《英语（二）》试卷2014年10月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试

2014年10月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试英语（二）试卷（课程代码00015）本试卷满分l00分，考试时间l50分钟。考生答题注意事项：1.本卷所有试题必须在答题卡上作答。答在试卷上无效，试卷空白处和背面均可作草稿纸。2.在选择题题区。必须对应试卷上的题号使用2B铅笔将“答题卡”的相应代码涂黑。3.在非选择题题区。必须注明大、小题号，使用0.5毫米黑色字迹签字笔作答。4.合理安排答题空间，超出答题区域无效。选择题区第一部分：阅读判断（第1～10题，每题1分，共10分）下面的短文后列出了10个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，选择C。在答题卡相应位置上将答案选项涂黑。TheStrangerWhoChangedMyLifeItwasasunnymorninginthespringof1966.Iwasdrivingataxi，lookingforacustomer.WhilepassingNewYorkHospital，Ifoundamanrunningdownthehospitalsteps，wavingatme.Istopped.Themanreachedthetaxiandjumpedin.“TheAirport，please,”hesaid.Asalways,Iwonderedaboutmypassenger.Wasthismanatalker?Afterafewmoments，hestartedsaying，“Howdoyoulikedrivingataxi?”“It’sOK,”Isaid.“Imakealivingandmeetinterestingpeoplesometimes.”“Whatdoyoudo?”Iasked.“IamadoctoratNewYorkHospital.”Manytimesduringlongrides，I’ddevelopedagoodrelationshipwithmypassengersandreceivedverygoodadvicefromthem.ThistimeIdecidedtoaskforhishelp,“CouldIaskafavorofyou?”Hedidn’tanswer.“Ihaveason,15,agoodkid.Hewantsajobthissummer.isitpossiblethatyougetoneforhim?”Hestillwasn’ttalking,andIwasstartingtofeelfoolish.Finally,hesaid,“Well,mystudentshaveasummerresearchproject.Maybehecouldjoinin.Havehimsendmehisschoolrecord.”Helefthisaddressandpaidme.ItwasthelasttimeIeversawhim.Robbiesentoffhisgradesthenextmorning.Andgraduallythisincidentwasforgotten.Twoweekslater,whenIarrivedhomefromwork,Robbiehandedmealetter.HewasinformedtocallDr.Plumforaninterview.Robbiegotthejob.Thefollowingsummer,Robbieworkedatthehospitalagain,butthistime,hewasgivenmoreresponsibility.Then,heworkedatthehospitalforathirdsummerandgraduallydevelopedaloveofmedicalprofession.Neargraduatingfromcollege,RobbieappliedtoandwasadmittedtoNewYorkMedicalCollege.Aftergettinghismedicaldegree,Robbie,thesonofataxidriver,becameadoctoratColumbiaMedicalCenter.1.Thedoctorshoutedatthetaxidriverforaride.A.True2.Thedoctorwantedtogototherailwaystationbytaxi.A.TrueB.FalseC.NotGiven3.Thetaxidriverlikedtalkingwithhiscustomers.A.TrueB.False4.Thetaxidriverhadtwochildren.A.TrueB.False5.ThetaxidriverbecameDr.Plum'sfriend.A.TrueB.FalseB.FalseC.NotGivenC.NotGivenC.NotGivenC.NotGiven6.ThedoctorwrotearecommendationletterforRobbie.A.True7.Robbiejoinedinasummerresearchproject.A.TrueB.False8.Robbiegraduallygotinterestedinmedicine.A.TrueB.FalseB.FalseC.NotGivenC.NotGivenC.NotGiven9.RobbiefinallybecameadoctoratNewYorkHospital.A.TrueB.FalseC.NotGiven10.Bigopportunitiescancomeoutofordinarymeetings.A.TrueB.FalseC.NotGiven第二部分：阅读选择（第11～15题，每题2分，共10分）阅读下面短文，请从短文后所给各题的4个选项(A、B、C、D)中选出1个最佳选项，并在答题卡相应位置上将该项涂黑。TalktoYourKidsaboutTheirEatingHabitsCarefullyWeightisneveraneasysubject.Itcanberiskyforparentstoraisetheissueofeatinghabitsandweightwiththeirkids.“Nokideverlostweightbecausehismothertoldhimhewasfat,”afriendtoldmewhenIwasworriedaboutmyson’sweight.Itturnsoutshewasright,accordingtoanewstudy.ThestudywasdirectedbyDr.BergeatUniversityofMinnesota.Shefoundthatkidswhoseparentsdiscussedeatinginahealthywaywerelesslikelytohaveeatingproblems.But64%ofthekidswhoseparentsfocusedontheirweightturnedtounhealthyeatingbehaviors.Somekidswentonextremediets,andothersevenatenofood.Soeatingdisorderswerecaused.Thingswereworsewhenfathersjoinedinthediscussionswiththeirdaughtersandfocusedonweight.“Fathersshouldnevercommentontheirdaughters’weight,”saysBerge.Instead,shesuggests,fathersshouldfocusontheirdaughters’interests.Thatcanhelpthemfeellovedandconfidentenoughtoworkontheirweightissues.Howshouldparentstalktokidsabout.eatingbehaviors?AccordingtoBerge,theyshouldavoidfocusingonhowmuchtheirkidsweigh.Theyshouldtalktothemaboutbeinghealthy.Don'tcomparethemwithothers.Ideally,bothparentsshouldsharetheresponsibility.Ifthat'snotpossible,choosetheparentwhosewordscausetheleastamountofstressandwhodemonstrateshealthyeating.11.Thewriter’sfriendadvisedhernottoA.worryaboutherson'sweight.B.taketheriskofgainingweightD.talktohersonabouthisweightC.changeherowneatinghabits12.Thestudyfoundthatsomekidshadfewereatingproblemsbecausethey________.A.learnedtoeathealthilyC.focusedontheirweightB.tookpartinthestudyD.believedthescientists13.Whentoldabouttheirfatness,somekids_____________.A.felthelplessB.becameangryC.begantoeatnofoodD.refusedtotakeanyadvice14.Ifafatherfocusesonhisdaughter'sinterests,shewillfeel____________.A.amusedB.encouragedD.challengedC.surprised15.Whentakingtotheirkidsabouteatingbehaviors,parentsshould______________.A.focusonbeinghealthyC.respecttheirkids'viewsB.useshortandsimplewordsD.comparetheirkidswithothers非选择题区第三部分：概括段落大意和补全句子(第16～25题，每题1分，共10分)阅读下面短文，请完成短文后的2项测试任务：(1)从第16～20题后所给的6个选项中，为第①～⑤段每段选择1个正确的小标题；(2)从第21～25题后所给的6个选项中选择5个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。请将所选项对应的字母写在答题卡上。Plagiarism（剽窃）①YoujustfoundsomegoodstuffontheWebforyoursciencereport.Youcopyaparagraphandpasteitintoyourreport.Thenyoucontinueyourresearch.Butyoujustmadeabigmistake.Youcommittedplagiarism.Plagiarismiswhenyouusesomeoneelse’swordsorideasandpretendthattheyareyours.It’snotallowedinschool,college,orbeyond.②Theword“plagiarism”comesfromLatin.Itmeansstealingaperson’sideas.Butit’snotalwayseasytotellwhatisplagiarismandwhatisnot.Sometimes,it’saccidental.Youreallyintendedtodoyourownwork,yetendedupwithsomesentencesthatsoundjustlikesomethingyou’veread.③Thoughplagiarismcanbeaccidental,it’ssometimesdoneonpurpose.That’sjustbeinglazy.Bycopyingwholeparagraphsfromdifferentplaces,youdon’thavetospendthetimethinkingaboutthesubject,gatheringyourownthoughtsaboutit,andthenputtingthemintooriginalwords.Cut,paste,andyou’redone.④Mostschoolsareprettystrictaboutplagiarism,Ifyou’recaught,yourgraduationwillbedelayedorworse.Attheveryleast,you’reprobablygoingtofailtheassignment.Whenyou’reolderandincollege,someschoolswillkickoutstudentswhoplagiarize.Whenyou’rekickedoutofonecollege,itcanbehardtogetintoanother.⑤Tobeonthesafeside,alwaysmakeitclearwheretheinformationcomesfrom.Youneedtowritereferences.That’salistofthesourcesyouusedforaprojectorreport.Todothat,you’reneedtoknowtheauthor,thetitle,andthedateitwaspublished.Ifyouwritesomethingreallygreat,maybesomedaysomeonewillquoteyouinareport.Task1A.Purposefulplagiarism16.Paragraph①:B.Thecostofplagiarism17.Paragraph②:C.Thedefinitionofplagiarism18.Paragraph③:D.Accidentalplagiarism19.Paragraph④:E.Detectingplagiarism20.Paragraph⑤:F.AvoidingplagiarismTask2A.youwillbepunished21.Youcommitplagiarismwhenyou________.B.youhavegreatideas22.Sometimesitishardtotellwhether_________.C.quoteyouintheirreports23.Copyingwholeparagraphscan______.D.takeothers’ideasasyours24.Oncecaughtforplagiarism,_________E.saveyoumuchtime25.Ifyoupublishsomethinggreat,peoplemay_____.F.youplagiarizeornot第四部分：填句补文(第26～30题，每题2分，共10分)下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌，请将所选项对应的字母写在答题卡上。FruitImagineaworldwithoutfruit.Wewouldn’tbeveryhealthy.Wegetalotofimportantvitaminsfromeatingfruit.Wethinkoffruitprimarilyassomethingtoeat.26anditcarriestheseeds.Thepurposeoffruitistoprotectaplant'sseedsandhelpthemgetspreadabout.Windandwaterspreadseeds.Sodoanimalswhentheyeatfruitanddroptheseeds.Therearetwomaintypesoffruitfleshyanddry.Fleshyfruitsaresoftandjuicy.Pears,bananasFruitispartofafloweringplant27andapplesareallfleshyfruits.28aredryfruits.Grainslikewheatandrice,ornutslikechestnuts(板栗),ButwaitYou’veeatenorangesandgrapeswithoutseeds.Howcantheybefruits?It’sbecausepeoplehavechangedthewaytheygrowfruit.Theycannowgrowseedlessfruit.Seedlessfruitcomesfromspecialplantsthataremadebycombiningtwovarietiesofafruittoformanewvariety.Thesespecialplantsgrowandproduceseeds.29themselves.Theycanmakefruit,butthefruithasnoseeds.TheseplantscannotreproduceFruitsareasourceofsubstancesthatkeepusaliveandhealthy.Sopeoplemakeuseoffruitsformanyfoods.Wemakejuicesfromthem.Wemakejamsandsweets.30Beercomesfromgrainsandwinecomesfromgrapes,andsomeparticularwinesaremadefromapples,peaches,orotherfruits.A.Dryfruitsarethinandhard.B.Weevenmakealcoholfromfruit.C.Butfruithasapurposequiteapartfromourneeds.D.Sotheseplantsproducefleshyfruits.E.Thentheseedsgrowintonewplants.F.Buttheplantsgrownfromtheseseedsareseedless.第五部分：填词补文（第31～40题，每题1.5分，共15分）下面的短文有10处空白，短文后列出12个词，其中10个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌，请将所选项对应的字母写在答题卡上。MentalActivitiesHelpSaveMemoryDoingmentalactivitiesishelpful.Readingbooksandwritingatanyagemaysavememory,anew31finds.ThestudywasconductedbysomeAmericanneurologists(神经病学家).Itpeople.Theyweregivenonmemoryandthinking.Theyhadthetestsonceayearforsixyears.Theywerealsoaskedtotalkabouttheirmentalactivitiesduringchildhood,intheiryouth,duringmiddleageandattheirSomeofthosepeopledidmentalactivitiesbothofdeclineinmemorythantheothers.TheothersTheirrateofdeclineinmemorywas48%“Mentalactivitieslikereadingandwritingaregreat.They322943334age.35andlateinlife.Theyhadaslower3637didsuchactivities.38.39bringbenefits.Weshouldn’t40theireffectsonourchildren,ourselvesandourparents,”saidRobertWilson,leadauthorofthestudy.A.earlyE.fasterF.produceG.studyI.involvedJ.neglectK.rateB.testsC.seldomD.taughtH.currentL.really第六部分：完形补文(第41～50题,每题1.5分,共15分)下面的短文有10处空白,每处空白后的括号内有一个词,请根据短文内容将其正确的形式填入文中,以恢复文章原貌,并将答案写在答题卡相应的位置上。LaborMarketDeclineThedeclineofthelabormarketiseasytomisinterpret(interpret).Therearemanyreasonsforthat.Duringthe1970s,largenumbersofwomenandyoungadultsbabyboomenteredi