英语代词用法

-•格：主格（做主语）：I,We,You,You,He,She,They,

It

宾格（作宾语）：Me,Us,You,You,Him,Her,It,Them

分类：1.形容司性物主代词：my,our,your,your,him,herJts,their

2.名词性物主代词:mine,ours,yours,yours,his,hers,its,theirs

3.反身彳烟：myse1f,ourselves,yourself,yourselves,himself,itself,themselves

4.相互就:eachother,oneanother

5.指示低:this,that,these,those

6.疑问代词：who,whom,whose,what,which

7.关系代词：who,whom,whose,that,which

8.连接代词：who,whom,whose,what,which

9.彳'定代a司:some'any，allmone»both1eitherJneither^ach'every'other,another»much,no,the

other,others,theothers,noone,many,few,little,afew,alittle'one

二^重难点解析

1.反身代词及其常见搭配：byoneself,foroneself,enjoyoneself,bynotoneself（感至!|不舒服）1come

tooneself（苏酉星）Jaketooneself,makeoneselfathome,seatoneself,dressoneself,devoteoneself

to,he1poneselfto,ki11oneself,introduceoneself,

behaveoneself,

例：Tom,behaveyourself.Youarenotakidanymore.

2.both两个都，either两个中的任意一个，neither两个都不

all两个以上都，any两个以上中的任意一个，none两个以上都不

3.afew,few,many,some+可数名词复数

alittle,little,much,some+不嗷名词

nota1itt1e=verymuch

notabit=notata11

4.some和any的区另!J

例：Haveyouanybananas?（疑问句）

Yes,Ihavesome\No,Ihaven'tany.（some肯定句»any疑问句）

Wouldyouliketogivemesome,ifyouhaveany/some?

（some用于防I句表“建议，请求，反问”，还可以用于条件句中）

---yes,rdloveto.Youcancomtogetthemanydayyoulike.

（any用于肯定句中任翦一-•・随便哪一・・•”）

由some或any构成断1箭成口此。

e.hereissomethin•Iwanttoaskyou.

②Thereisn'tanyIhin■Iwanttoaskyou.

③Isthereanythingyouwanttoaskme.

（五）one,ones泛指前面提及的人或物。

theone,theones特制替提闹的人或物。

that,those同theone,theones指代不一薮名词时只能用that

a/the+adj.-Fone/ones时无后置定语

e.gIwanttobuyaflatinthisdistrictthanoneinthatdisty.

Bridgebuiltofstonearestrongerthanonesbuiltofwood.

Theradiomadeinourfactoryisbetterthantheone/thatinyoufactory.

Theradiomadeinourfactoryarebetterthantheones/thoseinyoufactory.

TheweatherinShanghaiisbetterthanthatinBeijing.

Iprefertheredrosestothewhiteone.

Ifyoulikethatwatch,I,11buyanewone.

①TheweatherofthisyearisbetterihaIoflastyear.

②ThecultureandcustomsofAmericaarelikethoseofCanada.

（of短语中时，只用that/those）

便neither,not•••either,none,no,not---any/a,nothing,noone,nobody,nowhere,never,

not•••ever,notata11,notabit表完全否定。

both,••not/not,--both,all••,not/not…all,everynot/not,-,every,few,thewhole---not/not,the

whole,noteveiywhere,notalways,notentirely,notcompletely,notnecessarily表示部分否

定。

e.g--------Whichofthesetwowouldyoulike?

-----1don'tlikeeitherofthem.Tminterestedinneitherone

uEverythingisnotright"doesn'tmean“Nothingisright”

“Hedoesn*talwayshelpothers"doesn*tmean“Heneverhelpothers”

"Ican'tfindhimanywhere“means“Icanfindhimnowhere”.

化）----Whoisintheclassroom?

--------Noone/Nobody（回答who开头的问句）

------Howmanystudentsarethereintheclassroom?

____None.

______Howmuchmilkisthereinthefridge?

____None.

____Whatisinyourhand?

Nothing（nothing回答what问句）

------Didyouseeanyoneinthefilm?_____Noone.（泛指）

____Didanyoneofyouseethefilm?-------None.（特指）

（八）another,theother…，theothers,othersothers.

见5年高考，3年拟模P14

（九）so.not也可词作代

Eg.-------Doyouthinkit'sgoingtorainovertheweekend?

----Ibelieveso/Ithinkso…

————No,Idon'tthinkso/Ibelievenot•••

常见用于这一结构中的动词

;think/believe/expect/guess/imagine/hope/fear/say/suppose/tell/heai7beafraid等

to也可代替不定式，以避免重复.

Eg----Doyouexpecttolivehere?

---Yes,Iexpectto/so.

但是，-----Doyouexpectthathewilllivehere?

--------Yes,Iexpectso.（不可用to»西主语不同）

（十）常见的不定代词短语

Oneafteranother=onebyone相继，依次'theotherday前几天，theotherday（几天前）某一天，

everyotherday=everytwoday=everysecondday,someotherday改天,every/eachlime每

次,otherthan除了'（morethan不仅,不止?ratherthan而不是Aeverynowandthen时常,

间或Tneveryway在个方面5inotherwords换句话说‘everyotherboy（单数）所有其他

孩子nothingmorethan只不过是,••而已theotherhand••,ontheonehand,somethinglike

像…之类的

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英语作文万能模板

对比观点题型

（1）要就述两个对立的观点并给出自己的看法。

1,有一•些漱为。。。2,另一些双为。。。3,我的看法。…

ThetopicofX---（融）

isbecomingmoreandmorepopularrecently.Thereai'etwosidesofopinionsaboutit.SomepeoplesayAisthe

irfavorite.Theyholdtheirviewforthereason------------------------（支持A的理由一）

Whatismore,----------------------（理由二）.Moreover,--------------------------（理由三）.

WhileothersthinklhatBisabetterchoiceinthefollowingthreereasons.Firslly,..............................（支持B的

理由一）.Secondly（besides）,--------------------（理由二）.Thirdly（finally）,----------------（理由三）.

Frommypointofviewjthink-------------------（我的观点）.Thereasonisthat-----------------------（原

S）.Asamatteroffact,therearesomeotherreasonstoexplainmychoice.Forme,theformer/latterissurelya

wisechoice.

（2）给出一个观点，要求考生反时这一观点

Somepeoplebelievethat©-----------------（观点一）.Forexample,theythink®--------------------（举例

说明），Anditwi11bringthem③------------------------------（为他们带来的好处）.

Inmyopinion,Ineverthinkthisreasoncanbethepoint.Foronething,@...................-（我不同意该看法的

理由一）.Foranotherthing,⑤--------------------------------（反对的理由之二）,

Formallwhatlhavesaidjagreetothethoughtthat®------------------（总结我对文章所讨论主题的

1-阐述名言或主题所蕴涵的意义・

2•分傩痢使其更充实・

Thegoodoldproverb----------------------（名言^5^语）remindsusthat----------------------（释

义）.Indeed,wecanlearnmanythingsformit.

Firstofall,---------------------------（理由一）.Forexample,-------------------------------（举例说

明）.Secondly,-----------------------（理由二）.Anothercaseisthat-----------------------（举例说

明）.Furthermore,-------------------------------------------------（理由三）•

Inmyopinion,・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・（我觎

^）.Inshort,whateveryoudo,pleaserememberthesaying------A.Ifyouunderstanditandapplyittoyourstu

dyorwork,you'11necessarilybenefita1otfromit.

解决方法题型

要求攀世1娜决问题的多种途径

1•问题现状2•梅解决（解决方案的优缺点）

Inrecentdays,wehavetofacetheproblemX,whichisbecomingmoreandmoreserious.First,------------（说

明A觑状）•Second,---------------------------------（举例进一步说明现状）

ConfrontedwilhX,weshouldtakeaseriesofeffectivemeasurestocopewiththesituation.Foronelhing,——

--（解决方法•）.Foranotherthing,----------（解决方法二）.Finally,----------（解决方法

H）.Personally,Ibelievethat--------------（我的解方

^.Consequently,Tmconfidentthatabrightfulureisawaitingusbecause-------（带来的好处）•

说明利弊题型

这种题型往往要求先说明一下现状再对比事物本身的利弊有时也会单从一个角度（利

或弊）媵，最后往往要求考生表明自己的态度（或对事物前景提出预测）

1说明事物现状2事物本身的优缶想（或一方面）3你对现状（或前景）的看法

NowadaysmanypeoplepreferXbecauseithasasignificantroleinourdailylife.Generally,itsadvantagesca

nbeseenasfollows.First».....................（X的优点之一）.Besides».........................-（X的优点之

二）

Buteverycoinhastwosides.Thenegativeaspectsarealsoappai-ent.Oneoftheimpoilantdisadvantagesistha

t.....................（X的第一个缺点或坏处）-Tomakemattersworse,................（X的第二个缺点

或处坏）^

Throughtheaboveanalysisjbelievethatthepositive/negtiveaspectsovereeighthenegative/posetiveone

s.Therefore,Iwouldliketo-------------------------------（我的看法）,

（FromthecomparisonbetweenthesepositiveandnegativeeffectsofX,weshouldtakeitreasonablyanddoit

accordingtothecircumstanceswearein.Onlyinthisway+^IJ^^------------（对前景的预测）•）

议论文的框架

（1）不观点列举型（选择型）

Thereisawidespreadconcernovertheissue__X作目

.Butitiswellknownthattheopinionconcemingthishottopicvariesfrompersontoperson.Amajority

ofpeoplethinkthat_观点一

.Intheirviewsthereai-e2factorsconlributingtothisattitudeasfollows:inthefirstplace,___原因

--.Furthermore,inthesecondplace,__原因二.Soitgoeswithoutsayingthat___观点一

People,however,differintheiropinionsonthismatter.Somepeople

holdtheideathat___观点二_______.Intheirpointofview,ontheonehand'___原因一

.Ontheotherhand,原因二.Therefore,thereisnodoubtthat___观点二

(2)利议弊论型文的

Nowadays,thereisawidespreadconcernover(theissuethat)___X作次题目

.Infact,therearebothadvantagesanddisadvantagesinX题目议题

.Generallyspeaking,itiswidelybelievedthereareseveralpositiveaspectsasfollows.Firstly,__优

点一Andsecondly___优点二

.Justasapopularsayinggoes,everycoinhastwosides",X讨论议题

isnoexception,andinanotherword,itstillhasnegativeaspects.Tobeginwith,___缺点一

___________.Inaddition,______缺点二____________.

Tosumup,weshouldtrytobringtheadvantagesof__讨论议题

____intofullplay,andreducethedisadvantagestotheminimumatthesametime.Inthatcase,wewilldefinite

1ymakeabetteruseofthe_________讨论议题______.

(3)答题性议论文

Currently,thereisawidespreadconcernover(theissuethat)―X作文题目

.Itisreallyanimportantconcemtoevei7oneofus.Asaresult,wemustsparenoeffortstotakesomem

easurestosolvethisproblem.

Asweknow，therearemanystepswhichcanbetakentoundothisproblem.Firstofall,_途径一

.Inaddition,anotherwaycontributingtosuccessofthesolvingproblemis___途径二.

Aboveall,tosolvetheproblemof______X作目

,weshouldfindanumberofvariousways.ButasfarasIamconceniedJwouldprefeitosolvetheprobl

eminthisway,thatistosay,方法.

4)谚语警句性议论文

Itiswellknowntousthattheproverb:"_____X谚语

"hasaprofbundsignificanceandvaluenotonlyinourjobbutalsoinourstudy.Itmeans_____谚语

的含义.Thesayingcanbeillustratedthroughaseriesofexamplesasfollows.(alsotheoretically)

Acaseinpointis___例子一

.Therefore,itgoeswithoutsayingthatitisofgreatimportancetopracticetheproverb_____X谚语

WiththerapiddevelopmentofscienceandtechnologyinChina,anincreasingnumberofpeoplecometoreali

zethatitisalsoofpracticalusetosticktothesaying:______X谚语

.Themoreweai*eawareofthesignificanceofthisfamoussaying,themorebenefitswewillgetinourdai

1ystudyandjob.

图表作文

Asisshown/indicated/illustratedbythefigure/percentageinthe

tableCgraplVpicture/pie/chait).___X作文题目的议题_____hasbeenarise/decrease/increase/drop或

significantly/dramatically/steadilyrising/decreasingfromintoin.Fromth

esharp/markeddecline/riseinthechart,itgoeswithoutsayingthat.Thereareatleast

twogoodreasonsaccountingforit.Ontheonehand,.Ontheother

hand,.isduetothefactthat.Inaddition,is

responsiblefor.Maybetherearesomeotherreasonstoshow.

Butitisgenerallybelievedthattheabovementionedreasonsare

commonlyconvincing.

AsfarasIamconcerned,Iholdthepointofviewthal________.1amsuremy

opinionisbothsoundandwell-grounded.

现象说明文

RecentlywhatamazesusmostisX,itistinethat.Therearemanyreasonsexpl

aining________X________.Themainreasonis____________________.whatismore,_____________

.Thirdly,.Asaresult,.Consideringallthese

____.Fomnething,_______________,fbranother,____________.InConclusion,_________________

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高i都牒法重点难点回顾

1主谓致常考难题：

Fiveminutesisenoughtodothisexercise,

Eachboyandeachgirlwantstoservethepeopleinfuture•

Morethanonestudenthasseenthefilm.

Manyashiphasbeendamagedinthestorm.

Moremembersthanoneareagainstyourplan.

一些有两个部分构成的名词表示衣物或工具作主语时，谓语通常用复数形式：glasses,

clothes,trousers,shoes,compasses,chopsticks,scissors等。

但如果主语用akindof,apairof,aseriesof等加名词构成时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。

Apairofshoeswasonthedesk-

并列主语如果指的是同一个人同一事物或同一概念时，谓语动词用单数形式，这时and

后面词断殳名有冠词。例如：

Truthandhonestyisthebestpolicy•

Thegirl'steacherandfriendisayoungdoctor•

Toloveandtobelovedisthegreathappiness.

Goingtobedearlyandgettingupearlyisagoodhabit.

Aknifeandforkisonthetable.

当主语后面跟有aswellas,asmuchas,nolessthan,alongwith,with,like,ratherthan,together

with,but,except,besides,including,inadditionto等引导的词组时，其谓语动词的单、复数

按语主的单、复数而定。例如：

Theteacheraswellasthestudentswasexcited,

Theroomwithitsfurniturewasrented•

A(great)numberof修饰可数复数名词，谓语动词用复数；agreatdealof,alargeamountof

修饰不可数名词，其罐作主语时，谓语动词用单数。

关系代词who,that,which等在定语从句中作主语时，其谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的

数一致。例如：

Thosewhowanttogopleasesignyournameshere•

Someoftheenergythatisusedbymancomesfromthesun•

季节、月份、星期、节日、假日、一日三餐、学科名称，球类、棋类名词名称前一般不

加词冠。

1/2one(a)half1/4one(a)quarter

2形词容的顺序：

系动词be，grow，get»become,feel'appear?prove‘seemjlook'keep‘smell5taste'

sound，turnremain限定词+数量形容词(序数词在前，基数词在后)+性状形容词+大小、

长短、高低等形体+新旧+颜色+国藉+材料

Thosethreebeautifullargesquareo1dbrownwoodtable

某些以a-开首的形容词例如：afraid»alike»alone>asleep,awake,alive等只能作表语,

不语能。作定

某些以・ly结尾的词是形容词而不是副词:friendly»lively»lovely5lonelyjlikely*deadly»

silly，orderly,timely等。

l)close接近地closely仔细地，密切地

2)free免费地freely自由地，无拘束地

3)hard努力地hardly几乎不

4)1ate晚迟lately近来

5)most极，非常mostly主要地

9)1oud大声地loudly大声地(含有嘱的意思)

10)near邻近nearly几乎

3比较级，最高级

表示一方不及另一方时，用“less+原级+than”的结构表示：Thisroomislessbeautifulthan

thatone-

表示一方超过另一方的程度或数量时，可在比较级前加表示程度的状语，如：even，alol，

abit1alittle‘still»much‘far,yet,byfar等修饰:Heworksevenharderthanbefore•

注意:byfar通常用于强调最高级。用于比较级时，一般放在比较级的后面，如放在前面,

应在二者中间加“the”

Heistallerbyfarthanhisbrother.

Heisbyfarthetallerofthetwobrothers.

某些以结尾的形容词进行比较时'用to代替than°superior»junior»senior等。

HeissuperiortoMr.Wanginmathematics,

在比较从句中为了避免重复通常用that(those)，。比(ones)代替前面出现的名词。由at指物，

one既可指人，也可指物。that可代替可数名词单数和不可数名词，而one只能代替可

数名词。例如：

Thebookonthetableismoreinterestingthanthatonthedesk•

Aboxmadeofironisstrongerthanonemadeofwood•

表微例比较级有如下几种句型：

Aisthree(four,etc.)timesthesize(height,length,width,etc)ofB.

Thenewbuildingisfourtimesthesize(theheight)oftheoldone.

这座新楼是那座旧楼的四倍大(四倍高)。〔高三倍〕

Aisthree(four,etc.)timesasbig(high,long,wide,etc.)asB.

AsiaisfourtimesaslargeasEurope.亚洲^洲的四倍大。

Aisthree(four,etc.)timesbigger(higher,longer,wider)thanB.

例如：Yourschoolisthreetimesbiggerthanours.

你们的学校比我们的学校大三倍。

表丽倍可以用twice或double

表示“最高程度”的形容词，如excellent»extreme»perfect等，没有最高级，也不能用比较

级

4.so,such

如果复数名词前有many、few，不可数名词前有much、little等表示量的形容词时，该用so

而不用s11ch。如：

I'vehadsomanyfallsthatI'mblackandbluea11over.

Mr.Whitegotsolittlemoneyamonththathecouldhardlykeepbodyandsoultogether.

但little不表数量而表示“小”的意剧，仍用such。如：

Theyaresuchlittlechildrenthatthetheycannotcleanthehousebythemselves.

5.almost与nearly

在very,pretty,not后用nearly,不用almost。例如：

I'mnotnearlyready.

在any,no,none,never前用almost,不用nearly。例如：

Ialmostneverseeher

6.情态动词

need表示“需要”或“必须”，作情态动词时，仅用于否定句或疑问句中。在肯定句中一般用

must,haveto,oughtto或should代替。例如：

Youneedn1tcomesoearly.

NeedIfinishtheworktoday?------Yes,youmust.

注意：needn'thavedone”表示本来不必做某事而实际上做了某事”。例如：Youneedn't

havewaitedforme

"shouldhavedone"表7®Z该做到而实际上没有做到。

Youshouldhavesartedearlier.

“oughttohavedone"表利去应做某事而实际未做。

Yououghttohavehelpedhim(butyoudidn't)

书报的标题，小说等情节介绍常用一般现在时。

表示感觉，愿望和状态的某些动词如have,be,hear,see,like等词•般不用进行时。

7主动结构表被动

有些动词形式上是主动结构，但表示被动的意思。常见的有可和well,easily等副词连用的不

及海力词sell,wash,write,read,clean,cook等。例如：

Theclothwasheswell.这布很经洗。

Thenewproductsellswell.这新产品很畅销。

Thepenwriteswell.这支笔很好写。

8.虚拟语气的结构“(sh。