专题14动物保护-备战2022年中考英语阅读理解热点话题特训

14动物保护Passage1Animalsarepartoftheearth.Butmanyofthemareindanger.Whatshouldwedotohelpsavethem?Infact,it’snotasdifficultaswethink.Beavegan.Goingveganmeansthatyoudon’teat,wearoruseanythingthatcomesfromananimal.Justbygoingvegan,you’llsavethelivesofmorethan100animalseveryyear.Isthatgreat?Sodoitnow!Don’twatchanimalsforfun.Animalslivefortheirownreasons(原因),nottobringusfun.Lotsofanimalsareagainsttheirnaturallivingplaces.Andpeoplewillneverallowthemtoplaywiththeirfamilyordoanythingtheywanttodointhewild.Tostopthese,nevergotoazoo,movieorcircusthatusesanimals.Volunteer(志愿)atyourlocalanimalreserve(自然保护区).Theanimalreserveisalwaysagreathelptoanimals.Whetheryouwalkdogs,cleantheirhousesorputupnoticesofsavinganimals,youarehelpingthem.Callyourlocalreserveandaskifitneedsanyhelp.Youcanmakeabigdifferenceinthelifeofsomeanimals!Tellyourfriend.Sharewithyourfriendswhyyouwanttohelpanimalsandaskthemtojoinyou.Themorehelpwithanimalsthereis,thebettertheyget!1．Howmanywaystohelpanimalsarethereinthepassage?A．Three. B．Four. C．Five. D．Six.2．Theunderlinedword“vegan”maymean“________”inChinese.A．动物学家 B．驯兽师 C．动物管理员 D．素食主义者3．WhichisNOTmentionedaboutvolunteeringinalocalanimalreserve?A．Putupnoticesofsavinganimals. B．Cleantheirhouses.C．Feedanimals. D．Walkdogs.4．Whatcanwedotohelpsaveanimals?A．Weshouldneveruseanythingthatcomesfromanimals.B．Wemaybuyananimalforourfriend.C．Weshouldplaywithanimalsmore.D．Weshouldgotothezoooften.5．What’sthebesttitleforthepassage?A．Watchanimalsincircus. B．Howtolookafteranimals.C．Howtosaveanimals. D．Howtoplaywithanimals.Passage2Thetigeristhelargestwildcat-likeanimalintheworld.Sometigersliveincoldplaces一inIndiaandpartsofSoutheastAsia.Abigtigerisabout200kg,aboutthesameaseightten-year-oldkids.Amothertigergivesbirthtothreeorfourbabytigers,andshewilllookafterthemuntiltheyare1.5yearsold.Theyusuallylookforfoodalone,becausetheydon’tlikeworkingwithothers.Theycancatchanimalslikesheep.Tigerswaituntildarktowork.Tigerscaneatabout27kgofmeatinonenight,butmoreoftentheyeatabout5kgforameal.Itmaytakedaysforatigertofinisheatingitskill(猎物).Whenthetigerfeelsfull,itstopseatingandcoversthekillwithleaves(树叶).Whenitgetshungry,itwillcomebacktoeatagain.Tigerslivefarawayfromeachother.Whentheysmellthetreesaroundthem,theyknowit’sanothertiger’sland.Unlikemostmembersofthecatfamily,tigersseemtoenjoywaterandtheyswimwell.6．Abigtigerisasheavyas_________ten-year-oldchildren.A．3 B．5 C．8 D．277．Whentigerslookforfood,theydon’tliketo_________.A．workwithothers B．waituntildark C．bealone D．fightwithothers8．Themeaningoftheunderlinedword“cover”probablyis_________.A．杀戮 B．保护 C．捕获 D．掩盖9．Fromthepassage,wecanknowthattigers_________.A．knowtheirlandsclearly B．liveinwarmplacesinAsiaC．livetogetherunderthetrees D．catchanimalsduringthedayPassage3Trip1FourDaysInTheMountainsBringyourstrongshoesandwarmclothesforthiswalkinGreenMountains.Youmaygohikingorclimbing.It’salsoaprotectionarea(保护区)forwildanimals.Time:July11—July14Tel:84639818Adult:$110Child:$55Trip2ThreeDaysInTheCountry(乡村)Therearemanybeautifulgardens.TakeyourcameraandenjoythewonderfulsightsinHunterValley.Itisagoodplaceforfishingandhorseriding.Youcanalsofinddifferentkindsofflowershere.Thisisalsoagreatwalkforbirdlovers.Time:July20—July22Tel:83986432Adult:$50Child:$25Trip3FiveDaysByTheSeaWearyoursunhatandenjoywonderfulsunshinefrommorningtoevening.Ourhotelisnexttothesea.Wehaveourownboats,too.Youcanswimintheseaorintheswimmingpool.Everydayourboatwilltakeyoutodifferentplacesforswimming.Time:July13—July17Tel:83549679Adult:$80Child:$4010．Ifyouwanttogotothemountains,youcancall________.A．83549679 B．83875629 C．84639818 D．8398643211．SamwenttoHunterValleywithhiswifeand5-year-oldson.Heshouldpay________.A．$25 B．$50 C．$100 D．$12512．Wecanseethesepassagesina________.A．storybook B．newspaper C．picturebook D．comicbookPassage4Thereareabout3,000dolphins（海豚）livinginoceanparksaroundtheworld.Peoplelovewatchingthem.Butdotheymisstheirhome?Thedolphininthispicturemightbeabletohelpthemgobacktotheocean.EdgeInnovations,aUScompany,builtalife-likedolphinrobot.Itactsandsoundslikearealdolphin.Itcanswimforatmost10hourswithenoughelectricity,ABCNewsreported.Thecompanyisnowbringingthesedolphinrobotstopeople.Ithopesthesedolphinrobotswilltaketheplaceofrealdolphinsinoceanparks,accordingtoDailyMail.Infact,peoplewhowanttoprotect（保护）animalsareworriedabouttheresultsofkeepingwildanimalsinparks.Theanimalshavetoperform（表演）forvisitorsmanytimesaday,aswellaslearningsomelessons.Peoplearoundtheworldaredoingmoretoprotectwildanimals.Parksandcircusesin20countriescannothavewildanimalshowsanymore,Reutersreported.Forexample,oceanparksinFrancewon’thavedolphinshowsinthefuture.Animalrightsgroupssaythisis“agreatsuccess,”theBBCreported.13．Thedolphinrobotinthepicturecan________.A．bringrealdolphinshome B．actlikerealdolphinsC．swimforatleast10hours D．workwithrealdolphins14．Animalloversfeel________whenseeinganimalsperformforvisitors.A．surprised B．normal C．sad D．boring15．Therewon’tbedolphinshowsintheoceanparksinFrancebecause________A．therearefewdolphinsinparksB．ithelpsprotectdolphinsC．peopledon’twanttowatchthemD．peoplelikeroboticdolphinsbetterPassage5Theoceanishometotensofthousandsoffish.Youcanseefishswimmingfreelyinthewater.Butyoumaynotknowthatfishcannotexploreeverypartoftheocean.Recentstudieshavefoundthatthedeepestdepthafishcanswimis8,200meters.Thisisaboutthreequartersofthedepthofthedeepestpartoftheocean.Thisisbecauseofachemical（化学物质）infishes’cellsthatiscalledtrimethylaminen-oxide（TMAO）.Forexample,ifyoutakeaping-pongball10metersunderwater,thepressureturnsitintoatinypieceofplastic.Mostthingsbreakdownafteracertaindepthunderwaterbecauseofthehighpressure.TMAOwarnsfishofthisdangeratabout8,200meters.Iffishswimdeeper,theTMAOchemicalstopsworkingandstartstodamagethefishes’braincells.Althoughthereislifeatthebottomofthesea,mostfishlivewithinthetop1,000metersoftheocean.Evensharks,whichareoftendescribedasthe“kingsoftheocean”haveneverswumdeeperthan4,000meters,notevenhalfthedepthoftheocean.Deeperdownintheocean,themostdangerousanimalsarethedeep-seafish.Theanglerfishisonesuchfish.Itlivesabout2,000metersdeepintheocean.Thereisnosunlightatthisdepth.Butanglerfishcanproducelightthemselves.Theyusethislighttofindfood.Beloweventhesefishisthecusk-eel.Thesesmallfishliveclosetotheoceanflooratadepthof8,000meters,faroutofreachofhungrypredators（猎食者）.16．TMAO________.A．isachemicalintheocean B．isakindofplasticC．canmakethingsbreakdown D．canprotectfishfromdanger17．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“damage”inParagraph4probablymean?A．围绕 B．损害 C．生成 D．保护18．Howdeepisthedeepestpartoftheocean?A．8,200meters B．1,000metersC．morethan4,000meters D．morethan1093019．WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?A．Mostfishliveatthebottomoftheocean. B．Sharkscanswimoverhalfthedepthoftheocean.C．Anglerfishcanproducelighttofindfood. D．Cusk-eelsareeasilyeatenbyhungrypredators.20．Whatdoesthestorymainlytellus?A．Howfishliveatthebottomofthesea. B．Howdeepfishcanswimintheocean.C．HowTMAOworksinfishes’braincells. D．Howfishfindfoodinthedeepocean.Passage6Afterclass,studentsarehavingadiscussionaboutrabbitsinAustralia.Benny:Rabbitshavebeenhereforaverylongtime.TheywereintroducedtoAustraliawiththeFirstFleetin1788.It’stoolatenowtosaytheyshouldn’tbehere.Asyouknow,duringthe1930swhentimeswereveryhard,lotsofpeopleaterabbits.Theywereafreesourceoffood.Perhapsweshouldencouragemorepeopletoeatthemtodayandthatmightsolveafewproblems.Grace:Whatharmdotheyreallydo?Rabbitsaresocuteandthey’vebeenheresuchalongtime.Surely,wecanfindwaystomakethemfitinwithourenvironment.Jessica:Theproblemwithrabbitsisthattherearetoomanyofthem.DidyouknowthatwhentheywereintroducedintoAustraliatheyspreadveryquicklytonearlyeverypartofthecountry?Itwasthefastestspreadeverrecordedofanymammal（哺乳动物）anywhereintheworld!Fred:WeneedtogetridofalltherabbitsinAustralia.Iknowtheyarecuddlyandcute,butweneedtolookafterournativeanimalsandplants.Therabbitsarenotanativespecies（物种）andtheycausehugeproblems.Theyeatvastareasofgrassandplants,whichcausesthesoiltowearaway.Theyalsoeatlargeamountsoffarmers’crops.21．TherabbitswereintroducedtoAustralia________.A．duringthe1920s B．duringthe1930sC．withtheSecondFleetin1788. D．withtheFirstFleetin178822．WhatharmdorabbitsdototheAustralianenvironment?A．Theyeatnativeanimals. B．Theydon’tdoanyharm.C．Theyeatnativeplantsandfarmers’crops. D．Theyarecuddlyandcute.23．Whatdoyouthinkthepurposeofthistextis?A．Toprovideinformationaboutkeepingrabbits.B．TopresentfourdifferentpointsofviewaboutrabbitsinAustralia.C．ToexplainwhyrabbitswereintroducedintoAustralia.D．Toencouragemorepeopletoeattherabbits..Passage7Wetlands—lakes,rivers,marshesandcoasts,canmaintainbiodiversity(保护生物多样性),controlfloodsandremovepollutants.Theyarealsohelpfultoriceandfishproduction,transportationandsoon.Theyareimportantandnecessaryfeedingandbreedinggroundsformigratorybirds.Theyarethemostthreatenedecosystem(受到威胁的生态系统).WorldWetlandsDaycamefromtheConventiononWetlands(湿地公约)signedinIran,ChinajoinedtheconventiononJuly31,1992.Bytheendof2019,ourcountryhad57wetlandnaturereserveslistedasmajorwetlandsforprotectionundertheconvention,coveringatotalofnearly7millionhectares.______________________,asChinahaswetlandswith65.9millionhectares,10percentoftheworld’swetlandareas,whichcomesfourthintheworld.ChinaalsohassomeofAsia’smostimportantwetlands,suchasPoyangLakeandAsia’slongestriver,YangtzeRiver.However,aWWFresearchshowedChina’swetlandswereseriouslythreatenedbydegradationbecauseofpollution,climatechangeandover-exploitation.Soourgovernmenthasbeentakingactionstoreturnfarmlandtowetlandandremovesomefishfarms.Itwasreportedthe57keyChinesewetlandsincreasedby2,479hectaresfrom2018to2019.LiYan,anofficialfromtheNationalForestryandGrasslandAdministration,saidatanewsconference,“TheareaofwetlandsinChinahasbecomelargeroverthepastfiveyears,growingby202,600hectaresandmakingagreatcontributiontowaterqualityandenvironmentalprotection.Between2016and2020,Chinacreated201nationalwetlandparks.Chinahad899nationalwetlandparksbytheendof2020,andnearlyhalfofthecountry’swetlandsareprotectedbysomelevelofgovernment.”Chinaiscarryingthroughontheconventionforacontinuousdevelopmentandwillmakecontinuingeffortstoperfectthelawsonwetlandprotection.Severalmajorprojectsonwetlandprotectionwillbecarriedoutinsomemajorareas,suchasYangtzeRiverandtheBeijing-Tianjin-Hebeiprovincecluster.24．Whichofthefollowingisthemostsuitablefortheblank(空格)inParagraph2?A．WorldWetlandsDayiswell-known B．WetlandsinChinaareseriouslythreatenedC．Chinadoesn’thavelargeareasofwetlands D．ProtectionofwetlandsinChinaisveryimportant25．Theunderlinedword“degradation”inParagraph3probablymeans________.A．theprocessofsomethingbeingmadebetterB．theprocessofsomethingbeingmadeworseC．thesituationinwhichsomebodyhaswonalltherespectD．thesituationinwhichsomebodyhaslostalltherespect26．ThewriterlistssomenumbersinParagraph4inorderto________.A．introducehowlargeChina’swetlandsareB．explainhowimportantChina’swetlandsareC．provehowmuchdangerChina’swetlandsarefacingatpresentD．showtheachievementsonwetlandprotectionChinahasreached27．What’sthebesttitleforthepassage?A．WetlandsinChinaareFamous B．ChinaMakesLawsonWetlandProtectionC．China’sWetlandsareinDanger D．ChinaMakesProgressonWetlandProtectionPassage8Thereareabout10milliondifferentkindsofanimalsonearthandtheycomeinallshapesandsizes.ThebooknamedVarietyintheAnimalKingdomsimplyintroducesthehugevarietyoftheanimalkingdom.Itfeaturessomeofthemostunusualanimalsintheworldandincludeskeydataoneachspecies（物种）andtheirhabitsinthewild.SomeofthestrangestanimalsintheworldliveinAustraliaandNewZealand.Thereisthekakapoparrot.Itisabirdbutitcannotfly.Itisanocturnalanimal.Itsleepsinthedayandeatsatnight.Thereareonly131kakapoparrotsintheworld.Thekiwiisanotherbirdthatcannotfly.Somebirdsareverybeautiful,butthekiwiisnot.Itisoneoftheugliestbirdsintheworld.Butthekiwiisthemostromanticbirdintheworld.Maleandfemalekiwislivetogetherfor30years.Australiahasmanystrangeanimals.ThemostsurprisingAustraliananimalistheplatypus.Ithasthefaceandfeetofabird,thebodyofaratandthetailofabeaver（河狸）.Itisamammal（哺乳动物）butitlayseggs.ThesmallestmammalintheworldlivesinAsia.Itisthebumblebeebat.ItlivesinThailand.Itisonly2.5cmlonganditweighs3g.Thereareonly2,000bumblebeebatsleftinThailandbecausepeopleburntheforestwheretheylive.28．ThebooknamedVarietyintheAnimalKingdommainlytalksabout________.A．specialanimalsintheworldB．birdsinNewZealandC．animalsinAustralia29．Theunderlinedword“nocturnal”inParagraph2means“________”inChinese.A．嗜睡的 B．夜行的 C．贪吃的30．________kindsofbirdsthatcannotflyarementionedinthepassage.A．Two B．Three C．Four31．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A．Aplatypushasthebodyofabeaver.B．Akiwiisromanticthoughitisugly.C．Thenumberofkakapoparrotislargerthanthatofbumblebeebat.32．Wecanmostprobablyreadthepassagefrom________.A．ahistorybook B．amedicalreport C．asciencemagazine.【答案】1．B2．D3．C4．A5．C【分析】文章介绍了我们可以如何帮忙拯救动物。1．细节理解题。根据“Beavegan....Don’twatchanimalsforfun....Volunteeratyourlocalanimalreserve....Tellyourfriend.”可知文中提到了四种帮助动物的方法。故选B。2．词义猜测题。根据“Goingveganmeansthatyoudon’teat,wearoruseanythingthatcomesfromananimal.”可知“Goingvegan”指的是不吃、穿、用任何来自动物的东西。由此可知“vegan”是指素食主义者。故选D。3．细节理解题。根据“Volunteeratyourlocalanimalreserve....Whetheryouwalkdogs,cleantheirhousesorputupnoticesofsavinganimals,youarehelpingthem.”可知文中提到了遛狗、清扫房子、张贴拯救动物的通知，未提到喂动物。故选C。4．细节理解题。根据“Goingveganmeansthatyoudon’teat,wearoruseanythingthatcomesfromananimal.Justbygoingvegan,you’llsavethelivesofmorethan100animalseveryyear.”可知要帮忙拯救动物，我们应该不用任何来自动物的东西。故选A。5．标题归纳题。根据“Whatshouldwedotohelpsavethem?”及文中四种帮助拯救动物的方法，可知本文主要讲如何拯救动物，用“Howtosaveanimals.”做标题最合适。故选C。6．C7．A8．D9．A【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了最大的野生猫科动物——老虎。6．细节理解题。根据“Abigtigerisabout200kg,aboutthesameaseightten-year-oldkids.”可知，一只大老虎约200千克，大概和8个十岁的孩子一样重。故选C。7．细节理解题。根据“Theyusuallylookforfoodalone,becausetheydon’tlikeworkingwithothers.”可知，老虎通常独自寻找食物，不喜欢与其他老虎一起。故选A。8．词义猜测题。根据“Whenthetigerfeelsfull,itstopseatingandcoversthekillwithleaves(树叶)”可知，老虎吃饱了之后，用树叶把猎物遮盖住。故选D。9．细节理解题。根据“Whentheysmellthetreesaroundthem,theyknowit’sanothertiger’sland.”可知，当老虎闻到周围树的气味，它们知道这是另外一个老虎的领地。故选A。10．C11．D12．B【分析】文章大意：这篇短文主要介绍了三则旅游广告信息。主要介绍了它们的旅行内容，旅行时间，联系电话及票价。10．细节理解题。根据“FourDaysInTheMountains”中的电话联系方式“Tel:84639818”可知，如果想去爬山可以打电话84639818，故选C。11．推理判断题。根据“HunterValley”的票价“Adult:$50，Child:$25”可知，成年人50美元一张票，儿童25美元一张票，一共需要125美元，故选D。12．推理判断题。这篇短文主要介绍了三则旅游广告信息，会在报纸上看到，故选B。13．B14．C15．B【分析】本文主要讲述了一个美国公司发明了一个海豚机器人，它可以替代海洋公园里为游客表演的海豚，同时世界各地的人也在采取措施保护野生动物。13．细节理解题。根据“Itactsandsoundslikearealdolphin”可知海豚机器人的行为和叫声像真正的海豚。故选B。14．推理判断题。根据“Infact,peoplewhowanttoprotect（保护）animalsareworriedabouttheresultsofkeepingwildanimalsinparks.Theanimalshavetoperform（表演）forvisitorsmanytimesaday,aswellaslearningsomelessons”可知这些动物爱好者会担忧公园里的动物，可推断当他们看到动物在为游客表演的时候，他们会感到伤心。故选C。15．细节理解题。根据“Peoplearoundtheworldaredoingmoretoprotectwildanimals…Forexample,oceanparksinFrancewon’thavedolphinshowsinthefuture”可知法国采取这样的措施是为了保护海豚。故选B。16．D17．B18．D19．C20．B【分析】文章大意：本文主要讲述了海洋是数万条鱼的家园，详细介绍了鱼的生活范围，及其一些鱼的生活特点。16．细节理解题。根据“TMAOwarnsfishofthisdangeratabout8,200meters.”TMAO可在海里大约8200米处警告鱼有危险。由此可知，TMAO可以保护鱼类免受危险，故选D。17．词义猜测题。根据“Iffishswimdeeper,theTMAOchemicalstopsworkingandstartstodamagethefishes’braincells.”如果鱼游得更深，TMAO化学物质就会停止工作，并开始……鱼的脑细胞。TMAO停止工作，可推测是开始“损害、伤害”鱼的脑细胞，因此damage意思应是“损害、伤害”，故选B。18．推理判断题。根据“Recentstudieshavefoundthatthedeepestdepthafishcanswimis8,200meters.Thisisaboutthreequartersofthedepthofthedeepestpartoftheocean.”最近的研究发现，鱼能游到的最深处是8200米。这大约是海洋最深部分深度的四分之三。由此可以计算出8200÷3/4=10933，因此D选项符合题意，故选D。19．细节理解题。根据“Butanglerfishcanproducelightthemselves.Theyusethislighttofindfood.”但是琵琶鱼自己可以发光。它们用这种光来寻找食物。可知，琵琶鱼可以发光来寻找食物。故选C。20．主旨大意题。根据“Butyoumaynotknowthatfishcannotexploreeverypartoftheocean.”引起下文，即鱼不能触及到海洋的每个部分；以及“Recentstudieshavefoundthatthedeepestdepthafishcanswimis8,200meters.”最近的研究发现，鱼能游到的最深处是8200米。并在下文中举例说明理由，因此本文主要是想告诉我们大海里的鱼能游多深，故选B。21．D22．C23．B【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要是几个学生在讨论关于澳大利亚的兔子问题。21．细节理解题。根据第二段“TheywereintroducedtoAustraliawiththeFirstFleetin1788.”可知是在1788年随着第一舰队进入澳大利亚的，故选D。22．细节理解题。根据文章“Theyeatvastareasofgrassandplants,which