山东省聊城市高二下学期期中考试英语

20222023学年度第二学期期中教学质量检测高二英语试题本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。满分150分。考试用时120分钟。注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、座号、考生号、县区和科类填写到答题卡和试卷规定的位置上。2.第Ⅰ卷每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。3.第Ⅱ卷必须用0.5毫米黑色签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应的位置；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不能使用涂改液、胶带纸、修正带。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。第一部分听力（共20小题，每题1.5分，满分30分）第一节听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1．Whatdoesthemanwanttodowithhismoney？A.Bookaholiday. B.Takeacourse. C.Buyacar.2．Whatwillthemandofirst？A.Dohiswork. B.Haveawalk. C.Watchtheweatherreport.3．Whatarethespeakersplanningtodo？A.Buyabookshelf.B.Decoratetheirdaughter’sroom.C.Changeanotherdinningtable.4．What’stherelationshipbetweenthespeakers？A.Motherandson. B.Teacherandstudent. C.Busdriverandpassenger.5．HowdoesEricusuallygettowork？A．Bybus. B．Bytrain． C．Bycar．第二节听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6．Wherearethespeakersprobably？A．Onthebeach． B．Atahotel． C．Inacastle．7．Whatproblemdidthewomanhave？A．Shefailedtoopenthewindow．B．Shedidn’tknowwheretohavebreakfast．C．Shedidn’thavethekey．听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8．Whoistheman？A．Ananimalexpert． B．Ateacher． C．Adesigner．9．Whatdoesthegirlthinkisdifficulttomake？A．Apaperlion． B．Apaperflower． C．Apaperelephant．10．Whatistheconversationmainlyabout？A．Thefoodofdifferentanimals．B．Theworkofpapercutting．C．Paperfoldingart．听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11．What’stheproblemwiththeoffice？A．Theputeristoooldtouse．B．Thereistoomuchfurniture．C．Itisshortoffreshair．12．Whichmagazinedoesthewomanhaveonherdesk？A．Times． B．Wealth． C．TheNewYorkTimes．13．WhatdoesthewomanoffertodoforBob？A．Buyhimacoffeemaker．B．Orderacoffeeforhim．C．Makehimacoffee．听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14．WhyisPaulsurprised？A．Thecafeisbusy． B．Hemissedthenotice． C．Aconferencewascanceled．15．Howmanypeoplewillworktoday？A．Two． B．Three． C．Four．16．Whathasbeenremovedfromthemenu？A．Cheese． B．Ham． C．Vegetables．17．WhatwillPaulprobablydonext？A．Buttersomebread． B．Cutsomecheese． C．Preparethevegetables．听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18．WhydidMariagotoAustralia？A．Tostudyanimals． B．Tobuyaspecialtoy． C．Toattendaconference．19．WhatdidMariafirstthinkwhenshefoundthesnake？A．Someonemadefunofherwithatoysnake．B．Hercolleagueputitinhersuitcaseaccidentally．C．ItgotintohersuitcaseontheplanetoQueensland．20．Whofirsttookthesnakeoutside？A．Ananimalcharity． B．Maria’srelative． C．Azookeeper．第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2．5分，满分37．5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的ABCD四个选项中选出最佳选项。APuppetFestivalMississauga！ABOUTTHEEVENTPuppetFestivalMississaugaisanannualeventforfamiliestakingplaceatMarchbreakallacrossthecityofMississauga.TreatyourfamilytoqualitytheatreatPuppetFestivalMississaugathisMarchBreak.PuppetFestivalMississaugapresentslivetheatrethatencourageschildrentobecuriousabouttheworldaroundthem.Featuring：Choo.Choo.Whistle.Woof！APUPPETSHOWFROMCZECHIAAdogovereshisfearoftheunknownandventuresonagreattrainadventure！APuppetShowforKidsatMississaugaPuppetFestivalthisMarchBreak2023．GreatforKids2＋．TheHappyPrinceAPUPPETSHOWFROMMEXICOAnunforgettablepuppetshowfilledwithmagicandfriendship．Basedontheclassicchildren’stalebyOscarWilde．WatchThisPuppetShowforKidsinSpanishandEnglish.atMississaugaPuppetFestivalthisMarchBreak2023.GreatforAges3＋.Andmore！EventLocationMajaPrenticeTheatreisa200seattheatrelocatedatthecornerofDixieandBurnamthorpeRoad,whichishometolivetheatreshows,musicals,danceandmunityevents,allyearround.21．Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom？A．Atextbook． B．Aresearchplan． C．Atravelingguide． D．Anewssite．22．Whatarethepuppetshowslesslikelytohelpkids？A．Bedauntless（无畏的）andfearless． B．Knowmoreaboutfriendship．C．GettheOscarstatuette． D．Becuriousabouttheworld．23．WhatdoyouprefertodotogototheMajaPrentice？A．Haveanadventure． B．Buyapuppet．C．Domunityservice． D．Enjoyamusicdrama．BGoingtothebathroomwhilefloatinginspacecanbetricky.Gravityisveryweakinspace,meaningtoiletscannotflush（冲刷）thesamewaythattheydoonEarth.Inanewcontest,NASAisaskinginventorsfromaroundtheworldtodevelopanewspacetoilet.ThespaceagencyislookingforadesignthatwouldworkbothaboardtheInternationalSpaceStation（ISS）aswellasonthemoon.NASAplanstousethistoiletaboardafuturelunarlanderaspartoftheArtemisprogram,whichwillsendhumanstothemoonby2024.Anyonecanapplytothischallenge,andthewinningdesignwillreceivea$20,000prize.Thesecondplacedesignwillwin$10,000,andthethirdplacewinnerwillwin$5,000.Thecontestincludesa“junior”categoryinwhichanyoneundertheageof18canapplywiththeircreativespacetoiletidea.WinnersinthejuniorcategorywillreceivepublicrecognitionandNASAsouvenirs.Designsshouldalsotakeupnomorethan4.2cubicfeetofspace.Thetoiletitselfshouldn’tbelouderthan60decibels,whichisaboutthesamevolumeasabathroomfan.Thespacetoiletwillhavetobeabletocollectbothurine（尿液）andfecest（粪便）atthesametime.Itshouldbeabletoholdatleastaquartergallon（1liter）ofliquidwaste.Itshouldalsobeabletohold17.6ounces（500grams）ofsolidwaste.Thefinalrequirementsarethatthesystemmustbeabletostoreorgetridofwaste,anditshouldalsobeabletobecleanedandmaintainedinfiveminutesorless.Hopefully,thistoiletwillbeanimprovementonprevioussystemsforwasteremoval.Awasteremovalsystemisamethodofdisposingofurineandfeces.Ifyouareacreativeinventor,eandjoinus！24．Whichaspectofthedesignisnotrequiredinthecontest？A．Itscoveringspace． B．Itsvolume．C．Itstimeofcleaning． D．Itsweight．25．Whatcanyouknowaboutthiscontest？A．It’satoiletdesigncontestheldbyISSfortheAmericaninventors．B．Ithasatotalprizepoolof45,000tobesharedbywinningteams．C．Forthecontestants,therearenolimitstoyourageandnationalities．D．Ifyouarethewinnerundertheageof18,youwillwin5,000．26．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“disposing”mean？A．Givingaway． B．Puttingoff． C．Gettingridof． D．Pickingout．27．Whatisthepurposeofwritingthistext？A．Tointroduceatoiletdesigncontest．B．Toattractinventorstotakepartinthecontest．C．Toexplainthenecessityofatoiletinspace．D．Toshowthedifficultyoflivinginspace．CAftertwoyearsofpandemicliving,peoplearecollectivelyreadyforavacation.Nomatterhowmuchwemightliketo,though,it’snotalwayspossibletotakeavacationfromCOVID19.Thevirusisstillcirculatingwidely,includinginpopulartouristdestinationsliketheU.K.,Germany,France,andItaly.Thatmeansgettingsickwhiletravelingisarealpossibilityandonethatcanturnintoanexpensiveandstressfullogisticalheadache.WhathappensifyougetCOVID19whiletravelinginternationally？ToentertheU.S.,internationaltravelerscurrentlyneedeitheranegativeCOVID19testresultobtainedwithinonedayoftheirflightorproofthattheyhaverecoveredfromCOVID19inthelast90days.（ThispolicyappliestobothU.S.citizensandnoncitizens,butchildrenyoungerthan2areexempt.）Withoutoneofthosedocuments,youcannotboardaU.S.boundflight.Ifyoutestpositive,youshouldisolateanddelaytravelfor10days,accordingtotheU.S.CentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention（CDC）.Butwheredoyoustayifyouneedtoquarantine（隔离）abroad？Andwhopaysforextendedacmodationsandrescheduledflights？Specificsvaryfromcountrytocountry,buttheshortansweristhattravelersareoftenonthehook.Exceptionstothetesttoreturnpolicymaybegrantedonan“extremelylimited”basis,suchasintheeventofanemergencymedicalevacuationorhumanitariancrisis,theCDCsaysbuttheaveragevacationerwon’thavemanyoptionsbeyondpayingtoextendtheirstay.AspokespersonfortheStateDepartmentJeannaSmialeksaidtravelerswhomustisolateshouldcontacttheirhotelsandairlinestoarrangeacmodationsandrebooktravel,and,ifnecessary,seekassistancefromtheirnearestU.S.embassyorconsulate.ThespokespersonaddedthatU.S.citizenstravelingabroadaresubjecttolocalquarantinerules,whichmaydifferfromthoseoftheU.S.CDC.28．WhatdoyouneedtoentertheUSifyougetCOVID19whiletravelinginternationally？A．AnegativeCOVID19testresult．B．Acertificateofhealthrecoveryinthelast90days．C．Twoweeks’traveldelay．D．Extendedacmodationsandrescheduledflights．29．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“onthehook”inparagraph3referto？A．Shouldpaythemoney． B．Bepleasanttostaylonger．C．Havenochoicebuttoobeytherule． D．Benotsatisfiedwiththepolicy．30．AccordingtoJeannaSmialek,whichoneisnottrue？A．Acmodationsshouldbebookedbytravelersthemselves．B．Americanconsulateisaccessibletoisolatedtravelers．C．Travelerswhomustisolatehavecertainrestrictions．D．TravelersshouldobeybothlocalandAmericanquarantinerules．31．What’sthepassagemainlyabout？A．HowtoisolateduringtheCOVID19．B．Whatinternationaltravelersshoulddoaftertestpositive．C．COVID19isolationspreadsinpopulartourdestinations．D．Isolationpoliciesaredifferentamongcountries．DThevicinity（地区）,betweensouthernAngolaandnorthernNamibia,ishometoaleafygreenplantthatcanliveupto1,000years.This“Immortal”plant’slifespanencouragesresearcherswonderingwhy,outofallclimatestheworldhastooffer,thisplantfindsitselftothriveintheharsh,dry,andquiteunforgivingNamibDesertknowntoreachlessthantwoinchesofrainfallayear.Welwitschia（千岁兰）,meaning“twoleavesthatcannotdie,”inAfrikaans,wasdiscoveredbybiologistsCharlesDarwinandthebotanistFriedrichWelwitsch,whomtheplantwasnamedafterin1859.AndrewLeitch,aplantgeneticistatQueenMaryUniversityofLondon,explains,“Generallyspeaking,thisplantcanlivethousandsofyears.Whenitdoesstopgrowing,it’sdead.Naturemunications,astudypublishedinJuly,conductedresearchtodiscoverandidentifythemagicwithinWelwitschia’sgeneticmakeup.Researcherswereabletoinfer,“Approximately86millionyearsago,afteramistakeincelldivision,theentireWelwitschiagenome（基因组）doubledduringatimeofincreasedandprolongeddroughtintheregion.”Additionalresearchconcludedthatrepeatedgeneslosttheirdefiningpurposes,allowingsometodevelopnewfunctions.ButbecauseDNAreproductionconsumeshighlevelsofenergy,repeatedgenescanattimescausemoreharmthangood,especiallyinsevereweatherconditions.Thisplantalsohasmoremagicingoutofitsleaves.Unlikemostplants,wheretheleavesgrowfromtheendsofitsstemandbranches,theWelwitschia’sleavesgrowfroma“vulnerable”areacalledthebasalmeristem（分生组织）,whichsuppliesfreshcellstothegrowingplant.ThebinationofinternalandexternalfactorsoftheWelwitschiahasallowedtheplanttocontinuethrivinginextremetemperatureconditions.ResearchersarehopefulthatWelwitschiacanalsoprovideinsightintotheagriculturalindustryandhowwecandevelopdroughttolerantcrops.32．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“thrive”inparagraph1mean？A．Growwell． B．Fadeaway． C．Riseup． D．Breakdown．33．Whatcanweinferfromthepassage？A．TheWelwitschiamusthavealifespanofseveralthousandyearsormore．B．Copiedgenescandomoreharmthangoodduetoenergyconsumption．．C．BiologistCharlesDarwinnamedtheWelwitschiain1859．D．TheWelwitschia’sleaves,likemostplants,growfromthebasalmeristem．34．WhatcanWelwitschiadoaccordingtoresearchersinParagraph4？A．Solvethecrisisfacingtheagriculturalindustry．B．Giveadeeperunderstandingoftheagriculturalindustry．C．Beplantedasdroughttolerantcropsinthefuture．D．Notbearextremetemperatureconditions．35．Whichcanbethebesttitleforthetext？A．CopiedGenomesofaLonglivedPlant．B．TwoLeavesThatCannotDie．C．The“Immortal”PlantTellsItsTale．D．AgriculturalDevelopmentwithWelwitschia．第二节七选五（共5小题；每小题2．5分，满分12．5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。ManyAmericanssufferfromchronic（慢性的）conditionsconnectedtotheirdiets.36.Ifyouarelookingforahealthsuperhero,headtothegrocerystore.37.Thatisnotanexaggeration（夸张）.Astudyfoundthatpeopleofanyagewhostartedincludinghealthyfoodsintheirdietsimprovedtheirchancesoflivinglonger.Replacingoneservingofredmeatadaywithoneservingofnuts,forinstance,wasrelatedtoan817percentreducedriskofearlydeath.38.Lentils（扁豆）containthehighestamountofproteinofanyplant.Theyalsoprovideexcellentamountsofiron,folate（叶酸）,andmagnesium.39.Aquartercupofdrylentilscontainsabout13gramsoffiber.Aquartercupofkidneybeanshasabouthalfthat.TheyareconsumedintheBlueZones,areasoftheworldfamousforhavingthelongestlivingandhealthiestpeople.Salmon（鲑鱼）isrichinprotein,omega3s,Bvitamins,vitaminsDandA.40.Specifically,theyhelpprotectagainstagerelatedbrainandeyediseases,reducetheriskofheartdiseaseanddepressionandmaintainhealthyskin.Blueberrieshaveplentyofnutritioncarriedinsuchtinyberries！Theyhaveplentyoffibertokeepyoufullandmakeyourcolonmoving.TheyhavefolatewhichhelpsmakeDNA.TheyalsohaveVitaminsCtohelpcreatecollageninyourskinandothernutrientswhichprotectourcellsfromdamage.A．Buthowdoyouchoosethebestoptionsforyou？B．Thesenutrientsareimportantforgoodhealth．C．However,somenutritiousfoodscanmakeyouhealthierwitheverybite．D．Asagreatsourceoffiber,theycanalsohelpcontrolbloodsugarlevels．E．Studiesshowthatthesenutrientsinseafoodimprovebabies’sbraindevelopment,includinganIQboost．F．What’smore,belongingtothelegume（豆类）family,theyhavemorefiberthanbeans．G．Somefoodscanfightdiabetes,heartdisease,orcancerinotherwords,theycansaveyourlife．第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节完型填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的ABCD四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。TheHarrowbrewerywaslosinggroundyearafteryearbecausesalesweresolowthattherewasnomoneytoadvertiseontelevision.Itwasaviciouscircle.Asasalesman,Andrew41suggestedthatthefactorydirectorgototheTVstationtomakeanadvertisement,butthefactorydirector42.Andrewdecidedtotakeariskon“whathewantedtodo”.Hetookouta43todothesalesworkinthefactory.Whilehewaswonderinghowtomakethemosteconomical44,hewanderedintoJulenSquareincentralBrussels.45itwaslateatnight,therewerestillmanypeopleinthesquare.Thebronzestatueofaboyurinating（撒尿）inthecenterofthesquarewasJulien,aherowhois46forsavingthecity.Ofcourse,theurinefromthestatuewastapwater.Andrewwas47byagroupofnaughtychildreninthesquarewhousedtheirownemptymineralwaterbottlestosplasheachotherwithtapwaterfromthe48.Thenextday,peoplepassingbythesquarefoundJulien’surine49agolden“Hello”beer.Nexttothestatue,alargesign50,“FreeTastingofHarrowBeer.”Onebyone,peoplealloverthecity51withtheirownbottlesandcupsfromhometopickupthebeer.TVstations,newspapers,andradiostations52towriteaboutit.Andrew53togettheHarrowbeeronTVandinnewspaperswithoutspendinganymoney.SalesofHarrowbeer541.8timesthatoflastyear.Andrewbecameknownasasales55inBrussels,andthiswashisexperience:doingsomethingthatnooneelsehasdone.41．A．instantly B．repeatedly C．hurriedly D．immediately42．A．refused B．accepted C．admitted D．permitted43．A．donation B．finance C．collection D．loan44．A．sale B．exchange C．broadcast D．advertisement45．A．Why B．Although C．When D．Since46．A．famous B．designed C．praised D．awarded47．A．expected B．impressed C．acpanied D．inspired48．A．peer B．portray C．statue D．square．49．A．turnedinto B．turnedaway C．turneddown D．turnedoff50．A．marks B．reads C．writes D．shines51．A．showedup B．stoodup C．turnedup D．linedup52．A．concentrated B．rushed C．preserved D．focused53．A．tried B．affected C．managed D．restored54．A．jumped B．reserved C．addressed D．struggled55．A．professor B．tutor C．specialis D．representative第二节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1．5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。“Whatdoyoucalltraditionalmedicinethatworks？”“Medicine.”Thisoldjokecontainsmorethanamilligramoftruth.Forexample,TuYouyou,aChinesechemist,56（begin）testingthesweetwormwoodusedinlocalherbalremedies57acureformalaria（疟疾）.Butnoteveryfolkcureissocloselyexamined.Over1.7billionpeople,most58（live）intheworld’spoorestcountries,areaffectedbyNeglectedTropicalDiseases（NTDS）.Theseoftenleadto59（disable）andplaceaheavyburdenonhealthcaresystems.Theyare60（bad）equippedtodealwiththem.They61（refer）toas“neglected”.Astudypublishedin2009,inInternationalHealth,estimatedthattheyreceivedonly0.6%ofthemoneygivenbyrichcountriestopooronesforhealthpurposes.Ateamputacrudesampleon62theywereworkingthroughtworoundsofchromatography.Theiranalysisrevealed（揭示）63oilwhichprovedeffectiveatkillingtrypanosomeparasites.Formanyresearchers,thatwouldhavebeenthecueforatriptothepatentoffice.64forDrOseiSafothepointisnottomakearefinedpharmaceutical,butrather65（direct）thosewhoareilltowardsthebesttreatmentsavailablefromherbalists.第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节应用文写作（满分15分）假如你是李华，最近收到笔友Nathan发来的邮件，他在邮件中提到他们班里有很多同学的体重超重，而且有些同学体质较差。请你就此给他回一封邮件。要点包括：1．列举一些不健康的生活方式；2．给他们提出建议。注意：80词左右，可适当增添细节使行文连贯，在答题卡的相应位置作答。第二节续写（满分25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Itwascoolandbrightandjustrightforrunning.Iwasinthefirstfewmilesofa10mileracethroughsomehills.Birdsweresingingonthetrees.Thesoftwindwasbrushingmycheeks.Ifeltrestedandspringy.Despitethehills,Ithoughtitwasgoingtobeafinerun.AheadwasBlake,astudentfromBurkeHighSchool.Hewasrunningeasily,too,movingalongefficiently.Thepacefeltfortable,soIdecidedtostaywherehewas;whybotherconcentratingonpacewhenBlakewassuchanicepacesetterforme？IwouldovertakeBlakelateronwhenheusedupenergy.SoIrancloselybehindhim.Thecourseheadednorthforfivemiles,wanderedwestforamile,andthenturnedsouthagain.Theracewasgettingtougher.Withthreemilestogo,itwasbeginningtoberealhardwork.Mylungswereonfire,andlegsfeltlikestone.Blakeovertooktheboyinfrontofhim.Apparentlyheknewtheboy,fortheyexchangedafewwords.Theirbriefmunicationworriedme.Runnersdon’tchatduringaraceunlesstheyfeelreallygood,andBlakeplainlywas.Therewasstillanoticeablebounceinhissteps,butthespringinessIhadoncepossessedwasgone.Still,IwascloseenoughtoovertakeBlakeifhewastired,soIdidn’giveuphopepletely.Wewereapproachingahill,amilefromthefinishline,sowhateverhappenedonthehillwouldalmostcertainlydeterminewhocrosseditfirst.AsImovedupthehill,myattentionwanderedforafewminutes.WhenIlookedup,Blakewasmovingaway,firstfiveyards,thenten,thenmore.TherewasnohopeofcatchingBlake.注意：1．续写词数应为150左右；2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。SuddenlyBlakeslowedandsatontothegroundpainfully．_______________________Areportertookapictureofthismovingsceneandposteditonline．_______________________20222023学年度第二学期期中教学质量检测高二英语试题参考答案第一部分听力（满分30分）1．C2．A3．A4．B5．C6．B7．A8．B9．C10．C11．C12．A13．C14．A15．B16．B17．A18．C19．A20．B第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2．5分，满分37．5分）A篇【答案】：21．C22．C23．D【解析】本文是一篇应用文，属于广告类。文章首先介绍了一年一度的密西沙加木偶节活动，重点介绍了儿童专场特色木偶剧，并在文末提供了活动剧场的相关信息。【21题详解】根据文章标题“PuppetFestivalMississauga！”及文章大意可知，这是一篇关于密西沙加木偶节活动的广告宣传，最可能来自该地的旅游指南。【22题详解】细节理解题，注意选择最不可能的选项。根据“PuppetFestivalMississaugapresentslivetheatrethatencourageschildrentobecuriousabouttheworldaroundthem．”C选项有可能，故不选。根据对两个木偶剧内容的理解可知“Adogovereshisfear…”会让小观众学会勇敢无畏，“Anunforgettablepuppetshowfilledwithmagicandfriendship”会让孩子们更理解友情，因此A，B都有可能，故不选。C选项Oscarstatuette是奥斯卡小金人，文中OscarWilde是故事原作者王尔德，看似单词相关，实则木偶戏跟帮助孩子获得奥斯卡奖无明显关联，故选C。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据“MajaPrenticeTheatreisa200seat···hometolivetheatreshows,musicals,danceandmunityevents”可知去这个剧院可以欣赏到音乐剧，故选D。A，B，C皆为干扰项。B篇【答案】24．D25．C26．C27．B【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍NASA的一项为登月活动而组织的马桶设计的比赛。24．细节理解题。原文依据在倒数第二段，文中提到比赛对马桶的占地面积，声音和清洗的时间都有要求，但是对马桶本身的重量没有要求，因此选择D项。该题命题思路参考2022年新高考Ⅰ卷中D篇第一题，用名词的形式来总结概括原文细节信息，考察学生辨认关键字词和概念以迅速查找目标信息的能力，属于关键能力中的信息整理能力，并且用名词概括，考查学生的必备知识。25．细节理解题。原文依据在第二段，文中提到任何人都可以参加比赛，即使你不满十八岁，并且第一段中提到全球的发明家都可以参赛。A项中，举办者为NASA，并且全球的发明家都可以参赛B项中，第一名、第二名和第三名的奖金相加为35000美元，D项中如果你不满18岁，你的获胜奖励是公众的认可和NASA的纪念品。该题命题思路参考2022年新高考Ⅰ卷中D篇第二题，考查学生抓住语篇中的关键概念和关键细节的能力，属于关键能力中的信息搜索能力。26．推理判断题。文中第三段最后一句就提到NASA希望这次比赛的设计能够清理掉（getridof）人们在太空中的排泄物。根据上下文，这个“废物清理系统”就是一种能够妥善处理人类排泄物的方法，因此选择C项。该题考察学生根据上下文线索或非文字信息推断词语意义的能力，属于关键能力的语言解码能力。本题的正确答案在原文倒数第二段中也出现过。在考查关键能力的同时，也考查了学生的必备知识。27．写作目的题。本文主要介绍了NASA为2024年的登月计划准备的一项马桶设计的比赛，其中包括比赛日的，获胜奖励和参赛要求，结尾呼吁如果对这项比赛感兴趣的发明者就来参赛，因此写这篇文章的目的是为了让感兴趣的发明家来参赛，而学生可能会将写作目的和文章主旨混淆，误选为A项。考察学生对于说明文语篇主要写作目的的把握以及对文章主旨大意和写作目的的区分，属于考查学生学科素养的知识整合。C篇答案：28．B29．C30．D31．B【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主题语境为人与社会，讲述在新冠疫情背景下如果在旅行中被检测出阳性应该怎么做。28．答案【B】细节理解题。解析：通过问题的主干定位到文章的第二段，internationaltravelerscurrentlyneedeitheranegativeCOVID19testresultobtainedwithinonedayoftheirflightorproofthattheyhaverecoveredfromCOVID19inthelast90days．B正确的，A选项没有精确时间withinoneday。29．答案【C】猜测词义题。解析：划线词后文提到，美国疾病控制与预防中心表示，“先试后返”政策的例外情况可能在“极其有限”的基础上获得批准，例如在发生紧急医疗后送或人道主义危机的情况下——但普通度假者除了支付延长逗留期限的费用外，别无选择。因此其实游客是被动的接受这个政策，落入圈套。故选C。30．答案【D】细节理解题。解析：问题问通过文章JeannaSmialek的话，判断选项哪个是不正确的。通过人名首先定位到第四段，第三行ThespokespersonaddedthatU．S．citizenstravelingabroadaresubjecttolocalquarantinerules,whichmaydifferfromthoseoftheU．S．CDC．可知，有时美国游客需要遵守国外当地的政策，这些政策可能和美国的政策冲突，因此并不是同时遵守美国和当地的政策。因此选D。3l．答案【B】主旨大意题。解析：通过第二段第一句话WhathappensifyougetCOVID19whiletravelinginternationally？旅行中的新冠要如何面对，第三段第一句话Butwheredoyoustayifyouneedtoquarantineabroad？旅行中的新冠的居住问题如何解决，以及最后一段．．．travelerswhomustisolateshouldcontacttheirhotelsandairlinestoarrangeacmodationsandrebooktravel,and,ifnecessary．．．embassyorconsulate．政府颁布的政策可知，本文从第二段开始讲如果在旅行过程中得了新冠应该如何做，因此选B。D篇答案：32．A33．B34．B35．C【解析】这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了一种能够在恶劣环境中生存并且寿命极长的植物——千岁兰。作者介绍了千岁兰奇妙的特点和生长原理，并在最后希望这种植物能够为人类农业产业的发展给予一定程度的帮助。32．答案【A】词义猜测题。B选项“fadeaway”意为“逐渐凋谢”。C选项“rise”意为“升起；提高”，D选项“struggle'”意为“奋斗；挣扎”。而A选项“growwell'”意为“茁壮成长”，与“thrive”语义相同。同时根据前后文所知，这种植物的寿命极长，可知其在严酷的自然环境中可以茁壮生长。所以选择A选项。33．答案【B】细节理解题。通过阅读文本可知，由于DNA复制会消耗大量的能量，重复的基因有时会造成弊大于利，所以选择B选项。A选项表述过于绝对，C选项表述错误，根据文中“thebotanistFriedrichWelwitsch,whomtheplantwasnamedafterin1859”可知，并不是达尔文命名了千岁兰这种植物。D选项表述错误，与大多数植物不同的是，千岁兰的叶子是从其茎和枝的末端长出来的。34．答案【B】细节理解题。通过阅读文本可知，研究人员希望千岁兰可以为人们提供对于农业产业发展的深入理解，所以选择B选项。A选项中农业危机在文中未体现，C选项主体指向，根据第四段可知，基底分生组织而不是千岁兰为植物生长源源不断提供新鲜细胞，D选项表述错误，根据文章最后一句可知，千岁兰目前并不能作为一种耐渴作物被种植，所以A，C，D选项错误。35．答案【C】主旨大意题。通过阅读全文可知，本文讲述了千岁兰为何有着极长的寿命，最合适的标题为C选项，“不朽的”植物讲述它的故事。本文的主要内容并不是介绍植物的基因组和农业产业，B选项表述不能完整地体现文章主要内容，所以A，B，C选项错误。第二节（共5小题；每小题2．5分，满分12．5分）七选五【答案】：36．C37．G38．A39．F40．B【解析】这是一篇说明文，作者以饮食为出发点，强调饮食在维持身体健康方面的重要作用。文章主要以鲑鱼，扁豆和蓝莓为例，列举了三种食物中所富含的营养物质，并介绍了它们的具体功效。【36题详解】段尾细节句。根据文章第一句话“ManyAmericanssufferfromchronicconditionsconnectedtotheirdiets”（许多美国人患有与饮食有关的慢性疾病）可知，美国人的许多疾病与饮食有关，但是通过摄入富含营养的食物可以改善身体健康状况。选项C中的“However”正体现了两句间的转折关系，故选C。【37题详解】段中细节句。根据后文“Thatisnotanexaggeration．，Astudyfoundthatpeopleofanyagewhostartedincludinghealthyfoodsintheirdietsimprovedtheirchancesoflivinglonger．”（这并不是夸张的说法。一项研究发现，任何年龄的人，只要在饮食中加入健康食品，就能提高他们的寿命。）可知，通过饮食预防疾病，改善身体健康状况，甚至延长寿命经过了研究的证实。“That”指选项G中所列举的“预防糖尿病、心脏病或癌症——换句话说，它们可以挽救你的生命”，故选G。【38题详解】段尾过渡句。根据文章3、4、5段可知，这几段分别列举了三种不同食物：扁豆、鲑鱼、蓝莓，并对其营养成分和功效进行了阐释，为读者对症下药，选择适合自身的食物提供了参考建议。因此，此处应填一个起着承前启后过渡作用的选项，故选A。【39题详解】段中细节句。根据后文“Aquartercupofdrylentilscontainsabout13gramsoffiber．Aquartercupofkidneybeanshasabouthalfthat．”（四分之一杯干扁豆含有大约13克纤维；而四分之一杯的芸豆所含的纤维只有扁豆的一半。）可知，作者将扁豆和其他豆类进行了对比，干扁豆所含的纤维远高于芸豆。选项D仅体现了扁豆纤维含量高，而没有体现扁豆与其他豆类的比较，故选F而不选D。【40题详解】段中细节句。第一句“Salmonisrichinprotein,omega3s,Bvitamins,vitaminsDandA”（鲑鱼富含蛋白质、奥米茄3、维他命B、维他命D、和维他命A）介绍了鲑鱼所富含的营养物质，与选项B中的“thesenutrients”相对应；而第三句“Specifically,theyhelpprotectagainstagerelatedbrainandeyediseases,reducetheriskofheartdiseaseanddepressionandmaintainhealthyskin．”具体介绍了鲑鱼中富含的营养物质对于身体健康产生的积极作用，与选项B中的“importantforgoodhealth”一致。选项B与前后文相互呼应，故选B。第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节完型填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）答案：4145BADDB4650ADCAB5155DBCAC【详解】解析：本文讲的是哈罗啤酒厂销售员安德鲁在啤酒销售不景气的情况下，如何去做一个最省钱的广告，帮助啤酒厂赢得销量的故事。41．考查副词词义辨析。句意：作为销售员的安德鲁多次建议厂长到电视台做广告A．instantly立刻，马上B．repeatedly重复的C．hurriedly仓促地地D．immediately立刻马上。所以选B．42．考查动词词义辨析。句意：安德鲁多次建议厂长到电视台做广告，都被厂长拒绝。A．refused拒绝B．accepted接受C．admitted承认D．permitted允许，所以选A．43．考查名词词义辨析。句意：安德鲁决定冒险做自己“想要做的事情”，于是他贷款承包了厂里的销售工作，A．donation捐赠，捐款B．finance财政，金融C．collection收藏，收集D．loan贷款，借款，所以选D44．考查名词词义辨析。句意：正当他为怎样去做一个最省钱的广告而发愁时，他徘徊到了布鲁塞尔市中心的于连广场。A．sale销售B．exchange交换C．broadcast广播D．advertisement广告，所以选D。45．考查连接词词义辨析。句意：这天正是感恩节，虽然已是深夜了，广场上还有很多狂欢的人们A．Whenever无论什么时候B．Although尽管，虽然C．When当。时D．Since由于，自从，所以选B．46．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：广场中心撒尿的男孩铜像就是因挽救城市而闻名于世的小英雄于连当然铜像撒出的“尿”是自来水。A．famous著名B．designed设计C．praised表扬D．awarded奖赏，所以选A．47．考查动词词义辨析。句意：孩子们的调皮启发了他的灵感A．expected期盼，期待B．impressed给．．留下印象C．acpanied陪伴D．inspired启发，所以选D．48．考查名词词义辨析。句意：广场上一群调皮的孩子用自己喝空的矿泉水瓶子去接铜像里“尿”出的自来水来泼洒对方，他们的调皮启发了安德鲁的灵感A．peer同龄人B．portray画像C．statue雕像D．square广场，所以选C．49．考查词组辨析。句意：路过广场的人们发现于连的尿变成了色泽金黄、泡沫泛起的“哈罗”啤酒。A．turnedinto变成，进入B．turnaway走开，避开C．turndown拒绝，调低D．turnoff关闭，关掉，所以选A。50．考查动词词义辨析。句意：铜像旁边的大广告牌子上写着“哈罗啤酒免费品尝”的字样。A．marks标记B．reads写着，有．．的字样C．writes书写D．shines闪耀，所以选B．51．考查词组辨析。句意：老百姓都从家里拿自己的瓶子、杯子排成长队去接啤酒喝。A．showedup出现，露面B．stoodup起立，站起来C．turnedup出现，发生D．linedup排队，列队，所以选D．52．考查动词词义，辨析。句意：电视台、报纸、广播电台争相报道A．concentrated集中，聚焦B．rushed火速赶到C．preserved维护，保护D．focused集中，聚焦，所以选B．53．考查动词词义辨析。句意：安德鲁不掏一分钱就把哈罗啤酒的广告成功地做上了电视和报纸。A．tried尽力做，尝试B．affected影响C．managed成功做到D．restored恢复，复原，所以选C．54．考查动词词义辨析。句意：该年度“哈罗”啤酒的销售量跃升为去年的1．8倍。安德鲁成了闻名布鲁塞尔的销售专家A．jumped跳，跳跃B．reserved预定，保留C．addressed解决，处理D．struggled斗争，挣扎所以选A．55．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上，安德鲁成了闻名布鲁塞尔的销售专家。A．professor教授B．tutor导师，家庭教师C．specialist专家D．representative代表，所以选C．第二节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1．5分，满分15分）56．began考察谓语动词的一般过去时，屠呦呦“开始测试当地草药中用于治疗疟疾的青蒿素”是过去发生的事。57．as考察介词，作为一种治疗疟疾的药物，用as。58．living考察非谓语动词，主句的主语people与非谓语live是主谓关系，用ing形式。59．disability考察词性变化，导致残疾，变为名词形式。60．badly考察副词修饰equipped，意为设备简陋。6l．arereferred考察谓语动词的被动形式，bereferredtoas被称作