2024届高考英语阅读理解高频词汇超详细梳理（低碳经济类）学案（含答案）

高考英语阅读理解高频词汇超详细梳理（低碳经济类）单词详解1.Agriculture(农业)音标:/ˈæɡrɪkʌltʃər/词性:名词(noun)中文释义:指种植农作物和饲养动物的产业。例句:Developingsustainableagricultureiscrucialforreducingcarbonemissionsandensuringfoodsecurity.(发展可持续农业对于减少碳排放和确保粮食安全至关重要。)同义词:farming,cultivation反义词:industry(工业)搭配:sustainableagriculture(可持续农业),organicagriculture(有机农业)拓展词组:agriculturaltechnology(农业技术),agriculturalproducts(农产品)易错点拨:agriculture是不可数名词，没有复数形式。2.Atmosphere(大气)音标:/ˈætməsfɪr/词性:名词(noun)中文释义:指地球周围的气体层。例句:Theburningoffossilfuelsreleasesgreenhousegasesintotheatmosphere,contributingtoclimatechange.(燃烧化石燃料会向大气中释放温室气体，导致气候变化。)同义词:air,sky搭配:atmosphericpollution(大气污染),greenhousegasemissions(温室气体排放)拓展词组:atmosphericpressure(大气压),atmosphericscience(大气科学)易错点拨:atmosphere作为“大气层”时是单数名词，不可数。3.Carbon(碳)音标:/ˈkɑːrbən/词性:名词(noun)中文释义:一种非金属元素，是构成生命的基础元素之一。例句:Reducingcarbonemissionsisessentialformitigatingclimatechange.(减少碳排放对于缓解气候变化至关重要。)搭配:carbonemissions(碳排放),carbonfootprint(碳足迹)拓展词组:carbondioxide(二氧化碳),carboncaptureandstorage(碳捕获与储存)易错点拨:注意carbon与car(汽车)的区别。4.Climate(气候)音标:/ˈklaɪmət/词性:名词(noun)中文释义:指一个地区长期的大气状况，包括温度、降水、风等因素。例句:Climatechangeisoneofthemostpressingchallengesfacinghumanitytoday.(气候变化是今人类面临的最紧迫的挑战之一。)同义词:weather(天气,指短时间内的大气状况)搭配:climatechange(气候变化),globalwarming(全球变暖)拓展词组:climateaction(气候行动),climatepolicy(气候政策)易错点拨:注意climate与weather的区别,weather指的是短时间内的大气状况，而climate指的是一个地区长期的大气状况。5.Conservation(保护)音标:/ˌkɒnsərˈveɪʃən/词性:名词(noun)中文释义:指保护自然资源和环境免受浪费或破坏的行为。例句:Conservationofforestsisessentialformaintainingbiodiversityandmitigatingclimatechange.(森林保护对于维持生物多样性和缓解气候变化至关重要。)同义词:preservation,protection反义词:destruction(破坏)搭配:wildlifeconservation(野生动物保护),energyconservation(能源节约)拓展词组:conservationefforts(保护工作),conservationarea(保护区)易错点拨:注意conservation与reservation(预订)的区别。6.Consumption(消耗)音标:/kənˈsʌmpʃən/词性:名词(noun)中文释义:指使用或消耗资源的行为。例句:Reducingourconsumptionoffossilfuelsisessentialfortransitioningtoalow-carboneconomy.(减少我们对化石燃料的消耗对于向低碳经济转型至关重要。)同义词:use,expenditure反义词:production(生产)搭配:energyconsumption(能源消耗),sustainableconsumption(可持续消费)拓展词组:consumergoods(消费品),consumerbehavior(消费者行为)易错点拨:consumption通常是不可数名词，但有时可以指“消耗量”，此时可数。7.Ecology(生态)音标:/ɪˈkɒlədʒi/词性:名词(noun)中文释义:指研究生物与其环境之间相互关系的科学。例句:Maintainingahealthyecologyisessentialforthewell-beingofalllivingthings.(维持健康的生态系统对于所有生物的福祉至关重要。)同义词:environment,ecosystem搭配:ecologicalbalance(生态平衡),ecologicalfootprint(生态足迹)拓展词组:ecologicaldiversity(生态多样性),ecologicalsustainability(生态可持续性)易错点拨:ecology常与economy(经济)混淆，注意区分。8.Economy(经济)音标:/ɪˈkɒnəmi/词性:名词(noun)中文释义:指一个国家或地区的生产、分配和消费体系。例句:Transitioningtoalow-carboneconomyrequiressignificantinvestmentinrenewableenergyandenergyefficiency.(向低碳经济转型需要对可再生能源和能效进行大量投资。)同义词:financialsystem,economicsystem搭配:globaleconomy(全球经济),greeneconomy(绿色经济)拓展词组:economicgrowth(经济增长),economicdevelopment(经济发展)易错点拨:economy常与ecology(生态)混淆，注意区分。9.Environment(环境)音标:/ɪnˈvaɪrənmənt/词性:名词(noun)中文释义:指围绕着生物的周围事物和条件的总和。例句:Protectingtheenvironmentisessentialforthehealthandwell-beingofcurrentandfuturegenerations.(保护环境对于当代和后代的健康和福祉至关重要。)同义词:ecology,ecosystem搭配:environmentalprotection(环境保护),environmentalpollution(环境污染)拓展词组:environmentalimpact(环境影响),environmentalsustainability(环境可持续性)易错点拨:environment是不可数名词，没有复数形式。10.Industry(工业)音标:/ˈɪndəstri/词性:名词(noun)中文释义:指大规模生产商品的经济部门。例句:Theindustrialsectorisamajorcontributortogreenhousegasemissions.(工业部门是温室气体排放的主要来源。)同义词:manufacturing,production反义词:agriculture(农业)搭配:heavyindustry(重工业),lightindustry(轻工业)拓展词组:industrialrevolution(工业革命),industrialdevelopment(工业发展)易错点拨:industry是可数名词，复数形式为industries.11.Pollution(污染)音标:/pəˈluːʃən/词性:名词(noun)中文释义:指有害物质或能量污染环境的行为或结果。例句:Airpollutionisamajorhealthhazardinmanycitiesaroundtheworld.(空气污染是世界许多城市的主要健康危害。)同义词:contamination,defilement反义词:purity(纯净)搭配:airpollution(空气污染),waterpollution(水污染)拓展词组:environmentalpollution(环境污染),pollutioncontrol(污染控制)易错点拨:pollution是不可数名词，没有复数形式。12.Recycle(回收)音标:/ˌriːˈsaɪkl/词性:动词(verb)中文释义:指将废弃物料加工处理后重新利用。例句:Weshouldallrecyclepaper,plastic,andglasstoreducewasteandconserveresources.(我们都应该回收纸张、塑料和玻璃，以减少浪费和节约资源。)同义词:reclaim,reuse反义词:waste(浪费)搭配:recyclingbin(回收箱),recyclingcenter(回收中心)拓展词组:recyclingprogram(回收计划),recycledmaterials(回收材料)易错点拨:recycle是动词，名词形式为recycling.13.Resource(资源)音标:/rɪˈsɔːrs/词性:名词(noun)中文释义:指可用于生产商品和服务的物质或能量来源。例句:Renewableresources,suchassolarandwindenergy,offerasustainablealternativetofossilfuels.(可再生资源，如太阳能和风能，为化石燃料提供了可持续的替代方案。)同义词:supply,asset搭配:naturalresources(自然资源),renewableresources(可再生资源)拓展词组:resourcemanagement(资源管理),resourceconservation(资源保护)易错点拨:resource是可数名词，复数形式为resources.14.Sustainable(可持续的)音标:/səˈsteɪnəbl/词性:形容词(adjective)中文释义:指能够长期维持而不损害环境或资源的行为或发展模式。例句:Sustainabledevelopmentmeetstheneedsofthepresentwithoutcompromisingtheabilityoffuturegenerationstomeettheirownneeds.(可持续发展是指既满足当代人的需求，又不损害后代人满足其自身需求的能力的发展。)同义词:eco-friendly,green反义词:unsustainable(不可持续的)搭配:sustainabledevelopment(可持续发展),sustainableenergy(可持续能源)拓展词组:sustainableagriculture(可持续农业),sustainableliving(可持续生活)易错点拨:注意sustainable与maintainable(可维护的)的区别。15.Technology(技术)音标:/tekˈnɒlədʒi/词性:名词(noun)中文释义:指应用科学知识来解决实际问题的方法和手段。例句:Technologicalinnovationiscrucialfordevelopingandimplementingsolutionstoclimatechange.(技术创新对于开发和实施应对气候变化的解决方案至关重要。)同义词:technique,method搭配:advancedtechnology(先进技术),greentechnology(绿色技术)拓展词组:technologicaladvancement(技术进步),technologicalinnovation(技术创新)易错点拨:technology是不可数名词，没有复数形式。16.Waste(浪费)音标:/weɪst/词性:名词(noun)/动词(verb)中文释义:(n.)指无用或多余的材料或物质;(v.)指不必要地消耗或使用资源。例句:Reducingwasteisanimportantpartofalow-carbonlifestyle.(减少浪费是低碳生活方式的重要组成部分。)同义词:(n.)garbage,rubbish;(v.)squander,misuse反义词:(n.)resource(资源);(v.)conserve(节约)搭配:wastedisposal(垃圾处理),foodwaste(食物浪费)拓展词组:wastemanagement(废物管理),wastereduction(减少浪费)易错点拨:waste作名词时通常是不可数的，但可以表示“一片废墟”等，此时可数。17.Biofuel(生物燃料)音标:/ˈbaɪəʊfjuːəl/词性:名词(noun)中文释义:指由生物质转化而成的燃料，例如植物油或藻类。例句:Biofuelsofferapotentialsolutiontoreduceourrelianceonfossilfuels.(生物燃料为减少我们对化石燃料的依赖提供了潜在的解决方案。)同义词:renewablefuel(可再生燃料)反义词:fossilfuel(化石燃料)搭配:biofuelproduction(生物燃料生产),biofueltechnology(生物燃料技术)拓展词组:biodiesel(生物柴油),bioethanol(生物乙醇)易错点拨:注意biofuel与fossilfuel的区别。18.CarbonFootprint(碳足迹)音标:/ˈkɑːrbənˈfʊtprɪnt/词性:名词(noun)中文释义:指个人或组织活动产生的温室气体排放总量。例句:Wecanallreduceourcarbonfootprintbymakingsimplechangestoourdailylives,suchaswalkingorcyclinginsteadofdriving.(我们可以通过对日常生活做出简单的改变来减少我们的碳足迹，例如步行或骑自行车而不是开车。)同义词:carbonemissions(碳排放)搭配:calculateyourcarbonfootprint(计算你的碳足迹),reduceyourcarbonfootprint(减少你的碳足迹)拓展词组:carbonfootprintcalculator(碳足迹计算器)易错点拨:carbonfootprint是一个固定短语，footprint不可单独使用表示“碳足迹”。19.CarbonNeutral(碳中和)音标:/ˈkɑːrbənˈnjuːtrəl/词性:形容词(adjective)中文释义:指通过植树造林等方式抵消自身产生的碳排放，实现净零排放。例句:Manycompaniesarestrivingtobecomecarbonneutralbyinvestinginrenewableenergyandcarbonoffsetprojects.(许多公司正在努力通过投资可再生能源和碳抵消项目来实现碳中和。)同义词:net-zeroemissions(净零排放)反义词:carbonpositive(碳排放量大于吸收量)搭配:achievecarbonneutrality(实现碳中和),carbonneutralproducts(碳中和产品)拓展词组:carbonoffset(碳抵消),carbonsequestration(碳封存)易错点拨:carbonneutral是一个固定短语，不可随意更改词序。20.CircularEconomy(循环经济)音标:/ˈsɜːkjʊlərɪˈkɒnəmi/词性:名词(noun)中文释义:指一种旨在消除浪费和持续利用资源的经济模式。例句:Thecirculareconomypromotesashiftfromalinear"take-make-dispose"modeltoaclosed-loopsystemwherematerialsarereusedandrecycled.(循环经济促进从线性的“获取-制造-处置”模式转变为闭环系统，在闭环系统中，材料被重复使用和回收。)同义词:closed-loopeconomy,regenerativeeconomy反义词:lineareconomy(线性经济)搭配:circulareconomyprinciples(循环经济原则),circulareconomystrategies(循环经济策略)拓展词组:resourcerecovery(资源回收),waste-to-energy(废物转化能源)易错点拨:circulareconomy是一个固定短语，不可随意更改词序。21.Decarbonization(脱碳)音标:/diːˌkɑːrbənaɪˈzeɪʃən/词性:名词(noun)中文释义:指减少或消除二氧化碳排放的过程。例句:Decarbonizationofthetransportationsectoriscrucialforachievingclimategoals.(交通部门的脱碳对于实现气候目标至关重要。)同义词:carbonreduction(碳减排)反义词:carbonization(碳化)搭配:decarbonizationstrategies(脱碳策略),decarbonizationtechnologies(脱碳技术)拓展词组:carbon-free(无碳的),low-carbon(低碳的)易错点拨:注意decarbonization与carbonization的区别，后者指“碳化”22.Eco-friendly(环保的)音标:/ˈiːkəʊˈfrendli/词性:形容词(adjective)中文释义:指对环境友好的产品或行为。例句:Consumersareincreasinglychoosingeco-friendlyproductstoreducetheirenvironmentalimpact.(消费者越来越多地选择环保产品以减少对环境的影响。)同义词:green,sustainable反义词:environmentallyharmful(对环境有害的)搭配:eco-friendlyproducts(环保产品),eco-friendlypractices(环保做法)拓展词组:eco-conscious(具有环保意识的),eco-label(环保标签)易错点拨:eco-friendly是一个复合词，由eco(生态)和friendly(友好的)构成.23.GreenBuilding(绿色建筑)音标:/ɡriːnˈbɪldɪŋ/词性:名词(noun)中文释义:指在设计、建造和运营过程中注重环保和节能的建筑。例句:Greenbuildingsuselessenergyandwater,reducewaste,andcreateahealthierindoorenvironment.(绿色建筑使用更少的能源和水，减少浪费，并创造更健康的室内环境。)同义词:sustainablebuilding(可持续建筑)反义词:conventionalbuilding(传统建筑)搭配:greenbuildingdesign(绿色建筑设计),greenbuildingmaterials(绿色建筑材料)拓展词组:energyefficiency(能效),LEEDcertification(LEED认证)易错点拨:greenbuilding是一个固定短语，不可随意更改词序。24.GreenEnergy(绿色能源)音标:/ɡriːnˈenədʒi/词性:名词(noun)中文释义:指来自可再生能源的能量，例如太阳能、风能和水能。例句:Investingingreenenergyiscrucialfortransitioningtoalow-carboneconomyandreducingourdependenceonfossilfuels.(投资绿色能源对于向低碳经济转型和减少我们对化石燃料的依赖至关重要。)同义词:renewableenergy(可再生能源)反义词:fossilfuel(化石燃料)搭配:greenenergysources(绿色能源来源),greenenergyprojects(绿色能源项目)拓展词组:solarpower(太阳能),windpower(风能)易错点拨:greenenergy是一个固定短语，不可随意更改词序。25.GreenhouseGas(温室气体)音标:/ˈɡriːnhaʊsɡæs/词性:名词(noun)中文释义:指能够吸收地球辐射热的气体，例如二氧化碳和甲烷。例句:Theincreaseingreenhousegasemissionsistheprimarycauseofclimatechange.(温室气体排放的增加是气候变化的主要原因。)搭配:greenhousegasemissions(温室气体排放),greenhouseeffect(温室效应)拓展词组:KyotoProtocol(京都议定书),ParisAgreement(巴黎协定)易错点拨:greenhousegas是一个固定短语，不可随意更改词序。26.Low-carbonLifestyle(低碳生活方式)音标:/ˌləʊˈkɑːrbənˈlaɪfstaɪl/词性:名词(noun)中文释义:指减少碳足迹的生活方式，例如骑自行车、节约用水和能源等。例句:Adoptingalow-carbonlifestylecanhelptoreducegreenhousegasemissionsandprotecttheenvironment.(采取低碳生活方式可以帮助减少温室气体排放并保护环境。)同义词:greenlifestyle(绿色生活方式)反义词:high-carbonlifestyle(高碳生活方式)搭配:livealow-carbonlifestyle(过低碳生活),promotealow-carbonlifestyle(倡导低碳生活方式)拓展词组:energyconservation(能源节约),wastereduction(减少浪费)易错点拨:low-carbonlifestyle是一个固定短语，不可随意更改词序。练习：一、选择合适的词填空:A.recycleB.resourceC.sustainableD.technologyE.wasteSolarandwindpowerareexamplesof________energysources.Weshouldalltrytoreduceour________byusingreusablebagsandavoidingsingle-useplastics.________developmentmeetstheneedsofthepresentwithoutcompromisingtheabilityoffuturegenerationstomeettheirownneeds.Paper,plastic,andglasscanallbe________.________innovationiscrucialforfindingsolutionstoenvironmentalproblems.二、根据汉语提示完成句子，每空一词:许多公司正在努力实现碳中和，以减少对环境的影响。(carbonneutral)Manycompaniesarestrivingtobecome________________toreducetheirenvironmentalimpact.我们应该回收利用废旧物品，而不是把它们扔掉。(recycle,waste)Weshould________olditemsinsteadofthrowingthemawayas________.绿色建筑使用更少的能源和水，并创造更健康的室内环境。(greenbuilding)________________uselessenergyandwaterandcreateahealthierindoorenvironment.*政府正在采取措施减少空气污染。(pollution)Thegovernmentistakingmeasurestoreduceair________.有机农业避免使用合成肥料和杀虫剂。(agriculture)Organic________avoidstheuseofsyntheticfertilizersandpesticides.三、翻译句子:我们需要开发新的技术来应对气候变化。(technology,climatechange)减少我们的碳足迹对保护环境至关重要。(carbonfootprint,environment)循环经济有助于减少浪费和节约资源。(circulareconomy,waste,resource)许多发展中国家缺乏获得清洁饮用水的资源。(developingcountries,resource)我们都应该采取行动保护我们的星球。(planet)四、阅读理解（一）Thepursuitofagreenandlow-carboneconomyhasbecomeaglobalimperativeinthefaceofclimatechangeandresourcedepletion.Thiseconomicmodelprioritizessustainabledevelopment,aimingtominimizeenvironmentalimpactwhilepromotingeconomicgrowthandsocialequity.Transitioningtoagreenandlow-carboneconomyrequiresamultifacetedapproachencompassingvarioussectorsandstakeholders.Governmentsplayacrucialroleinsettingpolicyframeworks,incentivizinggreeninvestments,andfosteringinternationalcooperation.Businessesareincreasinglyadoptingsustainablepractices,developinggreentechnologies,andintegratingenvironmentalconsiderationsintotheiroperations.Consumersarebecomingmoreenvironmentallyconscious,demandingeco-friendlyproductsandembracingsustainablelifestyles.Thebenefitsofagreenandlow-carboneconomyaremanifold.Itpromotesenvironmentalsustainabilitybyreducinggreenhousegasemissions,conservingnaturalresources,andmitigatingpollution.Itfosterseconomicgrowthbycreatingnewindustriesandjobsinrenewableenergy,energyefficiency,andgreentechnologysectors.Moreover,itenhancessocialequitybyensuringaccesstocleanenergyandahealthyenvironmentforall.However,transitioningtoagreenandlow-carboneconomyalsopresentschallenges.Shiftingawayfromfossilfuelsrequiressignificantinvestmentininfrastructureandtechnology.Balancingeconomicgrowthwithenvironmentalprotectioncanbecomplex,requiringcarefulplanningandcollaboration.Additionally,ensuringajusttransitionthatbenefitsallmembersofsocietyiscrucial.Despitethechallenges,theurgencyofaddressingclimatechangeandresourcedepletionnecessitatesaglobalshifttowardsagreenandlow-carboneconomy.Byembracingsustainablepractices,fosteringinnovation,andpromotingcollaboration,wecanbuildamoreresilientandequitablefutureforgenerationstocome.1.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Thechallengesoftransitioningtoagreenandlow-carboneconomy.B.Theimportanceandbenefitsofdevelopingagreenandlow-carboneconomy.C.Theroleofgovernmentsinpromotinggreenandlow-carbondevelopment.D.Theimpactofclimatechangeandresourcedepletionontheglobaleconomy.2.Accordingtothepassage,whoplaysacrucialroleinsettingpolicyframeworksforgreenandlow-carbondevelopment?A.Businesses.B.Consumers.C.Governments.D.Environmentalorganizations.3.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasabenefitofagreenandlow-carboneconomy?A.Reductionofgreenhousegasemissions.B.Creationofnewjobopportunities.C.Increasedrelianceonfossilfuels.D.Enhancedsocialequity.4.Whatisonechallengeassociatedwithtransitioningtoagreenandlow-carboneconomy?A.Theabundanceoffossilfuelresources.B.Thelackofconsumerdemandforgreenproducts.C.Thehighcostofinvestinginrenewableenergy.D.Theeaseofbalancingeconomicgrowthwithenvironmentalprotection.5.Theauthor'stoneinthepassagecanbestbedescribedas:A.pessimistic.B.optimistic.C.neutral.D.critical.（二）Theconceptofagreenandlow-carbonsupplychainhasgainedtractionasbusinessesstrivetominimizetheirenvironmentalimpactandmeetthegrowingdemandforsustainableproducts.Agreensupplychainintegratesenvironmentalconsiderationsintoallstagesofthesupplychain,fromsourcingrawmaterialstomanufacturing,distribution,andend-of-lifedisposal.Implementingagreenandlow-carbonsupplychaininvolvesseveralkeystrategies.Sustainablesourcingfocusesonprocuringmaterialsfromenvironmentallyresponsiblesuppliersthatadheretoethicalandecologicalstandards.Greenmanufacturingaimstoreduceenergyconsumption,minimizewastegeneration,andadoptcleanerproductiontechnologies.Eco-friendlypackagingutilizesrecyclableorbiodegradablematerialstoreducepackagingwaste.Greenlogisticsoptimizestransportationroutesandmodestominimizecarbonemissionsassociatedwithproductdistribution.Finally,reverselogisticsfocusesonproductrecoveryandrecyclingtominimizewasteandpromotecircularity.Developingagreenandlow-carbonsupplychainoffersnumerousbenefits.Itenhancesbrandreputationandcustomerloyaltybydemonstratingacommitmenttoenvironmentalresponsibility.Itimprovesoperationalefficiencyandreducescostsbyminimizingenergyconsumptionandwastegeneration.Additionally,itmitigatessupplychainrisksassociatedwithresourcescarcityandenvironmentalregulations.However,implementingagreensupplychainalsopresentschallenges.Itrequirescollaborationandcoordinationamongvarioussupplychainpartners.Theinitialcostsofimplementingsustainablepracticesandtechnologiescanbehigh.Additionally,measuringandtrackingenvironmentalperformancethroughoutthesupplychaincanbecomplex.Despitethechallenges,thegrowingimportanceofsustainabilityandtheincreasingdemandforgreenproductsnecessitateashifttowardsgreenandlow-carbonsupplychains.Byembracingsustainablepractices,fosteringcollaboration,andinvestingininnovativesolutions,businessescanbuildresilientandresponsiblesupplychainsthatcontributetoamoresustainablefuture.1.Whatistheprimaryfocusofagreenandlow-carbonsupplychain?A.Maximizingprofits.B.Minimizingenvironmentalimpact.C.Increasingproductionspeed.D.Reducinglaborcosts.2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasakeystrategyforimplementingagreenandlow-carbonsupplychain?A.Sustainablesourcing.B.Greenmanufacturing.C.Aggressivemarketing.D.Eco-friendlypackaging.3.Accordingtothepassage,whatisonebenefitofdevelopingagreenandlow-carbonsupplychain?A.Increasedwastegeneration.B.Enhancedbrandreputation.C.Reducedcollaborationamongsupplychainpartners.D.Increasedrelianceonnon-renewableresources.4.Whatisonechallengeassociatedwithimplementingagreensupplychain?A.Thelowcostofsustainabletechnologies.B.Theeaseofmeasuringenvironmentalperformance.C.Thelackofconsumerinterestingreenproducts.D.Theneedforcollaborationamongsupplychainpartners.5.Theauthor'spurposeinwritingthispassageisto:A.criticizebusinessesfortheirenvironmentalimpact.B.explaintheconceptandbenefitsofgreenandlow-carbonsupplychains.C.discouragebusinessesfromadoptingsustainablepractices.D.predictthefutureoftheglobalsupplychainindustry.（三）Advancedtechnologiesplayapivotalroleindrivingthetransitiontowardsalow-carboneconomy.Fromrenewableenergygenerationtoenergyefficiencyimprovementsandcarboncapturesolutions,innovativetechnologiesareessentialformitigatingclimatechangeandbuildingasustainablefuture.Renewableenergytechnologies,suchassolar,wind,hydro,andgeothermalpower,harnesscleanandsustainableenergysourcestoreducerelianceonfossilfuels.Solarphotovoltaic(PV)technologyconvertssunlightdirectlyintoelectricity,whilewindturbinesharnesswindenergytogeneratepower.Hydropowerutilizestheenergyofflowingwater,whilegeothermalenergyharnessestheEarth'sinternalheat.Energyefficiencytechnologiesaimtoreduceenergyconsumptionwithoutcompromisingproductivityorcomfort.Smartgridsoptimizeenergydistributionandconsumption,whilebuildingautomationsystemsregulatelighting,heating,andcoolingtominimizeenergywaste.Energy-efficientappliancesandlightingsystemsconsumelessenergywhileprovidingthesamelevelofperformance.Carboncaptureandstorage(CCS)technologiescapturecarbondioxideemissionsfrompowerplantsandindustrialfacilities,preventingthemfromenteringtheatmosphere.Capturedcarbondioxidecanthenbestoredundergroundorutilizedinvariousindustrialapplications.Advancedtechnologiesalsofacilitatesustainabletransportationsolutions.Electricvehicles(EVs)poweredbybatteriesorfuelcellsofferacleaneralternativetogasoline-poweredvehicles.Autonomousvehiclesandintelligenttransportationsystemsoptimizetrafficflowandreducecongestion,leadingtoloweremissions.Whileadvancedtechnologiesofferimmensepotentialforenablingalow-carboneconomy,challengesremain.Theupfrontcostsofadoptingnewtechnologiescanbehigh,requiringsupportivepoliciesandfinancialincentives.Scalingupthedeploymentofthesetechnologiesrequiresinvestmentininfrastructureandworkforcedevelopment.Additionally,addressingpotentialenvironmentalimpactsassociatedwithcertaintechnologies,suchasbatterydisposalforEVs,iscrucial.Despitethechallenges,theroleofadvancedtechnologiesindrivingthetransitiontowardsalow-carboneconomyisundeniable.Byfosteringinnovation,promotingcollaboration,andinvestinginresearchanddevelopment,wecanharnessthepoweroftechnologytobuildasustainableandprosperousfuture.1.Whatisthemaintopicofthepassage?A.Thechallengesofdevelopingadvancedtechnologies.B.Theroleofadvancedtechnologiesinpromotingalow-carboneconomy.C.Theimpactofclimatechangeontechnologicalinnovation.D.Thehistoryofrenewableenergytechnologies.2.Whichofthefollowingisanexampleofarenewableenergytechnology?A.Coal-firedpowerplants.B.Nuclearpowerplants.C.Solarpanels.D.Naturalgasturbines.3.Whatistheprimarypurposeofenergyefficiencytechnologies?A.Toincreaseenergyconsumption.B.Toreduceenergyconsumption.C.Topromotetheuseoffossilfuels.D.Tohindertechnologicalinnovation.4.Whatdocarboncaptureandstoragetechnologiesdo?A.Theyincreasecarbondioxideemissions.B.Theypreventcarbondioxideemissionsfromenteringtheatmosphere.C.Theypromotetheuseoffossilfuels.D.Theyaccelerateclimatechange.5.Whatisonechallengeassociatedwithadoptingadvancedtechnologiesforalow-carboneconomy?A.Thelowcostofnewtechnologies.B.Theabundanceofskilledworkers.C.Thelackofconsumerdemandforgreenproducts.D.Theneedforsupportivepoliciesandfinancialincentives.参考答案：一、选择合适的词填空:B(resource)太阳能和风能是可再生能源的例子。E(waste)我们都应该通过使用可重复使用的袋子和避免使用一次性塑料来减少浪费。C(sustainable)可持续发展是指既满足当代人的需求，又不损害后代人满足其自身需求的能力的发展。A(recycle)纸张、塑料和玻璃都可以回收利用。D(technology)技术创新对于寻找解决环境问题的方案至关重要。二、根据汉语提示完成句子，每空一词:carbonneutral(碳中和是一个固定短语)recycle,waste(动词recycle对应回收利用，名词waste对应废旧物品)Greenbuildings(绿色建筑是一个固定短语)pollution(pollution是不可数名词)agriculture(agriculture是不可数名词)三、翻译句子:Weneedtodevelopnewtechnologiestotackleclimatechange.(technology与climatechange的搭配)Reducingourcarbonfootprintisessentialforprotectingtheenvironment.(carbonfootprint与environment的搭配)Thecirculareconomyhelpstoreducewasteandconserveresources.(circulareconomy,waste,resource的搭配)Manydevelopingcountrieslacktheresourcestoaccesscleandrinkingwater.(developingcountries与resource的搭配)Weshouldalltakeactiontoprotectourplanet.(planet是名词，无需改变形式)四、阅读理解篇章一：发展绿色低碳经济(GreenandLow-carbonDevelopment)答案:BCCCB解析:B文章主要探讨发展绿色低碳经济的重要性及其带来的好处，同时也提及了转型过程中面临的挑战。(原文定位：文章开头提到"Thepursuitofagreenandlow-carboneconomyhasbecomeaglobalimperative..."以及第三段"...thebenefitsofagreenandlow-carboneconomyaremanifold.")C文章明确指出政府在制定政策框架、激励绿色投资和促进国际合作方面发挥着关键作用。(原文定位:第二段第一句"Governmentsplayacrucialroleinsettingpolicyframeworks,incentivizinggreeninvestments,andfosteringinternationalcooperation.")C文章列举了绿色低碳经济带来的多方面好处，包括减少温室气体排放、节约自然资源、减轻污染、促进经济增长和增强社会公平，但并未提及增加对化石燃料的依赖。(原文定位:第三段"...Itpromotesenvironmentalsustainabilitybyreducinggreenhousegasemissions,conservingnaturalresources,andmitigatingpollution.Itfosterseconomicgrowthbycreatingnewindustriesandjobs...Moreover,itenhancessocialequity...")C文章指出，放弃化石