考点谓语动词省公开课一等奖全国示范课微课金奖

考点6:谓语动词1/62真题再练在以下各句空白处填入所给词正确形式，并说明理由。1.(卷I·61)ItwasraininglightlywhenI_________(arrive)inYangshuojustbeforedawn.ButIdidn’tcare.由主句谓语动词“wasraining”和后句谓语动词“didn’tcare”可知，arrive应用普通过去时。句意是“当我们在天亮前抵达阳朔时，正在下着小雨”。arrived2/622.(卷I·67)Yangshuo_____(be)reallybeautiful.AstudyoftravelersconductedbythewebsiteTripAdvisornamesYangshuoasoneofthetop10destinationsintheworld.指当前状态或客观存在状态，用普通现在时，下句谓语动词names是普通现在时，也有提醒作用；主语Yangshuo是第三人称单数，故填is。is3/623.(卷II·68)Atthesametime,theywarmupagainforthenight.Thiscycle_____(go)dayafterday.Thewallswarmupduringthedayandcooloffduringthenightandthusalwaysatimelyoffset(抵消)fortheoutsidetemperatures.因上句谓语动词“warmup”与下句中谓语动词“warmup”和“cooloff”都是普通现在时，故此处go也用普通现在时才能保持时态一致；主语Thiscycle是第三人称单数，故填goes。goes4/624.(卷I·61)In1969,thepollutionwasterriblealongtheCuyahogaRivernearCleveland,Ohio.It____(be)unimaginablethatitcouldeverbecleanedup.指1969年情况，用普通过去时，上下句谓语动词时态(was,could)也提醒我们用普通过去时，指当初无法想象；又因主语It是第三人称单数，故填was。was5/625.(卷II·45)Aboyonabike________(catch)myattention.Hewasridingbesidethebusandwavinghisarms.在句中作谓语，考虑时态和语态；aboy与catch是主动关系，又由语境(如wasriding)可知用普通过去时，故填caught。caught6/626.(样卷·1)Mum:(puttingonhercoat)I’mgoingtohavetogodowntotheshopformorebread.Alan:Why?Mum:I’mnotsurewhat_________(happen).ImadesomesandwichesearlierandleftthemonthetablewhenIwenttoanswerthephone.Butsomeonemusthavetakenthembecausethey’regone.在宾语从句中，what是主语，happen应为谓语动词，故要考虑其时态；从下文made,left,went,musthavetaken(一定已拿走)等可知，用普通过去时。happened7/627.(样卷·9)Alan:(openingthefridgedoor)Well,itwasn’tme.ButMum,look!Aretheseyoursandwicheshereonthebottomshelfofthefridge?Mum:Aretheythere?Oh,mygoodness.I____________(put)themtherewhenthephonerang.从语境中可知，意思是“我一定是在电话铃响时把它们放进那里了”，对过去情况推测，表示“一定已经”，用“musthavedone”。(注：像此题这么需要考生依据上下文语气增加情态动词且用完成式这种复杂形式，在高考语法填空中考查可能性极小)musthaveput8/62思绪点拨当句中缺乏谓语动词时，括号中动词就是谓语动词。此时要考虑时态、语态、语气、主谓一致等四个方面。1.时态确定时态四条依据：(1)依据上下文时态一致。看上下文谓语动词是什么时态(过去/现在/未来)，空格要填动词时态普通应与上下文时态一致。这是高考语法填空中确定时态最主要依据(如上述真题3和4)但需注意：客观事实或真理可能时态不一致；直接引语时态会与引号外时态不一致。9/62(2)依据并列谓语动词时态一致。如：(广东卷)Whilemakinggreateffortstorunaway,she_____(fall)overthehillanddied.

解析：由anddied可知，与之并列fall也用普通过去时，故填fell。fell10/62(3)依据时间状语。如recently,sofar,uptonow,uptothepresent,inthepastfewyears常与现在完成时连用；bytheendof,since1980,forthreeyears常与完成时连用。(4)依据固定句式。请熟读以下句式并体会句中时态。ThisisthesecondtimethatIhavespokentoaforeigner.这是我第二次同外国人讲话。11/62ItwasthesecondtimethatIhadspokentoaforeigner.这是我第二次同外国人讲话。HardlyhadIgotonthebuswhenitstartedtomove.我一上公交车，就开动了。Ihadnosoonerlaindownthanthetelephonerang.我刚躺下，电话铃就响了。12/62Iwasdoingmyhomeworkwhenshesuddenlywalkedin.我正在做作业，突然她走了进来。Iwasabouttodomyhomeworkwhenshesuddenlywalkedin.我正要做作业，突然她走了进来。Iwasonthepointofgoingoutwhenthephonerang.我正要出去，电话响了。13/622.语态主语是谓语动词执行者，即谓语动词与主语在逻辑上是主动关系，用主动语态；主语是谓语动词承受者，即谓语动词与主语在逻辑上是动宾关系，用被动语态。如：14/62(广东卷)…butthemanatthefrontdesksaidtherehadbeenamistake.We__________(tell)thatourroomshadn’tbeenreservedforthatweek…解析：句中tell(告诉)后没有sb.(人)作宾语，由tellsb.sth.这一句型可知，要用被动语态；又由上下文时态可知，用普通过去时；主语是we，组成被动语态be用were，故填weretold。weretold15/623.语气是否用虚拟语气，主要由一些特殊词或句式来决定，详见考点归纳。如：(广东卷)Marywillneverforgetthefirsttimeshesawhim.Hesuddenlyappearedinclassoneday,wearingsunglasses.Hewalkedinasifhe_____________(buy)theschool.AndthewordquicklygotaroundthathewasfromNewYorkCity.hadbought16/62解析：因buy在主格人称代词he后,显然是作谓语;又由语境可知，他不是真买下了这个学校,只是他走进来时那种气势好像是买下了这所学校一样，故应用虚拟语气，与过去事实相反，故填hadbought。17/624.主谓一致普通来说，主语是单数，谓语动词用单数;主语是复数，谓语动词用复数。以上［真题再练］第2,3,4题都包括主谓一致。又如：(广东卷)Beingtooanxioustohelpaneventdevelopoften_______(result)inthecontrarytoourintention.解析：句中Beingtooanxioustohelpaneventdevelop是动名词短语作主语，result应是谓语动词；“急于求成，往往会事与愿违”是客观真理，应该用普通现在时；动名词短语作主语，谓语用第三人称单数形式，故填results。results18/62考点归纳谓语动词包括时态、语态、语气、主谓一致等四个考点。以下重点提醒其中两个。1.时态尽管课标或考纲中列出了10种时态，但近两年全国卷和九年广东卷高考真题只考查了普通现在时和普通过去时两种时态。19/62现在时态组成(以do为例) 过去时态组成(以do为例) 注意改变普通未来时willdo过去未来时woulddowill→would普通现在时do/does普经过去时diddo/does→did尽管如此，以下8种时态基本使用方法和组成还是应掌握：20/62现在时态组成(以do为例)过去时态组成(以do为例)注意改变现在进行时am/is/aredoing过去进行时was/weredoingam/is/are→was/were现在完成时have/hasdone过去完成时haddonehave/has→had21/622.语气掌握以下两类八条。类别编号详细情况(烂记于心)经典例句(熟读背诵)过去式1if引导虚拟条件句IfIwereyou,Ishouldtakemytime.假如我是你，我就不着急。2without,butfor,otherwise等引出含蓄虚拟条件ButforyourhelpIwouldhavefallenintheexam.要不是有你帮助，我这次考试就过不了关。22/62类别编号详细情况(烂记于心)经典例句(熟读背诵)过去式3wish后宾语从句IwishIhadahouseinGuangzhou,butIcan’taffordone.我多希望在广州有房，可是我买不起。4ifonly后句子IfonlyIwererich.要是我很富有，多好呀！23/62类别编号详细情况(烂记于心)经典例句(熟读背诵)过去式5wouldrather后句子I’dratheryouhadn’tsaidthat.我真希望你没有那样说过。6asif/though后句子(可能用)Mr.Li,myEnglishteacher,treatsmeasifIwerehisownson.英语老师李老师像对待他儿子般对待我。24/62(should+)动词原形1(10个词)一个“坚持(insist)”Iinsistthatshe(should)cometomorrow.我坚持要求她明天来。二个“命令(order,command)”Hegaveordersthattheworkshouldbestartedimmediately.他发出指示要马上开始工作。25/62(should+)动词原形1(10个词)三个“提议(advise,suggest,recommend)”Irecommendedthathe(should)seealawyer.我曾提议他去咨询律师。四个“要求(ask,request,require,demand)”Sheaskedthatshe(should)bekeptinformedofdevelopments.她要求通知进展情况。26/62(should+)动词原形2Itisnecessary/natural/important/strangethat…Itisnecessarythathecometotheoffice.他有必要到办公室来。

27/62考点练透1.(广东卷)Hesoldorexchangedsomeofthemilkinthetownsnearbyforotherfoodandmadecheeseandbutterforthefamilywithwhat________(leave).介词with后应是宾语从句，连接代词what=themilkthat，意为“(除了用于换其它食物牛奶后)剩下牛奶”；因what与leave(剩下)是被动关系，用被动语态；上下文都是过去时，也用普通过去时；what作主语，用第三人称单数，故填wasleft。wasleft28/622.(广东卷)Suddenly,he______(find)thathehadrunoutofsalt.SoNickcalledtohisson,“Gotothevillageandbuysomesalt…”在主格人称代词he后，that引导宾语从句之前，find应是谓语动词；由下文called可判断find用普通过去时，故填found。found29/623.(广东卷)Inoticedamansittingatthefront.He____________(pretend)thatatigertoywasrealandgivingitavoice.在主语He后，pretend显然是谓语动词；givingit(thetiger)avoice主语应该是He,所以，andgiving与谓语动词是并列关系；由此推断,谓语动词应是过去进行时,故填waspretending。waspretending30/624.(广东卷)Afterafour-dayjourney,theyoungman___________(present)thewatertotheoldman.Histeachertookadeepdrink…动词present(赠予)在主语theyoungman后，应是谓语动词；由语境及上下文谓语动词时态可知，用普通过去时，故填presented。presented31/625.(广东卷)…peoplesteppedonyourfeetor________(push)youwiththeirelbows(肘部),hurryingaheadtogettoabargain.因主语people与push是主动关系，用主动语态；又由并列连词or可知，push与stepped应为并列谓语，时态要一致；stepped是普通过去时，push也应是普通过去时，故填pushed。pushed32/626.(广东卷)“Yourfatherhasatlastdecidedtostopsmoking,”Jane_______________(inform).因inform在主语Jane后作谓语，Jane与inform是被动关系，又是普通过去时，所以用普通过去时被动语态，故填wasinformed。wasinformed33/627.(广东卷)IwasonmywaytotheTaiyetosMountains.Thesunwassettingwhenmycar______(break)downneararemotevillage.在when后分句中，mycar是主语，其后break应为谓语动词；由全文可知，这是叙述过去经历，应用普通过去时；再说was/weredoing…when…did…是一个固定句型，when后面句子谓语用普通过去时，表示“正在做某事，就在这个时候突然发生了另外一事”，故填broke。broke34/628.Insteadoflookingatthesituationfromthishopelessangle,______(look)ateverythingyoustillhaveandbethankfulforallofthegoodinyourlife.由andbe可知与之并列be是原形，由此可想到look也用原形，是祈使句句型。look35/629.Inthelastfewyears,China__________(make)greatachievementsinenvironmentalprotection.由Inthelastfewyears可知用现在完成时。10.I__________(hear)nothingfromhimuptonow.由uptonow可知用现在完成时。hasmadehaveheard36/6211.Hewasabouttotellmethesecretwhensomeone______(pat)himontheshoulder.由was/wereabouttodosth.whensb.did固定句型可知,when后句子用普通过去时。12.He____________(think)abouttheproblemwhenanapplefelltotheground.由was/weredoingsth.whensb.did固定句型可知。pattedwasthinking37/6213.Thisisthefirsttimethatourwholeclass__________(go)outtogetherforapicnic.在This/Itisthefirsttimethat…句型中，that后谓语动词用现在完成时。havegone38/6214.Therewasaknockatthedoor.Itwasthesecondtimesomeone_____________(interrupt)methatevening.在It/Thiswasthesecondtime(that)…句型中，that从句谓语动词用过去完成时。hadinterrupted39/6215.Hardlyhadthegamebegunwhenit________(start)raining.由Hardly…when…句型可知，前面多用过去完成时，when后谓语动词惯用普通过去时。started40/6216.Itisreportedthataspacestation__________(build)onthemooninyearstocome.因aspacestation与build之间是被动关系,要用被动语态；又由“inyearstocome(未来几年内)”可知用未来时，所以，用普通未来时被动语态。句意：据报道,一个空间站将在未来几年内在月球上建成。builtwillbe

41/6217.Asyougothroughthisbook,you__________(find)thateachofthemillionsofpeoplewholivedthroughWorldWarⅡhadadifferentexperience.句中as引导是时间状语从句,从句中用普通现在时代替普通未来时,所以主句需用普通未来时。句意：当你读这本书时,你就会发觉那些经历过第二次世界大战数百万人中每一个人都有不一样经历。findwill42/6218.Whatevershe_____(say)willnotmakeanydifferencetoourarrangements.句意：不论她说什么都不会对我们安排有影响。says43/6219.Therealreasonwhyprices_____(be),andstillare,toohighiscomplex,andnoshortdiscussioncansatisfactorilyexplainthisproblem.依据空格后面andstillare(而且现在依然是)判断,前面是指物价过去情况,应用普通过去时。句意：物价过去很高,现在依然居高不下,其真正原因是复杂,不是两三句话能圆满解释。were44/6220.IfonlyI_____________(listen)tomyparentsatthattime!Butit’stoolatenow.因ifonly(希望，要是……就好了)与wish意义和使用方法相同，后面句子要用虚拟语气，由atthattime可知是与过去事实相反情况，故用过去完成时，填hadlistened。hadlistened45/6221.IfonlyI________(can)playthepianoaswellasLangLang.因ifonly后面句子要用虚拟语气，由句意可知是与现在事实相反情况，故用普通过去时，表示能力can过去时形式是could。could46/6222.IwishI_________(fly)freelyintheskylikeabird.因wish后宾语从句用虚拟语气，从句意来看，是与现在事实相反情况，“像鸟一样在蓝天翱翔”应是强调具备这种能力，故填couldfly(能飞)。couldfly47/6223.Butforyourhelpwe_______________(be)late.由butfor(假如没有，要不是)可知要用虚拟语气，由句意可知是与过去事实相反情况，故填wouldhavebeen。wouldhavebeen48/6224.TheGadflyinsistedthatthework_________________(finish)bythemiddleofJune.句中insisted作“坚持/果断要求”，其后宾语从句谓语用“(should+)动词原形”；又因“工作”与“完成”是被动关系，要用被动语态，故填(should)befinished。

(should)befinished49/6225.Heinsistedthathe_____(be)notill,butthedoctorinsistedthathe______________(take)themedicine.第一个insisted意为“坚持说，果断认为(是怎么回事)”，其宾语从句谓语不用虚拟语气，故填was；第二个insisted意为“坚持要求(要/该做某事)”，其宾语从句谓语要用虚拟语气，故填(should)take。was(should)take50/6226.Iorderedthatthegate_________________(lock).因order(命令，指示)后宾语从句谓语要用虚拟语气，且thegate与lock是被动关系，故填(should)belocked。(should)belocked51/6227.Alightedsigncommandedthatseatbelts___________________(fasten).由commanded可知，其后宾语从句谓语要用(should+)动词原形，又因seatbelts(安全带)与fasten(系)是被动关系,故填(should)befastened。(should)befastened52/6228.Herpalefacesuggestedthatshe____(be)illandhermothersuggestedshe___________(see)adoctor.因第一个suggest意为“显示，表明(=show)”,其后宾语从句不用虚拟语气,故填was；第二个suggest意为“提议”,其后宾语从句谓语要用(should+)动词原形，故填(should)see。

was(should)see53/6229.Theyadvisethatapassport_______________(carry)withyouatalltimes.因advise后从句谓语要用(should+)动语原形，且apassport(护照)与carry(携带)是被动关系，故填(should)becarried。

(should)be

carried54/6230.Sherequestedthatno