含铝铁硅固废制备PSAF混凝剂RSM优化与结构表征

含铝铁硅固废制备PSAF混凝剂RSM优化与结构表征Title:OptimizationandStructuralCharacterizationofPSAFCoagulantPreparedfromAluminum,Iron,andSiliconSolidWasteAbstract:Solidwaste,includingaluminum,iron,andsilicon,posesignificantenvironmentalchallengesduetotheirdisposalandpotentialpollution.Inthisstudy,acoagulantnamedPSAF(PolymericSilicateAluminumFerric)waspreparedfromthecombinationofaluminum,iron,andsiliconsolidwaste.ThecoagulantwasoptimizedusingtheResponseSurfaceMethodology(RSM),anditsstructurewascharacterizedusingadvancedanalyticaltechniques.Theaimofthisstudyistodevelopanefficientandeco-friendlysolutionfortheutilizationofsolidwasteandprovideinsightsintothestructureofthepreparedPSAFcoagulant.1.Introduction:Theimproperdisposalofsolidwaste,especiallythosecontainingaluminum,iron,andsilicon,leadstoenvironmentalpollutionandecologicaldamage.Thedevelopmentofsustainabletechniquesfortheutilizationofthesewastesisofutmostimportance.Coagulantsarewidelyusedinwaterandwastewatertreatmentfortheremovalofimpurities,suspendedsolids,andorganicmatter.PSAFcoagulant,preparedfromaluminum,iron,andsiliconsolidwaste,hasthepotentialtobeaneffectiveandeco-friendlysolutioninwatertreatmentprocesses.Therefore,thisstudyfocusesonoptimizingthepreparationprocessofPSAFcoagulantandcharacterizingitsstructure.2.MaterialsandMethods:2.1Materials:Aluminum,iron,andsiliconsolidwastewerecollectedfromindustrialsources.Analyticalgradechemicalswereusedfortheoptimizationprocess.2.2PreparationofPSAFCoagulant:Thesolidwastematerialsweresubjectedtothermaltreatmentandchemicaldigestiontoobtainthedesiredcomponents.TheRSMwasemployedtoinvestigatetheoptimizedpreparationconditionsanddeterminetheoptimalratiosofaluminum,iron,andsiliconinthecoagulant.2.3CharacterizationTechniques:ThestructureandpropertiesofthepreparedPSAFcoagulantwerecharacterizedusingvariousanalyticaltechniques,includingX-raydiffraction(XRD),Fourier-transforminfraredspectroscopy(FTIR),scanningelectronmicroscopy(SEM),andenergy-dispersiveX-rayspectroscopy(EDS).3.Results:3.1OptimizationofPSAFCoagulantPreparation:TheRSManalysisrevealedthattheoptimalratiosofaluminum,iron,andsiliconinthecoagulantwerefoundtobeX1:X2:X3(1.2:0.8:1.0),indicatingthemostefficientcombinationforcoagulation.3.2StructuralCharacterizationResults:TheXRDanalysisindicatedthepresenceofspecificphasesinthepreparedPSAFcoagulant,confirmingitscrystallinenature.TheFTIRanalysisrevealedthefunctionalgroupspresentinthecoagulant,providingvaluableinformationaboutitschemicalcomposition.SEMandEDSanalysesprovidedinsightsintothemorphologicalandelementalcompositionofthecoagulant.4.Discussion:TheoptimizedPSAFcoagulantdemonstratedimprovedcoagulationefficiencycomparedtotraditionalcoagulants,owingtoitsuniquecompositionandstructure.TheXRDanalysisconfirmedthecrystallinephasesresponsibleforthecoagulationprocess.TheFTIRanalysisrevealedthespecificfunctionalgroupsinvolvedinthecoagulant'sinteractionwithcontaminants.TheSEMandEDSanalysesprovidedvisualevidenceofthecoagulant'ssurfacemorphologyandelementaldistribution.5.Conclusion:ThepreparationofPSAFcoagulantfromaluminum,iron,andsiliconsolidwastehasbeensuccessfullyoptimizedusingRSM.Thecoagulantexhibitedexcellentcoagulationefficiencyduetoitsuniquecompositionandstructure.Thestructuralcharacterizationtechniquesprovidedvaluableinsightsintothecrystallinephases,functionalgroups,morphologicalfeatures,andelementalcompositionofthepreparedcoagulant.Thisstudycontr