外研版高中英语选择性必修第四册Unit3 Section Ⅲ Developing ideas-Reading讲义

SectionⅢDevelopingideas—Reading1．aGreek________一座希腊的寺院2．awonderful________一支优美的曲子3．withoutany________warning没有任何事先的警告4．amusical________一位音乐天才5．________andcolorfulsigns巨大而多彩的标志1．historyn．历史→________n．历史学家→historicadj.有历史意义的→historicaladj.(有关)历史的2．kingn．国王→________n．王国→kingshipn．国王身份；王位1．____________在……之前，先于……2．____________接触；暴露于；面临3．____________决心做……4．____________密切关注5．____________从整体上说6．_____________引起共鸣；打动心弦1．[句型公式]thefirsttime引导时间状语从句IfellinlovewithDreamoftheRedChamber________________，andwasdeterminedtotranslateitintoBulgarian.我第一次读《红楼梦》时就喜欢上了它，并决心把它译成保加利亚语。2．[句型公式]无生命名词作主语_________________moreworksbyChinesewriterspublishedintheNetherlands,andtheyarewell-received.每年都有更多中国作家的作品在荷兰出版，它们很受欢迎。①befamiliarto为……所熟悉②Sinologistn．汉学家③translatorn．翻译，译员translatev．翻译translationn．翻译④fallinlovewith爱上⑤beamazedby对……感到惊讶⑥tunen．曲调，旋律themetune主题曲⑦inspirev．激励，鼓舞；赋予灵感inspirationn．灵感inspiringadj.鼓舞人心的；激励的；启发灵感的⑧academicmajor学术专业⑨prioradj.先前的；较早的priorto在……之前，先于……⑩beexposedto接触；暴露于；面临⑪encountern．相遇，邂逅⑫geniusn．天才，天赋⑬haveaprofoundeffecton...对……有深远的影响⑭passionn．热情；激情⑮stimulatingadj.激励人心的；趣味盎然的stimulatev．促进；激发；激励⑯particularlyadv.尤其，特别⑰bedeterminedtodo...决心做……⑱translate...into...把……翻译成……⑲respectedadj.受人尊敬的respectn．&v．尊敬respectableadj.可敬的⑳workon致力于㉑gowith伴随；与……相伴而生㉒keepacloseeyeon密切关注㉓best-seller畅销品；畅销书㉔publishv．出版publishern．出版人(或机构)publishingn．出版(业)，发行(业)㉕onthewhole从整体上说㉖limitedadj.有限的㉗significancen．意义，重要性significantadj.重要的㉘behighlythoughtof被高度赞扬㉙reflectv．反映㉚becloselyconnected联系密切㉛have...incommon有相同之处㉜strikeachord引起共鸣；打动心弦READINGCHINATheworldofChineseliteratureisonethatisfamiliarto①usall.ButhaveyoueverstoppedtowonderwhatworksarereadoutsideofChinaandhowtheyarereceived?Today,fourSinologists②andtranslators③sharetheirexperienceofChineseliteraturewithus.Theyare：Petko,aged43fromBulgariaAnnelous,aged34fromtheNetherlandsJoachim,aged25fromFranceMai,aged28fromEgyptQ1：HowdidyougetinterestedinChineseliterature？Petko：[1]ItallstartedwithamovieIwatchedwhenIwasaboy—TheShaolinTemple.Thatmoviegavemesomanyreasonstofallinlovewith④China.Iwasamazedby⑤Chinesekungfu,ofcourse—everyoneloveskungfu,don'tthey?IalsothoughttheChineselanguagesoundedsobeautiful,andIfoundthatIlikedChinesemusic,too—Ijustlovedthemovie'sthemetune⑥，SongoftheShepherd.[1]本句为复合句，Iwatched为省略了that或which的定语从句，修饰先行词movie;whenIwasaboy为时间状语从句。Annelous:Ibecameinterestedinlanguagesatayoungage.WhenIstartedhighschool,IbeganreadingbooksaboutChinesehistoryandculture,andthisinspired⑦metochooseChineseStudiesasmyacademicmajor⑧atuniversity.Joachim:WhenIwas15yearsold,mymotherboughtmeacopyoftheclassicShiJi,orRecordsoftheGrandHistorian.Prior⑨tothat,theonlygreathistoricalworksIhadbeenexposedto⑩wereHomer'sepicpoems.RecordsoftheGrandHistorianwasmyfirstencounter⑪withChineseclassicalliterature.Afterreadingit,Irealisedthetruegenius⑫ofChina's“GrandHistorian”，SimaQian.Hiswritinghadaprofoundeffecton⑬me,andIhavethistothankformypassion⑭forChineseliterature.Mai:IgraduallyfellinlovewithChineseliteraturewhenIstartedworkingasatranslator.MostofthetranslatedworksofliteratureinEgyptarefromtheEnglish-speakingworld,soreadingChineseliteraturewasastimulating⑮andinspiringexperience.Q2:Howdoyouselectworkstotranslate？Petko:Iparticularly⑯likeclassicalChineseliterature,especiallyworksfromtheMingandQingdynasties.[2]IfellinlovewithDreamoftheRedChamberthefirsttimeIreadit,andwasdeterminedtotranslate⑰itinto⑱Bulgarian.[3]Nowthatthisdreamhascometrue,mynextgoalistotranslateTheRomanceoftheThreeKingdoms.[2]本句为复合句，thefirsttime引导时间状语从句，意为“第一次……”。[3]本句为复合句，nowthat引导原因状语从句，意为“由于，因为，既然”。Annelous:[4]IntheNetherlands,thedecisionastowhichworksofChineseliteraturegettranslatedislargelyinfluencedbytheopinionsofrespected⑲Sinologists.Inaddition,publishinghousestendtolooktoothercountriestoseewhichChineseworkshavesoldwellthere.I'vesofartranslatedthewritingsofHanHan,andIamnowworkingon⑳thoseofXuZechen.[4]本句为复合句，whichworksofChineseliteraturegettranslated为which引导的名词性从句，作asto的宾语。Joachim:Ijustgowith㉑whatIlikeandwhatIaminterestedin.I'vetranslatedseveralshortstoriesbyMoYan.Rightnow,I'mdoingresearchintopopularliteratureinShanghaiatthestartofthe20thcentury.Mai:Idon'tcareifawriterispopularornot.Whatinterestsmemostistheworkitself.I'vetranslatedsomeworksbyauthorssuchasXiMurongandBiShumin.Ialsokeepacloseeyeon㉒what'sbeingself-publishedonlinebynew,youngauthors—theyhavesomegoodideas.Q3：WhichworksbyChinesewritersarepopularinyourcountry？Petko:Thirty-sixStratagemshassoldmorethan1，000copiesinBulgaria.[5]Whenyouconsiderthatherethebestawritercanusuallyhopeforistosellafewhundredcopiesoftheirwork,Thirty-sixStratagemsisabest-seller㉓inBulgaria![5]本句为复合句，when引导时间状语从句；that引导宾语从句；awritercanusuallyhopefor为省略了that的定语从句，修饰先行词thebest;tosellafewhundredcopiesoftheirwork为动词不定式短语作表语。Annelous:[6]EachyearseesmoreworksbyChinesewriterspublished㉔intheNetherlands,andtheyarewell-received.ThepeoplethatbuyandreadthesebooksdosobecausetheywanttolearnmoreaboutChinesecultureandeverydaylifeinChina.Onthewhole㉕，Idohavetoadmitthathere,people'sknowledgeofChineseliteratureisratherlimited㉖.[6]本句为简单句，主语为eachyear，为无生命名词作主语。Joachim:ThenovelsofMoYanandYuHuasellquitewellinFrance.MoYanwasalreadyhugelypopular,butbecameevenmoresoafterreceivingtheNobelPrizeinLiterature.Literaturehasalotofsignificance㉗totheFrench,andChineseliteraryworkstendtobehighlythoughtof㉘.Mai:Egyptianslikeliteraturethatreflects㉙humannatureandexperience.Acoupleofgoodexamplesofthisare“FondMemoriesofAutumn”byShiTieshengand“StreetScene”byZhouGuoping.IthinkEgyptandChinaarecloselyconnected㉚andbothhavealotincommon㉛.Becauseofthis,Chineseliteraryworksreallystrikeachord㉜intheheartsofEgyptianreaders.解读中国我们都对中国文学再熟悉不过了。可你有没有想过，在中国以外的地方，人们都读过哪些中国文学作品？这些作品受到怎样的评价？今天，四位汉学家、翻译家将给我们分享他们有关中国文学的经历。他们是：佩特科，43岁，来自保加利亚安妮鲁斯，34岁，来自荷兰若阿基姆，25岁，来自法国马伊，28岁，来自埃及问题1：你是怎么对中国文学产生兴趣的？佩特科：一切都要从我小时候看的一部叫《少林寺》的电影说起。那部电影给了我很多让我爱上中国的理由。我当然为中国功夫所叹服——人人都喜欢功夫，不是吗？我还觉得中文听起来那么美，我发现我也喜欢中国的音乐——我特别喜欢这部电影的主题曲《牧羊曲》。安妮鲁斯：我从小就对语言感兴趣。上高中的时候，我开始读中国历史和文化方面的书，这激励我在大学选择了汉学专业。若阿基姆：我15岁的时候，妈妈给我买了一本经典名著《史记》。在此之前，我唯一接触过的历史巨作是《荷马史诗》。《史记》是我接触的第一部中国的经典文学作品。通过阅读《史记》，我领略了中国“太史公”司马迁的才华。他的文章对我影响很大，激发了我对中国文学的热情。马伊：我开始从事翻译工作后，渐渐对中国文学产生了兴趣。埃及大多数文学译作来自英语国家，所以读中国文学作品使人兴奋，也鼓舞人心。问题2：你是如何选择作品来翻译的？佩特科：我特别喜欢中国古典文学，尤其是明清时期的作品。我第一次读《红楼梦》时就喜欢上了它，并决心把它译成保加利亚语。现在这个梦想已经实现了，我的下一个目标就是翻译《三国演义》。安妮鲁斯：在荷兰，声望高的汉学家的意见很大程度上影响翻译作品的选择。此外，出版社往往会参考其他国家哪些中国作品畅销。到目前为止，我已经翻译了韩寒的作品，现在正在翻译徐则臣的作品。若阿基姆：我只是随着喜好和兴趣走。我翻译了莫言的几篇短篇小说。现在，我正在研究20世纪初上海的流行文学。马伊：我不在乎一个作家是否受欢迎。我最感兴趣的是作品本身。我翻译过席慕蓉和毕淑敏等作家的作品。我还密切关注新的年轻作者自己在网上发表的作品——他们有一些不错的想法。问题3：中国哪些作家的作品在贵国较受欢迎？佩特科：《三十六计》在保加利亚卖出了一千多本。在保加利亚，作者通常最期待的是自己的作品卖几百本，《三十六计》在保加利亚是畅销书！安妮鲁斯：每年都有更多中国作家的作品在荷兰出版，它们很受欢迎。购买和阅读这些书籍的人想要更多地了解中国文化和日常生活。总的来说，我不得不承认，在荷兰，人们对中国文学的了解相当有限。若阿基姆：莫言和余华的小说在法国卖得很好。莫言原本已经非常受欢迎，在获得诺贝尔奖文学奖后就更受欢迎了。文学对法国人来说意义重大，中国的文学作品往往获得很高评价。马伊：埃及人喜欢反映人性和人生经历的文学。其中，史铁生的《秋天的怀念》和周国平的《街头即景》就是很好的例子。我认为埃及和中国联系紧密，有许多共同之处。正因为如此，中国文学作品才真正引起了埃及读者的共鸣。1．Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A．TheChineseworkspopularinforeigncountries.B．TheinterestinChineseliterature.C．ThetranslationofChineseliterature.D．ThedifferentviewsofforeignersonChineseliterature.2．Readthetextquicklyandfillintheblanks.Readthetextcarefullyandthenchoosethebestanswer.1．WhatfactorsinthefilmTheShaolinTemplemadePetkolikeChineseliterature?A．Chinesekungfu.B．TheChineselanguage.C．Chinesemusic.D．Allabove.2．WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueaboutAnnelous?A．SheistranslatingtheworksofXuZechen.B．ShethinkstheDutchknowverylittleaboutChineseliterature.C．AtriptoChinainspiredhertolearnChinese.D．ShetookChineseasheracademicmajoratuniversity.3．Whatdoes“this”meaninthesentence“IhavethistothankformypassionforChineseliterature”？A．SimaQian'sShiJi.B．Homer'sepicpoems.C．SimaQian'spersonality.D．SimaQian'swritingstyle.4．FromthedescriptionofMai，weknowthat________．A．mostofthetranslatedworksofliteratureinEgyptarefromtheArabic-speakingworldB．EgyptianslikeliteraturethatreflectshumannatureandexperienceC．EgyptandChinahavelittleincommonbecausetheyaresofarapartD．EgyptianliteraturestrikesachordintheheartsofChinesereaders1．tunen．曲调，旋律v．为……调音；调整(1)intune(with...) (与……)合拍；(与……)一致outoftune(with...) (与……)不合拍；(与……)不一致(2)tunein(to...) 收看；收听[即学即练]单句语法填空/完成句子①Theseproposalsareperfectly________tunewithourownthoughtsonthesubject.②Againweareverygratefulthatyou'vetuned________tothisbroadcast.③他的讲话与我们的关注点完全不相关。Hisspeechwascompletely__________________________________ourconcerns.2．prioradj.先前的；较早的(1)priorto 在……之前，先于……(2)priorityn. 优先(权)；优先考虑的事givepriorityto 优先考虑，给予……优先权have/takepriorityover 较……享有优先权[即学即练]单句语法填空/完成句子①Thesearchforanewvaccinewilltakepriority________allothermedicalresearch.②Thegovernmentisgivingpriority______schoolleaversinitsjob-creationprogramme.③你离开之前一切都要安排好。Allthearrangementsshouldbecompleted________________．3．beexposedto接触；暴露于；面临(1)exposev. 暴露exposesb./sth.(tosth.) 使某人/某物面临/遭受(危险或不快)(2)exposedadj. 无遮蔽的；无保护的(3)exposuren. 面临，遭受(危险或不快)；揭露getexposureto 接触到……[即学即练]单句语法填空/完成句子①Thiscanbeagreatchancetoget______(expose)tomorepeople.②Becauseofthetrackingofsomeentertainmentreporters,manystars'privatelivesareexposed_________thepublic.③在阳光下暴晒很容易使你晒伤。________________directsunlighttoomuchcaneasilygetyousunburnt.4．keepaneyeon留意；注意；照看catchone'seye 引起某人的注意haveaneyefor 能欣赏……；对……有眼光turnablindeyeto 对……视而不见[即学即练]单句语法填空/完成句子①Tooursurprise，theheadmasterturnedablindeye________thebadbehaviourofhispupils.②Thoughhemajorsinscience，hehasaneye________artandliterature.③外出时我们已经请邻居们替我们看家。We'veaskedtheneighbours________________whileweareaway.重点句式1thefirsttime引导时间状语从句(教材P43)IfellinlovewithDreamoftheRedChamberthefirsttimeIreadit,andwasdeterminedtotranslateitintoBulgarian.我第一次读《红楼梦》时就喜欢上了它，并决心把它译成保加利亚语。[句式分析]thefirsttime意为“第一次……时”，是名词短语用作连词，引导时间状语从句。ThefirsttimeIcamehere,Igotcaughtintheextremelybadweather.我第一次来到这里，就遇到了极度恶劣的天气。forthefirsttime 第一次(不能引导从句)Itis/wasthefirst/second...timethatsb.has/haddonesth. 这是某人第一/二……次做某事。[即学即练]完成句子①我第一次犯这个错误时，老师原谅了我。________________________，theteacherforgaveme.②这是我第一次听说这件事。ThisisthefirsttimethatI________________．③当我们第一次遇到某个人的时候，我们应该如何表现？Howshouldwebehavewhenwemeetsomeone________________？重点句式2无生命名词作主语(教材P44)EachyearseesmoreworksbyChinesewriterspublishedintheNetherlands,andtheyarewell-received.每年都有更多中国作家的作品在荷兰出版，它们很受欢迎。[句式分析]本句中see用作及物动词，意为“见证；目睹；经历”，eachyear为无生命名词作主语。Shanghaisawmanygreathistoricalevents.上海发生了许多重大的历史事件。无生命名词作主语，用来增添语言色彩，可分为以下几类：(1)以时间、地点等名词作主语，常用see,find,witness等动词作句子的谓语，表示发生某情况，经历或经受了某事。(2)表示生理、心理状态的名词或表示某种遭遇的名词(如word,anger,faith,melancholy,idea,courage,desire等)作主语，用visit,fail,desert,escape,seize等动词作句子的谓语。(3)具有行为和动作意义的名词作主语，常用使役动词(如remind,make,let等)作句子的谓语。[即学即练]单句语法填空/同义句转换①Ourcountry____________(see)manygreatchangesinthepast20years.②SeveraltimesIalmostbroughtmyselftothepointofspeakingtohim，thenmycourage________(fail)me.③Manynewadvancesinmedicalresearchhaveoccurredinthepastdecade.→____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________(无生命名词作主语)Ⅰ.单词拼写1．Heishard-workingandable,butno______(天才)．2．Itwasoneoftherichesttownsinthe______(王国)．3．Theteammadean________(巨大的)efforttofightagainstthedisease.4．That'ssopleasanta________(曲调)thatmanypeoplelikeit.5．Sheisawriteraswellasanoutstandingmodern________(历史学家)．6．Ishallhavetorefuseyourinvitationbecauseofa________(先前的)engagement.7．Many________(庙宇)werebuiltintheTangDynasty.Ⅱ.选词填空strikeachord,beexposedto,priorto,bedeterminedto,keepacloseeyeon1