2022北京西城区高三二模英语试题及答案

西城区高三模拟测试试卷英语2022.5本试卷共15页，共100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必在答题卡指定区域作答，在试卷上作答无效。第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Iwokeuponemorningwithsixhungrykidsandjust75centsinpocket.Theirfatherwasgone.Hehadneverbeenmuchmorethanapresence1.Nowthathehaddecidedtoleave,therewouldbenobeatings,nofood2Iwashedthekidsandthenold51Chevyanddroveofftofindajob.ItriedtowhoeverwouldlistenthatIwas3theminto4willingtolearnanything.Ihadtohaveajob.ThelastplacewewenttowastheBigWheeltruckstop.Theyneededsomeonefrom11pmto7Theypaid$0.65anhourandIcouldstartimmediately.Icalledthebabysitterand5withcametoananight.SoeverymorningIgaveher$1ofmytipmoney—6everynight!halfofIaveragedweekswentthetiresonChevybegantoleak.Onemiserablemorning,myselftothecarandfoundfourtiresinthebackseat.Newtires!Hadangels天使)takenupresidenceinIndiana?I8.I7Iwasnowworkingsixnightsinsteadoffiveanditstillwasn’tenough.Christmaswascomingandtherewasnomoneyfortoys.Clotheswereaworrytoo.OnChristmasEvetheusualcustomersweredrinkingcoffeeintheBigWheel.Therewerethetruckers,Les,Frank,andJim.These9allsataroundandtalked.Whenitwastimefortogohome,IfoundseveralinChevyfilledwithlittlejeans,toysandanenormousturkey.Icouldnotbelieveeyes!西城区高三模拟测试试卷英语2022.5第1页（共15页）Iwascryingwithgratitude.AndIwillneverthejoyonthefacesoflittleonesthat10morning.therewereangelsinIndianathatlong-agoDecembermorning.AndtheyallhungoutattheBigWheeltruckstop.1.A.ignored2.A.soB.appreciatedB.butC.fearedD.recognizedD.orC.becauseC.invitedC.consultC.agreed3.A.loaded4.A.question5.A.argued6.A.onlyB.movedD.handedconvinceD.plannedclearlyB.teachB.bargainedB.definitelyB.rolledC.fully7.A.dragged8.A.prayed9.A.visitorsC.directedC.announcedC.neighborsC.preciouscarriedB.concludedB.regularswonderedD.strangersD.educational10.A.comfortableB.satisfying第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。AHumansliketolivenearriversandtheyoftenfindcrossthem.Thesimplestwayacrossariveristoit.Fordingistofind12riverisshallowandcrossitsafelywithoutusingaboat.Itmeans13(pretend)needingtothe西城区高三模拟测试试卷英语2022.5第2页（共15页）theriverisnotthere,continuingtowalk,andhopingforthebest.Butsometimesevenwateratshallowareascanbesurprisinglydangerous,14becauseit’snotalwayseasytotellhowfastthewaterismoving.Itonlytakesankle-deepwatertosweepapersontheirfeet.BSincelastmonth,morethanhalfofAmerica’sschooldistricts15(report)“severe”or“desperate”schoolbusdrivershortages.likethismakesthemthankfulforpeoplelikeMichaelMason.Drivingaschoolbusisn’tMichaelMason’sfirstjob;heusedtoworkforthegovernment.Butunlikemanyretirees,Masonisnotsittingandrelaxing.16(lend)ahelpinghand,hestartedanewjob—abusMasonhopestoinspireothersintheHesays,“Ibelieveifallofusgivealittlesomething,we17(make)adifferenceintheworld.”COnceuponatime,lighthouses,builttohelpguideshipsawayfromdangerousrocksandreefs,18(locate)inwild,remoteareas.Theywereconsidered19(lonely)placesintheworldtoliveandwork.withautomaticlightingthatcanguideshipsatsea,thelighthouseisathingofthepast.Still,manylighthousesthroughouttheworldhavebeenpreserved20museumsorimportantbuildings.Somehaveevenbeenturnedintorestaurantsorhotels.Theyareplacesforpeopletovisitandtogobackintime.西城区高三模拟测试试卷英语2022.5第3页（共15页）第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分）第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。GRANDPARENTSWILLLOVETHESEGADGETSGrandparentsdeservethefinerthingsinlife.Nowit’stimetorewardyourlovedoneswithsomegreatgifts.helpfamilyshoppersout,we’veputtogetheralistofgadgetsthatwon’tbreakthebank.Thesegiftsforgrandparentseverythingenjoyable.Moneycan’tbuyhappiness,butsometimesitcanhelppromoteyourconnection.001//FORGRANDPARENTSWHOLOVETOREADAll-newKindlePaperwhiteaworthwhileupgradeforgrandparentswholikereadinge-books.Thisversionfeaturesa6.8-inchdisplayandadjustablewarmlight.Grandparentswillhavenotroubleoperatingit.Thenewoneprovides32GB—plentyofspaceforfavoritebooktitles.Price:32GB—$190(anadditional$20forthead-freeversion)002//FORGRANDPARENTSWHOAREFARAWAYBeingapartfromchildrenandgrandchildrenisdifficult,butFriendshipLampscanensuregrandparentsareneveroutofevenifthey’reoutofsight.EachfamilymemberconnectstheFriendshipLamptoIttakeslittletosetupanduse.Keepone,givetheothertograndparents,andwhenevertouchyourlamp,theirswilllighttoo.ucancustomizetheselampswithover200coloroptions.Price:$105discountifyoubuyFilimin’swebsite)003//FORGRANDPARENTSWHOENJOYCONVENIENCENothingbeatsawarmcupofonafreezingwintermorning,andtheEmberControlSmartMugkeepsdrinkstheperfecttemperaturenomatterhowlongtakesgrandmaorgrandpaenjoytheirortea.Ithardlyrequiresanycomplexstepstouse.Thetemperaturecanbecontrolledviasmartphoneapp.PurchaseitourphysicalstoresPrice:$99.95($180fortwo)004//FORGRANDPARENTSWHOLOSETHINGSNothingisfrustratingthanbeingreadytogosomewhereimportantandbeingunabletofindthecarkeys.Eskylostkeysathingofthepast.Fourreceiverscanbeattachedgrandparents’treasureditems.Byjustpressingthecolor-codedbuttonthegrandparentscanbeledtolostitemsbyabeepingsound.ucanorderitonAmazon.Price:$24.99($20inMay)西城区高三模拟测试试卷英语2022.5第4页（共15页）21.informationcanwegetfromtheadvertisement?A.TheEmberMugcankeepdrinkswarmforalimitedtime.B.ItisimpossibletoskipadvertisementswhileusingKindlePaperwhite.C.UsersknowtheirfamilyarethinkingofthemwhentheFriendshipLampison.D.ClickingabuttonontheEskyreceiverenablesuserstofindthingsthey’velost.22.featuredothefourproductshaveincommon?A.OnlineC.Specialdiscount.B.Easyoperation.D.Smartphonecontrol.23.isthisadvertisementintendedfor?A.Familymemberswantingtobuygiftsfortheirelders.B.Salespeoplestudyinggrandparents’preferences.C.Companiessellingproductstoelderlypeople.D.GrandparentsfavoringadvancedBMynameisStellaIgrewupinaverysmallcountrytowninIhadaverynormal,low-keykindofupbringing.Iwenttoschool;Ihungoutwithfriends;Ifoughtwithyoungersisters.Itwasallverynormal.AndwhenIwas15,amemberoflocalcommunityapproachedparentsandwantedtosubmitmynameforacommunityachievementaward.Myparentssaid,“Hmm,that’sreallynice,butthere’skindofoneobviousproblemwiththat.Shehasn’tactuallyachievedanything.”Andtheywereright.knowIwenttoschool,Igotgoodmarks,andIhadaverylow-keyafter-schooljobinhairdressingIwassecondteachingroundinaMelbournehighschool,andIwasabout20minutesintoaLegalStudiesclasswhenaboyputuphishandandsaid,“HeyMiss,whenareyougoingtostartyourspeech?”西城区高三模拟测试试卷英语2022.5第5页（共15页）AndIsaid,“Whatspeech?”Andhesaid,like,yourmotivationalspeaking.whenpeopleinwheelchairstoschool,theyusuallylike,inspirationalIt’susuallyinthebighall.”AndthatwasthemomentIrealizedthatthiskidhadonlyexperienceddisabledpeopleasobjectsofinspiration.Forlotsofus,disabledpeoplearenotourteachersordoctors.notrealpeople.aretheretoinspire.we’vebeensoldtheliethatdisabilityisabadthing,andtolivewithadisabilitymakesyouexceptional.It’snotabadthing,anditdoesn’tmakeexceptional.Andinthepastfewyears,we’vebeenabletospreadthislieevenfurtherthroughsocialmedia.Lifeasadisabledpersonisactuallysomewhatdifficult.doovercomesomethings.Buttheyhavenothingtodowithourbodies.Iusetheterm“disabledpeople”becauseIsubscribetowhat’scalledthesocialmodelofThismodeltellsusthatwearedisabledbythesocietythatweliveinthanbyourbodiesandourdiagnoses(诊断).Iwanttoliveinaworldwheredon’thavesuchlowexpectationsofdisabledpeoplethatwearecongratulatedforgettingoutofbedandrememberingournamesinthemorning.Iwanttoliveinaworldwherewevaluedisabledpeople’srealachievement.AndIwanttoliveinaworldwhereakidinaMelbournehighschoolisnotonebitsurprisedthathisnewteacherisawheelchair24.canwelearnfromStellainthefirstparagraph?A.Shecouldn’tgetalongwellwithherfriendsandsisters.B.Sheplayedakeyroleathermum’shairdressingsalon.C.Shereceivedanawardforagreatachievement.D.Shelivedanordinarylifeinacountrytown.西城区高三模拟测试试卷英语2022.5第6页（共15页）25.canweinferfromthedialoguebetweenStellaandtheboy?A.Theboydidn’thavemuchlifeexperience.B.Peoplehavefixedideasaboutthedisabled.C.Thedisabledcan’tfinddecentjobsbecausetheyareincapable.D.Stellafeltuncomfortablebecauseoftheboy’simpoliteness.26.Accordingtothepassage,Stellaagreethat________.A.socialmediathepublicbyspreadingliesaboutthedisabledB.thedisabledarelesslikelytobesuccessfulintheircareersC.society’sattitudemakesdisabledpeople’slifepeople’sexpectationsofthedisabledaretoohigh27.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?A.OnthejourneytobecomingexceptionalB.ThesecretbehinddisabilityC.ShowsympathytothedisabledD.I’mnotyourinspirationCMusicisapowerfulthing.ItawakensfeelingsandhasthepowertobringpeopleButartistsarenotknownfortheirmusic,butforhowflashytheirclothingisandhowmanytimestheirwealthyrelativescangetthemoutofjail).Andthus,theirmusicislost.Popandrapmusichasdevelopedintoaimage-addictedindustrythatlinesupwithwhatthepublicwantstohearandsee,removingthefocusontheactualmusic.Mainstreammusicisnolongercomposedofemotion,butinstead,themesofmoneyandfame.Photosandrumorsflywhilethemusicisignored.Notallmusicalgroupsorindividualartistsbeginlikethis.Manyoftheseartists西城区高三模拟测试试卷英语2022.5第7页（共15页）areoriginalandtalented,butturntothemoneyside.Oftentheirsongsarewrittenbyexpertswhoknowwhatisappealingtoacertainagegroup,andthemusicians’facescanbeseenoncountlessmagazinecovers.Soontheirsupposedlynewandimprovedsongscanbeheardblastingoutofcarwindows.Butthesesongsaretotallyempty,lackingcreativityandtheoriginalthirstoftheartisttomakeanimpactorconvey(传递)amessage.MTVisnothelping.ItplaysonlywhatthepublicwantstoAndinbleeped-outrap.Kidsandteenseverywhereareswimminginthesesongs,whichareoftendegradingtowomenandminorities,andinappropriate.AlmostallthegirlsindormareaddictedtothesameThiswasthecasethepreviousandtheyearbeforethat.WheneverItrytoplaymusicIorintroducethemtosomedecentsongs,theysaythateveryoneexceptlikestheirmusic.Whydomostteenagersonlylistentopopandrapmusicwhensoothertypesexist?Maybeit’sbecauseeverywherewelook,wearewiththemusic:ontheradio,onontheAtschool,popandraparediscussedallthetime.Perhapstheyhaveneverlistenedtoanythingelse.peerpressureispartofit.Thereisnosolutiontothe“popproblem”.It’scalledpopularareason—manypeopleenjoyit.There’snoeasywaytochangetheirviews.MysuggestionisnottobuymusiclikethiswhenyoucanexploresomethingExpandyourhorizons.Digupyourparents’oldrecordsandCDs.neverknowwhatyoumightfind.28.Theauthorprobablyprefers________.A.newpopsongsmeantforgirlsB.originalsongswithdeepmeaningC.catchysongsproducedbypopularsingersD.never-heard-beforesongsjustrecentlydiscovered西城区高三模拟测试试卷英语2022.5第8页（共15页）29.canwelearnfromthepassage?A.Manyartiststradecreativityforwealthandfame.B.Thepublicisresponsiblefortheexistenceofmusic.C.MTVpromotesthesongsfavoredbywomenandminorities.D.Musicianssingingaboutmoneyisanineffectivewaytoattractfans.30.ismostprobablytheauthor’ssuggestionforyoungpeople?A.torespectyourpeers’musictastes.B.Dealwiththe“popproblem”C.Exposeyourselftovariousmusicstyles.D.themusicfrompreviousgenerations.DNASAwillcrashaspacecraftintoasteroid小行星)totrytochangeitsorbit,attemptingtopreventhumansgoingthesamewayasthedinosaurs.Earthisconstantlybeingdisturbedbysmallpiecesofdebris(碎片),buttheyusuallyburnuporbreakuplongbeforetheyhittheground.Onceinawhile,somethingenoughtodosignificantdamagemakesimpact.About66millionyearsago,onesuchcrashisthoughttohavewipedoutthedinosaurs.somethingsimilarcouldendhumanbeings—unlesswecanfindawaytotackleit.NASA’sDoubleAsteroidRedirection(Dart)missionisthefirstattempttotestifsuchasteroidredirectionisarealisticstrategy:investigatingwhetheraspacecraftcanautonomouslyreachaasteroidandintentionallycrashintoit,aswellasmeasuringtheamountofredirection.“Ifitworks,itwouldbeabigdeal,becauseit西城区高三模拟测试试卷英语2022.5第9页（共15页）wouldprovethatwehavethetechnicalcapabilityofprotectingourselves,”saidJaythedirectoroftheNationalNearEarthObjectInformationThe610kgDartspacecraftisscheduledtobelaunchedatthetarget—theDidymossystem—aharmlesspairofasteroidsconsistingofa163-metre“moonlet”asteroidcalledDimorphosthatorbitsa780-metreasteroidcalledDidymos(Greekfor“twin”).TheplanistocrashthespacecraftintoDimorphoswhentheasteroidsystemisatitsclosesttoEarth—about6.8millionmilesAbout10daysbeforeimpact,aminiaturizedsatellitecalledLiciaCubewillseparatethespacecraft,enablingimagesoftheimpacttoberelayedbacktoEarth.Combinedwithobservationsfromground-basedtelescopes,andanonboardcamerathatwillrecordthefinalmomentsbeforethecrash,recordingswillenablescientiststocalculatethedegreetowhichtheimpacthaschangedDimorphos’sorbit.Theexpectationisthatitwillchangethespeedofthesmallerasteroidbyapproximately1%andreduceitsorbitaroundtheasteroid.Then,inNovember2024,theEuropeanSpaceAgency’sHeraspacecraftwillvisittheDidymossystemandconductafurtherclose-upanalysisoftheconsequencesofthissnooker(斯诺克)game,recordingdetailssuchastheprecisemakeupandinternalstructureofDimorphos,andthesizeandshapeoftheholeleftbyDart.Suchdetailsarevitalfortransformingasteroidredirectionintoarepeatabletechnique.Eventhen,itisimpossiblethatanysingleredirectionstrategywouldbeenough.“Theproblemisthatnotwoasteroidsorcometsarealike,andhowyouredirectdependsonahugenumberofvariables.Thereisnosilverbulletinthisgame.Whatyouneedisawholefolderofredirectionmethodsfordifferenttypesoftargets,”saidSo,whilethisbeonesmallsteptowardsplanetaryprotection,arelikelytobenecessarytoavoiddestruction.西城区高三模拟测试试卷英语2022.5第10页（共15页）31.isthepurposeofParagraph2?A.examinetheimpactofdinosaurs’extinction.B.explainthenecessityoflaunchingaspacecraft.C.showthedamagecausedbysmallpiecesofdebris.D.highlightthecrisisthreateninghumanbeingsatpresent.32.Whichofthefollowingpicturesillustratesthemission?idymosDimorphosDidymosDimorphosDartspacecraftDartspacecrB.A.DidymosDimorphosDidymosDimorphosDartspacecraftDartspacecraftC.D.33.isthefunctionofLiciaCube?A.SendingimpactdatabacktoEarth.B.CalculatingthelengthofDimorphos’sorbit.C.Helpingthesatelliteseparatefromthespacecraft.D.Recordingthescientists’ground-basedobservations.西城区高三模拟测试试卷英语2022.5第页（共15页）34.doestheunderlinedsentence“Thereisnosilverbulletinthisgame”mean?A.Thereisnochallengetoobigtoovercome.B.ThereisnopossibilitysatisfyNASA’sneeds.C.Thereisnosinglesolutiontothecomplexproblem.D.Thereisnostrategytohelpanobviousdecision.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。Usuallywhensomeoneisdisgustedbysomething,hefeelsitisunpleasantandstaysawayfromit,sodisgustmostlyprotectspeoplefromgettingsick.gettingalittledirtycanhaveitsadvantages.Studiesshowthatkidsunderageonewhophysicallyinteractwithadogwillhavea13%reductioninthelikelihoodofdevelopingasthma,abreathingproblem.Inthelate1860s,CharlesDarwinproposedthatbeingdisgustedcouldhaveadevelopmentalpurpose.35guessedthattheearlymostlikelytofeeldisgustedsurvivedtopassontheirgenes(基因),whilethenutritionallydaringdied36Itwasn’tuntiltheearly1990s,atimewhengameshowseagerlyslimedcontestants,thatdisgustgotmoreattentioninpsychologicalandbehavioralresearch.Sincethen,scientistshaveidentifiedtypesdisgustandhaveexploredhowtheythewaywebehave.TheresearchshowsthatDarwinwasbasicallyright:disgustisamajorpartthebehavioralimmunesystemthatprotectspeoplefromdisease,acollectionofactionsinfluencedbeingslimedbyofthenaturalreactionsthatkeepourbodiessuperiorcondition.alreadyknowthatnotallgerms病菌)arebadforus.37Sciencealsotellsusthatgettingabitdirtyhelpspeoplemorereadilyfightdisease.“Disgustisassociatedwithfewerinfections,soitisahelpfulemotionindisease-relevantcontexts,”saysJoshuaAckerman,anassociateprofessorofpsychologyatthe西城区高三模拟测试试卷英语2022.5第12页（共15页）UniversityMichigan.hesaysitcanbeadouble-edgedsword.Andofthosethingscouldactuallyimproveourhealth.3839Disgustispartofsociety’sbalance.little,andwemightgetsick.ofitcanharmourhealth.Figuringoutthiscomplexproblemcouldhelpresearchersunderstandavarietyofhumanbehaviors.A.Theyworkwithourbodytomaintainabalance.B.Theywerequitecertainthatbeingdisgustedcouldbenefitpeople.C.Nobodyisquitesurewhetherdisgustisapositiveornegativething.D.Formanyyearsafterward,though,scientistsdidn’tpaymuchattentiontodisgust.E.hemeansisthatit’salsoassociatedwithdislikeforunfamiliarthings,likefood.Disgustbecameadvancedtopreventourancestorsfromeatingspoiledfoodthatmightkillthem.G.Researchersacrossfieldscontinuetoexploredisgustsowecanbetterunderstandourworldandourselves.第三部分：书面表达（共两节，32分）题各2题3题5共12Anewstudyasksthequestion:conversationsendwhenpeoplewantthemto?Theanswerisno.Thestudyincludedtwoparts.Thefirstpartwasanonlinesurveythatasked806peoplewhethertherewasamomentrecentlytheyhadwantedendaconversationwithaclosefriendandtoestimatewhenthatwasinrelationtowhenthetalkreacheditsconclusion.Thesecondpartinvolved252peoplepairedupwithstrangersinalabtochataboutwhatevertheyfeltlikeforanywherebetweenoneand45minutes.67percentoftherespondentsinthefirstpartofthestudysaidtheywantedtheconversationtoendbeforeitactuallydid,andmosthadsecretlywish