【英语】陕西省榆林市2023-2024学年高三下学期二模试题(解析版)

陕西省榆林市2023-2024学年高三下学期二模英语试题第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)略第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AHerearesomefreeappsyou’llwanttoconsiderdownloading.PocketCastsPocketCastsisanappworthcheckingoutifyoulistentopodcasts(播客)andwanttodiscovergreatpodcastsandeasilymanageyourlibrary.Browse(浏览)podcastsbycharts,networks,andcategories,andthenaddtheonesyouliketoplayepisodesontheflyandcreateyourownplaybackqueue.DuolingoDuolingooffersavarietyofinteractivecoursesinover30languages,fromSpanishtoChinese.Theapppersonalizesyourlearningexperience,adjuststoyourskilllevel,andprovidesexercisesacrossspeaking,listening,reading,andwriting.WithDuolingo,youcantrackyourprogress,setdailygoals,andjoinacommunityoflearners.It’sidealforanyonelookingtopickupanewlanguageorimprovetheirskills.ZedgeZedgeistheappyou’llwanttousetopersonalizeyourdevice’sringtones,notifications,andalarmsounds.Theappoffersthousandsofhigh-qualitysoundsthatarefreeandeasytodownload.Browsethroughthecategoriesorusethesearchfunctiontolookforaspecificsound.Youcansetacustom(定制的)ringtoneforeachpersoninyourcontactlist,soyoualwaysknowwho’scalling.RemindeeEverfindyourselfbrowsingthroughanapp,onlytoseesomethingyouneedtoremindyourselfoflater?Remindeeisasimpleappthatletsyoucreateremindersfromanywherewithinyourdevice,nomatterwhatappyou’recurrentlybrowsing.JusttapthesharebuttonandthentaptheRemindMeoptiontocreateareminder.Setthedateandtimeyouwantforyourreminder,andyou’refinished.1.WhatcanyoudowithDuolingo?A.Learnanewlanguagewithdiverseexercises.B.Orderfoodfrominternationalrestaurants.C.Playvideogamesinmultiplelanguages.D.Translatedocumentsprofessionally.2.WhomaybeinterestedinZedge?A.Chefslookingfornewrecipes.B.Peoplewantingtolearnnewlanguages.C.Usersseekingtocustomizedevicesounds.D.Travelerssearchingfortheirownreminders.3.Ifyouwanttolookbackatwhatyou’vebrowsed,whichappisbestforyou?A.PocketCasts. B.Duolingo.C.Zedge. D.Remindee.【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了几款实用的应用程序。【答案】1.A2.C3.D【1题详解】细节理解题。根据Duolingo中“Duolingooffersavarietyofinteractivecoursesinover30languages,fromSpanishtoChinese.Theapppersonalizesyourlearningexperience,adjuststoyourskilllevel,andprovidesexercisesacrossspeaking,listening,reading,andwriting.WithDuolingo,youcantrackyourprogress,setdailygoals,andjoinacommunityoflearners.It’sidealforanyonelookingtopickupanewlanguageorimprovetheirskills.”（Duolingo提供从西班牙语到汉语等30多种语言的互动课程。这款应用可以个性化你的学习体验，根据你的技能水平进行调整，并提供说、听、读、写方面的练习。使用Duolingo，你可以跟踪你的进度，设定每日目标，并加入学习者社区。对于任何想要学习一门新语言或提高技能的人来说，这是理想的选择。）可知，你可以用Duolingo通过多样的练习来学习一门新语言。故选A项。【2题详解】推理判断题。根据Zedge中“Zedgeistheappyou’llwanttousetopersonalizeyourdevice’sringtones,notifications,andalarmsounds.”（Zedge是一款应用程序，你可以用它来个性化你的设备的铃声、通知和闹钟声音。）以及“Youcansetacustom(定制的)ringtoneforeachpersoninyourcontactlist,soyoualwaysknowwho’scalling.”（您可以为联系人列表中的每个人设置自定义铃声，这样您就可以随时知道谁在打电话。）可推知，寻求自定义设备声音的用户可能对Zedge感兴趣。故选C项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据Remindee中“Everfindyourselfbrowsingthroughanapp,onlytoseesomethingyouneedtoremindyourselfoflater?Remindeeisasimpleappthatletsyoucreateremindersfromanywherewithinyourdevice,nomatterwhatappyou’recurrentlybrowsing.”（有没有发现自己在浏览一个应用程序时，却看到一些需要稍后提醒自己的东西？Remindee是一款简单的应用程序，可以让你在设备的任何地方创建提醒，无论你目前正在浏览什么应用程序。）可知，如果你想回顾一下你浏览过的内容，Remindee这个应用程序最适合你。故选D项。BIfthere’sonethingI’verealizedsincebecomingamalecollegestudent,it’sthatfindingasummerjobisnearlyimpossible.I’veappliedtosomanyplacesandI’veexperiencedsomanyinterviews,butIalwayseithergetstraight-uprefusalorneverhearfromthecompanyagain.Onetime,Ievencalledoneofthecompaniesmultipletimes,butthemanageravoidedme.Iwasclosetogivingup.IfeltlikeIwastheonlyonestrugglinghard.Ihadaprettygoodresume,andIalwaysdressednicelyformyinterviews,sowhycouldn’tIgetajob?Well,thereasonisactuallyrightinfrontofme—Iamastudent.Companiesgenerallywantstudentswhocanworkallyearlong,butmostofthemaren’twillingtobeflexiblewithschedules.Icouldn’ttellyouhowmanytimesinterviewerstoldmethattheywerelookingforsomeonepermanent.Itriedlookingforjobsmarkedastemporaryones.AndIevenoncetriedtoapplythroughatemporaryagency.Butitdidn’twork.EvenifIwantedtoworkduringtheschoolyear,noneofthecompanieswantedtohiremebecauseofmylimitedweekdayavailability.AnddespitenotknowingifIcouldjuggle(尽量兼顾)bothschoolandajob,IevenstartedtotellinterviewersthatIwouldliketoworkduringtheschoolyearandgiveupmyweekends.ButIhadnoluck.I’mnotsureifthereareotherslikemeoutthere.Butifyouaregoingthroughsomethingsimilar,whatIwanttotellyouistokeepontrying.Despitebeingrejectedsomanytimes,IstillappliedforanyjobthatIwasqualifiedfor.Ievenstartedmyjobsearchbeforethesemesterendedtogetahead.Eventually,Igotmyidealsummerjob.Iknowit’sfrustrating,andyoumayfeellikeyou’vetriedeverything—that’showI’vefeltforalongtime.Andnow,withcompaniesrequiringyearsofexperience,it’sevenhardertogetajobifyou’resomeonelikeme.Butdon’tgiveup.Keepsearchingandapplying,signupforsitesthatsendyoujoboffersandlookontheuniversity’swebsiteforon-campusjobs.4.Whatdoestheauthorwanttoconveyinparagraph2?A.Hisbrilliantacademicrecords.B.Thecauseofhisunemployment.C.Hisjoblessconfusioninsummer.D.Thesocialprejudicetograduates.5.Whydidthetemporaryagencyfailtheauthor?A.Hewastroubledwithschoolwork.B.Hewasthoughttohavetightworktime.C.Hewasunwillingtobalancestudyandwork.D.Hewasregardedasaninexperiencedstudent.6.Whatcanbeconcludedfromparagraph5?A.Wellbegunishalfdone.B.Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.C.Everythingcomestohimwhowaits.D.AllworkandnoplaymakesJackadullboy.7.Whatistheauthor’smainpurposeinwritingthelastparagraph?A.Togiveadvice. B.Tocorrectanerror.C.Tocompareoccupations. D.Torecallregrettableexperiences.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者作为一名大学生找暑期工作频频受挫，但他没有放弃，最终找到了理想的暑期工作。【答案】4.C5.B6.C7.A【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Onetime,Ievencalledoneofthecompaniesmultipletimes,butthemanageravoidedme.Iwasclosetogivingup．IfeltlikeIwastheonlyonestrugglinghard.Ihadaprettygoodresume,andIalwaysdressednicelyformyinterviews,sowhycouldn’tIgetajob?(有一次，我甚至多次给其中一家公司打电话，但经理没有见我。我几乎要放弃了。我觉得只有我一个人在苦苦挣扎。我有一份很好的简历，面试时我总是穿着得体，所以为什么我找不到工作呢？)”可知，作者想在第2段中表达他失业时的困惑。故选C。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“EvenifIwantedtoworkduringtheschoolyear,noneofthecompanieswantedtohiremebecauseofmylimitedweekdayavailability.AnddespitenotknowingifIcouldjuggle(尽量兼顾)bothschoolandajob,IevenstartedtotellinterviewersthatIwouldliketoworkduringtheschoolyearandgiveupmyweekends.ButIhadnoluck.(即使我想在学年期间工作，也没有一家公司愿意雇佣我，因为我工作日的可用性有限。尽管我不知道自己是否能兼顾学校和工作，但我甚至开始告诉面试官，我想在学年工作，放弃周末。但我没有运气。)”可知，临时代理机构不愿意接纳作者是因为他们认为他工作时间很紧。故选B。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段中的“Despitebeingrejectedsomanytimes,IstillappliedforanyjobthatIwasqualifiedfor.Ievenstartedmyjobsearchbeforethesemesterendedtogetahead.Eventually,Igotmyidealsummerjob.(尽管被拒绝了很多次，我仍然申请了任何我有资格的工作。我甚至在学期结束前就开始找工作，最终找到了理想的暑期工作。)”可知，只要一个人愿意等待，事情必将会发生。故选C。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Butdon’tgiveup.Keepsearchingandapplying,signupforsitesthatsendyoujoboffersandlookontheuniversity’swebsiteforon-campusjobs.(但不要放弃。继续搜索和申请，注册向你发送工作邀请的网站，并在大学网站上寻找校内工作。)”可知，作者写最后一段的主要目的是提供建议。故选A。CClimatechangeiscausingmoreareastoturnintodeserts.Thisissueisaffectingthelivesof250millionpeopleaslandthatusedtobegoodforfarmingbecomesdryandunproductive.Aroundone-thirdoftheworld’slandisimpacted,includingregionsinAfrica,southernEurope,AsiaandAmerica.SandtoGreenisaMoroccancompanythatcantransformapatchofdesertintoasustainable(可持续的)andprofitableplantationinfiveyears,accordingtoWissalBenMoussa,itsco-founderandchiefagriculturalofficer.Thesolutionisusingagroforestry(农林业)tocreateanewkindofagriculturethatissustainableandthatcanberesilient(有适应力的)infrontofclimatechange.Thesystemcanbesetupclosetoanysourceofsaltywater,whichSandtoGreencleansusingenergyfromthesun.Itthengrowsdifferenttypesoffruittreesandplantstogetherinthesamearea—amethodcalledmixedplanting—andwaterstheplants’rootsdirectlywiththecleanedwater,toreducewaterlosstotheair.ThesoilisregeneratedusingwhatSandtoGreencalls“greenmanure”,amixturethatincludescompost,biochar(生物炭)andmicroorganismsthathelpthesoil“wakeup”.Biocharisaformofcharcoalthatcanhelpdrysoilholdontowater.Inafive-hectaretrialinsouthernMoroccothat’sbeenrunningsince2017,SandtoGreenhastriedoutavarietyofplantsinsearchofthebestperformers.Amongtheintercroppingherbs(草本植物)thathavebeensuccessfullytrialedarerosemary,geranium,vetiverandcitronella,whichBenMoussadescribesas“verylow-maintenanceandveryhigh-profit”.SandtoGreenisnowworkingtoscaleuptoa20-hectarecommercialsite,alsoinsouthernMorocco.Itsaysasiteofthatsizewouldcostaround$475,000tosetupandwouldstartbringingfinancialreturnsinaboutfiveyears.AccordingtoBenMoussa,withthissystemtheycreatebiodiversity,whichmeansbettersoil,healthiercropsandabiggeryield.Theplantationcangenerate1.5timesmoreyield,thusmakingmoremoneythanafarmthatgrowsonlyonetypeofcropinthesamespace.8.Whatphenomenondoestheauthordescribeinparagraph1?A.Deforestation. B.Desertification.C.Globalwarming. D.Urbanization.9.WhydidSandtoGreenuseagroforestry?A.Topreservethecrop’ssurvivalrate.B.Toprotectwaterfrompollution.C.Tomakeanewtypeofsoil.D.Tohelppeopleadapttoclimatechange.10.WhatcanwelearnaboutSandtoGreen?A.Itaimstoplantmoretrees.B.Itearnsagoodreputation.C.Itdevelopsnewplants.D.Itproducesgoodresults.11.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“scaleup”meaninparagraph5?A.Expand. B.Object. C.Refer. D.Prefer.【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了气候变化导致越来越多的地区变成沙漠。这一问题正在影响2.5亿人的生活，因为过去适合耕种的土地变得干旱和贫瘠。摩洛哥的一家公司可以在五年内将一片沙漠变成一个可持续的、有利可图的种植园。【答案】8.B9.A10.D11.A【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Climatechangeiscausingmoreareastoturnintodeserts.Thisissueisaffectingthelivesof250millionpeopleaslandthatusedtobegoodforfarmingbecomesdryandunproductive.Aroundone-thirdoftheworld’slandisimpacted,includingregionsinAfrica,southernEurope,AsiaandAmerica.”（气候变化导致越来越多的地区变成沙漠。这一问题正在影响2.5亿人的生活，因为过去适合耕种的土地变得干旱和贫瘠。全球约三分之一的土地受到影响，包括非洲、南欧、亚洲和美洲地区。）可知，作者在第一段描述了沙漠化的现象。故选B项。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Thesolutionisusingagroforestry(农林业)tocreateanewkindofagriculturethatissustainableandthatcanberesilient(有适应力的)infrontofclimatechange.”（解决方案是利用农林业来创造一种可持续的新型农业，这种农业可以在气候变化面前具有弹性。）以及第三段中“ThesoilisregeneratedusingwhatSandtoGreencalls“greenmanure”,amixturethatincludescompost,biochar(生物炭)andmicroorganismsthathelpthesoil“wakeup”.”（土壤的再生使用“从沙到绿”所谓的“绿肥”，这是一种混合物，包括堆肥、生物炭和微生物，可以帮助土壤“苏醒”。）可知，沙改绿采用农林业是因为可以保持作物的存活率。故选A项。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中“Amongtheintercroppingherbs(草本植物)thathavebeensuccessfullytrialedarerosemary,geranium,vetiverandcitronella,whichBenMoussadescribesas“verylow-maintenanceandveryhigh-profit”.”（在已成功试验的间作草药中，有迷迭香、天竺葵、香根草和香茅，本·穆萨称这些草药“维护成本低，利润高”。）可推知，从沙到绿，我们能了解到它产生了良好的效果。故选D项。【11题详解】词义猜测题。根据第五段中“Itsaysasiteofthatsizewouldcostaround$475,000tosetupandwouldstartbringingfinancialreturnsinaboutfiveyears.”（该公司表示，这种规模的网站将花费约47.5万美元来建立，并将在大约五年内开始带来经济回报。）由此可知，此处为“从沙到绿”目前正在努力扩大到20公顷的商业用地。故可猜测划线短语scaleup为“扩大”的意思，结合选项A项Expand“扩大”意思一致。故选A项。DAsugarreplacementcallederythritol(赤藓糖醇)hasbeenlinkedtobloodclotting(血液凝固),stroke,heartattackanddeath,accordingtoanewstudy.“Thedegreeofriskwasnotmodest,”saidleadstudyauthorDr.StanleyHazen.Peoplewithexistingriskfactorsforheartdiseasewillbetwiceaslikelytoexperiencetheriskiftheyhavethehighestlevelsoferythritolintheirblood.Erythritolappearstobecausingbloodplatelets(血小板)toclotmorereadily.Clotscanbreakoffandtraveltotheheartorthebrain,causingaheartattackorastroke.Erythritolisasugaralcohol,acarbfoundnaturallyinmanyfruitsandvegetables.However,artificiallymanufacturedinmassivequantities,erythritolhasbecomeanextremelypopularadditivetolow-carbproducts.Thediscoveryoftheconnectionbetweenerythritolandcardiovascularissueswaspurelyaccidental.Hazen’sresearchhadasimplegoal:findunknownchemicalsorcompoundsinaperson’sblood.Todoso,theteamanalyzed1,157bloodsamples.“Wefoundthissubstancethatseemedtoplayabigrole,butwedidn’tknowitwaserythritol,asweeteneruntillater,”saidHazen.Toconfirmthefindings,theteamtestedanothertwobatchesofbloodsamplesandfoundthathigherlevelsoferythritolwereconnectedtoagreaterriskofheartattack,strokeordeathwithinthreeyears.“Thiscertainlysoundsanalarm,”saidDr.AndrewFreeman,directorofahospitalinDenver.“Scienceneedstotakeadeeperdiveintoerythritolandinahurry,becausethissubstanceiswidelyavailablerightnow.Ifit’sharmful,weshouldknowaboutit.”Hazenagreed,“Inormallydon’tgetuponapedestal(崇高地位)andsoundthealarm,butthisissomethingthatIthinkweneedtobelookingatcarefully.”12.Abouttherisk,whatdoesHazen’swordinparagraph2mean?A.Itisnotworthconsidering. B.Itisremovedbyerythritol.C.Itshouldnotbeunderestimated. D.Itisjustpresentinpeoplewithdisease.13.Whatdoweknowabouterythritol?A.Itsqualityisuncertain. B.Ithasbeenusedwidelyinfood.C.Itismanufacturedbyartists. D.Itmainlyexistsinfruits.14.Whatcanbeconcludedfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A.Erythritolisnotavailabletopeople.B.Hazenlikeswarningpeopleaboutpotentialdangers.C.Peoplehaverealizedthaterythritolisdangerous.D.Furtherresearchshouldbedoneonerythritol.15.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.TheAccidentalDiscoveryofaNewSweetenerB.ThePotentialHealthRisksofErythritolUncoveredC.TheRiseofErythritolasaPopularSugarSubstituteD.TheSurprisingBenefitsofErythritolinDietProducts【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一项新的研究表明，一种名为赤藓糖醇的糖替代品与血液凝固、中风、心脏病发作和死亡有关。【答案】12.C13.B14.D15.B【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段““Thedegreeofriskwasnotmodest,”saidleadstudyauthorDr.StanleyHazen.Peoplewithexistingriskfactorsforheartdiseasewillbetwiceaslikelytoexperiencetheriskiftheyhavethehighestlevelsoferythritolintheirblood.Erythritolappearstobecausingbloodplatelets(血小板)toclotmorereadily.Clotscanbreakoffandtraveltotheheartorthebrain,causingaheartattackorastroke.”（该研究的主要作者斯坦利·哈森博士说：“风险程度并不低。”如果血液中赤藓糖醇的含量达到最高水平，有心脏病风险因素的人患心脏病的可能性会增加一倍。赤藓糖醇似乎能使血小板更容易凝结。血块会破裂并进入心脏或大脑，导致心脏病发作或中风。）可推知，关于风险，哈森在第二段的话是为了表明它不应被低估。故选C项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Erythritolisasugaralcohol,acarbfoundnaturallyinmanyfruitsandvegetables.However,artificiallymanufacturedinmassivequantities,erythritolhasbecomeanextremelypopularadditivetolow-carbproducts.”（赤藓糖醇是一种糖醇，是一种存在于许多水果和蔬菜中的天然碳水化合物。然而，大量人工制造的赤藓糖醇已经成为一种非常受欢迎的低碳水化合物产品添加剂。）可知，赤藓糖醇它被广泛应用于食品中。故选B项。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段““Thiscertainlysoundsanalarm,”saidDr.AndrewFreeman,directorofahospitalinDenver.“Scienceneedstotakeadeeperdiveintoerythritolandinahurry,becausethissubstanceiswidelyavailablerightnow.Ifit’sharmful,weshouldknowaboutit.””（丹佛一家医院的院长安德鲁·弗里曼博士说：“这无疑敲响了警钟。”“科学需要对赤藓糖醇进行更深入的研究，而且要抓紧时间，因为这种物质现在已经广泛存在。如果它有害，我们应该知道它。”）可推知，科学应该对赤藓糖醇进行进一步的研究。故选D项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及第一段“Asugarreplacementcallederythritol(赤藓糖醇)hasbeenlinkedtobloodclotting(血液凝固),stroke,heartattackanddeath,accordingtoanewstudy.”（一项新的研究表明，一种名为赤藓糖醇的糖替代品与血液凝固、中风、心脏病发作和死亡有关。）可知，文章主要讲的是研究表明，一种名为赤藓糖醇的糖替代品与血液凝固、中风、心脏病发作和死亡有关。故文章最好的标题是“发现赤藓糖醇的潜在健康风险”。故选B项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。HowtoBeFunny?Humorcanhelpyouconnectwithotherpeopleandmakeunpleasantsituationsalittlemorebearable.____16____Butit’snotthathardonceyoutapintoyourinnersenseofhumor.Evenifyoudon’tthinkyou’renaturallyfunny,therearethingsyoucandotomakeyourselfandotherpeoplelaugh.Learnfromfunnypeople.Youcanexpandyourreachagooddealbylisteningtootherfunnypeople.Whetherthey’reprofessionalcomedians,yourparents,yourkids,oryourboss,learningfromthefunnypeopleinyourlifeisakeysteptowardsbeingafunnyperson.____17____Lookforwhatyouadmiremostinthesepeople.Broadenyourfactualknowledgeforjokematerial.____18____Theymaybeyouramazingknowledgeof17th-centurypoetry,yourfamiliaritywithfishingtripsthatwentwrong,etc.Whateverthematerialis,itneedstoresonate(引起共鸣)withyouraudience.____19____Beingfunnydoesn’tcomeinaone-size-fits-allpackage.Whatmakesyoufunnyisuniquetoyouandthewayyouobservetheworld.Trustthatyoudohaveafunnybone;asbabies,welaughfromfourmonthsofage,andallchildrenexpresshumornaturallyfromthekindergartenage,usinghumortoentertainthemselvesandothers.It’salreadyinyou.Youjustneedtobringitout!Read,read,read.Getyourhandsoneverythingthatisfunny,andconsumeitlikeyourmomtoldyounotto.Chemistsbecomechemistsbyreadingandpracticingchemistry.Sportswritersbecomesportswritersbyreadingandwritingaboutsports.____20____A.Strikewhiletheironishot.B.Trustinyourinnersenseofhumor.C.Observethefunnierthingsthesepeoplesayordo.D.Beingfunnymightseemtotakeagreatdealofwork.E.It’smucheasiertofindfunnymomentsinfamiliarmaterial.F.You’llbecomeahumorouspersonbyreadingandpracticingjokes.G.Thebetteryouknowsomeone,theeasieritwillbetomakethemlaugh.【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了如何变得幽默的几种方法。【答案】16.D17.C18.E19.B20.F【16题详解】根据上文“Humorcanhelpyouconnectwithotherpeopleandmakeunpleasantsituationsalittlemorebearable.”（幽默可以帮助你与他人建立联系，让不愉快的情况变得更容易忍受。）引出话题，提到幽默可以帮助你与他人建立联系。以及下文“Butit’snotthathardonceyoutapintoyourinnersenseofhumor.”（但是一旦你挖掘了你内心的幽默感，这就不是那么难了。）提到一旦你挖掘了你内心的幽默感，幽默就很容易了。结合选项D项Beingfunnymightseemtotakeagreatdealofwork.（变得有趣似乎需要大量的工作。）表明幽默有可能是困难的，与下文形成转折，语意连贯。故选D项。【17题详解】根据上文“Whetherthey’reprofessionalcomedians,yourparents,yourkids,oryourboss,learningfromthefunnypeopleinyourlifeisakeysteptowardsbeingafunnyperson.”（无论他们是专业的喜剧演员，你的父母，你的孩子，还是你的老板，向生活中有趣的人学习是成为一个有趣的人的关键一步。）可知，讲的是向生活中有趣的人学习是成为一个有趣的人的关键一步。结合选项C项Observethefunnierthingsthesepeoplesayordo.（观察这些人说或做的有趣的事情。）可知，承接上文内容，为对上文内容的语意递进，thesepeople指代上文替代的人。故选C项。【18题详解】根据该段标题“Broadenyourfactualknowledgeforjokematerial.”（拓宽你的笑话材料的事实知识。）以及下文“Theymaybeyouramazingknowledgeof17th-centurypoetry,yourfamiliaritywithfishingtripsthatwentwrong,etc.”（他们可能是你对17世纪诗歌的惊人知识，你对出错的钓鱼之旅的熟悉，等等。）具体说明在熟悉的素材中找到有趣的时刻的例子。结合选项E项It’smucheasiertofindfunnymomentsinfamiliarmaterial.（在熟悉的素材中找到有趣的时刻要容易得多。）可知，和上下文内容紧密连接，同时呼应标题，符合语境。故选E项。【19题详解】由该题为段落小标题可知，为总结该段内容。该段下文“Beingfunnydoesn’tcomeinaone-size-fits-allpackage.Whatmakesyoufunnyisuniquetoyouandthewayyouobservetheworld.Trustthatyoudohaveafunnybone;asbabies,welaughfromfourmonthsofage,andallchildrenexpresshumornaturallyfromthekindergartenage,usinghumortoentertainthemselvesandothers.”（有趣并不是一个放之四海而皆准的东西。让你有趣的是你和你观察世界的方式。相信自己有一根幽默的骨头；作为婴儿，我们从四个月大的时候就会笑，所有的孩子从幼儿园开始就自然地表达幽默，用幽默来娱乐自己和他人。）可知，讲的是我们本身就是一个幽默的人。结合选项B项Trustinyourinnersenseofhumor.（相信你内心的幽默感。）意思一致，为总结该段内容。故选B项。【20题详解】根据上文“Chemistsbecomechemistsbyreadingandpracticingchemistry.Sportswritersbecomesportswritersbyreadingandwritingaboutsports.”（化学家通过阅读和实践化学而成为化学家。体育作家通过阅读和撰写体育新闻而成为体育作家。）为举例说明通过实践和练习来达到你的目的。结合选项F项You’llbecomeahumorouspersonbyreadingandpracticingjokes.（通过阅读和练习笑话，你会成为一个幽默的人。）可知，同样也是说明此观点，上下文紧密连接，符合语境。故选F项。第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Britain’stoughestgrandmothercheateddeaththreetimestobecomeachampionpowerlifterandisstillpumpingironinher70s.PatReeveshas____21____twoterminalcancerdiagnosesandahigh-speedcarcrash.She____22____weightliftingin1982whenshewas36,afterreceivingherfirstterminaldiagnosisduetoabraintumor(肿瘤).She____23____aplant-baseddietandbeganrunningmarathonsand____24____.Shehopedthatitwould____25____herslow-growingtumor.Shewasencouragedbyherbodybuilding____26____totrypowerliftingandfellinlovewithit,quicklybreakingrecordsand____27____titlesatcompetitionssheentered.For10years,shetraveledtheworld,____28____innationalandglobalevents.ButinDecember,1993,shewas____29____byanotherterminalcancerdiagnosis;thistimeshewastoldshehadbonecancer.Reeves_____30_____toletitdefeatherandcontinuedwithherhealthyand_____31_____lifestyleinanattempttomakethetumors_____32_____,andwasdeclaredcancer-freeinmid-2016.InSeptember,2018,shewasinvolvedinahigh-speed_____33_____.Theaccidentleftherwithcrushedlungsandledtoa(n)_____34_____diseasethatoccurredwhenlungtissuewas_____35_____.Shewastoldsheonlyhadthreemonthsto_____36_____inJune,2019.Butshesurvivedagain.However,shesaid,“Itdoesstill_____37_____me,butI’vefoundawaytotrainandIstilldopowerliftingevenwithmysetbacks.”Shehasbrokenaround200_____38_____andcanliftuptonearly300pounds.Wemaymeetmany_____39_____inlife.However,aslongaswehaveapositiveattitude,wecan_____40_____overcomethem.21.A.suffered B.survived C.recovered D.treated22.A.tookup B.savedup C.keptup D.drewup23.A.rejected B.examined C.adopted D.experienced24.A.fantasy B.innovation C.interaction D.bodybuilding25.A.enhance B.stop C.attack D.inspect26.A.coach B.judge C.athlete D.teacher27.A.missing B.accepting C.securing D.beating28.A.competing B.accelerating C.charging D.hiding29.A.puzzled B.designed C.embarrassed D.shocked30.A.hesitated B.refused C.attempted D.claimed31.A.active B.lazy C.popular D.boring32.A.bigger B.longer C.smaller D.stronger33.A.occasion B.crash C.event D.adventure34.A.eye B.skin C.heart D.lung35.A.broken B.clean C.healthy D.strong36.A.walk B.work C.connect D.live37.A.protect B.support C.affect D.scold38.A.arguments B.records C.media D.devices39.A.successes B.opportunities C.pleasures D.difficulties40.A.barely B.instantly C.eventually D.slightly【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了一位坚强的老奶奶帕特·里夫斯，在经历了两次晚期癌症诊断和一次高速车祸后，成为了一名冠军举重运动员，并在70多岁时仍然坚持锻炼的故事。【答案】21.B22.A23.C24.D25.B26.A27.C28.A29.D30.B31.A32.C33.B34.D35.A36.D37.C38.B39.D40.C【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：帕特·里夫斯在两次癌症晚期诊断和一次高速车祸中幸存下来。A.suffered遭受；B.survived幸存；C.recovered恢复；D.treated治疗，对待。根据上文“Britain’stoughestgrandmothercheateddeaththreetimes”提到三次死里逃生，由此可知，此处应表示帕特·里夫斯在两次癌症晚期诊断和一次高速车祸中幸存下来。故选B项。【22题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：1982年，36岁的她第一次被诊断出患有脑瘤，此后她开始举重。A.tookup开始做；B.savedup积攒；C.keptup保持；D.drewup起草。根据下文“weightliftingin1982whenshewas36”以及“afterreceivingherfirstterminaldiagnosisduetoabraintumor.”由此可知，此处应表示36岁的她开始举重。故选A项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她采用了植物性饮食，开始跑马拉松和健身。A.rejected反对；B.examined检查；C.adopted采用；D.experienced经历。根据下文“aplant-baseddiet”由此可知，此处应表示她采用了植物性饮食。故选C项。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她采用了植物性饮食，开始跑马拉松和健身。A.fantasy幻想；B.innovation革新；C.interaction互动；D.bodybuilding健身。根据下文“Shewasencouragedbyherbodybuilding______totrypowerlifting”提到健身，由此可知，此处应表示她开始跑马拉松和健身。故选D项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她希望它能阻止她缓慢生长的肿瘤。A.enhance增强；B.stop停止；C.attack攻击；D.inspect检查。根据上文提到的她采用了植物性饮食，开始跑马拉松和健身，以及下文“herslow-growingtumor”由此可知，此处应表示她希望它能阻止她缓慢生长的肿瘤。故选B项。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在健身教练的鼓励下，她尝试举重，并爱上了这项运动，很快就打破了纪录，在她参加的比赛中获得了冠军。A.coach教练；B.judge裁判；C.athlete运动员；D.teacher教师。根据上文“Shewasencouragedbyherbodybuilding”以及下文“trypowerliftingandfellinlovewithit”由此可知，此处应表示在健身教练的鼓励下，她尝试举重，并爱上了这项运动。故选A项。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在健身教练的鼓励下，她尝试举重，并爱上了这项运动，很快就打破了纪录，在她参加的比赛中获得了冠军。A.missing失去；B.accepting接受；C.securing设法得到；D.beating击败。根据下文“titlesatcompetitionssheentered”可知，此处应表示她在参加的比赛中获得了冠军。故选C项。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：10年来，她周游世界，参加国内和国际赛事。A.competing竞争；B.accelerating加速；C.charging要价，收费，充电；D.hiding隐藏。根据下文“nationalandglobalevents.”可知，此处应表示她参加国内和国际赛事。competein“参加比赛”。故选A项。【29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但在1993年12月，她被另一个晚期癌症诊断震惊了。A.puzzled吃惊的；B.designed有计划的；C.embarrassed尴尬的；D.shocked震惊的。根据下文“thistimeshewastoldshehadbonecancer.”提到被告知得了骨癌，由此可知，此处应表示她被另一个晚期癌症诊断震惊了。故选D项。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：里夫斯拒绝让它打败她，继续她健康积极的生活方式，试图使肿瘤变小，并于2016年年中被宣布癌症治愈。A.hesitated犹豫；B.refused拒绝；C.attempted尝试；D.claimed声称。根据下文“letitdefeather”可知，此处应表示里夫斯拒绝让癌症打败她。故选B项。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：里夫斯拒绝让它打败她，继续她健康积极的生活方式，试图使肿瘤变小，并于2016年年中被宣布癌症治愈。A.active积极的；B.lazy懒惰的；C.popular受欢迎的；D.boring无聊的。根据上文提到的里夫斯拒绝让癌症打败她。以及下文“inanattempttomakethetumors_______”由此可知，此处应表示里夫斯继续她健康积极的生活方式。故选A项。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：里夫斯拒绝让它打败她，继续她健康积极的生活方式，试图使肿瘤变小，并于2016年年中被宣布癌症治愈。A.bigger更大的；B.longer更长的；C.smaller更小的；D.stronger更强壮的。根据下文“andwasdeclaredcancer-freeinmid-2016.”提到于2016年年中被宣布癌症治愈，由此可知，此处应表示里夫斯继续她健康积极的生活方式，试图使肿瘤变小。故选C项。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：2018年9月，她遭遇了一场高速车祸。A.occasion场合；B.crash撞车；C.event事件；D.adventure冒险。根据上文提到的“ahigh-speedcarcrash.”由此可知，此处应表示她遭遇了一场高速车祸。故选B项。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这次事故使她的肺部破裂，并导致肺部组织破裂时发生的肺部疾病。A.eye眼睛；B.skin皮肤；C.heart心脏；D.lung肺部。根据下文“whenlungtissuewas_______”可知，此处应表示这次事故使她的肺部破裂。故选D项。【35题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这次事故使她的肺部破裂，并导致肺部组织破裂时发生的肺部疾病。A.broken破裂的；B.clean干净的；C.healthy健康的；D.strong强壮的。根据上文“Theaccidentleftherwithcrushedlungs”可知，此处应表示这次事故导致肺部组织破裂时发生的肺部疾病。故选A项。【36题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：2019年6月，她被告知她只能活三个月了。A.walk步行；B.work工作；C.connect连接；D.live活。根据上文“sheonlyhadthreemonths”结合语境可知，此处应表示她被告知她只能活三个月了。故选D项。【37题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，她说：“它仍然影响着我，但我已经找到了一种训练方法，即使遇到挫折，我仍然会做力量举。”A.protect保护；B.support支持；C.affect影响；D.scold责骂。根据下文“butI’vefoundawaytotrainandIstilldopowerliftingevenwithmysetbacks.”转折表示她已经找到了一种训练方法，即使遇到挫折，仍然会做力量举重。由此可知，此处应表示伤情仍然影响着她。