大学英语1阅读理解强化训练

大学英语1阅读理解强化训练

Passageone（含答案）

TheUnitedStatesisonthevergeoflosingitsleadingplaceintheworld's

technology.Sosaysmorethanonestudyinrecentyears.Oneofthereasonsforthis

declineistheparalleldeclineinthenumberofU.S.scientistsandengineers.

Since1976,employmentofscientistsandengineersisup85percent.Thistrendis

expectedtocontinue.However,thetrendshowsthatthenumberof22-year-olds-the

neartermsourceoffuturePH.D.sisdeclining.Furtheraddingtotheproblemisthe

increasedcompetitionforthesecandidatesfromotherfieldslikelaw,medicine,

business,etc.WhilethenumberofU.S.PH.D.sinscienceandengineeringdeclines,

theawardofPH.D.stoforeignnationalsisincreasingrapidly.

Ourinabilitytomotivatestudentstopursuescienceandengineeringcareersatthe

graduateleveliscompoundedbecauseoftheintensedemandindustryhasforbright

Bachelor'sandMaster'sdegreeholders.Toooften,promisingPH.D.Candidates,

confrontingthecostandfinancialsacrificeofpursuingtheireducation,findthe

attractionofindustryirresistible.

1.TheU.S.willcometoloseitsleadingplaceintechnologyprobablybecause

A.thenumberofPH.D.Degreeholdersisdeclining

B.thenumberofscientistsandengineersisdecreasing

C.thenumberof22-year-ildsisdeclining

D.scientistsandengineersarenotemployed

2.Thefieldofscienceandengineeringisfacingacompetitionfrom.

A.technology

B.foreignnationals

C.suchfieldsaslaw,medicineandbusiness

D.postgraduates

3.Large-scaleenterprisesnowneed.

A.brightgraduatesandpostgraduates

B.newinventions

C.advancedtechnology

D.engineers

4.ManypromisingpostgraduatesareunwillingtopursueaPH.D.degreebecause

A.theyarenotencouragedtobeengagedinscience

B.industrydoesnotrequirePH.D.holders

C.theyhavefinancialdifficulties

D.theywillspendmuchtimeandenergycompletingPH.D.

5.PH.D.candidates"findtheattractionofindustryirresistible"meansthat

A.theyfindindustryisattractingmoreandmorecollegestudents

B.theydon'tthinktheycanpreventthemselvesfromworkingforindustry

C.theycannotresistanyattractionfromallsides

D.theycannotworkforindustryanylonger

答案:BCADB

PassageTwo（含答案）

Nowadays,astandardformeasuringpowerhaschanged.Thesechangesforetella

newstandardformeasuringpower.Nolongerwillanation'spoliticalinfluencebe

basedsolelyonthestrengthofitsmilitaryforces.Ofcourse,militaryeffectiveness

willremainaprimarymeasureofpower.Butpoliticalinfluenceisalsocloselytiedto

industrialcompetitiveness.It'softensaidthatwithoutitsmilitarytheSovietUnion

wouldreallybeathird-worldnation.Thenewstandardofpowerandinfluencethatis

evolvingnowplacesmoreemphasisontheabilityofacountrytocompeteeffectively

intheeconomicmarketsoftheworld.

Americamustrecognizethisnewcourseofevents.Oursuccessinshapingworld

eventsoverthepast40yearshasbeenthedirectresultofourabilitytoadapt

technologyandtotakeadvantageofthecapabilitiesofourpeopleforthepurposeof

maintainingpeace.Ourindustrialprowessovermostofthisperiodwasunchallenged.

Itisironicthatitisjustthisprowessthathasenabledothercountriestoprosperandin

turntothreatenourindustrialleadership.

ThecompetitivenessofAmerica'sindustrialbaseisanissuebiggerthanthe

DepartmentofDefenseandisgoingtorequiretheeffortsofthemajorinstitutional

forcesinoursociety-government,industry,andeducation.Thatisnottosaythatthe

DefenseDepartmentwillnotbeastrongforceintheprocessbecausewewill.Butwe

simplycannotbe,norshouldwebe,lookeduponbyothersasthesaviorofAmerican

industry.

1.Nowanation'spoliticalinfluencedependson.

A.thestrengthofitsmilitaryforces

B.itsabilitytocompeteinindustry

C.economicmarkets

D.bothaandb

2.TheSovietUnionwasnotlistedasathird-worldnationjustbecauseof.

A.itspowerfulmilitaryforces

B.itsvastland

C.itsindustrialcompetitiveness

D.itscontributionstoworldpeace

3.TheauthorindicatesthatisthreateningAmericanpoliticalpower.

A.othercountries

B.thedecliningU.S.industrialbase

C.anewstandardformeasuringpower

D.lessadvancedtechnology

4.Americasucceededinshapingworldeventsoverpast40yearsprobablybecauseof

A.itsabilitytoadapttechnology

B.itsabilitytotakeadvantageofthecapabilitiesofitspeople

C.itsabilitytocompeteintheworldmarkets

D.bothaandb

5.Thepurposeofwritingthisarticleis.

A.todrawthereaders*attentiontoanewstandardformeasuringpower

B.todemonstrateAmericanpoliticalinfluenceintheworld

C.toemphasizethateffortsmustbemadetostrengthenthedecliningU.S.industrial

base

D.toshowAmericanindustrialprowess

答案:DABDC

PassageThree（含答案）

Inanewstudyaboutthewaykidslearnmathinelementaryschool,thepsychologists

attheUniversityofChicagoSianBeilockandSusanLevinefoundasurprising

relationshipbetweenwhatfemaleteachersthinkandwhatfemalestudentslearn:Ifa

femaleteacherisuncomfortablewithherownmathskills,thenherfemalestudents

aremorelikelytobelievethatboysarebetterthangirlsatmath.

“Ifthesegirlskeepgettingmath-anxiousfemaleteachersinlatergrades,itmaycreate

asnowballeffectontheirmathachievement,saidLevine.Inotherwords,girlsmay

enduplearningmathanxietyfromtheirteachers.Thestudysuggeststhatifthesegirls

growupbelievingthatboysarebetteratmaththangirlsare,thenthesegirlsmaynot

doaswellastheywouldhaveiftheyweremoreconfident.

Justasstudentsfindcertainsubjectstobedifficult,teacherscanfindcertainsubjects

tobedifficulttolearn—andteach.Thesubjectofmathcanbeparticularlydifficult

foreveryone.Researchersusetheword"anxiety"todescribesuchfeelings:anxietyis

uneasinessorworry.

Thenewstudyfoundthatwhenateacherhasanxietyaboutmath,thatfeelingcan

influencehowherfemalestudentsfeelaboutmath.Thestudyinvolved65girls,52

boysand17first-andsecond-gradeteachersinelementaryschoolsintheMidwest.

Thestudentstookmathachievementtestsatthebeginningandendoftheschoolyear,

andtheresearcherscomparedthescores.

Theresearchersalsogavethestudentsteststotellwhetherthestudentsbelievedthata

mathsuperstarhadtobeaboy.Thentheresearchersturnedtotheteachers:Tofind

outwhichteacherswereanxiousaboutmath,theresearchersaskedtheteachershow

theyfeltattimeswhentheycameacrossmath,suchaswhenreadingasalesreceipt.A

teacherwhogotnervouslookingatthenumbersonasalesreceipt,forexample,was

probablyanxiousaboutmath.

Boys,onaverage,wereunaffectedbyateacher'sanxiety.Onaverage,girlswith

math-anxiousteachersscoredlowerontheend-of-the-yearmathteststhanothergirls

inthestudydid.Plus,onthetestshowingwhethersomeonethoughtamathsuperstar

hadtobeaboy,20girlsshowedfeelingthatboyswouldbebetteratmath—andallof

thesegirlshadbeentaughtbyfemaleteacherswhohadmathanxiety.

"Thisisaninterestingstudy,buttheresultsneedtobeinterpretedaspreliminaryand

inneedofreplicationwithalargersample,"saidDavidGeary,apsychologistatthe

UniversityofMissouriinColumbia.

1.WhatistheresultoftheresearchattheUniversityofChicago,accordingtothefirst

paragraph?

A.Femaleteachers*confidenceintheirmathskillsisrelatedtogirFsmathskills.

B.Girlsuncomfortablewiththeirownmathskillsarenotasgoodasboysatmath.

C.Femaleteachers*mathskillshaveinfluenceovergirlstudents*mathskills.

D.Girlscomfortablewiththeirownmathskillsarebetterthanboysatmath.

2.Whatisimpliedinthethirdparagraph?

A.Mathteachers,likemathlearners,donotlikethesubjectduetoitsdifficulty.

B.Mathissodifficultthatnoteachersliketoteachit.

C.Teachersaremoreanxiousteachingmaththantheirstudentslearningmath.

D.Adifficultsubjectlikemathmayaffectteachers1confidenceinteachingthe

subject.

3.Accordingtotheexperiment,thoseteacherswereprobablyanxiousaboutmath

whentheyfelt

A.nervousmemorizingthenumbersofasalesreceipt.

B.uneasyreadingthenumbersofasalesreceipt.

C.helplesssavingthenumbersofasalesreceipt.

D.hopelessfillinginthenumbersofasalesreport.

4.Thesixthparagraphtellsusthattheresearchfindings

A.discoverastronglinkbetweenteachers*mathanxietyandtheirstudents1math

achievements.

B.showthatmalestudentsarelesslikelytobeaffectedbytheirmathanxietythan

femalestudents.

C.providestrongevidencethatmathsuperstarsaremorelikelytobemalesthan

females.

D.proveastronglinkbetweenfemaleteachers*mathanxietyandtheirfemale

students1mathachievements.

5.DavidGearythinksthat

A.thestudyisinterestingbutitisbasedonunreliableresearchprocess.

B.theresearchresultsneedtobereinterpretedtobemeaningful.

C.theresearchresultsneedtoberetestedbasedonalargersample.

D.thestudyiswellbasedandproducessignificantresults.

答案：ADBDC

PassageFour（含答案）

Throughoutallagesmanhasalwayscarvedhugefiguresoutofstone.Thiscanbe

seenintheancientruinsofEgypt,PersiaandBabylon.InmodemtimesAmericahas

alsotakenupthesamechallengeandhascarvedhugesculptures（雕塑）intoher

mountains.

OntheEastCoastofAmericanotfarfromAtlanta,GeorgiastandsStoneMountain,

thelargestmassofexposedgranite（花岗岩）intheworld.Carvedintothesideofthis

mountainarethreetremendousequestrian（骑马的）figures.Theyaresculpturesof

JeffersonDavis,RobertE.Leeand"StonewallJackson.^^Itisamemorialtothe

Confederacy（南方联盟）.ThehugefigureofLeealonemeasures138feetfromthe

topofhisheadtotheupofhishorse'shoof.Toseethesestonesculpturesontheside

ofamountainismostimpressiveandinspiring.Itwascommissionedin1916andwas

begunbyGutzonBorglum,thesculptorofMt.Rushmore,butwasnotcompleteduntil

1969byWallerK.Hancock.

InSouthDakota,awesternstate,islocatedanotherachievementofman'sabilityto

shapenatureintohisownimageandtheachievementisconsideredtobeoneofthe

greatman-madewondersofthemodernworld.ItislocatedintheBlackHillsinthe

southwesternpartofthestate.Itiscalledthe“ShrineofDemocracy“atMount

Rushmoreabouttwenty-fivemilesfromRapidCity.Itisvisiblefor97kilometers.

Thismonumentwasconceivedbymastersculptor（雕亥（J家），GutzonBorglumand

wasbegunin1927.HewasborninIdahoandhisfirstcommission（委任）wasa

statueofAbrahamLincolnintheCapitolinWashington,D.C.Thismasterpiecein

stoneconsistsofthefacesoffourU.S.presidentswhichare60feethigheach.The

monumenttook14yearstocompleteandranksasoneofthegreatsculpturesofthe

worldequaltothecolossal（巨大的）figuresofgodsandkingsfoundinEgyptian

templesandtombs.Somehavearguedthatafifthfaceshouldbecarvednexttothe

existingfour,butthiswouldbeimpossiblebecausethestoneontherestofthe

mountainisnotofgoodqualityforcarving.

AtriptoAmericawouldnotbecompletewithoutviewingoneofthesemonuments.

Theirsize,scopeandgrandeurstandasatestimony（证明）tobothartandtechnology

andthegrandeur（壮丽）ofAmerica.

1.Whatcanwelearnfromthefirstparagraph?

A.Allnationshavecarvedcolossalfiguresonthestone.

B.TherearealsosomegreatsculpturesinAmerica.

C.OnlyinEgypt,PersiaandBabylonpeoplecancarvecolossalfigures.

D.Americaisachallengetoothercounties.

2.WhatiscarvedintothesurfaceofStoneMountain?

A.Twofigureswithhorses.

B.Threestandinggenerals.

C.Thefacesoffourpresidents.

D.Threefiguresonhorseback.

3.WhichistrueaboutthesculpturesonStoneMountain?

A.Theyarethelargestintheworld.

B.Onehastostandononesidetoseeallofthem.

C.TheyareconnectedtotheConfederacy.

D.TheyarepartoftheMt.Rushmore.

4.WhatdoweknowaboutGutzonBorglum?

A.HealsodidsomethingforthesculpturesonStoneMountain.

B.HealsocarvedsomegodsandkingsinEgyptiantemplesandtombs.

C.HisoriginalaimwasfivefiguresonMt.Rushmore.

D.HecarvedAbrahamLincolnfirstonMt.Rushmore.

5.WhyafifthfigurewasnotcarvedontoMountRushmore?

A.Becausethesculptor-GutzonBorglumwasagainstit.

B.Becausethemonumentwouldbecometoocontroversial.

C.Becausethereisnomoregoodstoneforqualitycarving.

D.Becausetherearenotenoughfundsfortheproject.

答案：BDCAC

PassageFive（含答案）

Manypeoplebelievetheglarefromsnowcausessnowblindness.Yet,darkglasses

ornot,theyfindthemselvessufferingfromheadachesandwateringeyes,andeven

snowblindness,whenexposedtoseveralhoursof"snowlight".

TheUnitedStatesArmyhasnowdeterminedthatglarefromsnowdoesnotcause

snow-blindnessintroopsinasnow-coveredcountry.Rather,aman'seyesfrequently

findnothingtofocusoninabroadexpanseofbarrensnow-coveredterrain.Sohis

gazecontinuallyshiftsandjumpsbackandforthovertheentirelandscapeinsearchof

somethingtolookat.Findingnothing,hourafterhour,theeyesneverstopsearching

andtheeyeballsbecomesoreandtheeyemusclesache.Natureoffsetsthisirritation

byproducingmoreandfluidwhichcoverstheeyeball.Thefluidcoverstheeyeballin

increasingquantityuntilvisionblurs,thenisobscured,andtheresultistotal,even

thoughtemporary,snowblindness.

ExperimentsledtheArmytoasimplemethodofovercomingthisproblem.Scouts

aheadofamainbodyoftroopsaretrainedtoshakesnowfromevergreenbushes,

creatingadottedlineastheycrosscompletelysnow-coveredlandscape.Eventhe

scoutsthemselvesthrowlightweight,darkcoloredobjectsaheadonwhichtheytoo

canfocus.Themenfollowingcanthenseesomething.Theirgazeisarrested.Their

eyesfocusonabushandhavingfoundsomethingtosee,stopscouringthe

snow-blanketedlandscape.Byfocusingtheirattentionononeobjectatatime,the

mencancrossthesnowwithoutbecominghopelesslysnowblindedorlost.Inthis

waytheproblemofcrossingasolidwhiteterrainisovercome.

1.Topreventheadaches,wateringeyesandblindnesscausedbytheglarefromsnow,

darkglassesare.

A.indispensable

B.useful

C.ineffective

D.available

2.Whentheeyesaresoretearsareproducedto.

A.clearthevision

B.remedysnowblindness

C.easetheirritation

D.loosenthemuscles

3.Snowblindnessmaybeavoidedby.

A.concentratingtothesolidwhiteterrain

B.searchingfbrsomethingtolookatinsnow-coveredterrain

C.providingtheeyeswithsomethingtofocuson

D.coveringtheeyeballswithfluid

4.Thescoutsshakesnowfromevergreenbushesinorderto.

A.givethemenbehindsomethingtosee

B.beautifythelandscape

C.warmthemselvesinthecold

D.preventthemenbehindfromlosingtheirway

5.Asuitabletitleforthispassagewouldbe.

A.snowblindnessandhowtoovercomeit

B.nature'scureforsnowblindness

C.soldiersinthesnow

D.snowvision

答案:CCCAA

PassageSix（含答案）

UniversityofArizonaresearcherDr.WilliamRathjisaysthatafterastudybasedon

lookingintogarbagecans,theaveragefamilywastesatleast$150peryearinfood.

"Housewivesgooutoftheirwaytosavepenniesatthestoreandthendon'trealize

thatwasteofedible（可食用的）foodsaddsupmuchmoreathome,“saidDr.Rathji.

Hewasoneofabout100foodexpertswhometinBoiseforaconferenceonfood

wasteandwaystopreventit.

Americanfamiliesthrowoutbetween8%and20%ofediblefoodatacostof$4.5

billionperyear.Thafsalmostasmuchasthefederalgovernmentspendseveryyear

forfoodstampsandchildnutritionprograms.

Hefoundthatfooditemswhicharecostlyandinshortsupplytendtobewastedmore.

Duringthe1973meatshortage,meatwasteincreasedto9%,comparedwith3%in

1974and1975.Sugarandsugarproductswastejumpedto19%in1975,whensugar

pricesdoubledfromthepreviousyear.

Dr.Rathjitheorizesthathighpricesforceconsumerstoexperiment,sometimesbuyin

largequantities.Inthecaseofmeat,sometimeslow-pricedcutsforunappetizing（弓］

不起食欲的）foodsarepurchased,consumersthentendtowastemore.

Histheoryisthatthemorefoodsbought,themorewasted.Regularbreadiswastedat

abouta10%rate,butspecialtybreadsandrollsarewastedata20%rate.

Ifpeopleareeatingthesamethingeveryday,theylearnhowtomanageit.Butif

you'retryingtopullsomethingoutofthecookbookeverynight,thafsboundtobe

somewaste.

Anotherfindingisthatlowerincomefamilieswastelessfoodthanmiddleandupper

incomefamilies.Andthestudyfoundthatdogfood,whichaccountsfor8%ofa

shoppingcart,israrelywasted.Freshproduceandfrozenitemsaremorelikelytobe

wasted.

Thestudyalsoshowedpeoplewiththemostknowledgeofsafe,ediblefoodwastethe

least.Muchfoodistossedoutbecauseahousewifesuspectsitisspoiledwhenitis

not.

1.Largequantitiesoffoodarethrownoutbecauseahomemaker.

A.thinkstheyarenotdelicious

B.saystheytastebitterandhot

C.suspectstheyarespoiledwhentheyarenot

D.thinkstheysmellbad

2.Americanfamiliesthrowoutbetweenofediblefoodseveryyear.

A.5%~8%B.8%-10%

C.20%〜28%D.8%〜20%

3.Whensugarpricesdoubled,wasteofsugar.

A.wentupB.wentdown

C.stayedthesameD.wascutinhalf

4.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?

A.Americanhousewivesarenotgoodhomemakers.

B.Upper-incomefamiliesaremorewastefulthanlower-incomeones.

C.Americanfamiliesthrowawayalmostasmuchfoodastheyconsume.

D.Americanswasteagreatdealofdogfood.

5.WhendoAmericanfamilieswastemorefood?

A.Whenpricesarehigh.

B.Alloftheabove.

C.Whentheythinkitisspoiled.

D.Whenfoodisscarce.

答案：CDABB

PassageSeven（含答案）

Oneofthequalitiesthatmostpeopleadmireinothersisthewillingnesstoadmit

one'smistakes.Itisextremelyhardsometimestosayasimplethinglike"Iwaswrong

aboutthat,"anditisevenhardertosay,"Iwaswrong,andyouwererightaboutthat."

Ihadanexperiencerecentlywithsomeoneadmittingtomethathehadmadea

mistakefifteenyearsago.Hetoldmehehadbeenthemanagerofacertaingrocery

storeintheneighborhoodwhereIgrewup,andheaskedmeifIrememberedtheegg

cartons.ThenherelatedanincidentandIbegantoremembervaguelytheincidenthe

wasdescribing.

Iwasabouteightyearsoldatthetime,andIhadgoneintothestorewithmy

mothertodotheweeklygroceryshopping.Onthatparticularday,Imusthavefound

mywaytothedairyfooddepartmentwheretheincidenttookplace.

Theremusthavebeenaspecialsaleoneggsthatdaybecausetherewasan

impressivedisplayofeggsindozenandhalf-dozencartons.Thecartonswerestacked

threeorfourfeethigh.Imusthavestoppedinfrontofadisplaytoadmirethestacks.

Justthenawomancamebypushinghergrocerycartandknockedoffthestacksof

cartons.Forsomereason,Idecideditwasuptometoputthedisplaybacktogether,

soIwanttowork.

Themanagerheardthenoiseandcamerushingovertoseewhathadhappened.

Whenheappeared,Iwasonmykneesinspectingsomeofthecartonstoseeifanyof

theeggswerebroken,buttohimitlookedasthoughIwastheculprit.Heseverely

reprimandedmeandwantedmetopayforanybrokeneggs.Iprotestedmyinnocence

andtriedtoexplain,butitdidnogood.EventhoughIquicklyforgotallaboutthe

incident,apparentlythemanagerdidnot.

1.Howoldwastheauthorwhenhewrotethisarticle?

A.about8

B.about18

C.about23

D.about15

2.Whowastoblameforknockingoffthestacksofcartons?

A.Theauthor

B.Themanager

C.Awoman

D.Theauthor'smother

3.Whichofthefollowingstatementsisnottrue?

A.Thewomanwhoknockedoffthestacksofcartonswasseriouslycriticizedbythe

manager

B.Theauthorwasseverelycriticizedbythemanager.

C.Awomancarelesslyknockedoffthestacksofcartons

D.Itwastheauthorwhoputthedisplaybacktogether

4.Whichofthefollowingcanserveasthebesttitleforthepassage?

A.It'sHardertoAdmitOne'sMistake

B.Iwasoncetheculprit

C.Irememberanincident

D.Acaseofmistakenidentity

5.Thetoneofthearticleexpressestheauthor's.

A.admirationforthemanager'swillingnesstoadmitmistakes

B.angertothemanagerforhiswrongaccusation

C.indignationagainstthewomanwhoknockedoffthestacksofcartons

D.regretforthemistakethemadeinthestore

答案:CCADA

PassageEight（含答案）

WhenChristopherColumbuslandedontheunnamedCostaRicain1502,hesaw

manyIndianswearinggoldearrings.Sohethoughtthelandmustberichingold.He

namedtheplaceCostaRica,whichmeans“richcoast"inSpanish.

Thoughlittlegoldwasfound,CostaRicatodayisindeedrichwithcoffeeand

bananas.CoffeeisthemostimportantproductinCostaRicaandmostofitisexported

toothercountrieslikeAmericaandWestGermany.Bananasarethecountry'ssecond

mostimportantexport.

CostaRicansalsogrowmanyothercropssuchasfruits,comandbeansfortheirown

use.CostaRicanslovecolorsandtheirhousesarepaintedinbrightcolors.

EducationisveryimportanttotheCostaRicans.Almosteveryvillagehasaschool

andeducationisamustforchildrenbetweensevenandfourteenyearsofage.Boys

andgirlsgotoseparateschools.ClassesbegininMarchandendinNovember.The

otherthreemonthsoftheyearareharvesttimeandthechildrenhavetohelptheir

parentstopickcoffeebeans.

1.Whafsthemainideaofthefirstparagraph?

A.HowColumbusfoundCostaRica.

B.WhattheCostaRicanswore.

C.HowCostaRicagotitsname.

D.WhatlanguagetheCostaRicansspoke.

2.TheCostaRicansmayNOTpainttheirhouses.

A.greyandblack

B.pinkandred

C.blueandgreen

D.yellowandorange

3.InCostaRica,boysandgirlsbetweensevenandfourteen.

A.canchoosetostopschoolingatanytime

B.studyinthesameschool

C.donothavetogotoschoolatall

D.mustgotoschool

4.FromDecembertoFebruary,schoolchildreninCostaRica.

A.havelessonseveryday

B.helptheirparentspickcoffeebeans

C.havetheirexaminations

D.helptheirparentsdecoratetheirhouses

5.Thispassageismainlyabout.

A.ChristopherColumbus

B.CostaRica

C.someproductsfromCostaRica

D.theeducationofCostaRica

答案：CADAB

PassageNine（含答案）

IntheUnitedStates,itisnotcustomarytotelephonesomeoneveryearlyinthe

morning.Ifyoutelephonehimearlyintheday,whileheisshavingorhaving

breakfast,thetimeofthecallshowsthatthematterisveryimportantandrequires

immediateattention.Thesamemeaningisattachedtotelephonecallsmadeafter

11:00p.m.Ifsomeonereceivesacallduringsleepinghours,heassumesit'samatter

oflifeordeath.Thetimechosenforthecallcommunicatesitsimportance.

Insociallife,timeplaysaveryimportantpart.IntheU.S.A,gueststendtofeelthey

arenothighlyregardediftheinvitationtoadinnerpartyisextendedonlythreeorfour

daysbeforethepartydate.Butitisnottrueinallcountries.Inotherareasoftheworld,

itmaybeconsideredfoolishtomakeanappointmenttoofarinadvancebecauseplans

whicharemadeforadatemorethanaweekawaytendtobeforgotten.Themeaning

oftimediffersindifferentpartsoftheworld.Thus,misunderstandingsarisebetween

peoplefromculturesthattreattimedifferently.Promptnessisvaluedhighlyin

Americanlife.Ifpeoplearenotprompt,theymayberegardedasimpoliteornotfully

responsible.IntheU.S.noonewouldthinkofkeepingabusinessassociatewaiting

foranhour,itwouldbetooimpolite.Apersonwhois5minuteslate,hewillsayafew

wordsofexplanation,thoughperhapshewillnotcompletethesentence.

l."Thesamemeaningisattachedtotelephonecallsmadeafter11:00p.m."Here

"attached"means

A.taken

B.drawn

C.given

D.shown

2.Supposingonewantstomakeatelephonecallatdawn,thiswouldmean.

A.thematterisimportant

B.thematterissomewhatimportant

C.thematterrequiresimmediateattention

D.itisamatteroflifeanddeath

3.Accordingtothispassage,timeplaysanimportantrolein.

A.everydaylife

B.schoollife

C.communications

D.privatelife

4.Thebesttitleforthispassageis.

A.thevoicesoftime

B.theimportanceoftime

C.theimportanceofanannouncement

D.timeandtidewaitfornoman

5.Accordingtothepassage,theauthorofthearticlemayagreetowhichofthe

followingstatements?

A.Itisappropriatetosendyourinvitationcardsthreeorfourdaysbeforeadinner

partydateinU.S.A.

B.Itmaybeappropriatetosendyourinvitationtoyourgueststhreeorfourdays

beforeadinnerpartydateinsomecultures.

C.Itisbestforonetomaketelephonecallsatnightbecauseitcostsmuchless.

D.Ifoneislessthan5minuteslate,hehastomakeashortapology.

答案:CDCAB

PassageTen（含答案）

Liberia,theoldestindependentNegrostateinWestAfrica,hasbeenstrugglingfor

survivaleversinceitsfoundationin1822.Progresshasbeenhamperedbyconstant

hostilitybetweentheAmericanNegroeswhosefamiliesreturnedthereintheearly

19thcentury,andtheWestAfricanswhoseancestorsneverleftthecontinent.Though

thetwogroupsareofthesamerace,theyaredividedbylanguageandoutlookand

regardeachotherwithdeepsuspicioncreatingaconflictwhichwasnotforeseenby

Liberia'sfounders.

Inaddition,neighboringstates,nativetribal,disease,andpovertyhavemadelife

dangerousanddifficult.Thegovernmenthastrieddesperately,throughloansanda

trickleoftrade,tomakeendsmeet.Anxietyaboutfinancialmatterslessened

somewhatwhen,in1910,theUnitedStatesacceptedresponsibilityforLiberia's

survival.However,notuntilHarveyFirestone,theAmericanrubberking,decidedthat

theUnitedStatesmustproduceitsownrubber——withLiberiaasthesiteoftherubber

p