高中英语译林版必修4Unit1课下能力提升1

Unit1课下能力提升(一)Ⅰ.单项填空1．________intheexaminationsmeans________theteachersandyourselves.A．Cheating;tofoolB．Fooling;cheatingC．Tocheat;tofoolD．Cheating;fooling2．Thenumberofdeathsfromheartdiseasewillbereducedgreatlyifpeople________toeatmorefruitandvegetables.A．persuadeB．arepersuadedC．willbepersuadedD．willpersuade3.Ididsaysomemeanwords,buttheywerenot________foryou.A．meantB．preparedC．providedD．mented4．Whenit________money,hehasnoconfidence.A．estoB．esoutC．esaboutD．esdown5．Iamsurenobodywill________hisoldtrick.A．fallintoB．dropinC．fallforD．runinto6．Theschoolshavecarriedoutaseriesofreforms,________atreducingtheburdenofthestudents,aswellasthatoftheteachers.A．aimB．toaimC．aimedD．aiming7．Iagreewithmostofwhatyousaid,butIdon'tagreewith________.A．anythingB．somethingC．everythingD．nothing8．I'dliketo________onwhattheydidaboutthearrangement.A．mentB．sayC．tellD．speak9．Thepanywantsto________amarketingmanager.A．advertiseonB．advertiseaboutC．advertisetoD．advertisefor10．—Didyouseewhothedriverwas?—No,soquickly________thatIdidn'tmakeoutwhathisfacewaslike.A．didthecarspeedbyB．thecarspedbyC．doesthecarspeedbyD．thecarspeedsbyⅡ.完形填空Somepeoplebelievethatwomenarebetterdriversthanmen.__1__，othersthinkthatwomenmakeworsedrivers.Theideathatwomenmake__2__driversisastereotype(刻板印象)．Itesfromatimewhenwomendrovelessthanmen,and__3__wasseenasaman'sresponsibility.Therearecertainly__4__viewsonthiscontroversialquestion,__5__thereareanumberofreasonswhyawoman'spersonalitymakesheramorepetent(能胜任的)driver.Firstly,womenaremorepatientandpolitetowardsotherroad__6__，suchaspedestriansandcyclists.Instressfulsituationstheyaremorelikelytostay__7__，andlesslikelytobeinvolvedin“roadrage(愤怒)”incidents.Secondly,femaledriversaremore__8__sotheytakefewerrisks,forexamplewhenovertaking.Thirdly,theyaremoreresponsibleand__9__theytendnottodrivewhentiredorafterdrinkingalcohol.__10__，manypeoplearguethatwomencauseaccidentsbecausetheymayreactslowlybecausethey__11__confidence.Inaddition,theyare__12__disturbed,forexample,bychildreninthecar.Researchalso__13__thatwomenfindmapreadingmore__14__thanmen,andcanhaveproblemswiththedifferencebetweenleftandright.Despitethefactthatwomenhavemoreaccidents,__15__isoftencheaperforthembecausetheaccidentstendtobeminor.Inparticular,womenhaveaccidentswhenparking.Thisisbecausewomenoftenhave__16__spatial(空间的)awareness.Incontrast,mentendto__17__moreseriousaccidents.Tosumup,itcanbeseenthatwomenmake__18__driversthanmenbecauseoftheir__19__.Thisisgenerally__20__bythefactthatwomenhavefeweraccidentsandpaylowerinsurancethanmen.Onbalance,itisclearthatwomenarelesspetitiveandaggressivethanmenbehindthewheelandthereforebetterdrivers.1．A.BesidesB．HoweverC．OtherwiseD．Therefore2．A.brighterB．betterC．worseD．nicer3．A.drivingB．workingC．teachingD．inventing4．A.popularB．strongC．positiveD．different5．A.sinceB．unlessC．althoughD．when6．A.usersB．plannersC．engineersD．cleaners7．A.quietB．silentC．calmD．healthy8．A.cautiousB．honestC．dangerousD．nervous9．A.stillB．yetC．evenD．thus10．A.AtthesametimeB．InfactC．OntheotherhandD．Ingeneral11．A.haveB．lackC．shareD．lose12．A.easilyB．slightlyC．normallyD．unexpectedly13．A.studiesB．producesC．exploresD．shows14．A.interestingB．importantC．difficultD．relaxing15．A.routeB．insuranceC．licenseD．equipment16．A.poorB．deepC．directD．full17．A.surviveB．causeC．preventD．record18．A.clevererB．happierC．greaterD．safer19．A.confidenceB．habitC．faithD．personality20．A.decidedB．supportedC．affectedD．expressedⅢ.阅读理解DrDianFossey,oneoftheworld'sleadingwomenscientists,hadaremarkablecareer.Thework—shedevotedherlifetoprotectingandstudyingthemountaingorillas(大猩猩)ofAfrica—hasprovedhighlyeffectiveandhasresultedinthesteady(平稳的)increaseofthismostendangeredgreatapes.FosseymadeherfirsttriptoAfricain1963.Threeyearslater,shereturnedtoAfricatobeginalongtermstudyofthemountaingorillas.ShesetupcampintheDemocraticRepublicofCongobutmovedtoRwandabecauseofpoliticalreasonsin1967.Sheestablishedher“Karisoke”ResearchCentrecamponSeptember24,1967.Fossey'saimsweretostudygorillaecology(生态学)andsocialorganization.Shefoundthatinordertoachievethis,sheneededtorecognizeindividualgorillas,whichrequiredthatthegorillasgetusedtoherpresence(出现)．Bycopyinggorillas,behaviourandsounds,Fosseybegantogaintheirtrust,andin1970anadultmalegorillashehadnamed“Peanuts”reachedouttotouchherhand.CloseobservationsoverthousandsofhoursenabledFosseytogainthegorillas'trustandbringforthnewknowledgeabouttheirbehaviour.StoriesandphotographsofherworkwerepublishedinNationalGeographicMagazineandelsewhere.In1977,oneofFossey'sfavoritegorillas,Digit,waskilledbypoachersandsheestablishedtheDigitFundtohelpraisemoneyforgorillaprotectioneffortsinthesameyear.OnDecember26,1985,FosseywasmurderedwhilegoingbacktoherhouseinKarisoke.Herbodywasdiscoveredneartheresearchcentre.Mostprobably,DianFosseyhadbeenkilledbythepoachersshe'dfoughtagainst.Onhertombstone(墓碑)：“Noonelovedgorillasmore...”In1988,thelifeandtheworkofFosseyweremadeintoamoviebasedonherbook.1．Whydoestheauthorsay“DrDianFosseyhadaremarkablecareer”？A．Becauseshetravelledallovertheworld.B．Becauseshelikedtoplaywithgorillas.C．Becauseshestudiedgorillaecology.D．Becauseshemadegreatapesincreasesteadily.2．WhichofthefollowingshowstherighttimeorderoftheeventsinFossey'slife?a．SheestablishedtheDigitFund.b．Herstorywasshowninamovie.c．Shewaskilledprobablybythepoachers.d．Sheestablishedher“Karisoke”centre.A．a，d，c，bB．a，c，d，bC．d，c，b，aD．d，a，c，b3．Theunderlinedword“poachers”inParagraph5probablyreferstopeoplewho________.A．selldrugsagainstthelawB．huntanimalsagainstthelawC．hatesuccessfulpeopleD．liketodoharmtopeople4．FromthewordsonFossey'stombstone,wecaninferthat________.A．FosseywasthepersonwholovedgorillasmostB．afterFosseydied,noonelovesgorillasC．FosseywasthefirstonetostudygorillasD．everybodylovesgorillasasFosseydid课下能力提升(一)Ⅰ.1.解析：选D在考试中作弊要用cheat；fool表示“愚弄”；meandoingsth.“意味着做某事”；meantodosth.“打算做某事”。由语境可知答案为D。2．解析：选B句意：如果劝人们多吃水果和蔬菜，死于心脏病的人数会大大降低。people与persuade之间是被动关系，所以应用被动语态。在条件状语从句中用一般现在时表示将来，故选B。3．解析：选A句意：我的确说了一些刻薄的话，可是那些话并不是针对你的。短语bemeantfor意为“为……而设计/打算”，符合句意。prepare“准备”；provide“提供”；ment“评论”，都不符合句意。4．解析：选A句意：当提到钱时，他就没有自信心了。whenitestosth.“当谈到某事物时”，为固定用法。eout“出版；出现”；eabout“发生；产生”；edown“下降”。5．解析：选C句意：我确信没人会再上他的老把戏的当。fallfor“受……的骗，上……的当”；fallinto“分成，变成；落入”；dropin“顺便拜访”；runinto“撞到，偶遇”。6．解析：选C动词aim可用于句型：aimtodosth.和beaimedatdoingsth.，意为“目的是”。本题待选项的前面是逗号，且后面没有连词，故用beaimedatdoingsth.的句型。分词作状语时不用be。7．解析：选Ceverything与否定词连用表示部分否定。8．解析：选A句意：我想就他们对这项安排的所作所为作一下评论。menton“对……发表评论”。9．解析：选D句意：这家公司想登一则广告招聘一位市场营销经理。advertisefor“登广告招聘”，符合句意。10．解析：选A在so＋adj./adv.＋that...句型中，如果把so＋adj./adv.放到句首，则主句要用部分倒装，根据句中语境可以看出为过去时态，故正确答案为A项。Ⅱ.1．解析：选B前后句之间表示转折关系，故用“然而(However)”。2．解析：选C由上文中“othersthinkthatwomenmakeworsedrivers”可知，此处指认为女司机是“更糟糕的(worse)”司机的想法是一种刻板印象。3．解析：选A由上文中的“womendrovelessthanmen”可知，“开车(driving)”被认为是男性的职责。4．解析：选D由下文中“thiscontroversialquestion”可知，人们对这个有争议的问题有“不同的(different)”看法。5．解析：选C上下文表示让步关系，故用“尽管(although)”。6．解析：选A由下文中的“suchaspedestriansandcyclists”可知，此处指其他的道路“使用者(users)”。7．解析：选C由上文中的“stressfulsituations”以及下文中的“lesslikelytobeinvolvedin‘roadrage’incidents”可知，女司机在压力大的情况下更可能保持“冷静(calm)”。8．解析：选A由下文中的“sotheytakefewerrisks”可知，女司机比男司机更“谨慎(cautious)”。9．解析：选Dtheyaremoreresponsible与theytendnottodrivewhentiredorafterdrinkingalcohol之间是因果关系，故用“因此(thus)”。10．解析：选C上文中讲述了女司机的优点，由该空后的“manypeoplearguethatwomencauseaccidents”可知，本段要讲述女司机的另一面，故用“另一方面(Ontheotherhand)”。11．解析：选B由上文中的“theymayreactslowly”可知，女司机“缺乏(lack)”自信。12．解析：选A由下文中的“bychildreninthecar”可知，女司机在开车时很“容易(easily)”受到干扰。13．解析：选D解析见下题。14．解析：选C由上文中的Research以及下文中的“haveproblemswiththedifferencebetweenleftandright”可知，研究“表明(shows)”，相比起男性，女性发现看地图更“难(difficult)”。15．解析：选B由下文中的“paylowerinsurance”可知，尽管女司机会有更多的事故，但是这些事故都是小事故，她们交的“保险(insurance)”也常常更便宜。16．解析：选A由上文中的“womenhaveaccidentswhenparking”以及下文中的“spatialawareness”可知，女司机的空间感比较“差(poor)”。17．解析：选B由上文对女司机造成事故的介绍以及该空前的“Incontrast”可知，相比之下，男司机更容易“造成(cause)”严重的事故。18．解析：选D由下文中的“itisclearthat...andthereforebetterdrivers”可知，女司机比男司机“更安全(safer)”。19．解析：选D由上文中的“whyawoman'spersonalitymakesheramorepetentdriver”以及文中的描述可知，女性的“个性(personality)”决定了她们是更安全的驾驶员。20．解析：选B由下文中的“bythefactthat...paylowerinsurancethanmen”可知，女性总体来说事故少这一事实“支持(supported)”了上面这一结论。Ⅲ.1．解析：选D细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知，她的工作使濒危动物——巨猿的数量得以平稳增长，这是她的非凡成就。2．解析：选D顺序排序题。Fossey建立theDigitFund是在1977年；她的故事被拍成电影是在1988年；她被杀害是在1985年；她建立Karisoke研究中心是在1967年。由此可知D项的排序是正确的。3．解析：选B词义猜测题。根据最后三段中Fossey建立保护大猩猩的基金及她与poachers进行斗争可知，她应该是被偷猎者暗杀的。poacher指“偷猎者”。4．解析：选A推理判断题。写在Fossey墓碑上的这句话的意思是“没有人比Fossey更爱大猩猩了”，也就是说Fossey是最热爱大猩猩的人，故选A项。Unit1课下能力提升(一)Ⅰ.单项填空1．________intheexaminationsmeans________theteachersandyourselves.A．Cheating;tofoolB．Fooling;cheatingC．Tocheat;tofoolD．Cheating;fooling2．Thenumberofdeathsfromheartdiseasewillbereducedgreatlyifpeople________toeatmorefruitandvegetables.A．persuadeB．arepersuadedC．willbepersuadedD．willpersuade3.Ididsaysomemeanwords,buttheywerenot________foryou.A．meantB．preparedC．providedD．mented4．Whenit________money,hehasnoconfidence.A．estoB．esoutC．esaboutD．esdown5．Iamsurenobodywill________hisoldtrick.A．fallintoB．dropinC．fallforD．runinto6．Theschoolshavecarriedoutaseriesofreforms,________atreducingtheburdenofthestudents,aswellasthatoftheteachers.A．aimB．toaimC．aimedD．aiming7．Iagreewithmostofwhatyousaid,butIdon'tagreewith________.A．anythingB．somethingC．everythingD．nothing8．I'dliketo________onwhattheydidaboutthearrangement.A．mentB．sayC．tellD．speak9．Thepanywantsto________amarketingmanager.A．advertiseonB．advertiseaboutC．advertisetoD．advertisefor10．—Didyouseewhothedriverwas?—No,soquickly________thatIdidn'tmakeoutwhathisfacewaslike.A．didthecarspeedbyB．thecarspedbyC．doesthecarspeedbyD．thecarspeedsbyⅡ.完形填空Somepeoplebelievethatwomenarebetterdriversthanmen.__1__，othersthinkthatwomenmakeworsedrivers.Theideathatwomenmake__2__driversisastereotype(刻板印象)．Itesfromatimewhenwomendrovelessthanmen,and__3__wasseenasaman'sresponsibility.Therearecertainly__4__viewsonthiscontroversialquestion,__5__thereareanumberofreasonswhyawoman'spersonalitymakesheramorepetent(能胜任的)driver.Firstly,womenaremorepatientandpolitetowardsotherroad__6__，suchaspedestriansandcyclists.Instressfulsituationstheyaremorelikelytostay__7__，andlesslikelytobeinvolvedin“roadrage(愤怒)”incidents.Secondly,femaledriversaremore__8__sotheytakefewerrisks,forexamplewhenovertaking.Thirdly,theyaremoreresponsibleand__9__theytendnottodrivewhentiredorafterdrinkingalcohol.__10__，manypeoplearguethatwomencauseaccidentsbecausetheymayreactslowlybecausethey__11__confidence.Inaddition,theyare__12__disturbed,forexample,bychildreninthecar.Researchalso__13__thatwomenfindmapreadingmore__14__thanmen,andcanhaveproblemswiththedifferencebetweenleftandright.Despitethefactthatwomenhavemoreaccidents,__15__isoftencheaperforthembecausetheaccidentstendtobeminor.Inparticular,womenhaveaccidentswhenparking.Thisisbecausewomenoftenhave__16__spatial(空间的)awareness.Incontrast,mentendto__17__moreseriousaccidents.Tosumup,itcanbeseenthatwomenmake__18__driversthanmenbecauseoftheir__19__.Thisisgenerally__20__bythefactthatwomenhavefeweraccidentsandpaylowerinsurancethanmen.Onbalance,itisclearthatwomenarelesspetitiveandaggressivethanmenbehindthewheelandthereforebetterdrivers.1．A.BesidesB．HoweverC．OtherwiseD．Therefore2．A.brighterB．betterC．worseD．nicer3．A.drivingB．workingC．teachingD．inventing4．A.popularB．strongC．positiveD．different5．A.sinceB．unlessC．althoughD．when6．A.usersB．plannersC．engineersD．cleaners7．A.quietB．silentC．calmD．healthy8．A.cautiousB．honestC．dangerousD．nervous9．A.stillB．yetC．evenD．thus10．A.AtthesametimeB．InfactC．OntheotherhandD．Ingeneral11．A.haveB．lackC．shareD．lose12．A.easilyB．slightlyC．normallyD．unexpectedly13．A.studiesB．producesC．exploresD．shows14．A.interestingB．importantC．difficultD．relaxing15．A.routeB．insuranceC．licenseD．equipment16．A.poorB．deepC．directD．full17．A.surviveB．causeC．preventD．record18．A.clevererB．happierC．greaterD．safer19．A.confidenceB．habitC．faithD．personality20．A.decidedB．supportedC．affectedD．expressedⅢ.阅读理解DrDianFossey,oneoftheworld'sleadingwomenscientists,hadaremarkablecareer.Thework—shedevotedherlifetoprotectingandstudyingthemountaingorillas(大猩猩)ofAfrica—hasprovedhighlyeffectiveandhasresultedinthesteady(平稳的)increaseofthismostendangeredgreatapes.FosseymadeherfirsttriptoAfricain1963.Threeyearslater,shereturnedtoAfricatobeginalongtermstudyofthemountaingorillas.ShesetupcampintheDemocraticRepublicofCongobutmovedtoRwandabecauseofpoliticalreasonsin1967.Sheestablishedher“Karisoke”ResearchCentrecamponSeptember24,1967.Fossey'saimsweretostudygorillaecology(生态学)andsocialorganization.Shefoundthatinordertoachievethis,sheneededtorecognizeindividualgorillas,whichrequiredthatthegorillasgetusedtoherpresence(出现)．Bycopyinggorillas,behaviourandsounds,Fosseybegantogaintheirtrust,andin1970anadultmalegorillashehadnamed“Peanuts”reachedouttotouchherhand.CloseobservationsoverthousandsofhoursenabledFosseytogainthegorillas'trustandbringforthnewknowledgeabouttheirbehaviour.StoriesandphotographsofherworkwerepublishedinNationalGeographicMagazineandelsewhere.In1977,oneofFossey'sfavoritegorillas,Digit,waskilledbypoachersandsheestablishedtheDigitFundtohelpraisemoneyforgorillaprotectioneffortsinthesameyear.OnDecember26,1985,FosseywasmurderedwhilegoingbacktoherhouseinKarisoke.Herbodywasdiscoveredneartheresearchcentre.Mostprobably,DianFosseyhadbeenkilledbythepoachersshe'dfoughtagainst.Onhertombstone(墓碑)：“Noonelovedgorillasmore...”In1988,thelifeandtheworkofFosseyweremadeintoamoviebasedonherbook.1．Whydoestheauthorsay“DrDianFosseyhadaremarkablecareer”？A．Becauseshetravelledallovertheworld.B．Becauseshelikedtoplaywithgorillas.C．Becauseshestudiedgorillaecology.D．Becauseshemadegreatapesincreasesteadily.2．WhichofthefollowingshowstherighttimeorderoftheeventsinFossey'slife?a．SheestablishedtheDigitFund.b．Herstorywasshowninamovie.c．Shewaskilledprobablybythepoachers.d．Sheestablishedher“Karisoke”centre.A．a，d，c，bB．a，c，d，bC．d，c，b，aD．d，a，c，b3．Theunderlinedword“poachers”inParagraph5probablyreferstopeoplewho________.A．selldrugsagainstthelawB．huntanimalsagainstthelawC．hatesuccessfulpeopleD．liketodoharmtopeople4．FromthewordsonFossey'stombstone,wecaninferthat________.A．FosseywasthepersonwholovedgorillasmostB．afterFosseydied,noonelovesgorillasC．FosseywasthefirstonetostudygorillasD．everybodylovesgorillasasFosseydid课下能力提升(一)Ⅰ.1.解析：选D在考试中作弊要用cheat；fool表示“愚弄”；meandoingsth.“意味着做某事”；meantodosth.“打算做某事”。由语境可知答案为D。2．解析：选B句意：如果劝人们多吃水果和蔬菜，死于心脏病的人数会大大降低。people与persuade之间是被动关系，所以应用被动语态。在条件状语从句中用一般现在时表示将来，故选B。3．解析：选A句意：我的确说了一些刻薄的话，可是那些话并不是针对你的。短语bemeantfor意为“为……而设计/打算”，符合句意。prepare“准备”；provide“提供”；ment“评论”，都不符合句意。4．解析：选A句意：当提到钱时，他就没有自信心了。whenitestosth.“当谈到某事物时”，为固定用法。eout“出版；出现”；eabout“发生；产生”；edown“下降”。5．解析：选C句意：我确信没人会再上他的老把戏的当。fallfor“受……的骗，上……的当”；fallinto“分成，变成；落入”；dropin“顺便拜访”；runinto“撞到，偶遇”。6．解析：选C动词aim可用于句型：aimtodosth.和beaimedatdoingsth.，意为“目的是”。本题待选项的前面是逗号，且后面没有连词，故用beaimedatdoingsth.的句型。分词作状语时不用be。7．解析：选Ceverything与否定词连用表示部分否定。8．解析：选A句意：我想就他们对这项安排的所作所为作一下评论。menton“对……发表评论”。9．解析：选D句意：这家公司想登一则广告招聘一位市场营销经理。advertisefor“登广告招聘”，符合句意。10．解析：选A在so＋adj./ad