福建省宁德市2023-2024学年高二上学期期末质量检测英语试题

宁德市2023—2024学年度第一学期期末高二质量检测英语试题注意事项：1、本试卷共12页。满分150分。答题时间120分钟。2、答题前，考生务必将自己的班级、姓名填写在试卷的相应位置。3、全部答案在答题卡上完成，答在本试卷上无效。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Howmuchdoesthewomanpay?A.$58.B.$67.C.$125.2.What’sJohn’sproblem?A.Nobodylistenstohim.B.Hedoesn’tspeaktoothers.C.Hequarreledwithhismother.3.Whatwilltheweatherbelikenextweek?A.Rainy.B.Hot.C.Cool.4.Whatdidthewomandothismorning?A.Wroteapaper.B.Didsomereading.C.Wentouttoexercise.5.Whycan’tthemanwatchafilmtoday?A.Heiswritinganessay.B.Hehasgotatoothache.C.Hehastogotothedentist’s.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。6.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Classmates.B.Workmates.C.Teacherandstudent.7.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthescienceteacher?A.Humorous.B.Strict.C.Easygoing.听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。8.Whatisthemangoingtodointhemorning?A.Goshopping.B.Writeanarticle.C.Takesomephotos.9.Wherewillthespeakersmeetat1:00pm?A.Atazoo.B.Atasandwichbar.C.Atabookstore.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whatisthewoman’splan?AExpandherhouse.B.Paintherhouse.C.Buyanewhouse.11.WhatisDon’sjob?A.Amusician.B.Adoctor.C.Agrocer.12.Whereisthewomangoingnow?A.Thestore.B.Amusicroom.C.Herhome.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whenarethespeakerssupposedtoleave?A.At6:10pm.B.At6:20pm.C.At6:30pm.14.Whatisthemandoing?A.Dryinghishair.B.Doingsomeshopping.C.Offeringsomesuggestions.15.Whatarethespeakersgoingfor?A.Aninterview.B.Aweddingparty.C.Abarbecueparty.16.Whatdoesthewomanwearatlast?A.Apinkdress.B.Ablackdress.C.Awhiteshirt.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whataretheoldtablesusedfor?A.Storingoldbooks.B.Keepingthemagazines.C.Placingtheputers.18.Whatcanstudentsdoatthestudydesksnow?A.Usetheprinters.B.Maketelephonecalls.C.UsetheInternet.19.Howlongcanstudentskeeplibrarybooks?A.Fortwomonths.B.Forsixweeks.C.Forthirtydays.20.Howcanstudentsrenewabooknow?A.Byemail.B.Byphone.C.Byfax.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AThesetrainroutesshowtheverybestofwinterinNorthAmerica.EmpireBuilderThesplendidviewoftheAmericanWestisonlyatrainticketaway.RunningfromChicagotoSeattle,thisroutetakesyouthroughavastlandwhereiceandsnowglitteroverthewintryland.TripsareavailablefrommidSeptembertoMarcheachyear.AureraWinterTrainThispopular,12hourtrainridetakesyoufromAnchoragetoFairbanks.Ontheway,youcangetaspectacularviewoftheAlaskanwilderness,fromsnowcappedmountainstobeautifulwildlifenativetothearealikebears.NottomentionanupcloseviewofDenali,thehighestpeakinNorthAmerica.TripsareusuallyplannedforweekendsfromNovembertomidMay.YellowstoneintheWinterThisfivedaytripbeginsandendsinSaltLakeCity,runningbetweenNovemberandMarcheveryyear.ThewintertrainrideisbuiltaroundatourofYellowstoneNationalPark.Notonlyiswildlifemucheasiertospot—especiallywolvesnativetothearea—youalsowon’thavetofightcrowdstogetagoodview.SeattleandCanadianRockiesWinterDiscoveryThisninedaytripbeginsinSeattleandtakesyouoverthebordertoourneighbortothenorth.WithstopsinVancouverandCalgary,you’resuretoseeallthebestviewsofforests,lakesandthesnowcappedmountainstheCanadianRockieshavetooffer.ThetrainrunsonselectdatesfromNovembertoApril.1.IfyouwanttotravelinOctober,whichtraintripissuitableforyou?A.EmpireBuilder. B.AuroraWinterTrain.C.YellowstoneintheWinter. D.SeatleandCanadianRockiesWinterDiscovery.2.WhatdoAuroraWinterTrainandYellowstoneintheWinterhaveinmon?A.They’rebothcrowdedthroughtheyear.B.Theyoperateforthesameperiodoftime.C.Travelershaveachancetoseeanimalsinnature.D.TravelerscanspotthehighestmountaininNorthAmerica.3.WhatisuniqueaboutSeattleandCanadianRockiesWinterDiscovery?A.Thetrainrunsallyearlong. B.Ittoursaroundanationalpark.C.Snowcappedmountainscanbeseen. D.Thetraintakesyoutoanothercountry.【答案】1.A2.C3.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了四条北美冬季火车旅行路线。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据EmpireBuilder下的“TripsareavailablefrommidSeptembertoMarcheachyear.(每年9月中旬至次年3月提供旅行服务。)”可知，如果想在10月旅行，EmpireBuilder最适合，故选A项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据AureraWinterTrain下的“Ontheway,youcangetaspectacularviewoftheAlaskanwilderness,fromsnowcappedmountainstobeautifulwildlifenativetothearealikebears.(在途中，你可以欣赏到阿拉斯加荒野的壮丽景色，从白雪皑皑的山脉到美丽的野生动物，如熊。)”及YellowstoneintheWinter下的“Notonlyiswildlifemucheasiertospot—especiallywolvesnativetothearea—youalsowon’thavetofightcrowdstogetagoodview.(不仅野生动物更容易被发现，尤其是当地的狼，而且你也不必为了获得良好的视野而与人群搏斗。)”可知，AuroraWinterTrain和Yellowstone共同点是游客都有机会在自然环境中看到动物，故选C项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据SeattleandCanadianRockiesWinterDiscovery下的“ThisninedaytripbeginsinSeattleandtakesyouoverthebordertoourneighbortothenorth.(这个为期九天的旅行从西雅图开始，带您越过边境到我们北部的邻居。)”可知，这个火车旅行会带你穿过边境进入加拿大，所以SeattleandCanadianRockiesWinterDiscovery的独特之处是火车带你去另一个国家，故选D项。BAt19,determinednottospendmygapyearstuckathome,ItookoffwithafriendandwetraveledaroundEuropeformonths.Westayedinthecheapestacmodationandlivedonbreadandcheese.Thiswas1990,atimebeforemobilephonesandtheInternet,whentheprimarycontactwithhomewasmailsfromthepostoffice.BeforeIleft,Momhadmademeamoneybagandasleepingsheettoavoiduncleanbedding.Shedidn’twantmetogo,andthesegiftswereherwayoftellingmetohaveawonderfultime.It’sonlynow,asmy18yearolddaughterispreparingtoleaveonherowngapyeartrip,thatIunderstandhowMomfelt.Whileworkingmultiplejobsandsavingmoney,mydaughterhasalsoresearchedwheretostay,howtogetaroundandwhattodobeforesettingoff.SherarelyasksformyopinionandIamunsurewhetherIshouldwadein(介入)orbackoff.Iwanttobesupportivebutnottooinvolved.Iwanttobecoolbutnotaloof(漠不关心的).Iwanttobeliketheperfecttravelguide.Afterall,whenshefirstmentionedgapyeartravel,Iwasencouraging,wantinghertohaveherownexperiencesthatshapeher.ThoughI’mnotquiteready,thistripisabouther.Thisisnot1990andIamnotstuckathomewaitingforaletter.Therefore,Ihaven’tconcentratedtoolongontheideaofhernotbeinghere.Ihavepromisednottobotherherwithmessages,butatleastIknowshecancontactmewhenshewantsto.4.Whatdoweknowabouttheauthor’stravelin1990?AShetraveledaroundEuropealone. B.Sheprobablycontactedhomebyletter.C.Sheworkedmultiplejobswhiletraveling. D.Shebookedheracmodationsonline.5.Whatbotheredtheauthoraboutherdaughter’supingtrip?A.Shewasworriedaboutthecostofthetrip.B.Shehadlittleknowledgeaboutthedestination.C.Shewasunsureofhowinvolvedsheshouldbe.D.Shedoubtedherdaughter’sabilitytolookafterherself.6.Whatdidtheauthorfinallydecidetodo?A.Tumablindeyetoherdaughter. B.Takechargeofherdaughter’strip.C.Contactherdaughterasoftenaspossible. D.Stayconnectedbutnotdisturbtoomuch.7.What’stheauthor’spurposeofwritingthetext?A.Toanalyseparentchildrelationship.B.Tosuggesthowtoplanagapyeartrip.C.Toparedifferentgapyeartravelexperiences.D.Tosharemixedfeelingsaboutherdaughter’strip.【答案】4.B5.C6.D7.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者通过讲述自己在1990年的欧洲环行体验和对女儿即将进行的gapyear旅行的混合感觉，展现了作为母亲的担忧、理解和支持。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据原文第一段中“At19,determinednottospendmygapyearstuckathome,ItookoffwithafriendandwetraveledaroundEuropeformonths.Westayedinthecheapestacmodationandlivedonbreadandcheese.(19岁时，我决心不在家里度过我的间隔年，我和一个朋友一起旅行，我们在欧洲旅行了几个月。我们住在最便宜的住宿，靠面包和奶酪生活。)”及第二段中“Thiswas1990,atimebeforemobilephonesandtheInternet,whentheprimarycontactwithhomewasmailsfromthepostoffice.(那是1990年，在移动和互联网出现之前，当时与家庭的主要联系是来自邮局的邮件。)”可知，作者是通过邮件和家里人进行联系的，故选B项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“SherarelyasksformyopinionandIamunsurewhetherIshouldwadein(介入)orbackoff.Iwanttobesupportivebutnottooinvolved.(她很少征求我的意见，我不确定我是应该涉足还是退缩。我想提供支持，但不要太参与。)”可知，作者担心自己介入太多导致干涉，她不确定自己应该参与到什么程度，故选C项。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中“Therefore,Ihaven’tconcentratedtoolongontheideaofhernotbeinghere.Ihavepromisednottobotherherwithmessages,butatleastIknowshecancontactmewhenshewantsto.(因此，我没有太长时间专注于她不在这里的想法。我已经答应不会用信息打扰她，但至少我知道她可以在她想要的时候联系我。)”可知，作者最终决定保持联系但不打扰太多，故选D项。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第三段“It’sonlynow,asmy18yearolddaughterispreparingtoleaveonherowngapyeartrip,thatIunderstandhowMomfelt.(直到现在，当我18岁的女儿准备离开她自己的间隔年旅行时，我才理解妈妈的感受。)”及全文可知，直到现在，当我18岁的女儿准备离开她自己的间隔年旅行时，我才理解妈妈的感受。所以短文的目的是分享她对女儿旅行的复杂感受。故选D项。CIfthere’ssuchapersonasayoungSTEMicon,GitanjaliRaoistheone.InApril2014,thecityofFlintdisconnectedfromDetroit’swaterlineasacostcuttingmeasureandbegantodrawwaterfromtheFlintRiver.Soonafter,shockinglyhighlevelsoflead(铅)werefoundinthecity’swatersupply.Residentsincludingchildrenwereshowingupwithmysteriousrashesandotherillnesses.Whenshelearnedaboutthecrisis,Gitanjalidecidedtodosomething.“IwasshockedandIwantedtodosomethingtochangethis,”shesaid.Inspirationreallystruckheraftershewatchedherengineerparentstestforleadinthetapwater.Shedecidedtobuildaleaddetectingdevicethatwouldbeeasyandaffordableforanyonetouse.In2017,shedevelopedadevicecalledTethys.Itwonherthetitle“America’sTopYoungScientist”inthe3MYoungScientistChallenge.Meanwhile,Raohadbeenworkingonsolutionstootherissuesshecaredabout.ShestarteddevelopingEpione,adevicethattestsproteininbodyfluidsamplestodetectopioid(阿片类药物)usedisorder,in2018.“Manypeopleneedopioidsandendupwithseriousaddictions,”shesaid.“Physiciansdon’thaveanyeasytoolstodetectopioidaddictionatanearlystage.”Additionally,RaolaunchedanAlbased,anticyberbullyingappcalledKindlyinMay2020.“Youtypeinasentence,andit’sabletopickawordorphraseoutifit’sbullying,anditgivesyoutheoptiontoeditit,”saidRao.“Asateenager,Iknowteenagerstendtolashoutsometimes,thoughunintentionally.Theappgivesyouthechancetostopandthinkaboutyourwordsbeforeyouhit‘Send’.”8.WhydidFlintstopdrawingwaterfromDetroit?A.Flintwantedtosavesomemoney.B.Flintaimedtodevelopitslocaleconomy.C.Theresidentsworriedaboutwatersafety.D.ThepublicforcedFlinttochangeitswatersupply.9.WhatmadeGitanjaliwanttodosomethingforFlint’swatercrisis?A.HerSTEMcourse’srequirement. B.Herwishtoinspireothers.C.HerpityforFlint’sresidents. D.Herdeterminationtohelpherparents.10.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“lashout”inParagraph5?A.Toadoptnewideas. B.Tomakeverbalattack.C.Toexchangeopinions. D.Toshowofftheirabilities.11.HowwouldyoudescribeGitanjali?A.Smartandcaring. B.Innovativeandgentle.C.Creativeandhonest. D.Helpfulandgrateful.【答案】8.A9.C10.B11.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了年轻的GitanjaliRao以及她为解决弗林特市水危机和其他问题所做的努力和创新。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段中“InApril2014,thecityofFlintdisconnectedfromDetroit’swaterlineasacostcuttingmeasureandbegantodrawwaterfromtheFlintRiver.(2014年4月，弗林特市作为削减成本的措施与底特律的供水管线断开，并开始从弗林特河取水。)”可知，弗林特是为了节省成本，所以停止了从底特律取水。故选A项。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Residentsincludingchildrenwereshowingupwithmysteriousrashesandotherillnesses.(包括儿童在内的居民都出现了神秘的皮疹和其他疾病。)”及第三段中“Whenshelearnedaboutthecrisis,Gitanjalidecidedtodosomething.“IwasshockedandIwantedtodosomethingtochangethis,”shesaid.(当她得知这场危机时，吉檀伽利决定做点什么。“我很震惊，我想做点什么来改变这一点，”她说。)”可知，吉特安吉丽为弗林特的水危机做点什么，是因为她听说了这个危机，她感到震惊并希望做些什么来改变这个状况。是她对弗林特居民的怜悯让Gitanjali想为弗林特的水危机做点什么，故选C项。【10题详解】词义猜测题。根据文章第五段中““Youtypeinasentence,andit’sabletopickawordorphraseoutifit’sbullying,anditgivesyoutheoptiontoeditit,”saidRao.“Asateenager,Iknowteenagerstendtolashoutsometimes,thoughunintentionally.Theappgivesyouthechancetostopandthinkaboutyourwordsbeforeyouhit‘Send’.”(“你输入一个句子，如果它是欺凌，它能够挑选出一个单词或短语，它让你可以选择编辑它，”Rao说。“作为一个青少年，我知道青少年有时会猛烈抨击，尽管是无意的。该应用程序让您有机会在点击“发送”之前停下来思考您的话。)”可知，“lashout”在这里表示在网络上发表恶意的、攻击性的言论。故选B项。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据全文了解到，Gitanjali发明了多个设备来帮助解决社会问题，她不仅聪明，有创新精神，在攻克问题方面也展现出了大爱。所以Gitanjali是一个聪明又有爱心的人，故选A项。DAfternearly70yearsofspaceexploration,Earthisnowsurroundedbyspacejunk.Recently,anaccidentmadethecleanupmoredifficulttostart.AccordingtotheEuropeanSpaceAgency(ESA),scientistsplanontestingtheir“junktruck”,ClearSpace1,in2025.It’saspacecraftwithfourarmsthatcancatchdebris(碎片)andbringitbacktoEarth.TheyhavechosentobringbackVESPA,a113kilogram,twometerwiderocketpart.However,inAugust,itwashitbyanotherpieceofspacejunk,creatingnewpieces.TheESAisnowrevisingitscleanupplan.MostsatellitestodayaresentintoEarth’sloworbit,whichreachesuptoaround2,000kilometersabovetheEarth.There,spacecraftaremostlikelytocrashwitheachother.Theremaybeasmanyas170millionpiecesofspacejunkinorbit.Bigorsmall,anyofthepiecescancauseharmtoaspacecraft.Intermsofthecleanup,scientistshavesomeotherideas.Onepopularplanistoequipaspacecraftwithharpoons(叉)andmagnets(磁铁).Thecraftwouldshoottheharpoontostickintothedebrisbefore“throwing”itbacktoEarth.Magnetscouldmovethedebris,changingitsdirection.ThedebriswouldburnafterenteringEarth’satmospheresotherewouldn’tbemuchleftwhenitreachesEarth.Scientistsarealsoconsideringshootinglasers(激光)fromspacecrafttoheatupthedebris’surface,creatingasmallpushthatwouldchangethedebris’orbit.ThischangewouldallowthedebristobecaughtbyEarth’sgravity.Spacejunkcanbeverydangerous,andspaceagenciesaroundtheworldaretestingandplanningthecleanup.Butwhyhaven’ttheydoneanythingyet?Onereasonistheexpense.Itwouldtakebetween$4,000and$60,000perkilogramtocatchonepieceofdebrislargerthan10cm.Andaround$300millionisneededtodevelopthelasertechnology.12.What’sthemissionofClearSpace1?A.TomarkEarth’sloworbit. B.Tomonitorspacedebris.C.Tostudytheharmofspacejunk. D.TobringVESPAbacktoEarth.13.Howdolasersworkincleaningupspacedebris?A.Byburningitupinspace. B.Bypushingitintodeeperspace.C.Bymovingittowardsaspacecraft. D.Byredirectingitintotheatmosphere.14.What’sadisadvantageofthecleanupaccordingtothelasttwoparagraphs?A.It’splex. B.It’srisky. C.It’scostly. D.It’schangeable.15.Whatmightbeasuitabletitle?A.EscapingfromCrowdedSpace B.LookingforWaystoCleanupSpaceC.DangerousSpaceDebris D.ExceptionalSpaceExploration【答案】12.A13.D14.C15.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了经过近70年的太空探索，地球现在被太空垃圾包围，欧洲航天局为了带回太空垃圾碎片VESPA准备发射ClearSpace1，它是一艘带有四只机械臂的航天器，可以捕捉太空垃圾并将其带回地球。然而最近发生的一起事故使得清理工作变得更加困难。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段中“AccordingtotheEuropeanSpaceAgency(ESA),scientistsplanontestingtheir“junktruck”,ClearSpace1,in2025.It’saspacecraftwithfourarmsthatcancatchdebris(碎片)andbringitbacktoEarth.TheyhavechosentobringbackVESPA,a113kilogram,twometerwiderocketpart.(据欧洲航天局称，科学家计划在2025年测试他们“垃圾卡车”ClearSpace1。它是一种有四个臂的航天器，可以捕捉碎片并将其带回地球。他们选择带回VESPA，一个113公斤，两米宽的火箭部件。)”可知，ClearSpace1的任务是把VESPA带回地球，故选A项。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第四段中“Scientistsarealsoconsideringshootinglasers(激光)fromspacecrafttoheatupthedebris’surface,creatingasmallpushthatwouldchangethedebris’orbit.ThischangewouldallowthedebristobecaughtbyEarth’sgravity.(科学家们还在考虑从航天器发射激光来加热碎片的表面，从而产生一个小小的推动力，从而改变碎片的轨道。这种变化将使碎片被地球引力捕获。)”可知，激光通过加热太空垃圾的表面，改变其轨道，使其进入地球大气层，所以激光是通过将太空垃圾重定向进入地球大气层来清理太空垃圾，故选D项。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后两段“Spacejunkcanbeverydangerous,andspaceagenciesaroundtheworldaretestingandplanningthecleanup.Butwhyhaven’ttheydoneanythingyet?Onereasonistheexpense.Itwouldtakebetween$4,000and$60,000perkilogramtocatchonepieceofdebrislargerthan10cm.Andaround$300millionisneededtodevelopthelasertechnology.(太空垃圾可能非常危险，世界各地的航天机构正在测试和计划清理工作。但为什么他们还没有做任何事情呢？一个原因是费用。每公斤需要4，000到60，000美元才能捕获一块大于10厘米的碎片。开发激光技术需要大约3亿美元。)”可知，清理太空垃圾的一个缺点是费用高昂，故选C项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据整篇文章内容可知，文章主要讨论了太空垃圾问题以及清理太空垃圾的方案和困难性，因此B项“LookingforWaystoCleanupSpace(寻找清理太空垃圾的方法)”最适合作为标题，故选B项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后所给的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。Perhapsyouareanaveragestudentwithaverageintelligence,andyouthinkyou’llneverbeatopstudent.___16___.We’llwalkthroughsomeofthebeststudytechniqueshere.Studynewmaterialwithin24hours___17___.Ifnot,theinformationwillbepushedtothebackburnerofyourmind.Andyourbrainwillgenerallythrowitawayratherthanstoringitintoyourlongtermmemory.Somakeahabitoftakingnotesinclassandthenrevisingthematerialwithin24Hours.RewritethematerialinyourownwordsIfyou’rerequiredtoreadlargebodiesoftext,makesuretopauseattheendofaparagraphorasectionand—withoutlooking!—thinkaboutwhatthetextjuststated.Summarizeitinyourownwords.Nowglancebackoverthematerialtocheckifit’scorrect.___18___.TestyourselfwithflashcardsWhiletestingyourself,separateyourflashcardsintotwopiles.InPile1,placethecardsyouknewcorrectly;inPile2,placetheonesyoudidn’tknow.NowonlystudycardsinPile2.___19___.RepeattheprocessuntilallthecardsareinPile1.Finallyreexaminethewholepileagaintomakesureyou’vememorizedtheinformationonallthecards.___20___Teachingothersisagreatwaytoconsolidate(巩固)whatyou’velearned.Findastudypartner,orevenjustastuffedanimal,andexplainthematerialtothem.Theactofteachingrequiresyoutoreframetheinformationandexplainitclearly,whichhelpsyoukeepitinyourmindmoreeasily.A.InstructsomeoneelseB.TeachthematerialtoyourselfC.ThengothroughthemandplacethemintotwopilesagainD.So,copyingallbodiesoftextisaneffectivestudytechniqueE.However,youcanreceivebettergradesbyimprovingyourwaystostudyF.SetasidesometimetoreviewanynewinformationyoulearnonthesamedayG.Byrephrasingthetext,youcanbesureyou’reactuallyunderstandingitsmeaning【答案】16.E17.F18.G19.C20.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些有助于提高学习成绩的学习方法。【16题详解】根据上文“Perhapsyouareanaveragestudentwithaverageintelligence,andyouthinkyou’llneverbeatopstudent.(也许你是一个智力一般的普通学生，你认为你永远不会成为一个优等生)”以及后文“We’llwalkthroughsomeofthebeststudytechniqueshere.(我们将在这里介绍一些最好的学习技巧)”可知，本句与上文构成转折，指出可以成为优等生，后文给出方法。故E选项“然而，你可以通过改进你的学习方法来获得更好的成绩”符合语境，故选E。17题详解】根据后文“Ifnot,theinformationwillbepushedtothebackburnerofyourmind.Andyourbrainwillgenerallythrowitawayratherthanstoringitintoyourlongtermmemory.Somakeahabitoftakingnotesinclassandthenrevisingthematerialwithin24Hours.(否则，这些信息就会被抛到脑后。你的大脑通常会把它扔掉，而不是储存在你的长期记忆中。所以要养成上课记笔记的习惯，然后在24小时内复习)”可知，本段主要建议强调学到的内容，储存为长期记忆，故F选项“留出一些时间来复习当天学到的新知识”符合语境，故选F。【18题详解】根据标题“Rewritethematerialinyourownwords(用你自己的话重写材料)”以及上文“Ifyou’rerequiredtoreadlargebodiesoftext,makesuretopauseattheendofaparagraphorasectionand—withoutlooking!—thinkaboutwhatthetextjuststated.Summarizeitinyourownwords.Nowglancebackoverthematerialtocheckifit’scorrect.(如果你需要阅读大量的文章，请确保在段落或部分的末尾暂停——不要看！——想想文章刚刚说了什么。用你自己的话总结一下。现在回头看一下材料，看看是否正确)”可知，本段的主旨是通过重写文章来学习，本句为本段最后一句，故说明这么做的好处，故G选项“通过改写文章，你可以确定你确实理解了它的意思”符合语境，故选G。【19题详解】根据上文“Whiletestingyourself,separateyourflashcardsintotwopiles.InPile1,placethecardsyouknewcorrectly;inPile2,placetheonesyoudidn’tknow.NowonlystudycardsinPile2.(在测试自己的时候，把你的抽认卡分成两堆。在第一堆，放你正确知道的牌；在第二堆，放你不认识的。现在只研究第二堆的卡片)”以及后文“RepeattheprocessuntilallthecardsareinPile1.(重复这个过程，直到所有的牌都在第一堆)”可知，本句主要是在说明重复上文把卡片分成两堆的步骤，故C选项“然后把它们翻一遍，再分成两堆”符合语境，故选C。【20题详解】根据本段内容“Teachingothersisagreatwaytoconsolidate(巩固)whatyou’velearned.Findastudypartner,orevenjustastuffedanimal,andexplainthematerialtothem.Theactofteachingrequiresyoutoreframetheinformationandexplainitclearly,whichhelpsyoukeepitinyourmindmoreeasily.(教给别人是巩固你所学知识的好方法。找一个学习伙伴，甚至只是一个毛绒玩具，向他们解释材料。教学的过程需要你重新构建信息并清晰地解释它，这有助于你更容易地记住它)”可知，本段的建议是通过教别人来巩固所学知识，A选项中Instruct对应后文Teaching。故A选项“指导别人”符合语境，故选A。第三部分英语知识运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。At14,Iwasthenewgirlataruralschool.Therewere28kidsinmyclass,whichwasequally___21___betweenboysandgirls.Theothergirlsasagroupkeptmea(n)___22___.Theylaughedatmeabouteverythinglikemybrightredhair,myheight,etc.Althoughmyparentsfortedme,sayingallthe___23___thingslike“Giveittime”and“Oncetheygettoknowyou,they’llloveyou.”,Istillfeltsadand___24___myselftosleep.Iwantedtobelievethem,butthings___25___otherwise.Then,afewmonthslater,myparents’predictions___26___.Iwasplayingoutforthegirls’baseballteamwhena___27___rocketedrightatme.Iputmygloveup___28___andtheballpackeditselfrightintomyglove.Thatplay___29___thegame,andwebeattheboys’teamforthefirsttime.Well,afterthegame,thegirlscouldn’tjustexclude(排除在外)mefromthe____30____party.Itturnedoutthey____31____mysenseofhumorandmybrightredhair.Suddenly,Iwas“in.”Friendshipsgrew,andsoonIwas____32____intheovernightsandbirthdayparties.Fromthenon,mylifewas____33____.Ifoundmyselfnolongeranoutsider.Thevictoryonthebaseballfield____34____thedivide,andIfoundatruesenseofbelonging.Toanyonewhomayfeel____35____orexcluded,Iwouldsay:“Giveittime.Don’tlosehope.”21.A.divided B.exchanged C.chosen D.shared22.A.athlete B.petitor C.volunteer D.outsider23.A.extra B.funny C.right D.special24.A.cried B.reminded C.allowed D.expected25.A.required B.proved C.decided D.provided26.A.wentthrough B.fellapart C.cametrue D.movedon27.A.glove B.ball C.book D.boy28.A.inreturn B.incontrast C.insupport D.indefence29.A.ruined B.saved C.controlled D.slowed30.A.victory B.birthday C.graduation D.holiday31.A.discovered B.copied C.ignored D.liked32.A.enrolled B.trapped C.included D.interrupted33.A.challenged B.transformed C.planned D.recalled34.A.bridged B.explained C.caused D.adjusted35.A.curious B.exhausted C.alone D.annoyed【答案】21.A22.D23.C24.A25.D26.C27.B28.D29.B30.A31.D32.C33.B34.A35.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。要讲述了一个14岁的女孩作为新生在一个农村学校的经历。故事中，女孩面对其他女孩团体的排挤和嘲笑，感到伤心和孤立。然而，在参加女子棒球队的比赛中展示了自己的才华后，她赢得了其他女孩们的喜欢和接纳，并获得了真正的归属感。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我班上有28个孩子，男女各一半。A.divided分割；B.exchanged交换；C.chosen选择；D.shared共享。根据“Therewere28kidsinmyclass,whichwasequally___1___betweenboysandgirls.”可知，班上一共有28个孩子，男女各一半，equallydivided表示“平分，相等”，故选A项。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：其他女孩们将我排斥在外，我成为一个局外人。A.athlete运动员；B.petitor竞争者；C.volunteer志愿者；D.outsider局外人。根据下文“Theylaughedatmeabouteverythinglikemybrightredhair,myheight”及“Ifoundmyselfnolongeranoutsider.”可知，作者被其他小女孩排斥，成为了局外人，故选D项。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然我的父母安慰我，说了所有正确的话，比如“给它时间”和“一旦他们了解你，他们就会爱你”，但我仍然感到难过，哭着睡着了。A.extra额外的；B.funny有趣的；C.right正确的；D.special特殊的。根据下文““Giveittime”and“Oncetheygettoknowyou,they’llloveyou.””可知，父母是告诉了作者一些正确的话，故选C项。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然我的父母安慰我，说了所有正确的话，比如“给它时间”和“一旦他们了解你，他们就会爱你”，但我仍然感到难过，哭着睡着了。A.cried哭泣；B.reminded提醒；C.allowed允许；D.expected期待。根据“Istillfeltsadand___4___myselftosleep”可知，作者是因难过哭着睡着了，故选A项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想相信他们，但事实并非如此。A.required要求；B.proved证明；C.decided决定；D.provided提供。根据“Iwantedtobelievethem,butthings___5___otherwise.”可知，作者想相信他们，但是事实证明并非如此，故选D项。【26题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：然后，几个月后，我父母的预言成真了。A.wentthrough经历；B.fellapart分崩离析；C.cametrue实现；D.movedon继续前进。根据下文“Ifoundmyselfnolongeranoutsider.Thevictoryonthebaseballfield___14___thedivide,andIfoundatruesenseofbelonging.”可知，父母以前说“一旦他们了解你，他们就会爱你”的预言成真了，故选C项。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当时我正在女子棒球队打球，一个球正好向我飞来。A.glove手套；B.ball球；C.book书；D.boy男孩。根句下文“theballpackeditselfrightintomyglove”可知，作者在打球的时候一个球正好飞来，故选B项。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我戴上手套作为防守，球自己就打进了我的手套里。A.inreturn回报；B.incontrast对比；C.insupport支持；D.indefence防守。根据“Iputmygloveup”可知，作者戴上手套是为了防守，故选D项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：那次表现挽救了比赛，我们第一次击败了男子队伍。A.ruined毁掉；B.saved挽救；C.controlled控制；D.slowed慢速。根据下文“webeattheboys’teamforthefirsttime.”可知，此处表示挽救了比赛，击败了男子队，故选B项。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：好吧，比赛结束后，女孩们不能将我排除在胜利派对之外。A.victory胜利；B.birthday生日；C.graduation毕业；D.holiday假期。根据上文“webeattheboys’teamforthefirsttime”可知，是胜利派对，故选A项。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实证明，她们喜欢我的幽默感和鲜艳的红发。A.discovered发现；B.copied抄袭；C.ignored忽略；D.liked喜欢。根据上文“Theylaughedatmeabouteverythinglikemybrightredhair,myheight”及“Itturnedoutthey___11___mysenseofhumorandmybrightredhair.”可知，以前她们嘲笑作者的红头发，现在她们喜欢作者的幽默感和红发，故选D项。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：友谊不断加深，很快我也被邀请参加过夜和生日派对。A.enrolled登记；B.trapped被困；C.included包括，算在内；D.interrupted打扰。呼应上文“Well,afterthegame,thegirlscouldn’tjustexclude( 排除在外 )me

”可知，过夜和生日派对作者也包括在内，故选C项。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：从那以后，我的生活发生了转变。A.challenged挑战；B.transformed转变；C.planned计划；D.recalled回忆。根据下文“Ifoundmyselfnolongeranoutsider.”可知，作者不再是局外人，生活发生了转变，故选B项。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：棒球场上的胜利弥补了分歧，我找到了真正的归属感。A.bridged弥补；B.explained解释；C.caused引起；D.adjusted调整。根据“Thevictoryonthebaseballfield___14___thedivide,andIfoundatruesenseofbelonging.”可知此处是指因球场上的胜利，弥补了作者和其他女生之间的分歧，使作者有了归属感，故选A项。【35题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对于任何可能感到孤独或被排斥的人，我会说：“给它时间，不要失去希望”。A.curious好奇的；B.exhausted疲惫不堪的；C.alone孤独的；D.annoyed生气的。根据“Toanyonewhomayfeel___15___orexcluded”可知，此处是指对于那些像作者一样曾经感到孤独和被排斥的人，故选C项。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。TheCulturalLandscapeofOldTeaForestsoftheJingmaiMountaininPu’ergainedtheWorldHeritageSitestatusonSeptember17th2023,beingChina’sfirstWorldHeritageSiterelated___36__