Unit1中国铁路发展定稿市公开课一等奖省赛课微课金奖课件

Unit1

RailwayDevelopment

1/42

Teaching

Objectives

ReadingThrough

Unit1

RailwayDevelopmentCONTENTSExercises2/42Studentswillbeableto:getanoverallknowledgeofrailwaydevelopmentinChinamastersomekeywordsandexpressionsinthetextunderstandsomeimportantsentences.Teaching

Objectives3/42ReadingALead-inQuestionsWordsandExpressionsTextLanguagePointsExercisesReadingThrough4/42Leading-inQuestionsBeforereadingthepassage,seehowmuchyouknowaboutrailwaydevelopmentbyansweringthefollowingquestions.1.CanyounamesomeoftheearliestrailwaysinChina?2.Whatdoyouknowabouttherolerailtransportplaysintoday’sChina?5/42Words&ExpressionsWords&ExpressionsmodetransportationtraverseMacau

wagon

trillion

allocatecapacityindigenously

terrain

establishmententitymultipletrackelectrifiedfold

respectively

onaglobalbasis

intermsof

6/42Railtransportisthemostcommonlyusedmodeoflong-distancetransportationinChina.AlmostallrailoperationsarehandledbytheMinistryofRailways,whichispartoftheStateCouncilofChina.Bytheendof,theoperatingrailnetworktraversesthelengthandbreadthofthecountry,coveringatotallengthof91,000km,makingonlytherailnetworksintheUnitedStatesandRussialargerinsize.Asof,ChineseRailwayownedabout603,082wagons,49,355coachesand18,922locomotivesandranmorethan38,000trainsdaily,includingabout3,500passengertrains.Thenetworktodayservesallprovinces,withtheexceptionofthespecialadministrativeregionofMacau.Para.1ChinaRailwayDevelopmentReadingAChinese7/42AsofOctober,theChineseStateCouncilapprovedanewCNY2trillionrailwayinvestmentplantotakeitupto.TheschemeextendedChina'spreviouslyannouncedrailwaybuildingprogram,whichwasallocatedCNY1.25trillionintheEleventhFive-YearPlanforto.Asaresultoftheincreasedinvestment,thecountry'srailwaynetworkgrewfrom78,000kmattheendofto91,000kmattheendof,Growthinfreighttransportwasthoughttobeoneofthedriversbehindtheincreasedfocusonrail,andtheneedtoincreasecapacitytomeetrisingdemand.Para.2ChinaRailwayDevelopmentReadingAChinese8/42ThefirstrailroadtobebuiltinChinawastheWoosungRailwayin1876.By1911,therewerearound9,000kmoftracksinChina.However,manyrailwaysweredesigned,constructed,orevenownedbyforeigncompanies.ThefirstindigenouslydesignedandconstructedrailwaybyChineseistheJingzhangrailwaybuiltfrom1905to1909,adifficultjobduetothemountainousterrain.ThechiefengineerofthisrailwaywasZhanTianyou,whoisknownastheFatherofChina'sRailway.Para.3ChinaRailwayDevelopmentReadingAChinese9/42AftertheestablishmentofnewChina,thenewgovernmentinvestedheavilyintherailwaynetwork.Fromthe1950stothe70s,lines,especiallythoseinwesternChina,wereexpanded.Oneexampleisthe1900kmrailwayfromLanzhoutoUrumqi,whichwasbuiltbetween1952and1962.InSouthwesternChina,severalmountainrailwayswereconstructed,suchastheBaoji-ChengduRailway,builtinthe1950s,andtheChengkunRailway,builtinthe1970s.TherailwaytoXizang(Tibet),theQingzangrailway,wasoneofthemostdifficulttobuild;thelinewasfinallycompletedandopenedtothepublicin.Today,everyprovince-levelentityofChina,withtheexceptionofMacau,isconnectedtotherailwaynetwork.Para.4ChinaRailwayDevelopmentReadingAChinese10/42NotonlyhastheChineserailwaynetworkexpandedinsizesince1949,butithasalsoseengreattechnologicaladvances.From1990to,onaveragesome1,092kmofnewrailways,837kmofmultipletrack,and962kmofelectrifiedrailwayswereopenedtotrafficannually,2.4-fold,1.7-foldand1.8-foldincreasesrespectively

overtheprevious10years.Attheendof,railwaysinoperationreached74,200km,including24,100kmofmultipletrackand18,900kmofelectrifiedrailways.Bytheendof,thetotallengthofChina’soperatingrailwayshasreached110,000kmandisexpectedtogrowto120,000kmbytheendofaccordingtotheDevelopmentPlanofChina’sNationalRailwaysduringthe12thFive-YearPlan.Para.5&6ChinaRailwayDevelopmentReadingAChinese11/42Moreover,ChinanowboaststheNumberOneHigh-speedRailwayNetworkintheworld.Onaglobalbasis,China'srailtransportvolumeisoneoftheworld'slargest,havingsixpercentoftheworld'soperatingrailways,andcarrying25percentoftheworld'stotalrailwayworkload.Chinaalsoleadsintermsof

thegrowthrateoftransportvolumeanduseoftransportequipment.Para.6ChinaRailwayDevelopmentReadingAChinese12/42mode

n.

aparticularwayofdoingsth.交流方式行为模式

amodeofcommunicationamodeofbehavioure.g.environment-friendlymodesoftransport

环境保护型运输模式ExercisesLanguagePoints13/42

transportation(transport)

n.

asystemforcarryingpeopleforgoodsfromoneplacetoanotherusingvehicles

公共交通运输系统publictransportatione.g.Thecityisprovidingfreetransportationtothestadiumfromdowntown.本市现在提供从市中心到体育场无偿交通。ExercisesLanguagePoints14/42

traverse

v.

(formal)tocrossanareaoflandorwater

e.g.Wetraversethedesertbytruck.我们乘卡车横穿沙漠。LanguagePointsExercises我走过狭窄人行天桥。Itraversedthenarrowpedestrianbridge.15/42

wagonn.

arailwaytruckforcarryinggoods

e.g.Don’toverloadawagon.不要使货车装载过重。LanguagePoints一辆长长货车沿着山坡蜿蜒而行。Alongwagontrainissnakingitswayalongtheslope.Exercises16/42

allocatev.

togivesth.officiallytosb./sth.foraparticularpurpose

a.allocable可分配；n.allocation分配

e.g.Theyintendtoallocatemoreplacestomaturestudentsthisyear.

今年他们打算给成人学生提供更多名额.LanguagePoints已划拨了一大笔款项给图书馆购置新书.Alargesumofmoneyhasbeenallocatedforbuyingnewbooksforthelibrary.Exercises17/42

capacityn.

theabilitytounderstandortodosth.能力

vt.capacitate使能够

e.g.Limitedresourcesarerestrictingourcapacityfordevelopingnewproducts.

有限资源正制约着我们开发新产品能力.LanguagePoints她尤其能吃苦耐劳.Shehasanenormouscapacityforhardwork.Exercises18/42

indigenouslyadv.

belongingtoaparticularplaceratherthancomingtoitfromsomewhereelse

e.g.GiantpandaisindigenouslylivinginChina.大熊猫原产于中国。LanguagePointsa.indigenous本土，当地indigenously-developed自主研发19/42

terrainn.

anareaoflandaboutitsnaturalfeatures

e.g.Hehadmadeadetailedstudyoftheterrain.他对地形做了缜密研究。LanguagePoints多山地形Exercisesmountainousterrain20/42

establishmentn.

theactofstartingorcreatingsth.

e.g.theestablishmentofdiplomaticrelationsbetweenthecountries国家间外交关系建立LanguagePoints讲话人宣告了新学院成立。Thespeakerannouncedtheestablishmentofanewcollege.Exercises21/42

entityn.

(formal)sth.thatexistsseparatelyfromotherthingsandhasitsownidentity

e.g.Thesecountriescannolongerbeviewedasasingleentity.这些国家不能再被看成是一个单独实体。LanguagePoints作为一个独立法律实体，企业必须纳税。Asaseparatelegalentity,corporationsmustpaytaxes.Exercises22/42electrifiedadj.

tomakesth.workbyusingelectricityLanguagePoints这条铁路在20世纪50年代就实现了电气化。Therailwaylinewaselectrifiedinthe1950s.23/42-foldsuffix.

multipliedbye.g.Bythelateeighties,theirnumberhadgrownfourfold.到八十年代末时候，他们数量已是原来四倍。LanguagePoints税前利润几乎涨到了原来12倍。Pretaxprofitsurgedalmosttwelvefold.Exercises24/42respectivelyadv.

inthesameorderasthepeopleorthingsalreadymentionede.g.JulieandMark,aged17and19respectively.朱莉和马克，年纪分别为17岁和19岁。LanguagePointsTworespectableteachersenteredtheirofficesrespectively..Exercises两位值得尊敬老师进入各自办公室。25/42

intermsof

usedwhenyouarereferringtoaparticularaspectofsth.

e.g.Whatdoesitmeanintermsofcost?这在成本上意味着什么？LanguagePointsExercisesItcan’tbemeasuredintermsofmoney.这是不能用金钱衡量。26/421.铁路运输是中华人民共和国使用最普遍长途运输方式。作为中国国务院政府部门，铁道部负责几乎全部铁路运行。到年底，中国铁路运行网横贯全国，总里程到达91,000公里，使之成为继美国和俄罗斯之后规模第三大铁路网。年，中国铁路拥有约603，082辆货车，49,355节车厢，18,922辆机车，每日运行38,000次列车，包含约3，500列旅客列车。除了澳门尤其行政区之外，现行网络服务全部省份。译文中国铁路发展ReadingA27/422.年10月，中国国务院同意了实施到年一个新规模到达2万亿元铁路投资方案。这一新计划扩大了以前宣告至年第十一个五年计划期间投资额达1.25万亿元铁路建造计划。因为投资增加，中国铁路网已经由年年底78,000公里增加到年年底91,000公里，而且预计到年年底会增加到110,000公里。据认为在政府日益重视铁路发展背后，货物运输量增加是一大动因，还有就是需要增加运力满足增加需求。译文中国铁路发展ReadingA28/423.中国建造首条铁路是1876年建吴淞铁路。到了1911年，中国拥有9,000公里铁轨，然而，那时铁路都是有外国企业设计，建造，甚至拥有。第一条由中国人自己设计建造铁路是1905至1909年修建京张线，因为多山地形，这是十分艰巨一项工程。此线总工程师是被誉为中国铁路之父詹天佑。译文中国铁路发展ReadingA29/424.中华人民共和国成立之后，新政府大力投资铁路网建设。从50年代到70年代，尤其是位于中国西部铁路线扩长了。修建于1952年至1962年长达1900公里兰州至乌鲁木齐线就是其中一例。在地势险峻西南，修建了好几条穿越大山铁路线，有50年代建宝成线，有70年代建成昆线。青藏线是难度最大，这条线最终于年建成开行。现在，除了澳门之外，全部省份都连接在了这一庞大铁路网内。译文中国铁路发展ReadingA30/425-6.不但中国铁路网自49年以来得到了扩大，中国也在铁路技术方面取得了巨大进步。从1990到年，平均每年有约1，092公里新线，837公里多轨铁路，以及962公里电气化铁路开行，较之于前十年分别增加了2.4,1.7和1.8倍。年底，运行铁路里程到达74,200公里，包含24,100公里多轨线和18,900公里电气化线。.到年底，中国运行铁路总里程已经到达110,000公里，依据十二五期间国家铁路发展计划，预计到年底总里程将达120,000公里。译文中国铁路发展ReadingA31/426.中国现在已骄傲地建成世界第一大高铁网络。从全球来看，中国铁路运量位于世界上最前列，拥有世界6%运行里程，占25%世界运输总量。另外，中国在运量增加和运输设备使用上也遥遥领先。译文中国铁路发展ReadingA32/42TaskIITaskIVExercisesTaskITaskIII33/42()1.InChina,almostallrailtransportishandledbythegovernment.()2.ThefirstrailroadinChinadidnotexistuntiltheestablishmentofNewChina.()3.ZhanTianYouwasagreatrailwayengineerinChina.()4.China'srailtransportvolumeisoneoftheworld'slargest,havingsixpercentoftheworld'soperatingrailways,andcarrying25percentoftheworld'stotalrailwayworkload.()5.Chinarailwayisdevelopingveryquicklytomeetthedemandofitseconomicdevelopment.

F

TTI.Decidewetherthefollowingstatementstrueorfalse.

TrueorFalse

T

T34/42II.TranslatethefollowingintoChinese.

1.Railtransportisthemostcommonlyusedmodeoflong-distancetransportationinChina.铁路运输是中国最惯用长途运输方式。2.ThechiefengineerofthisrailwaywasZhanTianyou,whoisknownastheFatherofChina'sRailway.这条铁路总工程师是詹天佑，他被誉为“中国铁路之父”。

Translation35/42II.TranslatethefollowingintoChinese.

3.NotonlyhastheChineserailwaynetworkexpandedinsizesince1949,butithasalsoseengreattechnologicaladvances.自1949年以来，中国铁路不但规模扩大，而且也见证了巨大技术进步。4.AftertheestablishmentofnewChina,thenewgovernmentinvestedheavilyintherailwaynetwork.中华人民共和国成立之后，新政府大力投资铁路网建设。Translation36/42II.TranslatethefollowingintoChinese.

5.Chinaalsoleadsintermsofthegrowthrateoftransportvolumeanduseoftransportequipment.中国在运力增加及运输设备使用方面遥遥领先。Translation37/42

InChina,almostallrail_______________arehandledbytheMinistryofRailways..Growthin___________________isthoughttobeoneofthedriversbehindtheincreasedfocusonrail.AftertheestablishmentofnewChina,thegovernmentinvestedheavilyintherailway_______________.Inthe1950sand1960s,severalmountainrailwayswere__________________.

transportfreighttransportnetworkconstructedIII.Fillintheblankswithappropriatewordsandexpressions.Fillintheblanks38/423.NotonlyhastheChineserailwaynetworkexpan