新人教版必修第一册Unit4NaturalDisasters题型组合练课件

UNIT4

NATURALDISASTERSⅠⅡⅢⅣⅠ.阅读理解AShawnTriplettknewtherewasadesperateneedtohelpthechildrenofMayfield,Kentucky,afteradeadlystormstruckthetown.MayfieldwasoneofthetownshardesthitafteralineofstormscrossedthecentralUSonFridaynightandSaturdaymorning.Triplett—aMayfieldresidentandaformersoldier—wasinChicagothatFridaynight.Alarmedbytheweatherreports,hiswifeandtwoyoungchildrenwenttostayinahotelofthenearbytown,Paducah,withoutsufferingthestormsandultimatelyoutofthepathofthetornadoes(龙卷风).ⅠⅡⅢⅣAbletoreturnhomethenextmorning,Triplettwasshockedbyhowthetownwasdestroyedandwantedtohelphoweverhecould.Hearrivedatthevolunteercenter,wherehewasaskedtoguideaphoto-journalistthroughstreetsfilledwithremains.Thatnight,thetworeturnedtoshelterswheretheysawmanysufferedfamiliesincludingonewomancomfortinghersonovertheirlostChristmas.ⅠⅡⅢⅣ“Itwasveryheartbreaking,toomuchformetohandle,”hesaid.Therefore,hedecidedthatmoreneededtobedoneforthechildrenaffectedbythestorm.Noticingthatsuppliesavailablewereessentialssuchasgenerators(发电机)andbottledwater,heturnedtohisfriendsonsocialmediafordonationssothathecouldgotoWalmartandpurchasetoysandgiftsforthekids.Around$2,000wereraised,andthestoregaveTriplettadiscountuponlearningofhisefforts.Aswordspreadonwebsites,moredonationspouredin.Hewasabletoreturnthefollowingdayandanother$6,000wasspentontoysandboardgames,hesaid.FortypairsofshoeswerealsopickedupatalocalShoeSensation.Triplettandothervolunteerswillwrapanddistributethetoysforanychildorfamilyinneed.Hecreditsthekindnessofeveryonewhotriedtohelpandgetfamiliesbackontheirfeetrightbeforetheholidays.ⅠⅡⅢⅣ【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Triplett在暴风雪后组织朋友对当地受灾儿童进行捐赠的故事。ⅠⅡⅢⅣ1.WhywereTriplettandhisfamiliessafefromthedisaster?A.Theywererescuedbysoldiers.B.Theydidn’tcomebacktoMayfield.C.Theywerehelpedbyanaidagency.D.TheyhappenedtobetravellinginChicago.√细节理解题。根据第二段的“Triplett...without

suffering

the

storms

and

ultimately

out

of

the

path

of

the

tornadoes.”可知,作为当地居民的他们却安全的原因是灾难发生之际他们都没有回到受灾区。ⅠⅡⅢⅣ2.WhatdidTriplettseeintheshelters?A.Avolunteercleaningthestreet.B.Aboycryingforhislostfamily.C.Aphoto-journalisttakingpictures.D.Amothercalmingherchilddown.√细节理解题。根据第三段的“That

night,the

two

returned

to

shelters

where

they

saw

many

suffered

families

including

one

woman

comforting

her

son

over

their

lost

Christmas.”可知,当晚Triplett

回到避难所后看到了许多灾民,其中一位母亲正在抚慰因无法庆祝圣诞而伤心的儿子,让他镇静下来。ⅠⅡⅢⅣ3.WhatdoTriplett’sdonationsmainlycontain?A.First-aidkits.B.Emergencyfood.C.Essentialsupplies.D.Entertainmentitems.√细节理解题。根据第四段的“Noticing

that

supplies

available

were

essentials

such

as

generators

and

bottled

water,...purchase

toys

and

gifts

for

the

kids.”以及“He

was

able

to

return

the

following

day

and

another

$6,000

was

spent

on

toys

and

board

games,he

said.”可知,Triplett给灾区儿童们的捐赠物主要是玩具、棋盘游戏等娱乐用品。ⅠⅡⅢⅣ4.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeTriplett?A.Generousandhard-working.B.Braveandenergetic.C.Sympatheticandwarm-hearted.D.Foresightedanddetermined.√推理判断题。根据第三段的“Able

to

return

home

the

next

morning...to

help

however

he

could.”;“That

night...their

lost

Christmas.”以及最后一段的“He

credits...the

holidays.”可知,Triplett看到了避难所的景象并为之动容,从而决定组织捐赠。可以推断出,Triplett是一个富有同情心的且热心肠的人。ⅠⅡⅢⅣBScientistshavelearnedmoreabouttheinnerworkingsoftheEarthbystudyingthewaywavesfromearthquakestravelthroughtheplanet’scenter.

TheresultssuggestthattheEarth’sinnercoremaybestartingtospinmoreslowlythantheEarth.TheEarth’scorehastwoparts:theoutercoreandtheinnercore.Bothofthesearemademainlyofthemetals—ironandnickel.Theoutercoreisliquid.

Buttheinnercoreisasolidballheldinthisliquidalmostliketheyolk(蛋黄)inanegg.ScientistssuspectedforalongtimethattheinnercoremightbespinningslightlydifferentlyfromthewaytheEarthspins.ⅠⅡⅢⅣInthe1990s,twoscientists,PaulRichardsandSongXiaodong,studiedtheinnercorebylookingatthewavesfromearthquakesthattravelthroughthecenteroftheEarth.Theyfocusedongroupsandpairsofwavesfromearthquakesthatnaturallyrepeat.IftheinnercorewasspinningexactlywiththeEarth,eachwaveofthepairshouldhavetakenthesametimetopassthroughtheEarth.Instead,somemovedfasterthanothers.Thiswasbecausetheywerehittingdifferentpartsoftheinnercoreasitspun.TheirstudiesrevealedthattheinnercorewasspinninginthesamedirectionastheEarth,butslightlyfaster.ⅠⅡⅢⅣNowDr.SongandYiYang—anotherscientistwhostudiestheEarth—saythey’veusedthesamemethodtolearnthattheEarth’sinnercoremaybestartingtospinslowerthantheEarth.TheresearchersstudiedearthquakewavepairsfromAlaska,goingallthewaybackto1964.Theynoticedthattheinnercore’sspinalsoseemedtochangespeedintheearly1970s.Thescientistssaythattheinnercoremayhaveapatternofspeedingupandslowingdownevery70yearsorso.Noteveryoneagrees.ManyscientistswhostudytheEarthsaymoreinformationneededtofigureoutwhatisreallygoingon.ⅠⅡⅢⅣ【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。一项研究发现,地球内核的自转速度可能比地球慢,但这一发现并非所有人都认可,仍需要进一步弄清到底发生了什么。ⅠⅡⅢⅣ5.Whyisaneggmentionedinthesecondparagraph?A.ToexplainhowtheEarth’scoremoves.B.Toshowtheimportanceoftheinnercore.C.Toillustratethecompositionoftheoutercore.D.TohelppicturethestructureoftheEarth’score.√推理判断题。根据第二段可知,本段主要介绍的是地球内核的构造,与鸡蛋的构造有相似之处,所以,此处提到鸡蛋是以此来说明地球内核构造。ⅠⅡⅢⅣ6.Whatdidthescientistsdiscoverabouttheinnercoreinthe1990s?A.Itsentoutearthquakewaves.B.Itchangedspeedrepeatedly.C.ItmovedexactlywiththeEarth.D.ItmovedalittlefasterthantheEarth.√细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中的“In

the

1990s,two

scientists,Paul

Richards

and

Song

Xiaodong,studied

the

inner

core

by

looking

at

the

waves

from

earthquakes

that

travel

through

the

center

of

the

Earth.”和“Their

studies

revealed

that

the

inner

core

was

spinning

in

the

same

direction

as

the

Earth,but

slightly

faster.”可知,20世纪90年代对地球内核的研究发现,地球内核的旋转方向与地球相同,但速度略快。ⅠⅡⅢⅣ7.Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutthestudyresult?A.Itisaccurateandreliable.B.Itexcitesthescientists.C.Itneedsfurtherconfirmation.D.Ithascausedaheateddiscussion.√推理判断题。根据最后一段可知,研究结果并非所有人都认可,仍需要进一步弄清到底发生了什么,由此可知,这项研究需要进一步证实。ⅠⅡⅢⅣ8.Whatisthetext?A.Asciencereport.B.Asci-fistory.C.Adiaryentry.D.Abrochure.√推理判断题。根据首段可知,本文讲述的是科学研究发现,地球内核可能比地球旋转得更慢,下文对此研究进行分析,由此可知,本文是一篇科学研究报告。ⅠⅡⅢⅣⅡ.七选五(2024九省适应性测试)Common

Mistakes

New

Runners

MakeRunningisagreatwaytogetinshapeandjustabouteveryonecandoit.However,manymakeanumberofcommonmistakes,whichcaninterfere(妨碍)withtrainingorleadtoinjury.

1

,keepthesethingsinmindtohelpyouincreaseyourchancesofrunningsuccess.

·DoingtoomuchtoosoonOneofthebiggestmistakesnewrunnersmakeisdoingtoomuchtoosoon.Slowlyeasingintoatrainingprogramwillhelpreducetheriskofinjury,soyoucancontinueonwithyournewrunningroutine.

2

.

ⅠⅡⅢⅣ·

3

Beginnersmightthinktheyneedtoruneveryday(ornearlyeveryday)tomeettheirfitnessorweight-lossgoals,butthiscouldn’tbefurtherfromthetruth.Runningisahigh-impactactivitywhichcanbereallyhardonyourbody.Soit’simportanttogiveyourbodyarestbetweenworkouts.ⅠⅡⅢⅣ·Notwearingtherightequipment

4

,it’simportantthatyouwearproperlyforyourworkouts.Themostimportantpieceofequipmentforrunningisagoodpairofrunningshoes,sobesuretodosomeresearchbeforeyoupurchaseapair.Visitarunningspecialtystoreandaskanemployeetofityouforashoe.

•Runningthroughpain

5

.Ifsomethinghurtswhenyourun,youneedtostopandtreatthepain.Remember:Itdoesn’tmakeyoulessofarunnerifyoulistentoyourbodytokeepithealthy.

ⅠⅡⅢⅣA.NottakingrestdaysB.Ifyou’rejuststartingoutC.ComparingyourselftoothersD.RunningcanbeuncomfortableattimesE.It’simportantnottousethesamemusclesF.Whileitmaybetruethatyoudon’tneedexpensiveequipmenttotakeuprunningG.Expertssuggestincreasingyourrunningdistancebynomorethan10%eachweekⅠⅡⅢⅣ【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了新手跑步者常犯的错误。1.B

上文“Running

is

a

great

way

to

get

in

shape

and

just

about

everyone

can

do

it.However,many

make

a

number

of

common

mistakes,which

can

interfere

with

training

or

lead

to

injury.”指出跑步时有些人会犯一些常见的错误,这些错误可能会干扰训练或导致受伤,下文“keep

these

things

in

mind

to

help

you

increase

your

chances

of

running

success.”可知,空处是状语从句,B项“如果你刚刚开始”符合。故选B项。ⅠⅡⅢⅣ2.G

上文“One

of

the

biggest

mistakes

new

runners

make

is

doing

too

much

too

soon.Slowly

easing

into

a

training

program

will

help

reduce

the

risk

of

injury,so

you

can

continue

on

with

your

new

running

routine.”指出刚开始跑步的人会跑得太快,所以要慢慢进入训练,不要跑太多太快,G项“专家建议每周增加跑步距离不超过10%”符合,指出不要跑太多。故选G项。3.A

此处是本段小标题,即新手跑步者常犯的错误之一,由本段内容可知,新手跑步者不休息,A项“没有休息日”符合。故选A项。ⅠⅡⅢⅣ4.F

根据本段标题“Not

wearing

the

right

equipment”可知,本段主要介绍了新手跑步者常犯的错误之一是没有佩戴合适的装备,下文“it’s

important

that

you

wear

properly

for

your

workouts”强调跑步时正确穿着很重要,空处也应与“佩戴合适的装备”有关,F项“虽然你可能确实不需要昂贵的设备来开始跑步”符合,其中“equipment”呼应本段标题中的“the

right

equipment”。故选F项。5.D

下文“If

something

hurts

when

you

run,you

need

to

stop

and

treat

the

pain.”指出跑步时如果感到疼痛,应该停下来,这说明有时候跑步会让人感到疼痛,D项“跑步有时会感到不舒服”符合。故选D项。ⅠⅡⅢⅣⅢ.语法填空HerbalmedicineisanimportantpartofChinesecultureandthepracticeoftraditionalChinesemedicine.TheemperorShenNongissaidtohavetasted100herbs,1.

allowedhimtoteachtheChinesepeoplehowtousethemintheirdietand2.

(treat)forillness.Theseherbshelpthebodytostayinbalanceandgojiberriesareoneof3.

(they).whichtreatment/treatmentsthemⅠⅡⅢⅣSince200BCE,gojiberries4.

(use)intraditionalChinesemedicine.InChina,gojiberriesareknown5.

“wolfberryfruits”,andtheywereoncementionedinthe6.

(old)bookofChineseherbsinexistence,Shen

Nong

Ben

Cao

Jing.Theyarealsoknowntoact7.

(positive)ontheorgansbecauseofthedetoxifying(解毒)properties,thus8.

(contribute)toourqiandenergy.

Gojiberriesare9.

excellentsourceofantioxidants(抗氧化剂),aminoacidsand20othertraceminerals.Thelistofgojiberrybenefitsislong,includingitsabilitytopromotehealthyskin,protecteyehealth,adjustbloodsugarlevelsandfightcancer.

have

been

usedasoldestpositivelycontributinganⅠⅡⅢⅣInChina,gojiberriesarecommonlycookedandaddedtorecipeslikeporridge,soupsanddishes10.

(make)withchicken,porkorvegetables.Theyarealsousedtomakevariouskindsoftea,juicesandwines.madeⅠⅡⅢⅣ【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国传统草药中的枸杞。1.which

考查定语从句。此处是非限制性定语从句,先行词是前面整句话的内容,关系词在定语从句中作主语,应用关系代词which引导。故填which。2.treatment/treatments

考查词性转换。句意:据说神农皇帝尝过100种草药,这使他能够教中国人如何在饮食和治疗疾病中使用它们。and连接两个并列的名词,可以用单数名词或复数名词。故填treatment或treatments。3.them

考查代词。句意:这些草药有助于身体保持平衡,枸杞就是其中之一。介词后用宾语,故填them。ⅠⅡⅢⅣ4.have

been

used

考查动词的语态。根据Since

200

BCE可知,此处需用现在完成时,主语goji

berries和use是被动关系,应用现在完成时的被动语态,主语是复数,助动词使用have。故填have

been

used。5.as

考查介词。句意:在中国,枸杞被称为“枸杞子”,在现存的中草药(旧)书《神农本草经》中曾提到过枸杞子。be

known

as“以……为人所知”。故填as。6.oldest

考查形容词最高级。定冠词加形容词的最高级。故填oldest。7.positively

考查词性转换。句意:由于排毒的特性,它们也被认为对器官有积极的作用,从而对我们的气和能量有贡献。此处修饰动词短语act

on,应用副词作状语,故填positively。ⅠⅡⅢⅣ8.contributing

考查非谓语动词。此处现在分词作结果状语,表示主动。故填contributing。9.an

考查冠词。句意:枸杞是抗氧化剂、氨基酸和其他20种微量矿物质的极好来源。枸杞是一种(an)很好的抗氧化成分来源,名词前用冠词,excellent是以元音音素开头的单词,前面用an。故填an。10.made

考查非谓语动词。句中谓语是are

cooked

and

added,此处made

with

chicken用作定语,修饰前面的recipes

like

porridge,sou