英语（人教版选修8）课件Unit4Section2WarmingUpReadingLanguagePoints

Unit4

PygmalionSectionⅡ

WarmingUp&Reading—LanguagePoints一、将下列单词与所对应的英文解释连线1．classify

A．tosayorwritesomethingtoexpressanopinionorthoughtaboutsb.orsth.2．remark B．someoneyouknow，butwhoisnotaclosefriend3．condemn C．topausebeforesayingordoingsomething4．acquaintance D．todecidewhichgroupsomethingbelongsto5．hesitate E．todisapproveorpunish答案：1.D

2.A

3.E

4.B

5.C二、根据所给词性和汉语意思写出英语单词1．_____________n．适应(性)；改编本→________v．改编；使适应→___________adj.有适应能力的2．__________vi.犹豫，踌躇→_________n．犹豫；踌躇3．__________adj.使人心烦的，带来麻烦的→__________adj.感到心烦的，麻烦的4．________adj.错误的；不正确的→____________n．错误，误解v.弄错；误会或误解5．_______vt.编排；分类；归类→____________adj.可分类的；应分类的→_____________n．种类，类别；等级adaptationadaptadaptablehesitatehesitationtroublesometroubledmistakenmistakeclassifyclassifiableclassification6．_________vt.谴责；使……注定→____________n．谴责；指责7．________adv.适当地；恰当地→________adj.合适的8．_____________n．相识；了解；熟人→_______v．使熟悉，使了解9．________n．机会；运气；大笔的钱→__________adj.幸运的→______________adv.幸运地10．________adj.优秀的；高级的→_____________n．上级，长官；优势，优越性condemncondemnationproperlyproperacquaintanceacquaintfortunefortunatefortunatelysuperiorsuperiority根据汉语意思补全短语1．hide/shelter______therain避雨2．______amoment一会儿；片刻3．______disguise伪装(的)；假扮(的)4．pass...______as...(把某人)改变或冒充成……5．makeone’s_______________结识；与……相见fromforinoffacquaintance6．__________speaking一般来说7．______terms______...就……来说；从……角度8．besuperior______比……优秀/好9．a__________of一把儿；少量的10．hand______交出，移交generallyinoftohandfulover1．你知道这个故事吗？如果不知道，请看图画和图画下面的说明，然后尽量想出这个故事，讲给你的伙伴(听听)。Doyouknowthestory？_________，lookatthepicturesandthecaptionsbelowthemandtrytoworkoutthestoryandtellittoyourpartner.(ifnot相当于一个否定的条件状语从句。)Ifnot2．如果我是，又怎么样呢？__________Iwas?(Whatif...？常用于口语中，表示“如果……又怎么样？”)3．总的来说，人们对那些他们认为属于较高社会阶层的人更礼貌一些。Generallyspeaking，peoplearemorepolitetothosewhotheythinkare_______________________.(beof＋抽象名词＝be＋该抽象名词同根的形容词。)Whatifofahighersocialclass4．不过，先生，(高傲地)要是一旦有人教她把英语说好了，那个女孩就可以在三个月以内冒充公爵夫人出席大使主办的花园晚会了。But，sir，(proudly)_________________tospeakproperly，thatgirlcouldpassherselfoffinthreemonthsasaduchessatanambassador’sgardenparty.(状语从句的省略。)onceeducatedadaptationn．适应(性)；改编本(P28)①Thisplayisanadaptationofarealstory.这部戏剧是由一个真实的故事改编的。②ThefilmwesawlastnightisanadaptationofaplaybyLaoShe.昨晚我们看的电影是由老舍的戏剧改编的。(1)makeanadaptationto适应……(2)adaptv．(使)适应；(使)适合；改编，修改adaptoneselfto...适应……adaptto适应……adapto...把……改编成……adaptsth.from...由……改编……(3)adaptableadj.适应性强的，可改编的

③Headaptedhimselftothenewlife.他使自己适应了新生活。④Thenovelwasadaptedintoafilm.那部小说被改编成了电影。[易混辨析]adapt/adopt⑤Thefilmwasadaptedfromanovel，whichtoldthatacoupleadoptedaflexiblewaytobringuptheiradoptedson，whograduallyadaptedtohisnewfamily.这部电影改编于一篇小说，小说中讲了一对夫妇采用一种灵活的方法来抚养他们收养的儿子，使他逐渐适应了他的新家庭的故事。1．完成句子①Theplayisan____________(改编本)forchildrenofaplaybyShakespeare.②You’dbetter_______(适应)theclimateassoonaspossible.③I’mverygladtoknowLucyisan______________(适应性强的)girl.adaptationadapttoadaptableconvincevt.使相信，说服(P28)①Hedidn’tconvincethemofhishonesty.他没能说服他们相信他是诚实的。②ItriedmybesttoconvincemymotherthatIdidn’tcheatintheexam.我说服了妈妈相信我没有在考试中作弊。③Whatconvincedyoutovoteforthem?究竟是什么使得你愿意投他们的票？④I’mconvincedthatheisapromisingyoungman.我坚信他是一位很有前途的年轻人。⑤Theheadmastergaveusaveryconvincingspeech.校长给我们做了一场很有说服力的演讲。(1)convincesb.that...使某人相信……convincesb.ofsth.使某人相信(信服)某事convincesb.todo...说服某人做……(2)convincedadj.确信的，坚信的convincingadj.令人信服的beconvincedthat/beconvincedof坚信，深信，确信

2．完成句子①我确信他是一个诚实的学生。______________________thatheisanhoneststudent.②他的话并不令人信服。Whathesaid___________________.③老师的一番话使我意识到我错了。Whattheteachersaid________________Iwasmistaken.I’mconvincedwasn’tconvincingconvincedmethathesitatevi.(P29)(1)踌躇；犹豫①Don’thesitateaboutthat.Doitatonce.对于那件事不要再犹豫了。马上去做吧。(2)hesitatetodo不愿意做，犹豫不决②Hedidnothesitatetoaskhertositbesidehim.他毫不犹豫地请她坐在他身旁。(1)hesitatetodosth.对做某事犹豫不决hesitateabout/over(doing)sth./wh­todo对(做)某事犹豫不决(2)hesitationn．踌躇，犹豫havenohesitationindoing毫不踌躇/犹豫地干……withouthesitation毫不踌躇/犹豫地，立即

③Iwouldhavenohesitationindecliningthepost.我会毫不犹豫地拒绝这个职位。④Withoutanyhesitation，MengXiangbinjumpedintotherivertosavethedrowningyoungwoman.孟祥斌毫不犹豫地跳下河去救落水的年轻女子。3．完成句子我毫不犹豫地接受了他的邀请。Ididn’t___________________________________________hisinvitation.＝I_______________________________________________hisinvitation.＝Itookhisinvitation_______________.hesitatetoaccept/hesitateaboutacceptinghadnohesitationinaccepting/didn’thesitatetoacceptwithouthesitationmistakenadj.(见解或判断上)错误的；不正确的(P29)①Youthoughthewasateacher，butyouweremistaken.你以为他是一位教师，但是你错了。②Iamsorry，Iwasmistakenaboutyou.对不起，我错怪你了。(1)bemistakenabout对……持错误的见解bemistakenindoingsth.做某事是错误的(2)mistaken．错误vt.弄错，误会dosth.bymistake由于疏忽做错了某事makeamistake犯错误，出错bymistake弄错nomistake准确无误；毫无疑问(3)mistake...for...把……错认为……③Youwouldn’thavemadethemistakeifyouhadfollowedhisadvice.你如果听了他的忠告，就不会犯这个错误了。④Thestudentsarecautiousnottomakeanymistakesinspelling.学生们在拼写时非常小心，以免出错。⑤Don’tmistakematerialadvanceforspiritualenrichment.别把物质方面的进步误认为精神上的富裕。[易混辨析]mistake/error/wrong/fault/blunder⑥Itwasamistakenotbuyingthathouse.没把那处房买下来是个失误。⑦Hecan’tforgettheerrorsofhisyouth.青年时代的过错令他难忘。⑧Youmustrightthewrongwhichyoudidtohim.你必须矫正你对他的冤枉。⑨It’smyfaultthatwedidn’tarriveontime.没及时抵达是我的责任。⑩Hemadeaseriesofpoliticalblunders.他犯了一连串的政治错误。4．完成句子①要是我没有弄错的话，他就是做那件事的合适人选。Heistherightmantodoit，______________________.②他很细心，很少犯错。Heisverycarefuland______________________.ifIamnotmistakenmakesfewmistakesclassifyvt.编排；分类；归类(P29)①Attemptshadbeenmadebyotherstoclassifyplantspeciesintogroups.另一些人尝试按植物种类进行分类。②Thebooksareclassifiedintoseveralpartsaccordingtotheircontents.根据内容这些书被分成若干部分。③Sheisclassifiedasoneofthegreatestactressesofourtimes.她被认为是我们这个时代的最伟大的女演员之一。(1)classifysth.by/accordingto根据……把某物分类classifysth.in/into把某物分成classify...as...把……归类为……(2)classifiedadj.分类的，机密的beclassifiedinto...被分成……beclassifiedas...被分为……(3)classificationn．分类，分级，归类

5．用classify的正确形式填空①Iamlookingforthe_____________section.②Inlaw，beeris_____________asafoodproduct.③The_________________ofbooksinthelibraryhelpsyoutofindthebooksyouwant.classifiedclassifiedclassificationremark(P29)(1)n.言辞；谈论，评论makeafewremarksaboutsb./onasubject讲几句有关某人/某问题的话①Hehadahabitofmakinghumorousremarks.他有说幽默话的习惯。(2)vt.(后接that从句)谈到；评论②Alocalnewspaperremarkedthatcrimewasonthedecrease.一家地方报纸评论说犯罪案件在减少。(3)vt.注意，看到；觉察③IremarkedthetenseatmosphereassoonasIenteredtheroom.我一走进房间，就觉察到了紧张的气氛。(4)vi.(与on/upon连用)谈论，议论；评论④Prof.Smithremarkedonthedifferencebetweenthetwodictionaries.史密斯教授谈到了这两本词典的不同之处。(1)makearemark/remarkson/about就……发表意见，对……评头论足makenoremark什么也不说，不加评论(2)remarkthat评论……remarkon/upon/about谈论/评论……(3)remarkableadj.非凡的，显赫的，值得注意的，异常的，奇怪的beremarkablefor以……著称，因……而非同凡响

6．完成句子①欢迎你就此问题说几句。__________________________________wouldbewelcome.②许多消费者对产品质量发表了看法。Alotofconsumers____________________________________________________________oftheproducts.Afewremarksfromyouonthissubjectremarkedon(about)thequality/madeafewremarkson(about)thequalitybetrayvt.(P29)(1)出卖；背叛①Aslongasyoudon’tbetrayme，I’lldowhateveryouaskmetodo.只要你不出卖我，要我做什么我都愿意。(2)泄露；显露②Hisaccentbetrayedthefactthathewasforeign.他的口音显露出他是外国人。betray...to...向……泄露(出卖)……betrayone’strust辜负某人的信任betrayoneself暴露本来面目，原形毕露letoutasecret泄露秘密giveawayoneself暴露某人自己

③Hebetrayedthenewstoallhisfriends.他向所有的朋友透露了这个消息。④Hisvoicebetrayedtheworryhewastryingtohide.他的声音掩盖不了内心的担忧。⑤Infailingtoreturnthemoneyhebetrayedourtrust.他未能归还那笔钱而辜负了我们的信任。⑥Peoplegiveawaymuchmorebytheirgesturesthanbytheirwords.人的姿势比言语更能暴露他们。7．完成句子①He___________________(背叛祖国)totheenemy.②Thatmaniscapableof__________________(出卖朋友)．betrayedhiscountrybetrayinghisfriendscondemnvt.(P30)(1)谴责①Hisproceedingsmustbecondemnedinthestrongestlanguage.他的行为应受到强烈谴责。(2)使……注定②Hisdisabledlegscondemnedhimtoawheelchairallhislife.他残疾的双腿注定了他一生与轮椅为伴。(3)宣称，判刑③Weheardofthebadnewsthathewascondemnedtodeath.我们听说了他被判死刑的不幸消息。condemnsb.to(do)sth.使某人注定做某事，判处某人做某事condemnsb./sth.谴责某人/某事condemnsb./sth.for...因……责难(备)……condemnedadj.已被定罪的becondemnedtodeath/besentencedtodeath被判处死刑

8．完成句子①Thecriminalwas____________________(判处死刑)．②Ifyoudon’tlearnfromthepast，you_________________(注定要)repeatyourmistakes.③Thepaperswerequickto_____________(指责)himforhismistake.condemnedtodeatharecondemnedtocondemnacquaintancen．(P30)(1)相识；了解；熟悉；熟人；相识的人①IhavesomeacquaintancewiththeRussianlanguage.我懂一点儿俄语。②HerecognizedMr.Hunterasanoldbusinessacquaintancefromhisyearsinbanking.他认出亨特先生是他在银行业工作那些年里相识的生意上的老熟人。③Nooneintheirentireacquaintancesmokes.在他们整个熟人圈子里，没有一个人抽烟。(2)知识，心得，感性认识④Ihavenoacquaintancewiththisbook.我不熟悉这本书。⑤IhavesomeacquaintancewithEnglish，butIdonotknowitwell.我稍懂些英语，但并不精通。(1)maketheacquaintanceofsb./makeone’sacquaintance结识某人onfirstacquaintance初次相见时cut/dropone’sacquaintancewith...和某人绝交havean/someacquaintancewithsb.与某人认识/有交情havean/someacquaintancewithsth.对某事/物有了解haveanoddingacquaintancewithsb./sth.与某人有点头之交/对某事略知一二(2)acquaintvt.使熟悉，使了解acquaintsb./oneselfwithsth.使某人/自己熟悉或了解某事物beacquaintedwith对……很熟悉/很了解

⑥Allouremployeesarefullyacquaintedwithsafetyprecautions.我们所有的雇员都非常熟悉安全预防措施。温馨提示：acquaintance用作不可数名词时，表“熟悉，认识”，有时在其前加不定冠词，表某种程度的熟悉与了解，与with连用；用作可数名词时，表“熟悉的人”。9．完成句子①我是在一个聚会上认识他的。I________________________________________ataparty.②我很久以来一直盼望着与她相识。Ihavebeenlookingforwardto______________________________________.madehisacquaintance/theacquaintanceofhimmakingheracquaintanceforalongtime③他稍微会一点日语。He____________________________theJapaneselanguage.④他是我们的一个老相识。Heis___________________________.hassome/littleacquaintancewithanoldacquaintanceofoursfortunen．(P30)(1)命运；运气；机会；幸运；成功①Shehadthegoodfortunetobefreefromillness.她运气好，没得病。②Fortunesmiledonhim.他万事如意。③ThesetwobrothersdecidedtogotoAmericatotrytheirfortune.这兄弟俩决定去美国碰碰运气。(2)财产，财富④Hedreamedofmakingafortune.他梦想发财。(1)makeafortune发财seekone’sfortune外出找出路tryone’sfortune碰运气begoodfortune由于幸运，幸好beingood/badfortune运气好/坏havethefortunetodosth.有幸做……；幸而做……(2)fortunateadj.幸运的befortunateindoingsth.幸运地干某事(3)fortunatelyadv.幸运地unfortunatelyadv.不幸地

温馨提示：fortune意为“运气；机会”时，为不可数名词；意为“命运；幸运的事”时为可数名词；意为“财富，一大笔钱”时，既是可数名词，也是不可数名词。10．完成句子①他们决定去大城市碰运气。Theydecidedtogotobigcities_____________________.②她大学一毕业就找到了工作，真是幸运。She___________________________________assoonasshegraduatedfromtheuniversity.totrytheirfortunewasfortunateenoughtofindajobsuperior(P31)adj.(1)优秀的，优等的①Thismodelistechnicallysuperiortoitscompetitors.这一款在技术上超过了与之竞争的产品。(2)较高的②Theyaresuperiorinnumbertous.他们在数量上超过我们。③HeissuperiorinknowledgeofFrenchliteraturetome.在法国文学知识方面他远远高于我。n.上级，上司；级别或地位、职位更高的人④Heismyimmediatesuperiortome.他是我的顶头上司。besuperiorto...比……更好，占优势beinferiorto...较次的，次的beseniorto...比……年长bejuniorto...比……年轻

温馨提示：superioradj.优秀的；较高的①隐含着比较意义，没有比较等级。在与另一事物进行比较时，与之搭配的介词要用to，不能用than。②搭配：besuperiorto比……优越。11．完成句子①约翰的数学比王先生好。John__________________Mr.Wanginmath.②他比我小很多岁。He_________________manyyears.③他看起来很年轻，实际上他比妻子大三岁。Helooksyoung，butinfacthe________________________threeyears.issuperiortoisjuniortomebyisseniortohiswifebybeofuse＝beuseful(P29)“beof＋抽象名词”(value，importance，use，help等)主要说明主语的性质。常用于名词前的修饰语有great，little，some，any，no，much等，of不能省略。这一结构相当于“be＋抽象名词的同源形容词”。这种结构可在句中作表语、后置定语和补语。该结构的常见类型：①Weareofthesameage.我们同岁。②Thesetworoomsareofthesamesize.这两个房间的面积一样大。③Thetwogirlsareofthesameheight.这两个女孩一样高。④Theyareofgreathelp/veryhelpfultolearnersofEnglish.他们对英语学习者来说是很有帮助的。⑤Thisbookisofgreatvaluetous.＝Thisbookisveryvaluabletous.这本书对我们来说很有价值。(1)“beof＋集合名词或其他类型的名词”，of表示归属关系或“有”的意思。(2)“beof＋物质名词”表示主语是“用某种材料构成或制作的”。(3)“beof＋(表示种类、颜色、年龄、形状、价格等)名词”多用来表示主语的特征。这类结构的主语可以是人，也可以是物，其中的of可以省略。常用于该结构的名词有：kind，age，colour，size，height，shape，type，way，price等。(4)“beof＋名词”也可以表示“来源、组成”。

⑥Thearmyandthepeopleareofonefamily.军民是一家。⑦Ourbuildingwasofbricks.我们的楼房是砖建的。⑧Thesetwokindsofarticleareofthesameprice.这两种物品价格相同。⑨Hewasofapoorpeasantfamily.他出身贫农家庭。12．完成句子①他们的建议价值不大。Theirsuggestions________________________.＝Theirsuggestions_______________________.②这两只箱子同样重。Thesetwosuitcases_________________________.③他和他的妻子想法一致。Heandhiswife_______________________.areofnotmuchvaluearenotveryvaluableareofthesameweightareofthesamemindtake...for...以为；把……看作；误以为(P29)①HespeaksEnglishsowellthathe’softentakenforanative.他英语说得很好，别人都以为他的母语就是英语。②Doyoutakemeforafool？你把我当成傻瓜吗？③EventheexperttookthepaintingforagenuineofVanGogh.连行家都误认为这幅画是梵·高的真迹。take...tobe...把……看作，误认为……take...forgranted想当然，认为……是理所当然take...as...把……当作

④Itakehimtobesincere.我认为他是真诚的。⑤takesb.’spatienceasasignofweakness把某人的耐心当作软弱13．完成句子①我经常把他当成他哥哥，因为他们长得非常像。Ioften__________________________________________，becausetheyaremuchalike.②我们想当然地认为她是诚实的。We___________________thatsheishonest.takehimforhisbrother/takehimtobehisbrothertakeitforgrantedindisguise伪装；假扮；假装(P29)①anenemyinthedisguiseofafriend打着朋友幌子的敌人②Thefamousactorlikestravellingindisguise.那位著名的演员喜欢化了妆旅行。③Hewasindisguiseandnobodycouldrecognizehim.他化妆了，没有人能认出他来。④Hedisguisedhimselfasapriestwithafalsebeardandglasses.他用假胡须和眼镜伪装成一名牧师。⑤Icouldn’tdisguisemyangeranymore.我再也无法掩饰我的愤怒。(1)disguisen．假扮，化妆；伪装，假托withoutdisguise毫不掩饰，毫不隐瞒inthedisguiseof...在……的伪装下，在……的借口下(2)disguisevt.伪装，假扮，遮掩n.伪装(品)disguisesb.as把某人伪装成……14．完成句子①Theprincetraveled______________(化妆；微服)inordernottoberecognized.②Heshowedhisdissatisfaction_________________(毫不掩饰)．③She__________________________(伪装)amaid.indisguisewithoutdisguisedisguisedherselfaspassoff(P30)(1)冒充，伪装pass...offas...(把某人)改变或冒充成……①Hepassedhimselfoffasaboss.他冒充是一位老板。②ThemanpassedhimselfoffasaChinese.那人冒充成一名中国人。(2)消失，过去③Hasyourtoothachepassedoffyet?你的牙痛还没有消吗？(3)不理会，回避④Thegovernmentalwayspassesoffthiskindofquestion.政府总是回避这种问题。passaway去世；过世passout昏倒，失去知觉passby从旁边经过passthrough通过，穿过pass...onto...把……传递给……passover置之不理

15．用适当的介词或副词填空①Hismotherpassed______lastyearbecauseofcancer.②Thepaininyourfootwillsoonpass______.③Ipassed______yourhouse.④Thegoodtraditionhasbeenpassed______fromgenerationtogeneration.⑤Shepassed__________adifficultperiodafterhermarriagefailed.awayoffbydownthroughGenerallyspeaking...一般来说，总的来说……(P30)generallyspeaking由于说明说话人的看法，在句中用作插入语。①Generallyspeaking，thosewhopayattentiontophysicalexerciseareingoodhealth.一般来说，那些注意体育锻炼的人身体健康状况良好。②Personallyspeaking，Idon’tthinkmuchoftheidea.就我个人而言，我认为这个主意不怎么样。③Honestlyspeaking，Idon’tlikeitatall.老实说，我一点儿也不喜欢它。(1)personallyspeaking就个人来说roughlyspeaking粗略地说franklyspeaking坦率地说honestlyspeaking老实说strictlyspeaking严格地说properlyspeaking适当地说exactlyspeaking准确地说(2)ingeneral总体来说；大体上asageneralrule一般而言；(在)通常(情况下)

16．完成句子①一般说来，父母爱他们的孩子。________________________，parentslovetheirchildren.②总的来说，他很随和。Heiseasy­going______________.③就我个人来说，我不同意他说的话。_____________________，Idon’tagreewithwhathesaid.GenerallyspeakingingeneralPersonallyspeakingintermsof就……来说；从……角度来说(P31)①Leteachchildreadintermsofhisowntastesandchoices.让每一个孩子根据自己的兴趣爱好选择书籍阅读。②Itisdifficulttoexpressitintermsofscience.要用科学的字眼来表达它是困难的。③Intermsofmoneywe’requiterichbutnotintermsofhappiness.就金钱来说，我们富有；就幸福而言，我们缺乏。(1)cometotermswithsb.和解，妥协，让步cometotermswithsth.甘愿忍受，适应，顺从beongood/badtermswith与……关系好/坏inpolitical/practicalterms从政治/实际角度看inthelong/shortterm从长远/眼前来看(2)常见的类似短语有：insearchof寻找……inhonorof为纪念……infavorof支持……inchargeof负责……inpossessionof拥有……insupportof支持……inpraiseof表扬……incelebrationof为庆祝……inmemoryof为纪念……incaseof以防……inplaceof代替……inneedof需要……indangerof面临……的危险indefenceof为保卫……④Anexperiencedmechanicisinchargeofthejob.一位有经验的机械师负责这工作。⑤Becauseofthecontinuousheavyrain，thehouseisnowindangerofcollapse.由于连续暴雨，这座房子现在有倒塌的危险。17．完成句子①最好根据自己的兴趣爱好找工作。Itisbettertofindjobs_______________________________________________.②今年的电影不论从数量上还是质量上都不错。Itisagoodyearforfilms，________________________