贵州省2022-2023学年八年级下学期期中考试英语试题（含答案解析）

2022-2023学年第二学期初二年级半期考试试卷英语学科同学你好！答题前请认真阅读以下内容：１．本试卷满分90分，考试时间120分钟；２．考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号和座位号填写在答题卡上，并将条形码横贴在答题卡右上角“条形码粘贴处”；３．作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔在答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案；４．非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上。第I卷选择题第一部分完形填空（共两节，16小题；每小题1分，共16分）阅读短文，从短文的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一个多余选项。A.tiredB.withC.aD.outsideE.soonF.andG.someIt’seasytorideabike,andthereisnopollutionwhenyouareriding.Butin___1___countries,mostpeopledon’tgotoworkbybikebecausetheywouldn’tliketospendmoretimeandfeeltired.ThesedaysinEngland,___2___kindofsolar-poweredbike—CycleSolisbecomingmoreandmorepopular.Ontheonehand,peoplewhorideitmaynotfeel___3___.Ontheotherhand,it’sgoodfortheearth.ThebrightyellowCycleSollookslikeabike___4___itrunsfast.Itsmotorrunsonasolarenergybattery(电池).It’scharged(充电的)___5___thehelpofacanopylinedwithsolarbatteryoverhead.Itcanbechargedintheday,evenwhentheskyiscloudy.Youcanleaveit___6___theofficeduringtheday.Andifitrains,thecanopywillkeepyoudry.Isn’titwonderful?【答案】1.G2.C3.A4.F5.B6.D【解析】【导语】本文主要介绍了一款新型太阳能电动车，该自行车通过太阳能提供电力，是一种较为环保的交通工具。【1题详解】句意：但在一些国家，大多数人不骑自行车上班，因为他们不想花更多时间并感到疲劳。根据“Butin...countries,mostpeopledon’tgotoworkbybike...”可知，空处指“一些”，需填some，修饰名词countries。故选G。【2题详解】句意：如今在英国，一种太阳能自行车——CycleSol越来越受欢迎。根据“...kindofsolar-poweredbike...”可知，空处表泛指，需不定冠词，kind是以辅音音素开头的单词，需用a。故选C。【3题详解】句意：一方面，乘坐它的人可能感觉不到累。根据第一段“mostpeopledon’tgotoworkbybikebecausetheywouldn’tliketospendmoretimeandfeeltired.”以及“ ...kindofsolar-poweredbike”可知，普通自行车会让人感到累，而新型的太阳能自行车可能不会感觉累。故空处是指“累的tired”。故选A。【4题详解】句意：亮黄色的CycleSol看起来就像一辆自行车，并且它跑得很快。根据“lookslikeabike”以及“itrunsfast.”可知，两句表并列，需and连接。故选F。【5题详解】句意：它在顶部装有太阳能电池的天篷的帮助下充电。withthehelpof为固定短语，表示“在……的帮助下”。故选B。【6题详解】句意：白天您可以把它放到办公室外面。根据“Andifitrains,thecanopywillkeepyoudry.”可知，空处是指可以放在“外面”，即使下雨，天蓬能保持它不被淋湿。故选D。阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。Mr.WhiteworkedinanofficeinLondon,buthelivedinthecountryandcametoworkbytraineveryday.The___7___wasnotveryfarfromhisoffice,andMr.Whitealwayswenttothestationonfootafterwork,becausehelikedwalking.Everyeveninghepasseda(an)___8___mannearabridge.Themansatatthesideoftheroadandsoldpencilswithanolddognearhim.Therewasasmallboardaroundthedog’s___9___,anditsaid,“I’mblind.”Mr.Whitewasakindman.He___10___stopped,saidafewkindwordstotheman,andgavehimalittlemoney,buthedidnottakeanyofhispencils.Oneday,Mr.Whitehadalotofworktodoand___11___hisofficeattentosix.Histrainwasatfivepastsix.Therewasonlyfifteenminutesforhim.Sohewalked___12___.Whenhewentpastthemanandhisdog,hedidnotstop.Hewalkedquicklytowardstherailwaystation.Buttheman___13___quickly,ranafterhimandsaid,“Youdidn’tgive___14___anythingtoday.You’realwaysverykindtome.Givemealittlemoneytoday,too.”Mr.Whitewasvery___15___andstopped.Thenhesaid,“You’reablindman.Howcanyou____16____me?”Themansaid,“No,I’mnotblind.Myolddogis!That’swhytheboardisonitsneck.”7.A.station B.bank C.hotel8.A.rich B.poor C.old9.A.back B.foot C.neck10.A.never B.once C.always11.A.left B.cleaned C.opened12A.intime B.inahurry C.asusual13.A.warmedup B.stoodup C.pickedup14.A.it B.him C.me15.A.surprised B.successful C.afraid16.A.serve B.know C.follow【答案】7.A8.B9.C10.C11.A12.B13.B14.C15.A16.C【解析】【导语】本文主要介绍了怀特先生与一位穷人之间发生的故事。【7题详解】句意：车站离他的办公室不是很远。station车站；bank银行；hotel酒店。根据“Mr.Whitealwayswenttothestationonfootafterwork,”可知车站离他的办公室不是很远。故选A。【8题详解】句意：每天晚上他都会经过一位穷人，就在一座桥附近。rich富有的；poor穷的；old老的。根据“saidafewkindwordstotheman,andgavehimalittlemoney”可知这个人很穷。故选B。【9题详解】句意：狗的脖子上有一个小牌子，上面写着：“我是盲人。”back背部；foot脚；neck脖子。根据“That’swhytheboardisonitsneck”可知狗的脖子上有一个小牌子。故选C。【10题详解】句意：他总是停下来，对那个人说几句友好的话，并给他一些钱，但他从不拿他的铅笔。never从不；once曾经；always总是。根据“Mr.Whitewasakindman”以及“You’realwaysverykindtome.”可知他是一个善良的人，所以总是会停下来给他一些钱。故选C。【11题详解】句意：有一天，怀特先生有很多工作要做，他在六点差十分离开了办公室。left离开；cleaned打扫；opened打开。根据“hisofficeattentosix.”可知是离开办公室。故选A。【12题详解】句意：所以他匆忙走路。intime及时；inahurry匆忙；asusual像往常一样。根据“Therewasonlyfifteenminutesforhim.”可知只剩15分钟，所以他很匆忙。故选B。【13题详解】句意：但那个人站起来，迅速追赶他，对他说：“你今天没给我任何东西。你总是对我很好。今天也给我一点钱吧。”warmedup热身；stoodup站起来；pickedup捡起来。根据“quickly,ranafterhimandsaid”可知是那个人站起来，追赶他。故选B。【14题详解】句意：你今天没给我任何东西。it它；him他；me我。根据“Youdidn’tgive”可知是那个人说没有给“我”任何东西。故选C。【15题详解】句意：怀特先生非常惊讶，停了下来。surprised惊讶；successful成功的；afraid害怕的。根据“You’reablindman.Howcanyou”可知他很惊讶盲人竟然可以看到。故选A。【16题详解】句意：你怎么跟着我？serve服务；know知道；follow跟随。根据“ranafterhimandsaid”可知他跟着怀特先生的。故选C。第二部分阅读理解（共三节，22小题，含第II卷第三节5小题；每小题2分，共44分）第一节阅读下面三个语篇，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。A17.Whatshouldyoudoifafirebreaksout?A.Call110. B.Call119. C.Call911.18.Ifafirebreaksoutyoushould_______.A.gooutside B.hideinthehouse C.coverwithaquilt19.WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?A.Whenthereisafire,trytoputthefireoutfirst.B.Nevergobackinsideforanyreasonofthereisafire.C.Youmustcoveryourselfwithablanketifyourclothesareonfire.20.Inordertoescapeinthefire,weshouldfind_______exit(s)ineachroom.A.one B.two C.three【答案】17.C18.A19.B20.B【解析】【导语】本文是六张宣传海报，海报从六个方面向我们介绍宣传了消防安全常识。【17题详解】细节理解题。根据图片中“InCaseofFire”以及“Call911”可知，如果火灾发生了应该打911。故选C。【18题详解】细节理解题。根据图片中的“Don’tHideGoOutside!”可知，发生火灾的时候要出去躲避。故选A。【19题详解】细节理解题。根据图片中的“DonotgobackinsideFORANYREASON.”可知，千万不要因为任何原因回到里面，因为那里着火了。故选B。【20题详解】细节理解题。根据图片中的“Findtwoexitsfromeveryroom.”可知，为了在火灾中逃生，我们应该在每个房间找到两个出口。故选B。BDoyoulikegoingintotheforest?Ifyougointotheforestwithfriends,you’dbetterstaywiththem.Ifyougetlost,maybethefollowingwayswillhelpyou.Sitdownandstaywhereyouare.Don’ttrytofindyourfriends—letthemfindyoubystayinginoneplace.Thereisanotherwaytohelpyourfriendsorotherpeopletofindyou.Youcanshoutorwhistle(吹口哨)threetimes.Stop.Thenshoutorwhistlethreetimesagain.Anysignal(信号)giventhreetimesisacallforhelp.Youshouldalwayskeepshoutingorwhistlingthreetimestogether.Whenpeoplehearyou,theywillknowthatyouarenotjustmakinganoiseforfun.Theywillletyouknowthattheyhaveheardyoursignal.Theywillgiveyoutwoshoutsortwowhistles.Whenasignalisgiventwice,itisananswertoacallforhelp.Ifyoudon’tthinkthatyouwillgethelpbeforenightcomes,trytomakealittlehousewithbranches(树枝).Makeyourselfabedwithleavesandgrass.Whenyouneedsomewater,youhavetoleaveyourlittlebranchhousetolookforit.Don’tjustwalkaway.Pickoffsmallbranchesanddropthemasyouwalkinordertogobackagaineasily.Whenyouarelost,themostimportantthingtodoistostayinoneplace.21.Ifyougetlostintheforest,youshould.A.writetoyourfriends B.stayinoneplaceandgivesignals C.walkaroundtheforest22.Whenyouheartwoshoutsorwhistles,youknowthat.A.someonegetslost B.peoplewillcometohelpyou C.someonehasnothingtodo23.Whatisthecorrectstructureofthepassage?A. B. C.24.What’sthepassagemainlyabout?A.Howtotravelintheforest.B.Howtospendthenightintheforest.C.Whatyoushoulddoifyouarelostintheforest.【答案】21.B22.B23.A24.C【解析】【导语】本文主要介绍了在森林里迷路时应该怎么做。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据“Sitdownandstaywhereyouare...Anysignal(信号)giventhreetimesisacallforhelp.”可知如果在森林里迷路了，要待在原地，并发出信号。故选B。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据“Whenasignalisgiventwice,itisananswertoacallforhelp”可知当听到两次喊叫或口哨声，说明人们会来帮助你。故选B。【23题详解】篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段引出话题；第二至第四段介绍了在森林里迷路时应该怎么做。故选A。【24题详解】主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了在森林里迷路时应该怎么做。故选C。CEmailisoneofthemostimportantwaysthroughwhichwecommunicate.Ithasbecomepartofeveryone’sday-to-daylife.Writingagoodemailisveryimportantforus.Todaywewillanswerthequestion,“HowcanImakemyemailsbetter?”Emailsaremadeupoffourdifferentparts:thesubjectline,theopening,thebody,theclosing.Letusdiscusshowtomakeeachofthesepartsbetter.*SubjectlineThesubjectlineiswhattheotherperson,orreceiver,willreadfirst.Thesubjectlineisusuallythemostimportantpartofanemail.Itshouldbeshortbuthasenoughinformationsothatthereceiverknowsthesubjectoftheemail.Agoodsubjectlinesetstheexpectationsfortheemail.Abadsubjectlinecanmeanthereceiverwillnotreadtheemail.*OpeningAsinanyformofwriting,youshouldknowyourreaders.Theopeningofanemaildependsonthingslikehowformal(正式)therelationshipis.*BodyThebodyoftheemailiswhereyouaskforwhatyouneedormakeclearyourreasonforwritingtheemail.Thiscouldbeaskingthemaquestionortellingthemsomething.Thebodyoftheemailshouldprioritize(给予……优先权)themostimportantinformation.Itshouldbedirect,anditiswisetokeepitshort.*ClosingThelastparttoagoodemailistheclosing.Itisusuallyoneortwowordsthatletthereceiverknowthatthisistheendoftheemail.Theendingshouldincludeyournameandtellthereceiverwhereyouworkandwhatyoudo.25.What’stheroleofthesubjectlineofanemail?A.Tomaketheemailinteresting.B.Tomaketheemailuseful.C.Tomakethereceiverwanttoreadtheemail.26.Whatdoestheopeningofanemaildependon?A.Therelationshipbetweenthereaderandwriter.B.Theexpectationsofthereader.C.Theachievementthewriterwantstoget.27.WhichisNOTtrueaboutthebodyoftheemail?A.Itshouldbeshort. B.Itshouldbedirect. C.Itshouldbeinteresting.28.Whatinformationabortthewritershouldtheendingofanemailinclude?①homeaddress②workingaddress③name④jobA.①②③ B.②③④ C.①②④【答案】25.C26.A27.C28.B【解析】【导语】本文详细介绍了如何写好一封电子邮件。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据“Agoodsubjectlinesetstheexpectationsfortheemail.Abadsubjectlinecanmeanthereceiverwillnotreadtheemail.”可知，邮件中的这部分作用是为了让收件人产生阅读的愿望。故选C。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据“Theopeningofanemaildependsonthingslikehowformal(正式)therelationshipis.”可知，打开电子邮件取决于收件人与发件人之间的关系。故选A。【27题详解】细节理解题。根据“Thiscouldbeaskingthemaquestionortellingthemsomething…Itshouldbedirect,anditiswisetokeepitshort.”可知，邮件的内容应该是简短且直接的，选项C“有趣的”描述错误。故选C。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据“Theendingshouldincludeyournameandtellthereceiverwhereyouworkandwhatyoudo.”可知，结尾不包括家庭地址。故选B。阅读短文，从短文后选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一个为多余选项。IoftenhearsomestudentssayEnglishisdifficult,anditgivesthemaheadache.Sotheycan’tlearnitwell.ButEnglishisveryeasyforme.___29___I’mverygladtotellyousomethingabouthowIstudyEnglish.___30___WhenIwasinGradeOne,wehadanewsubject—English.Itwasfreshforme.Iwasinterestedinit,soIworkedhardatit.SoonwehadanEnglishexamandIgotaverygoodmark.HowhappyIwas!___31___OurEnglishteacheroftenteachesusEnglishsongs,andthesongssoundnice.IoftenthinkhowinterestingEnglishis!Second,IthinkEnglishisaforeignlanguage.Ishouldlearnitwellinthefollowingways:___32___Thenpracticeagainandagain,andneverbetired.___33___WheneverIhaveaquestion,ImustmakeitclearbyaskingourEnglishteacher.HowhappyIamwhenIunderstand!A.I’mgoodatit.B.AndIalsohavealearninghabit.C.Afterthat,IlearnedEnglishharderandharder.D.First,IthinkaninterestinEnglishisveryimportant.E.TothinkinEnglishisadifficultthingformeatfirst.F.Listentotheteachercarefully,speakbravely,readaloudandhaveagoodvocabulary.【答案】29.A30.D31.C32.F33.B【解析】【导语】本文介绍了我学习英语的经历以及如何学习英语的一些建议。【29题详解】根据上一句“ButEnglishisveryeasyforme”可知，英语对我来说不难，故空处是与我擅长英语有关。选项A“我擅长英语。”与之相符。故选A。【30题详解】根据第三段第一句“Second...language”和第二段中的“Iwasinterestedinit”可知，学习英语首先是要对英语有兴趣，故此处应用First与Second对应。选项D“首先，我认为对英语的兴趣非常重要。”与之相符。故选D。【31题详解】根据上文中“Soon...Igotaverygoodmark”和“HowhappyIwas”可知，描述了取得好成绩后的高兴心情。故空处与好成绩的影响有关。选项C“从那以后，我越来越努力地学英语。”与之相符。故选C。【32题详解】根据上一句中“Ishould...followingways”可知，此处列举学习英语的方法。选项F“认真听老师讲课、勇敢说话、大声朗读并掌握良好的词汇量。”与之相符。故选F。【33题详解】根据下一句“Whenever...teacher可知，介绍了我的学习习惯。选项B“而且我还有一个学习习惯。”与之相符。故选B。第II卷非选择题阅读下面一篇短文，根据其内容填空。Thetigerwasclever,quickandstrong.Hewasalwaysmakingfunofotheranimals,mainlyoftheweakbumblebee(大黄蜂)andtheslowandclumsyelephant.Oneday,theanimalswerehavingameetinginacave(山洞)whentherewasalandslidewhichsealedupthecaveopening.Everyoneexpectedthetigertosavethem,buthecouldn’t.Intheend,thebumblebeeescapedthroughatinygap(裂缝)betweentherocks.Heflewoffinsearchoftheelephant,whodidn’tgotothemeetingbecausehewasfeelingsad.Theelephantcameandmovedtherocks,settingtheanimalsfree.Theanimalsthankedboththeelephantandthebumblebee,andwerekeentobetheirfriends.Thelastanimaltoleavethecavewasthetiger,ashamed.Helearnedhislesson,andfromthatdayonheonlysawthegoodinallotheranimals.34.Thetigertreatedtheweakbumblebeeandtheslowandclumsyelephant__________.35.Alltheanimals__________theelephantwerehavingameetinginacaveoneday.36.Thebumblebeeescapedthroughatinygaptoasktheelephant__________.37.Theelephant__________alltheanimalsfinallyandthetigerwasthelastonetoleavethecave.38.Thetigerrealized__________andheonlysawthegoodonallotheranimalsfromthenon.【答案】34.badly35.except36.forhelp37.saved38.hewaswrong【解析】【导语】本文讲述了老虎因为自己的聪明、机敏以及强壮而瞧不起其他动物，但是当他面临困境的时候，正是他平常瞧不起的大黄蜂和大象救了大家的命，从此他知道了欣赏别人的重要性。【34题详解】根据“Hewasalwaysmakingfunofotheranimals,mainlyoftheweakbumblebee(大黄蜂)andtheslowandclumsyelephant.”可知，老虎对虚弱的大黄蜂和行动缓慢笨拙的大象很差。badly“差”为副词，修饰treated。故填badly。【35题详解】根据“Heflewoffinsearchoftheelephant,whodidn’tgotothemeetingbecausehewasfeelingsad.”可知每个动物都去开会了，除了大象，except“除了”。故填except。【36题详解】根据“Intheend,thebumblebeeescapedthroughatinygap(裂缝)betweentherocks.”以及“Theelephantcameandmovedtherocks,settingtheanimalsfree.”可知，大黄蜂从岩石之间的一个小缝隙飞出来向大象求助。asksbforhelp“请某人做某事”，故填forhelp。【37题详解】根据“Theelephantcameandmovedtherocks,settingtheanimalsfree.”可知，大象最后救了所有的动物，老虎是最后一个离开洞穴的。save“救”，该句描述过去发生的动作，动词使用过去式。故填saved。【38题详解】根据“Thelastanimaltoleavethecavewasthetiger,ashamed.Helearnedhislesson,andfromthatdayonheonlysawthegoodinallotheranimals.”可知，老虎意识到他错了，从那时起他只看到其他动物的优点。故填hewaswrong。第三部分语言运用（共二节；第一节10分，第二节5分；共15分）第一节根据中文意思，补全英语译文。（每题1分，共5分；每空限填一词）39.今天，绝大多数的人只关注找个好工作，以便挣更多的钱。Mostpeopletodayareonlyworriedaboutgettinggoodjobs____________lotsofmoney.【答案】①.to②.make【解析】【详解】挣钱：makemoney；设空处作目的状语，用不定式tomake。故填to；make。40.整整一星期，妈妈没有做任何家务事，我也没有做。Foroneweek,momdidnotdoanyhouseworkand______________I.【答案】①.neither②.did【解析】【详解】根据中英文对照可知，这里填“我也没做”，结合“I”可知，这里可以用neither的倒装结构，neither“也不”，neither+be/情态动词/助动词+主语，表示“……也不”。原句中do是实义动词，且该句使用了一般过去时态，这里用助动词did。故填neither；did。41.老师告诉这个男孩不要花太多时间玩游戏。Theteachertoldtheboynotto________toomuchtime_______games.【答案】①.spend②.playing【解析】【详解】动词短语spendtimedoingsth“花时间做某事”，结合“toldtheboynotto”，可知后填动词原形spend；playgames“玩游戏”。故填spend；playing。42.为啥不今晚早点睡呢？___________yougotosleepearlierthisevening?【答案】①.Why②.don’t【解析】【详解】根据中英文对照可知，缺“为啥不”对应的英文Whydon’t，Whydon’tyoudosth.?是固定句式，相当于Whynotdosth.?。故填Why；don’t。43.玛丽买饮料的时候，约翰在拍照。Johnwastakingphotos_______Mary_______adrink.【答案】①.when②.bought【解析】【详解】根据中英文对照可知，空处缺“……的时候”和“买”的英文部分，When表示“当……时”，引导时间状语从句，根据was一词可知，从句时态为一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式，buy表示“买”，为动词原形，过去式为bought。故填when；bought。阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的词或括号内单词的正确形式。MybestfriendBoblikesplayingcomputergamesverymuch.Heisusedto___44___(play)computergames.Hespendsalotoftime___45___thecomputereveryday.Heoftensitsin___46___samewayfortoolongwithoutmoving,sohisschoolworkistoobadandhisparentsareangrywith___47___(he).Lastweek,he___48___(have)aheadache,soreeyesandasoreback.Heevencouldn’tsleepwell,___49___hisparentstookhimtoseeadoctor.Thedoctorexamined(检查）himandsaid,“Youshouldtake___50___(break)awayfromthecomputer.Youshouldn’tkeeponusingthecomputerforalongtime.Andyoushoulddoeyeexercises___51___(relax)youreyesandgotobedearlyatnight.”Now,heknowsthe___52___(important)ofworkinghardonhisschoolwork.Andheagreestoplaycomputergames___53___(one)aweek.Ithinkifhehasagoodrestandstudieshard,hewillfeelbettersoonandgetgoodgrades.Afterall,nothingisdifficultifyouputyourheartintoit.【答案】44.playing45.on46.the47.him48.had49.so50.breaks51.torelax52.importance53.once【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章讲述了作者的朋友鲍勃因为爱玩电脑游戏而身体出现状况去看医生的事情。【44题详解】句意：他习惯于玩电脑游戏。根据“isusedto”可知考查beusedtodoing“习惯做某事”。故填playing。【45题详解】句意：他每天花很多时间在电脑上。根据“spendsalotoftime”可知，是spendtimeonsth“花时间在某事上”。故填on。【46题详解】句意：他经常长时间坐着不动，所以他的功课很差，他的父母对他很生气。根据“samewayfortoolongwithoutmoving,”可知，填定冠词the，此处特指他保持同一种姿势坐着。故填the。【47题详解】句意：他经常长时间坐着不动，所以他的功课很差，他的父母对他很生气。设空处前是介词with，后填人称代词宾格him。故填him。【48题详解】句意：上个星期，他头痛，眼睛疼，背也疼。根据“Lastweek,he”可知设空处填动词过去式，hadaheadache“头疼”。故填had。【49题详解】句意：他甚至睡不好觉，所以他的父母带他去看医生。根据“hisparentstookhimtoseeadoctor.”可知，应说“所以”他的父母带他去看医生。故填so。【50题详解】句意：你应该离开电脑休息一下。固定短语takebreaks“休息”。故填breaks。【51题详解】句意：你应该做眼保健操来放松你的眼睛，晚上早点睡觉。根据“youreyes”