们的)—there(那里)pair(一双)—pear(梨)too(也)—two(二)—to(到;往;去)buy(买)—by(表示方式;靠近)—bye(再见)四、小学英语常用短语gohome回家gotoschool去上学getup起床gotobed上床睡觉have/eatbreakfast吃早餐have/eatdinner吃晚餐have/eatlunch吃午餐goshopping购物gohiking去远足gocamping去野营goswimming去游泳gofishing去钓鱼gocycling去骑自行车goice-skating去滑冰gotothecinema去电影院goonapicnic去野餐gostraight直走turnleft向左转turnright向右转haveclasses上课have/takeanEnglishclass上英语课learn/studyEnglish学英语speakEnglish说英语cleanthewindows擦窗户climbmountains爬山collectstamps收集邮票cookthemeals做饭crosstheroad过马路dohomework做作业dohousework做家务washthedishes洗盘子washtheclothes洗衣服watertheflowers浇花makethebed整理床铺visitgrandparents探望(外)祖父母watchTV看电视drawpictures画画drawcartoons画漫画pickapples摘苹果makeasnowman堆雪人singEnglishsongs唱英文歌曲goforawalk散步listentomusic听音乐playchess下棋playcomputergames玩电脑游戏playfootball踢足球playbasketball打篮球playbadminton打羽毛球playping-pong打乒乓球playsports进行体育运动playthepiano弹钢琴playtheviolin拉小提琴playthepipa弹琵琶readbooks看书readnewspapers看报纸rideabike骑自行车rideahorse骑马irontheclothes熨衣服flyakite放风筝domorningexercises做早操drinkcoffee喝咖啡dokungfu练武术seeafilm看电影seeadoctor看病haveacold感冒wearwarmclothes穿暖和的衣服takeadeepbreath深深吸一口气counttoten数到十dowordpuzzles猜字谜sweepthefloor扫地takeashower洗淋浴takeatrip去旅行takepictures/photos拍照comein进来slowdown慢下来look/watchout小心;留神talkquietly小声说话taketurns按顺序来keeptotheright靠右keepyourdeskclean保持你的书桌干净haveatry试一试sitdown坐下up站起来stayathome待在家里bybike骑自行车bybus坐公共汽车onfoot步行thedaybeforeyesterday前天nextweek下周lastweekend上周末lastnight昨晚thismorning今天早上onthefirstfloor在一楼teachers’office教师办公室computerroom计算机房artroom美术教室musicclass音乐课comicbook连环画册wordbook单词书dininghall饭厅sciencemuseum科学博物馆infrontof在···前面五、小学英语常用单词缩写归类1.be动词和助动词缩写Iam=I'mheis=he'syouare=you'reIhave=I'vesheis=she'sIwill=I'llyouhave=you'veitis=it'sitwill=it'll2.否定缩写arenot=aren'thasnot=hasn'thavenot=haven'tdonot=don'tdoesnot=doesn'tdidnot=didn't3.月份缩写January=Jan.February=Feb.March=Mar.April=Apr.May=MayJune=Jun.July=Jul.August=Aug.September=Sept.October=Oct.November=Nov.December=Dec.4.星期缩写Sunday=Sun.Monday=Mon.Tuesday=Tue.Wednesday=Wed.Thursday=Thur.Friday=Fri.Saturday=Sat.5.其他letus=let'sthereis=there'snumber=No.六、小学英语常见近义词辨析1.look,see,watch,read(看,看见)look指提醒别人，引起注意的“看”。如:Look!Sheisthere.看!她在那儿。look后不能直接接宾语，必须和at连用才能接宾语，表示提醒别人看某物。如:Lookatthatman.看那个男士。see强调看的结果。如:Youcanseeagirlontheplayground.你能看到操场上有个女孩。watch表示注视、观看、仔细地观察。如:DoyoulikewatchingTV?你喜欢看电视吗?read指“阅读”。如:Ilikereadingbooks.我喜欢读书。lass指较深的玻璃杯，用来装水、牛奶等。如:aglassofwater一杯水24.family,home,house(家)family特指家庭成员,家人。如:Therearefourpeopleinmyfamily.我家有四口人。home指家庭共同生活的地方，有时也指出生的城市或国家。如:Helefthomeat8o'clockyesterday.他昨天八点钟离开家。house指宅院、房子，着重于房屋的概念。如:Whereisyourhouse?你的房子在哪儿?七、小学英语常用句型1.打招呼、问候、介绍：(1)Hello/Hi,I'm...你好，我是……(2)—Nicetomeetyou.见到你很高兴。—Nicetomeetyou,too.见到你也很高兴。(3)Goodmorning/afternoon/evening.上午/下午/晚上好。(4)—Howareyou?你好吗?—I'mfine,thankyou./Verywell,thanks.我很好,谢谢你。(5)This/He/Sheis…这/他/她是……2.问答姓名：—What'syour/his/hername?你/他/她叫什么名字?—My/His/Hernameis...我/他/她叫⋯⋯3.问答年龄：—Howoldis/are...?……多大?—…(yearsold)……岁。4.问答来自哪里：—Whereareyoufrom?你来自哪里?—I'mfrom....我来自……★[提示]befrom=comefrom5.问答人物身份：(1)—Whoishe/she/thatman/thatwoman?他/她/那个男人/那个女人是谁?—He/Sheis…他/她是……(2)—Ishe/she/this…?他/她/这是……吗?—Yes,he/she/itis.是的。(—No,he/she/itisn't.不是。)6.问答事物名称：(1)—What'sthis/that?这/那是什么?—It'sa/an…它是……—Whatarethese/those?这些/那些是什么?—They're…它们是……(3)——Isthis/that…?这/那是……吗?—Yes,itis./No,itisn't.是的/不是。(4)—Arethese/those/they...?这些/那些/它们是······吗?—Yes,theyare./No,theyaren't.是的/不是。7.比较：两者之间：(1)Youaretallerthanme.你比我高。(2)Sheisyoungerthanbothofus.她比我俩小。[提示]than是比较级的标志词。三者或三者以上：Heisthetallestboyinhisclass.他是他班里最高的男孩。[提示]形容词最高级前面要加定冠词the。41.问答过去是否去过哪里：(1)—WheredidyougolastSunday?上周日你去了哪里?—Iwenttothezoo.我去动物园了。(2)—DidshegotoBeijing?她去北京了吗?—Yes,shedid./No,shedidn't.是的,她去了。/不,她没有去。42.问答过去某段时间的状态：—Howwasyourholiday?你假期过得怎么样?—Itwasgood,thankyou.很好,谢谢