广东省梅州市2023-2024学年高三年级4月总复习质检（二模）英语试题(解析版)

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1广东省梅州市2023-2024学年高三年级4月总复习质检（二模）英语试题第一部分听力第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AFreeCommunitySwapContact:CatherineCrawford,(718)809-1603ccrawford@JonKlar,(646)530-0381jklar@NewYorkerslookingtoreduce,reuse,andsavemoneythisyearareinvitedtoparticipateinStop‘N’Swap,afreecommunityeventorganizedbylocalnonprofitGrowNYC.TheaverageNYChouseholdthrowsawayabout2,000poundsofwasteayear.ByreusingthrougheventslikeStop‘N’Swap,NYCresidentscantakepartinsavingover40millionpoundsofmaterialfromlandfilleveryyear.Takeabreakfromshopping,supportacleanerfuture,andjointheever-growingreusecommunity!WHAT:FreeStop‘N’SwapCommunityReuseEventWHEN:February19th，12pm-3pmWHERE:BronxWorksClassicCommunityCenter-286East156thStreet,Bronx,NY10451Thepublicisinvitedtobringcleanandreusableitems.Nooneisrequiredtobringsomethingtotakesomething-youcansimplyshowupwithabagandseewhat’sfreeforthetaking.Books,toys,clothing,andelectronicsarejustsomeoftheofferings.Furnitureandotherlargeitemsarenotacceptedattheswap.Anythingleftoverattheendofthedayisdonatedorrecycled.Stop‘N’SwapshavedevelopedaregularfollowingamongenvironmentallyconsciousNewYorkers.Afteralmosttwoyearswithoutswaps,GrowNYChassetagoalofhostingoneswapineachofthecity’s59communitydistrictseachyear,providingopportunitiestomakeNYCtrulylivable-aplacewhereeverypersoncanenjoyahealthierlife.1.WhatshouldyoudotogetmoreinformationfromCatherine?A.Cal1(646)530-0381. B.Cal1(718)809-1603.C.Emailjklar@. D.Visit286East156thStreet,Bronx.2.WhatitemsareunacceptableattheStop‘N’Swap?A.Dry-as-dustbooks. B.Old-fashionedclothes.C.Out-of-dateelectronics. D.Second-handfurniture.3.WhatistheaimofGrowNYC’sStop‘N’Swap?A.TomakeNYCabetterplacetolive.B.ToenrichNewYorkers’communitylife.C.ToreducethecostofdealingwithwasteinNYC.D.Toencouragedistrictstocompeteinsustainability.【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了GrowNYC组织的免费社区交换活动。〖答案〗1.B2.D3.A【1题详析】细节理解题。由文章Contact:部分中“CatherineCrawford,(718)809-1603”可知，应该拨打(718)809-1603才能从凯瑟琳那里得到更多的信息。故选B。【2题详析】细节理解题。由文章倒数第二段中“Furnitureandotherlargeitemsarenotacceptedattheswap.(家具和其他大件物品不接受交换。)”可知，家具和其他大件物品在交换中是不可接受的。故选D。【3题详析】细节理解题。由文章最后一段中“Afteralmosttwoyearswithoutswaps,GrowNYChassetagoalofhostingoneswapineachofthecity’s59communitydistrictseachyear,providingopportunitiestomakeNYCtrulylivable-aplacewhereeverypersoncanenjoyahealthierlife.(在近两年没有交换之后，GrowNYC设定了一个目标，即每年在纽约市的59个社区中每个社区举办一次交换，为纽约市真正的宜居提供机会——一个每个人都能享受更健康生活的地方。)”可知，活动的目的是让纽约成为更适合居住的地方。故选A。BAtfirstlook,theplaygroundattheChildren’sGuild-TransformationAcademyinBaltimore,Maryland,lookslikeanyother.Ithasswings,slides,andplacesforchildrentoclimbandcrawl.Buttheplaygroundisnotjustaplaceforfun.Itisalsoaplacewherestudentscanlearn,growandgainindependence.Everything—fromthekindofsurfaceitsitson,tothecolorofitssittingareas,totheplacementofthesurroundingfence—isspecificallydesignedforkidswithautism(自闭症).MarkRapaportisthemanagingdirectorofautismservicesattheTransformationAcademy.Hesaidtheschoolacceptsstudentsaged5to21withautismspectrumdisorder(ASD)andarelower-functioning.RapaportsaidthegoalofTransformationAcademyistomakethestudentsasindependentaspossibleinanefforttohelpthemprepareforadultlife.Theschoolaimstoprovidehelpwithdevelopingcommunicationandsocialskills,aswellaspracticalabilitieslikecleaningorcooking.TheplaygrounddesignedbyMarylandcompanySparks@Play,usingstructuresmanufacturedbyLandscapeStructures,Inc.tookamonthtodevelop,saidDanHack.HeworksforSparks@Playandhelpedleadtheplayground’sdesign.Hacksaidheandothersspentweeksgettingtoknowthestudentsandunderstandingtheirneedsbeforeanybuildingwasstarted.Thedesignprocessinvolvedphysicaltherapists,occupationaltherapists,andotherspecialists.Thehuge$500,000projectwasfundedwithsupportfromthestateofMarylandandthenonprofitOrokawaFoundation.Partsoftheplaygroundthatseemsmallareveryimportantforchildrenwithautismandotherdisabilities.Thesurroundingfenceextendsintoawoodedareatomakeitseemmoreopen.Andthegroundundertheplayareasismadeofsoft,butsolidmaterialstosupportstudentsusingwheelchairsorcrutches.Thebenchesontheoutsideoftheplaygroundlooksimplefromfaraway,butare“oneofourmostinclusivesensory”elements,Hacksaid.Theyhavemanydifferentcolorsthatbringaboutfeelingsofcalmandcuriosity.Theyarealsomadewithsmoothmaterialthatcanbefeltandmoved.Theacademy’sRapaportsaidifachildstartstofeeluneasy,theycansitdownandfeelthebench,whichcanhelpthemrelax.4.WhyistheplaygroundinBaltimoredesignedwithspecialmaterials?A.Tomakeitsuperiortootherplaygrounds. B.Tobetterservechildrenwithautism.C.Toimprovethequalityoftheplayground. D.Tomakeiteasierforkidstoclimbandcrawl.5.Whatcanwelearnfromtheplaygroundproject?A.Ittookamonthtocompletetheproject. B.Thedesignprocessissimpleandeasy.C.Theresultoftheprojectisuncertain. D.It’samoney-consumingproject.6.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A.Thescaleandthestructureoftheplayground.B.Waysforkidstofreefromthestressandrelaxthemselves.C.Theunderlyinglogicandreasonablefactorsoftheplayground.D.Theadvantagesoftheplaygroundforautismanddisabledkids.7.WhichbestdescribestheplaygroundinBaltimore?A.Advanced. B.Environmental-friendly. C.Functional. D.Convenient.【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了马里兰州巴尔的摩市专门为患有自闭症和其他残障的学生设计了一家游乐场，旨在帮助他们学习、成长和获得独立性，使他们能够更好地融入社会并提高生活质量。〖答案〗4.B5.D6.C7.C【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Everything—fromthekindofsurfaceitsitson,tothecolorofitssittingareas,totheplacementofthesurroundingfence—isspecificallydesignedforkidswithautism(自闭症).(一切东西——从它提供的表面座位种类，到它的座位区域的颜色，到周围围栏的位置——都是专门为自闭症儿童设计的)”和最后一段中“Andthegroundundertheplayareasismadeofsoft,butsolidmaterialstosupportstudentsusingwheelchairsorcrutches.(游乐区下面的地面是由柔软但坚固的材料制成的，以支持使用轮椅或拐杖的学生)”和“Theyarealsomadewithsmoothmaterialthatcanbefeltandmoved.Theacademy’sRapaportsaidifachildstartstofeeluneasy,theycansitdownandfeelthebench,whichcanhelpthemrelax.(它们也是用光滑的材料制成的，可以触摸和移动。该学院的Rapaport说，如果孩子开始感到不安，他们可以坐下来摸摸长凳，这可以帮助他们放松)”可知，巴尔的摩的游乐场要用特殊材料来设计是为了更好地服务自闭症儿童。故选B。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段的“Thehuge$500,000projectwasfundedwithsupportfromthestateofMarylandandthenonprofitOrokawaFoundation.(这个耗资50万美元的庞大项目得到了马里兰州和非营利组织小川基金会的支持)”可知，这个操场项目耗资巨大。故选D。【6题详析】主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Partsoftheplaygroundthatseemsmallareveryimportantforchildrenwithautismandotherdisabilities.Thesurroundingfenceextendsintoawoodedareatomakeitseemmoreopen.Andthegroundundertheplayareasismadeofsoft,butsolidmaterialstosupportstudentsusingwheelchairsorcrutches.Thebenchesontheoutsideoftheplaygroundlooksimplefromfaraway,butare‘oneofourmostinclusivesensory’elements,Hacksaid.Theyhavemanydifferentcolorsthatbringaboutfeelingsofcalmandcuriosity.Theyarealsomadewithsmoothmaterialthatcanbefeltandmoved.Theacademy’sRapaportsaidifachildstartstofeeluneasy,theycansitdownandfeelthebench,whichcanhelpthemrelax.(操场上看起来很小的部分对患有自闭症和其他残疾的孩子来说非常重要。周围的栅栏延伸到一个树木繁茂的区域，使它看起来更开放。游乐区下面的地面是由柔软但坚固的材料制成的，以支持使用轮椅或拐杖的学生。Hack说，操场外面的长椅从远处看很简单，但却是‘我们最具包容性的感官元素之一’。它们有许多不同的颜色，给人带来平静和好奇的感觉。它们也是用光滑的材料制成的，可以触摸和移动。该学院的拉帕波特说，如果孩子开始感到不安，他们可以坐下来摸摸长凳，这可以帮助他们放松)”可知，最后一段主要讲的是游乐场的设计理念以及包含为自闭症患者带来舒适感觉的因素，即设计游乐场的潜在逻辑和合理因素。故选C。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段中“Hacksaidheandothersspentweeksgettingtoknowthestudentsandunderstandingtheirneedsbeforeanybuildingwasstarted.Thedesignprocessinvolvedphysicaltherapists,occupationaltherapists,andotherspecialists.(Hack说，他和其他人花了几个星期的时间来了解学生，了解他们的需求，然后才开始建造任何建筑。设计过程涉及物理治疗师、职业治疗师和其他专家)”以及最后一段中“Andthegroundundertheplayareasismadeofsoft,butsolidmaterialstosupportstudentsusingwheelchairsorcrutches.(游乐区下面的地面是由柔软但坚固的材料制成的，以支持使用轮椅或拐杖的学生)”和“Theyhavemanydifferentcolorsthatbringaboutfeelingsofcalmandcuriosity.Theyarealsomadewithsmoothmaterialthatcanbefeltandmoved.(它们有许多不同的颜色，给人带来平静和好奇的感觉。它们也是用光滑的材料制成的，可以触摸和移动)”可知，巴尔的摩的操场在建造之前充分了解学生的需求，按照他们的需求而建，故它是有着实用功能的。故选C。CNewfindingssuggestthatwhenit-comestolearning,thesnakemaybequiteabitlikehumans.DavidHoltzman,ascientistattheUniversityofRochester,hasfoundthatsnakeshaveamuchgreatercapacityforlearningthanearlierstudieshadindicated.Holtzman’sstudychallenged24snakestoescapefromablackplasticcontainerthesizeofachild’spool.Cardsmountedonthecontainer’swallsandtapeonitsfloorprovidedthesnakeswithvisualandtouchablesignalstofindtheirgoal:holesinthecontainer’sbottomthatofferadark,comfortablespottohide.Simplyfallingintoaholeisn’ttheonlyproofthatthesnakesarelearningsomething,though.“Speedtofindthatgoalisoneofthemeasureswhichshowsthey’relearning,”Holtzmansays.“Onaverage,theytakeover700secondstofindthecorrectholeonthefirstdayoftraining,andthengodowntoabout400secondsbythefourthdayoftraining.Someareactuallyveryfastandfinditinlessthan30seconds.”Studiesdatingbacktothe1950sinterpretedsnakes’awkwardnesswithmazes(迷宫)asapoorreflectionontheirintelligence.“Earlyattemptstostudysnakeintelligencewereproblematicbecausethestudiesusedmazesastestingarenas(场地)-asthoughsnakesmightbeexpectedtorunthroughmazesinthesamewaymicerunthroughmazes,”saysPeterKareiva,aprofessorofzoology.“Snakesdonotencounteranythinglikemazesinnature,andtheydonotlearnhowtorunmazesinlaboratoryconditions.”Holtzmanalsofoundafewage-baseddifferencesinthesignalsthesnakesuse.Youngsnakesappeartobemoreadaptableandresourceful,usingavarietyofcluestofindtheirwaytotheexit.Buttheireldersseemtorelymuchmoreheavilyonvisualclues.“Actually,oneoftheamazingfindingsfromourstudiesisthatsnakesdousevisioninlocatingplaces,”saysHoltzman.“Theydon’tjustrelyonthechemicalcluespickedupbystickingtheirtonguesout,asmanysnakebiologistsassume.”8.Whatisthefunctionofthecardsandtape?A.Todirectthesnakestotheexits.B.Toprotectthesnakesfrombrightlights.C.Tocovertheholesatthecontainer’sbottom.D.Tomakethecontaineracomfortablespottostay.9.Whatdothedatainparagraph3showaboutthesnakesaccordingtoHoltzman?A.Theyareskillfulescapers. B.Theyaregoodlearners.C.Theycommunicatewitheachother. D.Theyadapttoenvironmentsquickly.10.Whatwastheproblemwithearlyattemptstostudysnakeintelligence?A.Theychosethewrongtestingarenas.B.Theyfailedtodotestsinlaboratoryconditions.C.Theyreferredtostudiesdatingbacktothe1950s.D.Theycomparedsnakeswithadifferentkindofanimal.11.WhatastonishesHoltzmanaboutsnakes?A.Theyrelyonsighttofindtheirway.B.Theyleavechemicalclueseverywhere.C.Theyoungbeattheireldersinmanyways.D.Theirtonguesareunabletorecognizechemicalclues.【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学家大卫·霍尔兹曼发现，蛇的学习能力比之前的研究表明的要大得多。〖答案〗8.A9.B10.A11.A【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Cardsmountedonthecontainer’swallsandtapeonitsfloorprovidedthesnakeswithvisualandtouchablesignalstofindtheirgoal:holesinthecontainer’sbottomthatofferadark,comfortablespottohide.(容器墙壁上的卡片和地板上的胶带为蛇提供了视觉和可触摸的信号，以找到它们的目标：容器底部的洞，提供了一个黑暗、舒适的藏身之处)”可知，给蛇找到出口提供的指导性信息，这些东西可以指引蛇找到出口。故选A项。【9题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段“‘Speedtofindthatgoalisoneofthemeasureswhichshowsthey’relearning,’Holtzmansays.‘Onaverage,theytakeover700secondstofindthecorrectholeonthefirstdayoftraining,andthengodowntoabout400secondsbythefourthdayoftraining.Someareactuallyveryfastandfinditinlessthan30seconds.’(‘找到目标的速度是显示它们正在学习的指标之一，’霍尔茨曼说。‘在训练的第一天，它们平均需要700多秒才能找到正确的洞，然后在训练的第四天减少到400秒左右。有些甚至非常快，不到30秒就找到了’)”可知，第三段数据主要表明蛇是有学习能力的。故选B项。【10题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段“Earlyattemptstostudysnakeintelligencewereproblematicbecausethestudiesusedmazesastestingarenas(场地)-asthoughsnakesmightbeexpectedtorunthroughmazesinthesamewaymicerunthroughmazes(早期研究蛇智力的尝试是有问题的，因为研究用迷宫作为测试场所——好像蛇可能会像老鼠一样穿过迷宫一样)”可知，早期研究蛇的智力的尝试是选择的测验场地不对。故选A项。【11题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段“‘Actually,oneoftheamazingfindingsfromourstudiesisthatsnakesdousevisioninlocatingplaces,’saysHoltzman.‘Theydon’tjustrelyonthechemicalcluespickedupbystickingtheirtonguesout,asmanysnakebiologistsassume.’(‘实际上，我们研究的一个惊人发现是，蛇确实利用视觉来定位位置，’霍尔茨曼说。‘它们不像许多蛇生物学家认为的那样，仅仅依靠伸出舌头获取的化学线索’)”可知，令霍尔茨曼感到惊讶的是蛇是靠视觉确定位置的。故选A项。DResearchledbyecologistBartHoekstraoftheUniversityofAmsterdamshowsthatbirdsareaffectedbythemassuseoffireworksonNewYear’sEveuptoadistanceof10km(6miles)away.Withdatafromweatherradarsandbirdcountsaninternationalteamofresearchersrevealedhowmanybirdstakeoffimmediatelyafterthestartofthefireworks,atwhatdistancefromfireworksthisoccursandwhichspeciesgroupsmainlyreact.“Birdstakeoffasaresultofanacuteflightresponseduetosuddennoiseandlight.Wealreadyknewthatmanywaterbirdsreactstrongly,butnowwealsoseetheeffectonotherbirdsthroughouttheNetherlands,”saysecologistBartHoekstraoftheUniversityofAmsterdam.InthescientificjournalFrontiersinEcologyandtheEnvironment,theresearchersthereforeargueforlargefireworks-freezones.Lastyear,otherresearchersatIBEDdiscoveredthatgeesearesoaffectedbyfireworksthattheyspendanaverageof10%longerlookingforfoodthannormalduringatleastthenext11days.Theyapparentlyneedthattimetorestoretheirenergytotheirformercondition,afterfleeingfromthefireworks.Because62%ofallbirdsintheNetherlandslivewithinaradiusof2.5kmofinhabitedareas,theconsequencesoffireworksarehighforallbirdsthroughoutthecountry.“Flyingrequiresalotofenergy,soideallybirdsshouldbedisturbedaslittleaspossibleduringthecoldwintermonths.Measurestoensurethisareespeciallyimportantinopenareassuchasgrasslands,wheremanylargerbirdsspendthewinter.Theeffectsoffireworksonbirdsarelesspronouncednearforestsandsemi-openhabitats.Inaddition,smallerbirdssuchastitsandfincheslivethere,whicharelesslikelytoflyawayfromdisturbance.”Theauthorsargueforfireworks-freezonesinareaswherelargebirdslive.Hoekstra:“Thesebufferzonescouldbesmallerinareaswherelightandsoundtravellessfar,suchasnearforests.Furthermore,fireworksshouldmainlybelitatcentrallocationsinbuilt-upareas,asfarawayfrombirdsaspossible.Itwouldbebestforbirdsifwemovedtowardslightshowswithoutsound,suchasdroneshowsordecorativefireworkswithoutveryloudbangs.”12.Whatcanwelearnabouttheresearch?A.It’sthefirstoneaboutfireworks’effectsonbirds.B.It’sconductedbycollectingdatafromweatherradars.C.Itshowstheextentofthefireworks’influenceonbirds.D.ItkeepstrackofbirdsthroughoutNetherlandsandbeyond.13.Whydidgeesespendmoretimelookingforfood?A.Tomakeupforthelostenergy. B.Tostoremorefoodincase.C.Tofindanewsourceofenergy. D.Tofindaplacewithoutfireworks.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“pronounced”inPara.4mean?A.Predictable. B.Noticeable.C.Admirable. D.Avoidable.15.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.Panicintheair B.Fireworks-freezonesC.Fireworksintheworld D.Birdsthroughoutthecountry【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了烟花对鸟类的影响。〖答案〗12.C13.A14.B15.A【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“ResearchledbyecologistBartHoekstraoftheUniversityofAmsterdamshowsthatbirdsareaffectedbythemassuseoffireworksonNewYear’sEveuptoadistanceof10km(6miles)away.(阿姆斯特丹大学的生态学家巴特·胡克斯特拉领导的研究表明，除夕夜大量燃放烟花爆竹会影响到10公里（6英里）外的鸟类。)”可知，这项研究告诉读者燃放烟花对鸟类的影响程度。故选C。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Lastyear,otherresearchersatIBEDdiscoveredthatgeesearesoaffectedbyfireworksthattheyspendanaverageof10%longerlookingforfoodthannormalduringatleastthenext11days.Theyapparentlyneedthattimetorestoretheirenergytotheirformercondition,afterfleeingfromthefireworks.(去年，IBED的其他研究人员发现，鹅受到烟花的影响很大，至少在接下来的11天里，它们寻找食物的时间平均比正常情况长10%。在逃离烟火之后，他们显然需要时间将精力恢复到以前的状态。)”可知，在逃离烟花之后，它们需要这段时间来补充失去的精力，以恢复到以前的状态。故选A。【14题详析】词句猜测题。根据第四段中“Because62%ofallbirdsintheNetherlandslivewithinaradiusof2.5kmofinhabitedareas,theconsequencesoffireworksarehighforallbirdsthroughoutthecountry.(由于荷兰62%的鸟类生活在居民区半径2.5公里的范围内，因此烟花对全国所有鸟类的影响都很大。)”和划线词后“nearforestsandsemi-openhabitats(在森林和半开放的栖息地附近)”可知，烟花对离居民区近的鸟类影响很大，在森林和半开放的栖息地附近，烟花对鸟类的影响不那么明显。所以划线词的含义为“显著的、明显的”A.Predictable可预测的；B.Noticeable显著的；C.Admirable令人钦佩的；D.Avoidable可避免的。故选B。【15题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是由文章第一段“ResearchledbyecologistBartHoekstraoftheUniversityofAmsterdamshowsthatbirdsareaffectedbythemassuseoffireworksonNewYear’sEveuptoadistanceof10km(6miles)away.(阿姆斯特丹大学的生态学家巴特·胡克斯特拉领导的研究表明，除夕夜大量燃放烟花爆竹会影响到10公里（6英里）外的鸟类)”可知，文章主要介绍了烟花对鸟类的影响。A选项中intheair暗指鸟类，panic指烟花带来的影响，故选项A“Panicintheair(空气中弥漫着恐慌)”为最佳〖答案〗。故选A。第二节（共5小题：每小题2.5分。满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。PublicSpeakingItcanbestressfultodeliveraspeechinfrontofpeople.Whatdoyousay?Howdoyoucatchpeople’sattention?Whatdoyoudoifyoumessup?____16____Youcanusethefollowingbasicsabouttheartofpublicspeakingtohelpyouovercomethesechallengesandbeagoodspeaker.PointeverythingbacktothecentralideaBeforeyoubeginyourspeech,figureoutyourcoremessage.____17____Itmakesiteasiertodecidewhattosayandithelpsyoumakeeveryotherdecision,fromthestructuretothespecificstoriesandconcreteimagesthatyouinclude.____18____Tomakeyourpresentationmemorable,youcantryusing“stickystories”inyourspeeches—honest,vividanecdotes(逸闻)withdetailsthatengagethesensesofsight,sound,smell,tasteandtouch.Peoplerememberstoriesandimages.PracticeinfrontofpeoplePracticingyourspeechcaneasefeelingsofnervousnessandhelpyouadjustyourpresentation.Askafriendorafamilymembertolistentoyouasyoupractice.Youcanalsotakeavoicememowithyourphoneandplayitbacktoyourself.____19____SlowdownandstartagainIfsomethingunexpectedhappensinthemoment—sayyoustumble(结巴)orloseyourplace—pauseorslowdown.Takeadeepbreathandgobacktothebeginningofasentenceorrestatethewordyoustumbledon.Anddon’tworry,peopledon’tnoticethosepausesasmuchasyouthinktheydo.____20____Thepointistosetyourselfupforsuccess,notperfection.A.Usevividimageryandstorytelling.B.Theseproblemswilldriveyoumad.C.Avoidbigwordsandlongsentences.D.Evenifsomeonedoesnotice,that’sOK,too.E.Thenmakesurealltheideasinyourspeechpointbacktoit.F.There’salsoachancetopracticeshortspeechesonimportanttopics.G.Bydoingso,youcangetsupportivefeedbacktoimproveyourspeech.【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了关于公共演讲艺术的基本知识来帮助读者克服演讲的困难，成为一名优秀的演讲者。〖答案〗16.B17.E18.A19.G20.D【16题详析】根据前文“Itcanbestressfultodeliveraspeechinfrontofpeople.Whatdoyousay?Howdoyoucatchpeople’sattention?Whatdoyoudoifyoumessup?(在众人面前发表演讲是很有压力的。说什么呢？如何吸引人们的注意力？如果搞砸了怎么办？)”可知，此处是指前文中提到的这些问题让人苦恼，所以选项B“Theseproblemswilldriveyoumad.(这些问题会让你发疯的。)”切合文意，Theseproblems指代上文列举的问题。故选B。【17题详析】根据小标题“Pointeverythingbacktothecentralidea(把所有的东西都指向中心思想)”和前文“Beforeyoubeginyourspeech,figureoutyourcoremessage.(在你开始演讲之前，弄清楚你的核心信息。)”可知，在开始演讲之前，弄清楚演讲的核心信息，演讲中的所有内容都要指向中心思想；E选项“Thenmakesurealltheideasinyourspeechpointbacktoit.(然后确保你演讲中所有的观点都指向它。)”承接上文，指出让演讲中的所有观点都指向演讲的核心，符合语境，选项中的“it”指代前文中提到的“coremessage”。故选E。【18题详析】设空处为小标题；根据后文“Tomakeyourpresentationmemorable,youcantryusing“stickystories”inyourspeeches—honest,vividanecdotes(逸闻)withdetailsthatengagethesensesofsight,sound,smell,tasteandtouch.Peoplerememberstoriesandimages.(为了让你的演讲令人难忘，你可以尝试在你的演讲中使用“粘性叙事”——诚实、生动的轶事和细节，吸引视觉、听觉、嗅觉、味觉和触觉。人们会记住故事和图像。)”可知，本段主要阐述要在演讲中使用生动的故事和图像叙述；所以选项A“Usevividimageryandstorytelling.(使用生动的故事和图像叙述。)”能够概括本段主旨，适合作为小标题。故选A。【19题详析】根据前文“Askafriendorafamilymembertolistentoyouasyoupractice.Youcanalsotakeavoicememowithyourphoneandplayitbacktoyourself.(让朋友或家人在你练习的时候听你说。你也可以用手机录一份语音备忘录，然后回放给自己听。)”可知，此处是指照前文这样做可以得到好的反馈，以此完善自己的演讲技巧，所以选项G“Bydoingso,youcangetsupportivefeedbacktoimproveyourspeech.(通过这样做，你可以得到支持性的反馈来改善你的演讲。)”切合文意。故选G。【20题详析】根据前文“Anddon’tworry,peopledon’tnoticethosepausesasmuchasyouthinktheydo.(别担心，人们并没有像你想象的那样注意到这些停顿。)”和后文“Thepointistosetyourselfupforsuccess,notperfection.(关键是要为成功做好准备，而不是追求完美。)”可知，此处是指即使有人注意到了你的停顿也没关系，所以选项D“Evenifsomeonedoesnotice,that’sOK,too.(即使有人注意到了，也没关系。)”切合文意。故选D。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Twentyyearsago,Iwasmonthsintomyfirstjobatastart-upindependentpublishingcompanyinNewYork.Oneafternoon,I____21____atrainwithaloadofhot-off-the-presscatalogues(目录薄)ourfirsttolisteveryoneofourtitles.Iwasonmywayto____22____myaunt,who’dagreedto____23____themtoherfriends.Backthen,Iwasmuchless___24___;somehowImadeitonthetrainbutIhadn’thadtimetobuya___25___.IfiguredI’dbuyoneonboard.Whentheconductorcametostandnexttome,Iopenedmy___26___andfoundnothinginside.Theydidn’t____27____creditcardsbackthen.Iwastoldtogetoffatthenextstation.____28____,themannexttomehanded$15totheconductor.Iwasbeyondgratefuland____29____;IpromisedhimIwouldsendhimacheck,whichhe____30____.Imadehimwritedownhisaddress,though.Later,Iwroteacheck,____31____itinaletter,andsentitoff.Iexpressedmy____32____againandincludedmyemailaddress.Soonheemailedmeandwe____33____alastingfriendship.That____34____actionhasstayedwithme.Thinkingaboutthatday,I____35____myselftobemuchkindertostrangersandtofocusonthegoodinpeople.21.A.cameacross B.rushedonto C.passedby D.lookedfor22.A.visit B.help C.rescue D.introduce23.A.return B.explain C.connect D.distribute24.A.determined B.objective C.organized D.professional25.A.ticket B.card C.gift D.book26.A.parcel B.wallet C.envelope D.bottle27.A.cancel B.reject C.provide D.accept28.A.Naturally B.Unexpectedly C.Doubtfully D.Disagreeably29.A.embarrassed B.disturbed C.annoyed D.dissatisfied30.A.gaveaway B.checkedout C.laughedoff D.sentback31.A.lost B.unfolded C.noticed D.enclosed32.A.appreciation B.admiration C.amazement D.approval33.A.destroyed B.inspired C.formed D.reported34.A.romantic B.generous C.emergent D.symbolic35.A.force B.allow C.warn D.remind【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者坐火车时身上没带现金，对方也不接受信用卡支付，这时一位好心的陌生人为作者付了钱，事后作者归还了钱，两人也成为了朋友的故事。〖答案〗21.B22.A23.D24.C25.A26.B27.D28.B29.A30.C31.D32.A33.C34.B35.D【21题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：一天下午，我带着一大堆尚未出版的目录上了火车——这是我们第一次列出我们的每一本书。A.cameacross偶遇；B.rushedonto冲到；C.passedby路过；D.lookedfor寻找。根据后文“atrainwithaloadofhot-off-the-presscatalogue”指作者带着目录上了火车。故选B。【22题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我正要去拜访姑妈，她同意把它们分发给她的朋友们。A.visit拜访，参观；B.help帮助；C.rescue救援；D.introduce介绍。根据后文“myaunt”可知，作者拿着目录去拜访姑妈。故选A。【23题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我正要去拜访姑妈，她同意把它们分发给她的朋友们。A.return返回；B.explain解释；C.connect连接；D.distribute分配。后文“themtoherfriends”中them指代上文提到的目录，即把目录分发给朋友。故选D。【24题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那时候，我没有那么有条理；我设法赶上了火车，但我没有时间买票。A.determined坚定的；B.objective客观的；C.organized有组织的；D.professional专业的。根据后文“somehowImadeitonthetrainbutIhadn’thadtimetobuya”可知，作者赶上了火车，但没时间买票，说明事先没有规划好，故选C。【25题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：那时候，我没有那么有条理；我设法赶上了火车，但我没有时间买票。A.ticket车票；B.card卡片；C.gift礼物；D.book书。根据后文“IfiguredI’dbuyoneonboard.(我想我可以在火车上买一张)”可知，作者没时间买车票，故选A。【26题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当售票员站在我旁边时，我打开钱包，里面什么也没有发现。A.parcel包裹；B.wallet钱包；C.envelope信封；D.bottle瓶子。根据上文“Whentheconductorcametostandnexttome,Iopened”可知，作者要买车票，所以打开了钱包。故选B。【27题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：那时候他们不接受信用卡。A.cancel取消；B.reject拒绝；C.provide提供；D.accept接受。根据后文“creditcardsbackthen”指不接受信用卡付款。故选D。【28题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：出乎意料的是，我旁边的人递给售票员15美元。A.Naturally自然地；B.Unexpectedly意外地；C.Doubtfully怀疑地；D.Disagreeably不愉快地。根据后文“themannexttomehanded$15totheconductor.”可知，意外的是一个陌生人为作者买了车票。故选B。【29题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我既感激又尴尬；我答应给他寄支票，他却一笑置之。A.embarrassed尴尬的；B.disturbed焦虑的；C.annoyed生气的；D.dissatisfied不满足的。结合上文可知作者没带钱买票，所以是感到尴尬。故选A。【30题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我既感激又尴尬；我答应给他寄支票，他却一笑置之。A.gaveaway赠送；B.checkedout结账；C.laughedoff对……不予理会；D.sentback退回。根据后文“Imadehimwritedownhisaddress,though.(不过我让他写下了他的地址)”可知，作者要求对方写下地址，说明对方并不在意作者是不是能还钱，即一笑置之。故选C。【31题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来，我写了一张支票，夹在信里寄出去了。A.lost丢失；B.unfolded展现；C.noticed注意到；D.enclosed随信附上。根据上文“Iwroteacheck”指把支票附在信中寄出去了。故选D。【32题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我再次表达了我的感谢，并附上了我的电子邮件地址。A.appreciation感激；B.admiration钦佩；C.amazement惊讶；D.approval赞成。根据上文“Iwasbeyondgrateful”指作者表达了感激。故选A。【33题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：很快他给我发了电子邮件，我们建立了持久的友谊。A.destroyed破坏；B.inspired鼓舞；C.formed形成；D.reported报告。根据后文“alastingfriendship”可知，两人形成了长久的友谊。故选C。【34题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我一直铭记着这次慷慨之举。A.romantic浪漫的；B.generous慷慨的；C.emergent新兴的；D.symbolic用作象征的。结合上文可知陌生人为作者付了车票钱，是慷慨之举。故选B。【35题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：想起那一天，我提醒自己要对陌生人友善一些，要关注人们的优点。A.force迫使；B.allow允许；C.warn警告；D.remind提醒。根据后文“myselftobemuchkindertostrangersandtofocusonthegoodinpeople”指作者从这次经历中开始提醒自己要对陌生人友善一些，要关注人们的优点。故选D。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。TheGuangdongLionDance,anationaltraditionpopularinFoshanandGuangzhou,isatypicalSouthernLionDance.Liondancing____36____(date)backthousandsofyears,totheTangDynasty,andalegendabouttheemperorhavingadream____37____alionsavedhislife.Andlaterit____38____(introduce)tothesouthbymigrantsfromthenorth.TheGuangdongLionDancedevelopedinto____39____(it)modernformduringtheMingDynasty(AD1368-1644).InChinesetradition,peopleregardthelionas____40____symbolofbravenessandstrength,whichcandriveawayevilandprotecthuman