高中一轮复习英语讲义必修三Module1Europe

Module1Europe一、单词表词汇全查验——运用多媒体，提问默写词汇Ⅰ.阅读词汇(英译汉)[第一屏听写]1．bootn. 长统靴；皮靴2．continentaladj. 大陆的；大洲的3．landmarkn. 标志性建筑4．galleryn. 美术馆；画廊5．sculpturen. 雕刻；泥塑6．birthplacen. 发源地[第二屏听写]7．civilisationn． 文明8．whereaboutsadv. 在哪里9．parliamentn. 国会；议会10．regionn. 地区；区域11．geographicaladj. 地理的12．featuren. 特点Ⅱ.高频词汇(汉译英)[第三屏听写]1．acrossprep. 横过；穿过2．facevt. 面向；面对3．rangen. 山脉4．situatedadj. 坐落(某处)的；位于(某处)的5．symboln. 象征；符号[第四屏听写]6．locatedadj. 位于7．architectn. 建筑师8．projectn. 计划；项目；工程9．ancientadj. 古代的10．oppositeprep. 在……对面[第五屏听写]11．signvt. 签署12．agreementn. 协议；契约13．governvt. 统治；治理14．headn. 领袖；领导人15．representativen. 代表16．producen. 产品；农产品[第六屏听写]17．because_of 因为；由于18．be_known_as 作为……而出名/闻名19．ever_since 自从……一直20．in_terms_of 据……；依照……21．on_the_other_hand 另一方面；反过来说22．little_by_little 一点点地；逐渐地二、单元核心考点初热身——提供语境，单元考点自测回顾(一)分类识记单词——用时少·功效高识记单词写对Ⅰ.知其意(英译汉)1.galleryn．美术馆；画廊2.sculpturen.雕刻；泥塑3.civilisationn.文明4.parliamentn．国会；议会5.regionn.地区；区域6.featuren.特点Ⅱ.写其形(汉译英)1.ancientadj.古代的2.projectn.计划；项目；工程3.headn.领袖；领导人4.representativen.代表核心单词练通1.Whitehasalwaysbeenasymbol(象征)ofpurityinWesterncultures.2.Whentheriverfreezesover,wecanwalkacross(穿过)theice.3.Facing(面对)thedifficulty,Ikeptcalmandtriedtothinkofawayout.4.Thisrestauranthasbeepopularforitswiderange(范围)offoodsthatsuitalltastesandpockets.5.Thenewbuildingwasbuiltfromthedesignofafamousarchitect(建筑师)．拓展单词用活[记全记牢]1.continentaladj.大陆的；大洲的→continentn．大陆；大洲2.situatedadj.坐落(某处)的；位于(某处)的→situationn．形势；情况；地理位置→situatevt.使位于；使处于3.locatedadj.位于→locationn．位置→locatevt.位于vi.定位；定居4.oppositeprep.在……对面adj.对面的；相反的→opposevt.反对5.signvt.签署→signaturen．签字；署名6.agreementn.协议；契约→disagreementn．不同意；分歧7.governvt.统治；治理→governmentn．政府8.producen．产品；农产品→productn．产品；制品→productionn．生产；产量[用准用活]1.Themitteemembersopposedthebillandgavesomeoppositeideas.(oppose)2.Inourcountry,railwaysaregovernedbythegovernment,_notbyanyindividuals.(govern)3.Situatedatthefootofthemountain,thesmallvillageenjoysagoodsituationandduetothefastdevelopmentoftourism,ithasbeeaholidayresort.(situate)4.Ournewofficeislocatedwithinthecentreofthetown,andthelocationisconvenientforme.(locate)5.Theywereindisagreementwithusatfirst,butaftermanytalkswitheachother,wesignedanagreement.(agreement)⇩eq\a\vs4\al(积得多平时多输入，用时顺手出)1.说说“七大洲”①Asia亚洲②Europe欧洲③Africa非洲④Antarctica南极洲⑤Oceania大洋洲⑥NorthAmerica北美洲⑦SouthAmerica南美洲2.合成名词“n.＋n.”一览①landmark标志性建筑②birthplace发源地③daybreak拂晓；黎明④keyboard键盘⑤headache头痛⑥steamboat汽船⑦waterfall瀑布⑧newspaper报纸(二)语段串记短语——不枯燥·兴趣高先写对再用准第一组1.in_the_south_of在……南部2.because_of因为；由于3.of_all_time有史以来；始终4.be_known_as作为……而出名/闻名5.in_terms_of据……；依照……Ourschoolissituated①in_the_south_ofourcity,which②is_known_as“oursecondhome”.③In_terms_ofteachingquality,ourschoolissecondtonone.④Because_ofthis,ourschoolisthemostpopularinourcity.第二组1.work_on从事；努力做2.ever_since自从……一直3.on_the_other_hand另一方面；反过来说4.have_control_over对……加以控制5.little_by_little一点点地；逐渐地Hehasbeen①working_ondiggingcoalforseveralyears.Thejobwasveryhard,but②on_the_other_handitwaswell­paid.And③little_by_littlehehaspaidoffallhisdebts.⇩eq\a\vs4\al(积得多平时多输入，用时顺手出)1.work相关短语大全①workon从事；努力做②workat致力于③workout计算出；解决④outofwork失业⑤workhardat努力学习(工作)2.由littlebylittle想到的①sidebyside肩并肩；并排②stepbystep一步一步地；逐步③onebyone一个接一个地④daybyday一天天地⑤yearbyyear年复一年(三)仿写用活句式——造佳句·表达高背原句明句式学仿写1.BetweenFranceandSpainisanothermountainrange—thePyrenees.在法国和西班牙之间是另一座山脉——比利牛斯山脉。表示地点的介词短语位于句首，需用完全倒装结构。体育馆门前站着很多手拿鲜花的学生，他们在等待贵宾的到来。Infrontofthestadiumstood_many_studentsholdingflowerswaitingforthearrivalofthehonoredguests.2.Theirworkhasinfluencedotherwriterseversince.他们的作品影响了后世的作家。eversince常与现在完成时连用。自从在学校认识至今，我们一直是朋友。Wehave_been_friends_ever_sincewemetatschool.3.TheexpandedEuropeanUnionhasapopulationofmorethanhalfabillionpeople,twiceasbigasthepopulationoftheUnitedStates.扩展后的欧盟人口超过五亿，是美国人口的两倍。“倍数＋as＋adj./adv.的原级＋as...”结构。这条新公路是旧公路的三倍宽。Thisnewhighwayisthree_times_as_wide_astheoldone.考点新组合阅读微技能LiHua,whohasawiderangeofinterests,isalwaysreadytohelpothers.________❶，hewasfacedwithaproblemtheotherday.Thatday,hewasgoingacrosstheroad________❷hefoundthatontheroadlayanoldlady.Shesignedtohimforhelp.________❸andhadexpectedhertosaythanks.Butjusttheopposite,shesaidheshouldn'thaveknockedherdown,whichmadehimveryangry.Fortunately,heprovedtobeinnocentatlast.1.①处应填入的衔接词是However。2.②处应填入的并列连词是when，相当于andthen/atthattime。3.③处应填入的最佳选项为__A__。A.HedidsoB．SohedidC.SodidheD．Hedid1．rangen．山脉；幅度；范围；种类v.排列；(在一定范围内)变化，变动(1)in/withinrange(ofsth.) 在……范围内beyond/outofrange(ofsth.) 在……范围外awiderangeof... 范围广泛的；各种各样的(2)rangefrom...to... 在……范围内变动rangebetween...and... 在……和……范围内变动[多角练透]单句语法填空①Thenationalparkhasalargecollectionofwildlife,ranging(range)frombutterfliestoelephants.(2017·北京高考单选)②Theirjobswidelyrangefromgovernmentofficialsandathletestodrivers,teachers,artistsandsoon.单句改错③Whendrivingonhighways,thedrivermustcontrolhisorherspeedwithintherangeof60km/hand120km/h.去掉第二个the补全句子④Inadditiontothesetraditionalactivities,wehavea_wider_range_of_choicessuchastravellingandvisitingourrelativesorfriends.除了这些传统活动外，我们有更广泛的选择，如旅游和拜访我们的亲戚朋友。2．facevt.面向；面对n.面孔；表情；正面(1)befacedwith 面临，面对faceupto 勇敢面对(2)makeaface 做鬼脸facetoface 面对面in(the)faceof 面对；在……面前[多角练透]单句语法填空①Facing(face)somuchtrouble,hedidn'tknowwhattodo.②WhenIamfacedwithadifficulty,Iusuallychoosetorefertorelevantlearningmaterialsorwebpages.单句改错③Thebuildingwhichfacestothebigriverislikelytobedestroyedbytheflood.去掉第一个to补全句子④municatingwithfriendsface_to_faceisawaytorelievepressurefromworkandlife.与朋友面对面地交流是缓解工作和生活压力的一种方式。句型转换⑤Facingincreasingenergylimits,Chinaneedsabreakthroughinminingandexploration.→Faced_withincreasingenergylimits,Chinaneedsabreakthroughinminingandexploration.→In_the_face_ofincreasingenergylimits,Chinaneedsabreakthroughinminingandexploration.3．acrossprep.横过；穿过；交叉；在……另一边adv.从一边到另一边；宽；交叉地eacross (偶然)遇见；碰见getacross(to) 使被理解；向……讲清楚[多角练透]单句语法填空①Thelittlepupiltookhisgrandmabythearmandwalkedheracrossthestreet.(2015·陕西高考单选)选用上述短语填空②ItwaswhenIgotbacktomyapartmentthatIfirstcame_acrossmynewneighbors.(2017·天津高考单选)③Agoodlecturerissupposedtomanagetoget_acrosstothelistenerswhathemeans.选词填空(across,through,over)④TheGreatWallwindsitswayfromwesttoeast,acrossthedesert,overthemountains,throughthevalleys,tillatlastitreachesthesea.长城从西向东跨过沙漠，越过高山，穿越山谷，直至最后到达大海。4．signvt.签署；签名；打手势；示意n.符号；记号；手势；迹象(1)signtosb.todosth. 打手势让某人做某事signin/out 签到/签退signup 报名参加；注册(2)asignof... ……的标志/迹象[题点全练]单句语法填空①Ifyouareinterested,signuponourschoolwebsitebeforeAugust10.(2017·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)②Hesignedtoherto_lower(lower)hervoice.③Forsafetyreasons,pleasesigninwhenyouarriveatthebuilding,andsignoutwhenyouleave.④Whileredisasignofwarmth,itcansometimesmakepeoplefeeluneasyorevenfrightened.5．oppositeprep.在……对面adj.对面的；相反的；对立的adv.在对面n.对立面；对立的人；反义词(1)beoppositeto 与……相反justtheopposite 恰恰相反 (2)opposevt. 反对；与……对抗opposedoingsth. 反对做某事(3)opposedadj. 反对的；相反的beopposedto(doing)sth. 反对(做)某事[多角练透]单句语法填空①Atthatage,Ialwaysdidsomethingthatwasoppositetowhatevermyparentsdid.②Theparentsstronglyopposedtheirdaughtergoing(go)therealone.补全句子③Fatherisstronglyopposed_to_going_shoppingonSunday,becausethestreetsandsupermarketsarefullofpeople.父亲强烈反对星期天去买东西，因为街上和超市到处是人。④Shedidn'tmakeamistake—just_the_opposite,_whatshedidwasright.她没有犯错误，恰恰相反，她所做的是正确的。6．介词短语置于句首的倒装句式Between_France_and_Spain_is_another_mountain_range—thePyrenees.在法国和西班牙之间是另一座山脉——比利牛斯山脉。本句结构为“介词短语＋谓语动词＋主语”的全部倒装句式。(1)表示地点、方位或时间的副词，如here,there,in,out,up,down,away,now,then等以及表示地点的介词短语，如infrontof,atthefootof等位于句首时，句子用全部倒装。此时谓语动词一般为be动词或lie,e,go,stand等动词，且句子的主语为名词。(2)形容词或分词位于句首也可用全部倒装。(3)如果句子的主语是代词，不用倒装语序。①Johnopenedthedoor.Therestood_a_girlhehadneverseenbefore.约翰打开门，那里站着一个他从未见过的女孩子。②Bythewindowsat_a_young_manwithamagazineinhishand.窗户边坐着一位年轻人，手里拿着一本杂志。③Presentattheeveningpartywas_our_English_teacheryesterday.昨天出席晚会的有我们的英语老师。④Lookatthelittledog!Hereit_runs.看这条小狗！它跑过来了。考点新组合阅读微技能Intermsofsizeandscale,ourschoolisn'tverylarge,________❶itisveryfamousinourcity.________❷，therearesomanywell­knownteachersinourschool.Ontheotherhand,dozensofstudentsareadmittedtoPekingUniversityeveryyear.1.①处应填入的连词为but。2.②处应填入的短语为On_(the)_one_hand，与后面的短语Ontheotherhand相对应。7．intermsof(依)据……；依照……；就……而言inthelong/shortterm 从长/短期来看beongood/badtermswithsb. 与某人关系好/不好etotermswith... 与……达成协议；与……和解[题点全练]选用上述短语填空①Hefinallycame_to_terms_withthatpany.②Wehave_been_on_good_terms_withourneighborsforalltheseyears.③Whattheyhavedoneisgoodfortheenvironmentin_the_long_term.④Wemustplanourworkin_terms_ofthenewsituationanditsneeds.8．ontheotherhand另一方面；反过来说(1)on(the)onehand...;ontheotherhand... 一方面……；另一方面(却)……(2)foronething...;foranother... 首先……；其次……/一则……；二则……[题点全练]选用上述短语填空①I'dliketoeatout,buton_the_other_hand,_Ishouldbetryingtosavemoney.②On_(the)_one_hand,_ourindustryisshortofenergysource,buton_the_other_hand,_agreatamountofenergysourceisbeingwasted.③For_one_thing,_Icanhelptakecareofthechildren.For_another,_IcanimprovemyEnglish,makemorefriends,andenrichmylifeduringthesummervacation.[名师指津]ontheonehand中的the可以省略，而ontheotherhand中的the不能省略。另外，ontheotherhand可以单独使用。[单元语基落实]Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．MadamCurieiswell­knownasagreatscientistforherintelligence.2．Hehasanumberofdifferentinterests,ranging(range)fromstampcollectingtoskating.3．NeitheryounorIcanswimacrossthelakeinhalfanhour.4．Therefore,studentsshouldbeadvisedtosignupassoonaspossible.5．Faced(face)withthephenomenon,wemusttakesomemeasurestodealwithit.6．ThefamilysettledinNewYorkin1970andhas_lived(live)thereeversince.7．Thecountriesareindependentandaregoverned(govern)indifferentways.8．Ifyoustudyregularly,yourvocabularywillincreaselittlebylittle.9．You'dneverknowthey'resisters—theyarepletelyoppositetoeachotherineveryway.10．Located(locate)inthecity'smercialcenter,theshoppingmallattractslotsofyoungpeopletoseekfashionseveryday.Ⅱ.单句改错1．Don'tmakeface.Eatingvegetablesisgoodforyourhealth.face前加a2．Look!InthemiddleofthehallstandssomeChristmastrees.stands→stand3．Onthesouthofschoolstandsourlibrary,whichcoversanareaof1,200squaremetres.On→In4．Heisthemanager,andhiringandfiringarewithintherangeofhisresponsibilities.去掉第二个the5．Thetemple,situatinginthemiddleofthecity,datesbacktotheTangDynasty.situating→situatedⅢ.根据提示词和相关要求补全句子1．人们普遍认为应该根据学生的全面素质来评价他们。(intermsof)Itisgenerallyacknowledgedthatstudentsshouldbeevaluatedin_terms_of_overall_quality.2．我们每个人都有优点，但是另一方面我们每个人也有缺点。(ontheotherhand)Weeachhavestrongpoints,buton_the_other_hand_each_of_us_has_weak_points.3．她五年前毕业，从那时起便一直当护士。(eversince)Sheleftschoolfiveyearsagoandhas_worked_as_a_nurse_ever_since.4．广场中央耸立着一座雕塑。(全部倒装)Inthemiddleofthesquarestands_a_sculpture.5．许多人认为倾听是被动的行为，情况恰恰相反。(opposite)Manypeoplethinkthatlisteningisapassivebusiness.Itisjust_the_opposite.Ⅳ.句型转换/一句多译1．Theyenteredtheclassroom,andanaughtyboysatinthefrontofit.→Theyenteredtheclassroom,inthefrontofwhichsat_a_naughty_boy.2．Shedidn'tgotoschoolbecauseshewasill,whichmadehermotherworried.→Shedidn'tgotoschoolbecause_of_her_illness,_whichmadehermotherworried.3．Myfarmhasexpandedintoabigone,whichisthreetimesbiggerthanthepreviousone.→Myfarmhasexpandedintoabigone,whichisthree_times_as_big_as/the_size_ofthepreviousone.4．面对挑战时你应该相信勇气很重要。①Facing_challenges,_youshouldbelieveyourcourageiswhatmakesadifference.(现在分词短语作状语)②Faced_with_challenges,_youshouldbelieveyourcourageiswhatmakesadifference.(过去分词短语作状语)③In_the_face_of_challenges,_youshouldbelieveyourcourageiswhatmakesadifference.(介词短语作状语)[高考拆组训练]阅读理解组块专练——练速度(限时：35分钟)Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2018·郑州市第一次质检)TravelingtoEuropetoseeitsfamousmonumentsliketheEiffelTowerinParisandtheColosseum(古罗马竞技场)inRome,isnotexactlytheidealvacationforkids.Fortunately,Europehasmoretoofferthanlotsofoldchurchesandancienthistory.Youcanenjoysomefunwithyourkidsinthesunatsomeofthefamousbeachesofthecontinent.Mykonos,GreeceThecloseryougettotheequator,thelongerthebeachseasonis,andGreeceiswonderfulforthat.Youcanenjoybeautifulgreenwater,publicchairsandlovelyumbrellasatthebeachesinMykonos.Dubrovnik,CroatiaThere'snothingmoreattractivethanthebeautifulbeachesborderingDubrovnik,Croatia'smostbeautifulcity.It'ssurroundedbystonewallslikeacastle.Italmostmakesyoufeellikeyou'resuntanning(日光浴)atHogwarts,wheretheheroHarryPotterofthestoryistrained!Sicily,ItalyRabbitBeachontheislandofSicilyoffersshallowandcrystalclearwaters,makingitaperfectbeachforfamilieswithyoungchildren.Andifyouwanttoaddinteresttoyourexperience,trysnorkeling(徒手潜水)．Nice,FranceLinedwithpalmtreesandfirst­classhotels,thecityofNice,locatedontheFrenchRiviera,offersawholecoastlineofMediterraneanbeaches.Becausethey'reintheheartofthecity,thesebeachesattractalargecrowd.Soifyou'relookingforsomethingmoreprivate,you'llhavetotravelafewmilesoutsideofthecitycenter.Ribadeo,SpainAtlowtide,PlayadelasCatedralesinRibadeo,Spainistheperfectbeachtotakeinthenaturalwonderswithouturbanamusementslikerestaurants,barsorhugecrowds.Itboastsbeautifulwildflowersanduniquerockformationsmakingittrulyapictureworthy.语篇解读：本文主要介绍了几个适合孩子去度假的欧洲旅游胜地。1.WhatmakesDubrovniksospecial?A．Itissurroundedbystonewalls.B．Ithasthemostattractivecoastline.C．Ithasthelongestbeachseason.D．ItisthetrainingcenterofHarryPotter.解析：选A细节理解题。根据第三段的“There'snothingmoreattractive...It'ssurroundedbystonewallslikeacastle.”可知，克罗地亚的杜布罗夫尼克的特别之处就是它像城堡一样被石墙围绕。2．Ifyouplantogotoabeachinthecity,whereshouldyougo？A．Mykonos. B．Sicily.C．Nice. D．Ribadeo.解析：选C细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的第二句“Becausethey'reintheheartofthecity,thesebeachesattractalargecrowd.”可知，选C。3．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutRibadeo?A．Visitorscantrysnorkelingthere.B．Itoffersvisitorsfirst­classhotels.C．Ithasrestaurants,barsandhugecrowds.D．Visitorscanenjoyuniquerockformationsthere.解析：选D细节理解题。根据最后一段的最后一句“Itboastsbeautifulwildflowersanduniquerockformationsmakingittrulyapictureworthy.”可知，游客们可以欣赏到西班牙的里瓦德奥独一无二的岩石构造。4．Whatdoallthebeacheshaveinmon?A．Theyhavebeautifulwildflowers.B．TheyarefamousEuropeanbeaches.C．Theyarewell­knownfortheirgreenwater.D．Theyprovidevisitorswithurbanamusements.解析：选B细节理解题。根据文章第一段多处出现的Europe和“Youcanenjoysomefun...thecontinent.”可知，文章中介绍的所有景点都在欧洲，结合全文可知，这些景点都是海滩。B(2018·安徽省百所重点高中模拟)Ihadthehonourofbeingelectedchiefofmytribe(部落).Withthetitlecamegreatresponsibility.ItwasmyjobtomakepeacewiththeMaoriTamakitribe,whosevillagewevisited.Theirsoldiersjumpedfromacanoeandfacedusdownwithfiercecrying,stickingeyesandmuchnoiseofsticks.Theylaidapalmleafonthegroundand,ashead,Iwasforcedtoacceptthispeaceofferingbypickingitup,thentouchingnoseswiththeirchief.“Kiaora，”hesaid,welingusintothewoodlandhomeofhispeople.My“tribe”wasmyNewZealandcoachtourgroup,whohadforcedmeintobeingtheirleader.We'dbeenwarnedthattheceremonywasaseriousoccasionandthattolaughorevensmilewouldbeconsideredrudetotheTamaki.Afterthatitwasnon­stopfunastheydemonstratedtheirancientcustomsandIreceivedinstructioninperformingthehaka,thewardanceimmortalized(使不朽)bytheAllBlacksrugbyteam.Thentheypulledourdinneroflamb,beefandvegetablesoutoftheground.Ithadbeenslow­cookedintheheatjustbelowthesurfaceinthegeothermal(地热的)areaofNorthIsland,aMaoritraditionknownasahangithatgoesbackanextremelylongperiodoftime.Obviously,thisformofitisputonfortouristsbutitwashugelyenjoyable.Thejourneybacktothehotelwasaloneworththeeffort,ourelderMaoridriverbeingdeservingofhisowntelevisionshow.“Thewheelsonthebusgoroundandround，”hegotussinging,whilehecircuitedaroundaboutthreetimes.Acoupleofdaysfromtheendofourtrip,therewasstillsomethingmissing,aNewZealandiconIwantedtoseetomakemygrandtourplete.Ridingoveraridge,thereitwas—Aotearoa.TheMaorinameforNewZealandtranslatesas“thelandofthelongwhitecloud”.CanIsay“Kiaora,Aotearoa？”YoubetIcan.语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文，作者讲述了他去新西兰旅游时接触到的毛利文化。5．Howwerethevisitorsgreetedinthetribe?A．Thesoldiersmadeapalmleafroad.B．Thesoldierstouchedtheirnoses.C．Thesoldiersshooksticksfiercely.D．Thesoldiersmadenoisewithshuteyes.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Theirsoldiersjumpedfromacanoeandfacedus...onthegroundand”可知，毛利部落的勇士们从独木舟上跳下来，用狂热的叫喊、瞪大的眼睛和巨大的棍棒晃动声将作者一行人镇住了，他们还在地面上放置一片棕榈叶。这些都是毛利人对游客表示欢迎的方式。故选C。6．WhichreferstotheMaoricookingcustom?A．Kiaora. B．Haka.C．Hangi. D．Tamaki.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Thentheypulledourdinneroflamb,beefandvegetables...aMaoritraditionknownasahangi”可知，在地下土炉中烹制食物是毛利饮食传统，这被称为hangi。7．Whatdoestheauthorthinkofthedriver?A．Hewasgoodatsinging.B．Hemadethejourneymemorable.C．Hewasnotfamiliarwiththeroad.D．HeperformedwellonaTVshow.解析：选B推理判断题。根据第四段的“Thejourneybacktothehotelwasaloneworththeeffort,ourelderMaoridriverbeingdeservingofhisowntelevisionshow...”可知，作者一行人的回宾馆之旅让他们难忘：有表演天赋的毛利老司机让作者他们一路欢歌，故选B。8．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．AtasteofMaoricultureB．Hello,NewZealandC．ThehonourofbeingatribechiefD．ThebestofNewZealand解析：选A标题归纳题。作者作为赴新西兰的旅游团的队长，在旅游中有幸接触毛利文化，这给作者留下了深刻的印象，故A项“体验毛利文化”为最佳标题。CIflivinginabigcitymakesyoufeelabitdown,there'sgoodnews:Abriefwalkinnaturecouldbeallittakestodriveawaythosenegativethoughts.Atleastthat'sthefindingofanewstudypublishedintheProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciences.Severalotherstudieshavealsosuggestedthatthere'sjustsomethingaboutbeinginnaturethatcangiveourmoodsaboost(提升).Butithasn'tbeenexactlyclearwhat'sgoingoninourbrainswhenwe'reexposedtonaturalenvironments.Onepossibilityisthatnaturedecreases“rumination(反思)”，orpatternsofnegativethoughtsthatswirlinourheadsandseemtotakeover.Tofindoutifnaturehelpsusendthatcycleofnegativethoughts,Bratmanandhiscolleaguesrandomlyassigned38volunteerstotakea90­minutewalkineitheranaturaloranurbanarea.Beforeandafterthewalk,theparticipantsfilledoutaquestionnaireabouthowmuchtheywereruminating,andhadtheirbrainsscannedusingaformoffMRIthatmeasuresbloodflowinthebrainatrest.Thenaturewalkersreportedhavingfewernegativethoughtsaboutthemselvesafterthewalkthanbeforethewalk,whiletheurbanwalkersreportednochange.What'smore,fMRIbrainscansrevealedlessactivityinthesubgenualprefrontalcortex(SGPFC)ofthosewhowalkedinnature.SGPFCisabrainregion(区域)thatmayplayakeyroleinsomemooddisordersandhasbeenlinkedwithpatternsofnegativethought.Thosewhowentfortheurbanwalkdidnotshowanyofthesebenefits,thestudyfound.Atlast,wemayhaveapossibleexplanationforhowbeinginnaturemayimproveourmentalwell­being.Inaddition,thefindingssuggestthathavinggreenspacesandnaturalareasincitiesmaybeimportantformaintainingourmentalhealth.语篇解读：研究发现，人们在自然环境中散步可以改善心情。9．Whatdoesthenewstudymainlyshow?A．Takingawalkisreallybeneficial.B．Negativethoughtsaren'tthathardtoremove.C．Livingincitiesresultsinnegativethoughts.D．Walkinginnaturecontributestoabettermood.解析：选D细节理解题。根据第一段的“Abriefwalkinnaturecouldbeallittakestodriveawaythosenegativethoughts.”可知，这个研究主要表明在自然环境中散步可以改善心情。10．WhentheactivitiesinSGPFCinourbrainsincrease,________.A．wetendtoenjoyagoodmoodB．wemaydevelopmorenegativethoughtsC．wemaywanttowalkmoreD．wetendtogetridofmooddisorders解析：选B推理判断题。根据在自然环境中散步可以改善心情以及第三段的“What'smore,fMRIbrainscansrevealedlessactivity...”可知大脑里这种物质增加可能会让我们有一些负面的想法。11．Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A．Scientistshavesolvedadifficultmystery.B．Scientistshavefoundhowtomaintainmentalhealth.C．Scientistsfindmoretreesareneededincities.D．Scientistsfindaneasywaytoboostourmood.解析：选D主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知，主要是讲科学家发现了一种可以很容易改善我们的心情的方法。D(2018·东北三省四市教研联合体模拟)OnApril14th,2010,myentirelifechangedinaninstant.OnemomentIwasjoyfullyridingthroughthesunshine.Thenextmoment,metal,fleshandboneswerespreadingagainstthepavementinathunderouscrash.Anothercyclist,bikingcarelessly,hadcutmeoffandsentmesupermanningtowardoningtraffic.Asiftosymbolizetheaccidentthathadhitmylife,anotherdisasteralsooccurredonApril14th,2010.Itcosttheairlineindustry＄1.7billion.Tenmilliontravelerswerestuckfordays.Economicsallovertheworldweredisturbed.ThiswastheeruptionofEyjafjallajokull,oneofIceland'smanyvolcanoes.However,volcanoesarenotallbad.Infact,theyarenecessary.Theyareresponsibleforthebirthofnewearth,andforthecreationofrichsoil.Thiseruptiongaveoff0.15milliontonsofcarbondioxideintotheatmospheredaily.Butcancelling48%oftheworld'sflighttravelsavedabout2.8milliontonsofCO2fromenteringtheatmosphere,temporarilydecreasingourcarbonfootprint.Similarly,theaccidenthadbadlyaffectedmyemotionbutitalsoallowedmetolookmorecloselyinsidemyselfanddiscoverthingsaboutmyselfIwouldneverhaverealized.Ilearnedhownottojudgemyselfformynewlimitations.In1973,anotherIcelandicvolcano,Eldfell,brokeout.Icelandersdecidedtobombitwithcoldwateruntilitfrozeandchoseadifferentpath.Aftertheirplanworked,theyusedthegeothermal(地热的)energyforthenext15yearstoheattheirhomes.Agoodexampleoflifebringinglemons,andmakinglemonade!Onemustmoveonfrommisfortunes,focusingonlyonthepresentmomentandbeinghopefulforthefuture.IranfromApril14th,2010,toeverykindofescape.EventuallyIendedupinuniversityforanew­foundloveinEarthsciences.语篇解读：作者把自己遭遇突发事件和火山爆发这种自然灾害进行类比，说明遭遇到不幸也有好处，面对现实情况要乐观积极。12．WhathappenedtothewriteronApril14th,2010?A．Hewasinvolvedinacarcrash.B．HewasstuckinanIceland'sairport.C．Hewitnessedavolcaniceruption.D．Hewasbadlyinjuredonabikeride.解析：选D细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Thenextmoment,metal...crash.”和“Anothercyclist,bikingcarelessly...oningtraffic.”可知，一个马虎的骑自行车的人撞到了作者，作者遭遇了事故，受伤严重，故D项正确。13．WhichwasaneffectoftheeruptionofEyjafjallajokull?A．Theeconomywascostgloballybytheeruption.B．Carbondioxideincreasedtemporarily.C．Mostoftheworld'splaneswereheldup.D．TheearthinIcelandwasterriblypolluted.解析：选A细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Economicsalloverth