Unit2SectionAGrammarFocus4c课件人教版英语八年级下册

Unit2I’llhelptocleanupthecityparks.SectionAGF-4c通过本课的学习，学生能够：①掌握“提供帮助及志愿服务”主题下的句型结构，使用情态动词could表达如何为他人提供帮助。②掌握相关短语动词(phrasalverb)的学习及运用。③掌握本节课所涉及的不定式用作宾语、状语、宾语补语、对疑问词的限定及形容词后的不定式结构。LearningGoalsThisweekend,whatdoMarioandMaryexpecttodo?Let’sreadthepassagetofindouttheanswers.Whileyouarereading,underlinetheinfinitives(不定式).Let’sReview1.WhydoMarioandMaryvolunteertohelpothers?Mariovolunteersattheanimalhospitalbecausehelovesanimalsandwantstobeananimaldoctor.Hebelieveshisvolunteerworkcanhelptogethisfuturedreamjob.Maryvolunteersatanafter­schoolreadingprogrambecauseshelovesbooksandenjoyshelpingkidslearntoread.2.Whatdotheysayaboutvolunteering?Mariosaysitishardwork,buthegetsastrongfeelingofsatisfactionwhenheseestheanimalsgetbetterandthelookofjoyontheirowners’faces.Marysaysitisadreamcometrueforher,andshecandowhatshelovestodoandhelpothersatthesametime.动词不定式做宾语plantodohopetodoexpecttodolearntodowanttodohopetodowishtodowouldliketodolike/lovetododecidetodoseemtodoagreetodoit做形式宾语，todo做真正的宾语

Let’shelpIhopetocallupatleastfiveprimaryschoolstoaskiftheyneedvolunteersfortheirafter-schoolprograms.Iwanttoputoffmyplantoworkinananimalhospitaluntilnextsummer.I’mtoobusywithmystudiesthisyear.Ourclassistryingtocomeupwithsomeideastocheerupsickchildrenbecausetheyareoftensad.Wedecidedtoputupsignsaroundtheschoolandhandoutnoticestotellstudentsaboutthebooksale.Wewillgiveoutthemoneyfromthesaletohomelesspeople.putuphandoutcallupcheerupcomeupwithgiveoutputoffwanttoputoff

hopetocallupistryingtocomeupwithdecided

to

putupDoyoufindanyrules?我想去帮助无家可归的人。

I’d_____________________homelesspeople.2.你可以请求医院允许你探访儿童并让他们变得更高兴。Youcould______hospitals________youvisitthekidsandcheerthemup.3.她自愿一周去那里一次帮助孩子们学习读书。She_________thereonceaweek________kidslearntoread.4.她决定参加一个志愿者课后阅读节目的选拔。She______________tryoutforavolunteerafter-schoolreadingprogram.5.马里奥相信这会帮助他获得他的梦想工作。Mariobelievesitcanhelphim______________hisfuturedreamjob.6.我正在制作一些告示，并将它们张贴于学校里。I’mmakingsomesigns__________________aroundtheschool.

liketohelpasktoletvolunteerstohelpdecidedtotogettoputupFillintheblanksaccordingtogrammarfocus.I’dliketohelphomelesspeople.Shedecidedtotryoutforavolunteerafter-schoolreadingprogram.Youcouldaskhospitalstoletyouvisitthekidsandcheerthemup.Mariobelievesitcanhelphimtogethisfuturedreamjob.Shevolunteersthereonceaweektohelpkidslearntoread.I’mmakingsomesignstoputuparoundtheschool.I’dliketodoasksb.todovolunteer…todolearntododecidetodohelpsb.todomake…todoletsb.dohelpsb.doGrammarFocusTogetsomegoodbooksisnotaneasythingfortheleft-behindchildren.Mary’sdreamistosendthemasmanybooksaspossible.I’mhappytohelpthemandI’mproudtodothat.Thoughwehavelotsofthingstodoeveryday.Weshouldsparesometimetohelpthepeopleinneed.IstronglyadviseeveryonetolearnfromMary!Workinpairsandanalyzetheinfinitives.不定式todo做主语不定式todo做原因状语不定式todo做定语不定式todo做目的状语不定式todo做宾语补足语不定式todo做表语动词不定式

动词不定式是一种非谓语动词形式，在句中不能作谓语，没有人称和数的变化。基本形式：to＋动词原形，有时to可以省略；否定形式：not+动词不定式。动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，因此可以在句中作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语等。Togetsomegoodbooksisnotaneasythingfortheleft-behindchildren.Workinpairsandanalyzetheinfinitives.Itisnotaneasythingfortheleft-behindchildrentogetsomegoodbooks.不定式todo做主语it做形式主语不定式todo做真正主语Wecanuse______toreplacethesubject(主语)it______isverynecessary______________theleft-behindchildren.帮助留守儿童是非常有必要的。Ittohelp

动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，因此可在句中作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语等。动词不定式的用法1、【作主语】：一般位于句首，谓语动词用单数形式。为了避免句子“头重脚轻”，往往用it代替不定式作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式。例：保持健康很重要。

It’sveryimportanttokeephealthy.Mary’sdreamistosendthemasmanybooksaspossible.Workinpairsandanalyzetheinfinitives.不定式todo做表语1.我们的工作是为老人提供帮助。

Ourjobis____________helpfortheold.(offer)toofferLily的计划是本周六志愿去城市公园植树。Lily’splanis____________________________treesinthecitypark.(volunteer)tovolunteertoplantIhope

toworkoutside.Youcouldhelptocleanupthecityparks.WeneedtocomeupwithaplanfortheCityParkClean-UpDay.Mariowantstobeananimaldoctor.动词不定式动词不定式作宾语：主语＋谓语动词+todoIstronglyadviseeveryonetolearnfromMary!Workinpairsandanalyzetheinfinitives.不定式todo做宾语补足语老师告诉我们要帮助需要帮助的人。

Theteachertellsus____________thepeopleinneed.tohelp主语谓语宾语Canyouthinkofmoresimilarphrases?advisesb.todowantsb.todotellsb.todoteachsb.todohelpsb.todoinvitesb.todoencouragesb.todoDoyouknowthenegativeforms?teachsb.nottodoWhatdidtheyaskyou

tohelpoutwith?Itcanhelphimtogethisfuturedreamjob.动词不定式动词不定式作宾语补足语：主语＋谓语动词+sb.+todoI’mhappytohelpthemandI’mproudtodothat.Workinpairsandanalyzetheinfinitives.不定式todo做宾语补足语很遗憾地告诉你我不能去医院看望生病的孩子了。

I’msorry________youthatIcan’tgotothehospitaltovisitthesickkids.主表Canyouthinkofmoresimilarphrases?系behappytodobeproudtodototellbegladtodobesadtodo

不定式常出现在一些及物动词后，构成动词短语。如wantto,planto,agreeto,learn

to,decideto等。例：他告诉我如何去那里。

Hetoldmehowtogothere.2、【作宾语】：主语+谓语+todo另一种是“及物动词+疑问词+带to的不定式”。3、【作宾语补足语】：主语+谓语+宾语+todo动词不定式作宾语补足语，表示宾语所做的动作常，接不定式作宾语补足语的词有tell,ask,want,teach,allow,promise,order,advise,expect,wish,invite,encourage

等。She’dliketocleanupthecityparks____________________.Hewantstovisittheoldpeople______________________.Heplanstoputupsigns___________________________.Whydotheywanttodothevolunteerjob?Hevolunteertogiveoutclothes______________________.tomakethecitymorebeautifultocheerthemuptotellmorepeopleaboutthesaletomakepoorpeoplewarm不定式作目的状语Weshouldsparesometimetohelpthepeopleinneed.Workinpairsandanalyzetheinfinitives.不定式todo做目的状语主宾CollectmoresentenceswelearnedinUnit2!谓不定式todo做目的状语不定式todo做目的状语comeupwith不定式todo做目的状语不定式todo做目的状语Thegirlcouldvisitthesickkidsinthehospitaltocheerthemup.Shestillworksthereonceaweektohelpkidslearntoread.动词不定式动词不定式作状语：主语+谓语+(宾语)+(状语)+todoThoughwehavelotsofthingstodoeveryday.Workinpairsandanalyzetheinfinitives.不定式todo做定语Inourlife,therearemanythings_________,manypeople_____________andmanyplaces___________.Weneedtomakethemcometruethroughhardwork.主

宾人的一生，有很多要做的事情，要见的人，要旅行的地方，我们需要通过自己的努力，去实现它们。谓todotomeettotravel动词不定式作定语时，通常要放在所修饰词之后。e.g.Tomisalwaysthefirststudenttogettoschool.ThenexttraintoarriveisfromShanghai.Wouldyoupleasegivemesomepapertowriteon?不定式作定语

Summarizetheusagesofinfinitives!todo

做宾语（形式宾语）wanttodohopetodowishtodowouldliketodo做主语（形式主语）Togetsomegoodbooksisnotan...做定语thingstodopeopletomeetplacestotravel做状语I’mhappytohelpthemandI’mproudtotothat.（原因状语）Weshouldsparesometimetohelpthepeopleinneed.（目的状语）做表语Mary’sdreamistosendthemasmanybooksaspossible.做宾补advisesb.todowantsb.todotellsb.todoteachsb.todo1.Iwant_________(become)ateacheroneday.2.It’sveryuseful_______(learn)foreignlanguage.3.Heshowedmehow______(use)acomputer.4.Shegotajob______(take)careofanoldman.5.Youshouldrunquickly_______(catch)thebus.根据提示完成下列句子。tobecometolearntousetotaketocatch小试牛刀1.Ialwaystellmystudents_ontheroadbecauseit’sreallydangerous.A.nottoplayB.toplaynotC.notplayingD.notplay2.–IwillgotoHarbinformysummervacation.Whataboutyou?--Ihaven’tdecidedwhere____.A.goB.wentC.goingD.togo3.–Ididn’thearyoucomeinjustnow.--That’sgood.Wetried___anynoise,A.notmakeB.nottomake C.tomake D.making4.Lucyisshy.Shewouldnotinviteherclassmates__dancingwithher.A.practiceB.practicesC.practicingD.topractice√√√√Practice1:Underlineandanalyzetheinfinitives.做宾语做宾语wouldliketododecidetodo做宾补asksb.todo做宾补helpsb.todo做目的状语做目的状语1.动词+todo（作宾语）动词不定式用法choose(选择),decide(决定),expect(期待),want(想要),wouldlike(想要),wish(希望),hope(希望),learn(学习),plan(计划),fail(失败),prepare(准备),promise(承诺),refuse(拒绝),agree(同意),2.be+形容词+todo（作原因状语）sure(确定),happy(开心),sorry(抱歉),afraid(害怕),ready(准备好)3..动词+sb.+todosth.（作宾语补足语）ask(要求),tell(告诉),want(想要),teach(教),wish(希望),invite(邀请)infinitivesPractice2:fillintheblanks.putoffcallupcomeupwithcheerupputuphandoutgiveout做宾语做定语做宾语做目的状语做宾语做目的状语做宾语做目的状语辨析：lonely与alone

情感上的孤独，寂寞。e.g.Lindawasaloneinthehouse.琳达独自一人待在房子里。e.g.Shelivesaloneandoftenfeelslonely.她孑然一身，常感到寂寞。lonelyalone

独自一人（但不一定感觉寂寞）。Practice3:fillintheblanks.tomake做目的状语todotohelp做目的状语tospend做定语tovisit做目的状语tomove做目的状语4cCompletethesentenceswithyourownideas.Useinfintives.1.I'dliketovolunteer_____________________.2.At12:00midnight,Icalledmyfriend____________.3.I'mverybusybutIcouldhelp__________________.4.Summervacationiscoming,andIwant__________.5.Iwanttotravelalone.Myparentstoldme(not)______.1.I’dliketovolunteer_____________________________________________________________________________.2.At12:00midnight,Icalledmyfriend_____________________________________________________________.Completethesentenceswithyourownideas.Useinfinitives.atthefoodbankandhelptogiveoutfoodtothehomelesspeopletoaskanimportantquestion3.I’mverybusybutIcouldhelp____________________________________________________________________.4.Summervacationiscoming,andIwant____________________________________________________________.5.Iwanttotravelalone.Myparentstoldmenot_______________________________________________.topaintthehouseforafewhourstomorrowtodothatbecauseIamtooyounganditisnotsafetovisitmygrandparentsinHunanExercises一、单项选择1.Themanhopes________uptenpeopletovisitthezoo.A.call

B.tocall

C.tobuy

D.calling2.—

What’sherdream?—

Sheplans______tobeanactresswhenshe______school.A.tostudy;left

B.tostudy;leaves

C.study;left BB3.Mostpeopletodayareonlyworriedabout_________good

jobs________lotsofmoney.A.get;tomake

B.getting;making

C.getting;tomake4.Maybewecouldcheer_________up________tellingstories.A.them;by

B.them;with

C.they;by 5.I’dliketo_________anEnglishclubtohelpthem_________English.