2023年成人高考英语试题后附答案(专升本)

2023年成人高考专升本英语试题Phonetics(5points〕Directions:Ineachofthefollowinggroupsofwords,therearefourunderlinedlettersorlettercombinationsmarkeda,b,anddparetheunderlinedpartsandidentifytheonethatisdifferentfromtheothersinpronunciation.MarkyouranswerbyblackeningthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet.1.A.captainB.sustainC.containD.retain2.A.pensionB.missionC.tensionD.revision3.A.actressB.businessC.excessD.endless4.AbinationB.climbingC.bambooD.ambition5.A.blewB.crewC.sewD.JewVocabularyandStructure(15points)Directions:Thereare15incompletesentencesinthissection.ForeachsentencetherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.ChooseoneanswerthatbestcompletesthesentenceandblackenthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet.askedtwopassers-byhowtogettothenewrailwaystation,butofthemknewit.noneB.eitherC.neitherD.both—Thebosswantstotalktoyou.Heseemsunhappywithyourperformance.—Oh,I beintrouble.Ihopehewon”tfireme.mustB.canC.shouldD.wouldmydaughterreachestheageofeighteenshecanapplyfordrivinglicense.A.UnlessB.BecauseC.SinceD.OnceI”llconsider Ms.Smithtonight,butIamnotsureifIhavethetime.toseeB.seeingC.tohaveseenD.seeThetrain toarriveat11:30,butitwasanhourlate.A.wassupposedB.issupposedC.supposesD.supposedBobdoesn”tlookhisage.Ithinkhe”ssomewhere .A.infortyB.infortiesC.inhisfortyD.inhisfortiesIfeelveryexcitedthethoughtofjoiningmyfamilyinaweek.A.onB.forC.atD.inahotel,welookedforsomewheretohavedinner.A.FindingB.HavingfoundC.WefindingD.WefoundDespitethesuddenbreakdownoftheGeneralManager, workisgoingoninthecompany.A.usualB.routineC.normalD.regularAtsuchatimeofcrisis,wemusttryto alldifferencesandsticktogether.A.setapartB.setbackC.setasideD.setdownManygovernmentsarenowtaking toreducesmokinginpublicplaces.A.stepsB.sidesC.effectD.changeTheemployees moreenthusiasticabouttheirworksincetheirpayrose.A.areB.havebeenC.wereD.willbeChildrendon”tunderstandinitiallywhattheyarereciting,but itwillhaveanimpactontheirthinking.A.casuallyB.especiallyC.regularlyD.graduallyTheuniversityregulationsrequirethatthestudents atleast90%ofthelectures.A.attendedB.toattendC.wouldattendD.attendInOctober2023,theChang”e-1satellitewassuccessfully atXichang.A.launchedB.presentedC.regulatedD.engagedⅢ.Cloze(30points)Directions:Foreachblankinthefollowingpassage,therearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.ChoosetheonethatismostsuitableandmarkyouranswerbyblackeningthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet.Thedestructionofhabitats(栖息地)allovertheworldistheprimaryreasonspeciesarebecomingextinct(灭亡)orendangered.Houses，highways，dams，industrialbuildings，andever-spreading-farmsnowdominate21formerlyoccupiedbyforests，deserts，andwetlands.22thebeginningofEuropeansettlementinAmerica，23over65，000，000acresofwetlandshavebeendrained.Onemillionacresalonevanished241985and1995.habitatdestructioncanbe25oritcanbesubtleoccurringovera26periodoftimewithoutbeingnoticed.27suchassewagefromcitiesandchemicalrunofffromfarms,canchangethe28andquantityofwaterinstreamsandrivers.To29livinginadelicatelybalancedhabitat,thisdisturbancecanbeas30astheclear-cuttingofarainforest.31remaininghabitatsarecarvedintosmallerandsmallerpocketsorislands,remainingspeciesareforcedtoexistinthese32areas,whichcausesfurtherhabitat33.Thesespeciesbecomelessadaptabletoenvironmental34infact,theybecome35endangeredScientistsbelievethatwhenahabitatiscutby90%,one-halfofitsplants,animalsandinsectswillbecomeextinct.21.A.landscapesB.citiesC.mapsD.pictures22.A.AtB.BeforeC.AfterD.Since23.A.forexampleB.inadditionC.atlastD.afterall24.A.bothB.inC.betweenD.before25.A.simpleB.beneficialC.interestingD.obvious26.A.longB.shortC.happyD.sad27.A.ConstructionB.PollutionC.FarmingD.Living28.A.amountB.purityC.natureD.quality29.A.peopleB.speciesC.plantsD.insects30.A.effectiveB.smallC.fatalD.surprising31.A.HowB.WhetherC.BeforeD.As32.A.crowdedB.extensiveC.largeD.bare33.A.reformB.destructionC.supportD.discovery34.A.improvementsB.changesC.protectionD.development35.A.evenB.farC.moreD.lessReadingComprehension(60points)Directions:Therearefivereadingpassagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbyfourquestions.ForeachquestiontherearefoursuggestedanswersmarkedA,B,CandD.ChoosethebestanswerandblackenthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet.PassageOneWomannabbedforaDUIatsamecrashspotWedMay21,2:17AMETTRUCKEECalif.Callitdrunkendrivingdejavu(记忆幻觉).Forthesecondtimeinfivemonths，a23-year-oldCaliforniawomanhasbeenarrestedaftershecrashedhercarwhiledrivingundertheinfluence(DUI)attheexactsamespotnorthofLakeTahoe.Andtotopitoff,TruckeePolicesaythatinbothcases,herbloodalcoholcontentwasmorethanthreetimesthelegallimit.ThepolicesayMelissaDennisonofTruckeecrashedataboutnoononSundayonGlenshireDrivejustsouthoftheGlenshireBridge.Theysayshewasextremelydrunkandhadtroublestandingorwalking.Herbloodalcohollevelinitiallywasmeasuredat346.Thelegallimit.08.SergeantJ.LitchiesaidDennisonalsohadbeenchargedwithaDUIinJanuarywhenshecrashedatthesamespotandregisteredabloodalcohollevelof380.Iffoundguiltyofthesecondoffense,shefacesupto10yearsinprisonandfinesinexcessof2.000.AtelephonemessagetheAssociatedPressleftatalistingforDennisoninTruckeeonTuesdaywasnotimmediatelyreturned.Whoistheauthorofthepassage?Apassenger.Apoliceman.Ajudge.Ajournalist.Whycouldn”tthewomanstandandwalk?Shehadlosttoomuchblood.Shewasscared.Shedranktoomuch.Shehadasuddenstomachache.Whycouldthewomanbeimprisonedfor10years?ShewascaughtDUItwice.Shehadhercarcrashed.Sherefusedtotakeabloodtest.Shedrovewithoutdrivinglicense.sWhatdoestheword“nabbed“inthetitlemean?Arrested.Attacked.Charged.Punished.PassageTwoThereweremanydifferentculturesintheancientworld,butthetwothathadthemostinfluenceonEuropeanandAmericancivilizationsweretheGreekandtheRoman.Oftenthesetwoculturesarelumpedtogetherinourminds,asiftheywerereallyexactlyalike.Butthatisnotthecase.InmanywaystheGreeksandtheRomanscouldnothavebeenmoredifferent.TheGreeksweretrulydemocratic,oftenwithoutasingleleaderbutinsteadgovernedbyagroupofmenchosenbythepeople.TheRomansweresemi-democratic.TheyhadagoverningSenate,butthepoliticalpowerwasmostlyorcompletelyinthehandsofasingleemperor.Bothculturesweregreatbuilders.Buttheconstructioninterestsofthetwocultureswerealsodifferent.TheGreekstendedtobemoreartistic.Theirbuildingswerewellconstructedandtheywereespeciallyinterestedintemples,columns,anddecorativeforms.TheRomans,ontheotherhand,weremoreengineersthanartists.Theyconcentratedtheireffortsonurbanplanning,well-functioningwaterpipes,andthebestroads.Onlyincookingandeatinghabitsarethetwoculturesreallysimilar.Bothpeoplesateverywellindeed:lotsoffish,freshvegetablesandfruits,healthymeals,holdingatthesametimelongdiscussionsandtastingexcellentwines.Infact,itwouldprobablybefairtosaythattheybothlovedlifeintheirwarm,sea-orientedclimatesandtheybothlivedafulllife.Whatisthefirstparagraphabout?TheGreekandtheRomanweresimilar.PeoplemisunderstoodEuropeancivilization.GreekcivilizationwasquitedifferentfromRomancivilization.EuropeancivilizationinfluencedAmericancivilizationgreatly.WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?TheRomanshadmorepoliticalawareness.TheRomanshadlesspoliticalfreedomanddemocracy.TheRomanshadmorefreedomtochoosetheirleader.TheRomanshadfewerpeopleelectedintothegovernment.WhatweretheGreeksfamousfor?Theoverallplanningofacityoratown.Theartisticdecorationofthebuildings.Thepracticalfunctionsofthebuildings.aThesystemofwatersupplyandtransportation.Howarethetwoculturesalike?Bothlovedthesea.Bothlivedlonglives.BothlovedcookingBothenjoyedtalkingovermeals.PassageThreeAsrecentlyasthreedecadesago,manyAmericansbelievedthatusingcreditwasanunwiseanddangerouswaytopayforwhattheybought.Someeventhoughtthatowingmoneyto astoreoracreditcompany wassomethingtobeashamedof.Goodcitizens,theybelieved,alwaysboughtwhattheywantedwithrealmoneyandtheypaidthefullpriceimmediately.Today,however,allthathaschanged.Credit,assomeobservershavenoted,hasbecomeawayoflifein theUnitedStates.MoreandmoreAmericansnowaredependingonthosesmallpiecesofplastic,creditcards,topayforlargepurchasessuchastelevisions,recordplayersorfurniture.Manypeopletodaywouldconsideritunusualnottouseacreditcardtopayforacostlyrestaurantdinner,ahotelroomoranairlinetrip.AndtherearesomesituationsinwhichAmericansmusthavecreditcards.Iftheywantthetemporaryuseofacar,forexample,theyfirstmustgivethecarrentalcompanythenumberoftheircreditcard.ThatnumberisconsideredaguaranteethattheywillreturnthecarandpayCreditcardsoffertwomajorservicestoAmericans.Firstofall,theyareeasierandsafertocarrythanlargeamountsofmoney.Second,theypermitpeopletoborrow,tohavetheimmediatepleasureofowningsomething,eveniftheydonothaveenoughmoneytopayforitatthetime.Withcreditcardspeoplepayforgoodsorservicesattheendofeachmonthinsteadofwhentheybuythem.Andwhenthetimedoescometopay,mostcreditcardsofferpeopleachoice.Theycanpayallofwhattheyoweforthemonthortheycanjustpayusuallybetween5and10percentofwhattheyowe.WhatdoAmericansfeelaboutusingcreditcardsnowadaysaccordingtothepassage?Theyconsideritvaluable.Theyregarditasashame.Theythinkitdangerous.Theyfinditquiteconvenient.Whydoesthecarrentalcompanyaskforthecreditcardnumber?Topreventtheoveruseofthecar.Tomakesurethatthecarwon”tbedamaged.Tomakesuretheuserreturnthecarandpayforusingit.Toensurethatthecarissafelyandtimelyreturned.Whatadvantagecancreditcardholdershave?Theycanchoosenottopayfortheirpurchases.Theycaneasilyborrowmoneyatalowerinterest.Theycanownsomethingbeforetheyactuallypayforit.Theycanpayonlyasmallamountofwhattheyowe.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?Credit-aWayofLifeinAmericaCreditServicesinAmericaConvenienceofLivinginAmericaHistoryofCreditCardsinAmericaPassageFourAt the 1893 Columbian Exposition, a World Fair held in chocolate-makingmachinerymadeinGermanywasdisplayed.ItcaughttheeyeofM.S.Hershey,whosawthepotentialforchocolate.HeinstalledchocolatemachineryinhisfactoryinLancaster,andproducedhisfirstchocolatebarsin1894.OtherAmericansbeganmixinginothermaterialstomakeupnewcandybarsthroughouttheendofthe1890”sandtheearly1900”s.ButitwasWorldWarIthatreallybroughtattentiontothecandybar.TheU.S.Army QuartermasterCorpsrequestedvariousAmericanchocolatemanufacturerstoprovide20to40poundblocksofchocolatetobeshippedtoquartermasterbases.TheblockswerecutintosmallerdistributedtoAmericansoldiersinEurope.Eventuallythetaskofmakingsmallerpieceswasturnedbacktothemanufacturers.Bytheendofthewarwhenthesoldiersarrivedhome,theAmericancandybarbusinesswasassured.Why?Becausethereturningsoldiershadgrownfondofchocolatecandyandwantedmoreofthesame.Asaresultfromthattimeonandthroughthe1920”s,candybarmanufacturersbecameestablishedthroughouttheUnitedStates,andasmanyas40,000differentcandybarsappearedonthescene.TheoriginalcandybarindustryhaditsstartontheeasterncoastinsuchcitiesasPhiladelphia,Boston,andNewYork.TheindustrysoonspreadtotheMidwestbecauseshippingandrawmaterialssuchassugar,cornsyrup,andmilkwereeasilyavailable.Chicagobecametheseatofthecandybarindustryandiseventodayanimportantbase.WhydidM.S.Hersheystarttheproductionofchocolatebars?HewasdeeplyimpressedbytheColumbianExposition.HerealizedthatitwaspossibleforchocolatetobecomepopularTherewasnothingtoproduceinhisfactoryinLancaster.HewasinterestedinthechocolatemachinerydisplayedatthefairWhicheventbroughttheboomingofAmericancandybarbusiness?Theaddingofnewmaterials.ThedemandinthearmyduringWWI.ThepurchaseofnewmachinesTheappearanceofsmallercandybars.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“seat“inthelastparagraphmostprobablymean?Focus.Position.Chair.CenterWhatisthispassagemainlyabout?WorldFairheldinChicagoin1893.ThepopularityoftheAmericancandybarindustry.oThecandybarindustryduringWorldWar.ThespreadofthecandybarbusinesstotheMidwest.PassageFiveMarkTwainisoneofAmerica”smuch-belovedauthors,creatingimaginativeandhumorousclassicsforchildrenandadultsalike,suchasTheAdventuresofTomSawyer,ThePrinceandThePauper,andAdventuresofHuckleberryFinn.Twainpassedawayin1910,leavingbehindatreasureofgreatliterature.Butnow,100yearsafter his death, he”ll have a brand-new book on the shelves: a autobiography.Twainhasn”tbeenkeepingbusyinhistombitwashiswishthatpublisherswaituntil100yearsafterhisdeathtopublishhismemoirs)whichhespentthelastdecadeofhislifeworkingon.Theautobiographytotalsmorethan5,000s,andlikelywon”tbeallsunshineandroses.ItseemsthatTwainharboredsomebitternessagainstformergirlfriendsandex-friends.Healsowritesnegativelyaboutpoliticiansofhisday,suchasTeddyRoosevelt.It”slikelythatherequestedsuchalongleadtimeforthememoirsbecausehedidn”twanttohurtthefeelingsofanyonementionedinthiswork.Althoughsmallsectionsofthememoirshavebeenpreviouslypublishedtheautobiographyhasneverbeenavailableinfull,andshouldprovidegreatinsightsintothemanbehindtheclassicbooks.ThefirstvolumeofthesetwillbeavailableinNovember,andthetrilogyisbeingpublishedbytheUniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley.“TherearesomanybiographiesofTwain,andmanyofthemhaveusedbitsandpieces of the autobiography“, editor Robert Hirst told The Independent.“Butbiographerspickandchoosewhatbitstoquote.BypublishingTwain”sbookinfullwehopethatpeoplewillbeabletocometotheirowncompleteconclusionsaboutwhatsortofamanhewas.“AccordingtoParagraph1,whichofthestatementsisTRUEofMarkTwain?Heleftbehindlotsofmoney.Hisworkswerewrittenforchildren.Hisworksarefullofadventures.Heisfamousforhisgreatworks.WhatcanwelearnaboutMarkTwain”sautobiographyfromthepassage?IthasbeenpublishedagainstTwain”swill.ItshowsTwain”srespectforpoliticians.Itwillbepublishedinfull.Ithasbeenrecentlyfinished.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“trilogy“inParagraph4mean?workinthreevolumes.Animaginativework.collectionofstories.Memoirsoffamouspeople.WhatisthepurposeofpublishingTwain”sautobiography?Tosupplementotherbiographies.To