第九单元可恶的人类

Unit9TheDamnedHumanRaceMarkTwainR

einforcementTextAnalysisTheDamnedHumanRaceB

ackgroundWarmingupUnit9Questions/ActivitiesCheck-onPreviewObjectivesWBTRTheDamnedHumanRaceUnit9WarmingupWarmingupQuestions/ActivitiesWhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribethisessay?Seriousandmatter-of-fact?Scientificallydetachedandobjective?Hilariouslyhumorous?Bitterlysatirical?Whatisthemainideaofthisessay?WhatistheDarwiniantheory?Howdoestheauthorcometodoubtthis?Isthattheresultofscientificexperiment?IsMarkTwainseriouswhenhesaysthathehasdonemanymonthsofpainstakingandfatiguingworkintheLondonZoologicalGarden?Whateffectdoyouthinkhehopestoachievewiththismockseriousness?Howdoestheauthorcontrasthumanbeingswithotheranimals?WBTRPleaselistthespecifichumantraitsanddispositionsthathecondemnsinthisessay.Whydoeshesaythatmanisthecruelanimal?Whatexamplesdoeshegivetoillustratethepoint?Whatargumentsdoestheauthorgivetosupporthisviews?DoyouthinkweshouldtakeMarkTwain’sviewsseriously?Doyouagreewithhim?Arewereallythatbad?Isn’ttheresomesavinggraceinthehumanrace?Whatdevicesdoestheauthorusetomakethearticleinteresting?WarmingupQuestions/ActivitiesDefinethefollowingwordsrenouncescrupleinflictatrocityoddsandendsbroodoverfurnishconjecture

WarmingupCheck-onPreviewParaphrasethefollowingsentences1.Man,inhisdescentfromthecat,hasbroughtthecat’sloosenesswithhim,buthadlefttheunconsciousnessbehind–thesavinggracewhichexcusesthecat.2.TheseReasoningAnimalshaddisagreedonatheologicaldetailandcarriedthemattertoaHigherCourt.

WarmingupCheck-onPreviewObjectivesUnderstandthestructureoftheessayUnderstandwhattheauthorreallyintendstosayAppreciateMarkTwain’swritingstyleReflectontheso-called“humannature”WBTRWarmingupBackgroundSocialBackgroundAuthorBWTRTheDamnedHumanRaceUnit9SamuelLanghorneClemens(November30,1835–April21,1910),betterknownbyhispenname

MarkTwain,wasanAmericanauthorandhumorist.Heismostnotedforhisnovels,TheAdventuresofTomSawyer(1876),anditssequel,AdventuresofHuckleberryFinn(1885),

thelatteroftencalled"theGreatAmericanNovel.“TwaingrewupinHannibal,Missouri,whichwouldlaterprovidethesettingforHuckleberryFinnandTomSawyer.Heachievedgreatsuccessasawriterandpublicspeaker.Hiswitandsatireearnedpraisefromcriticsandpeers,andhewasafriendtopresidents,artists,industrialists,andEuropeanroyalty.TwainwasbornduringavisitbyHalley'sComet,andhepredictedthathewould"gooutwithit"aswell.Hediedthedayfollowingthecomet'ssubsequentreturn.Hewaslaudedasthe"greatestAmericanhumoristofhisage,"[andWilliamFaulknercalledTwain"thefatherofAmericanliterature."Tobecontinuedonthenextpage.BackgroundTheauthorTobecontinuedonthenextpage.BackgroundTheauthorBackgroundBackgroundoftheessay-Theauthor’spersonaltragedybankruptcycausedbyunwiseinvestmentdeathofhisfavoritedaughterdeathofhisbelovedwife-socialbackgroundcut-throatcompetition,sweatshops,robberbarons,andlaborriots,corruptionandunethicalbusinesspractices,spreadofthejunglelawandracialconflictsandimperialistwarsDetailedAnalysisStructureThemeTheDamnedHumanRaceUnit9TextAnalysisTWBRTextAnalysisThemeTWBRWithinhisessayofTheDamnedHumanRace,authorMarkTwainpowerfullydeclaresthatthehumanraceisbothflawedandcorrupt,andthatpeopleactuallyshouldbeclassifiedas"loweranimals"ratherthantheformerlyknown"higheranimals.”StructureThesisstatement,howthe“research”isconducted(paras.1–2)II.Processofthe“research”,varioustraitsanddispositionsofhumanbeingsascontrastedtothe“higheranimals”(paras.3–17)III.Conclusion(paras.18)

TextAnalysisStructureTextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisTWBRI.Thesisstatement(paras.1–2)II.“researchprocess”(paras.3–17)III.Conclusion(paras.18)

TextAnalysisWritingfeaturesTWBRtongue-in-cheektoneImitatingscientificexperimentFormallanguage(bigwords,longsentences,academicstyle)HumorandsatireI.Thesisstatement(paras.1~2)Whydoestheauthormimickingascientificexperiment?Whatistheauthor’sresearchtopic/purpose?Whatisthehypothesis?Whattheorydoeshecheck?Whatishisresearchmethod?Wheredoestheresearchtakeplace?VocabularyPleasefindsynonymsofthefollowingwords.CharacteristicsandtemperamentShamefulForcesomeoneto…AbandonorgiveupLoyaltyGuessAssumption,hypothesisHappenorexistIntheprocessof…/onthewayto…TextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisVocabularyPresentitself:happen,appear,existEg.Whenafavorableopportunitypresenteditselfhewouldsubmithisproposition.TextAnalysisDetailedAnalysis

Whatwasthenewtheorydevelopedbytheauthor?Whywasthediscoveryhumiliatingandunpleasant?Whatdidyouexpecttoreadinthenextpart?TextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisPara.3Inthispart,theauthorcompares_______(man)with______(animal).Whatgiveshimtheideatomakesuchacomparison?Howdoeshemakethecomparison?Whatconclusiondoeshecometo?2.Researchprocess(p.3-17)Para.3VocabularyCourseEarl(Duke,Marquis,Earl,Viscount,Baron)Fortheentertainmentof…Leave…torotIfanyCause…to…DispositionStandprovenwantonly2.Researchprocess(p.3-17)Para.3Paraphrase:Thisseemedtosuggestthattheearlwasdescendedfromtheanacondaandhadlostagooddealinthetransition.2.Researchprocess(p.3-17)Para.4Inthispart,theauthorcompareshumanracewith______(animal).Whatgiveshimtheideatomakesuchacomparison?Howdoeshemakethecomparison?Whatconclusiondoeshecometo?2.Researchprocess(p.3-17)Para.4VocabularyManymenhaveshowna_____(maddesire)formoremoneyandhavenot_______(hesitated)tocheattheignorantandthehelpless_____(介词搭配)theirpoorsavingsinordertopartially______(satisfy)that______(desire,craving).I_____(offered)theopportunitiestomanydifferentkindsofanimalstoaccumulatemorefoodthantheycanconsume,butnoneofthemwoulddoit.Thisexperiment______(makesmebelieve)thatmanis_________(extremelygreedy)and_____(mean).

2.Researchprocess(p.3-17)Para.5Inthispart,theauthorcompareshumanracewith______(animal).Whatconclusiondoeshecometo?2.Researchprocess(p.3-17)Para.4VocabularyHarborBroodoverTakerevengeSthisunknownto…2.Researchprocess(p.3-17)Para.6Inthispart,theauthorcompareshumanracewith______(animal).Whatthedifferencebetweentheminkeepingharems?Whyroostersareinnocentwhilemanisnot?Conclusion?2.Researchprocess(p.3-17)Para.6VocabularyByconsentofHaremBruteforce(brutevsbrutal)AtrociousTheothersexwereallowednohadinmaking2.Researchprocess(p.3-17)Para.7Inthispart,theauthorcompareshumanracewith______(animal).What’rethesimilarityanddifferencebetweencatsandman?Whycatscanbeexcusedbutmancannot?Whatconclusiondoeshecometo?Paraphrase:Man,hasbroughtthecat’sloosenesswithhimbuthadlefttheunconsciousnessbehind—thesavinggracewhichexcusesthecat.2.Researchprocess(p.3-17)Para.8Whatpointdoestheauthorwanttomakeinthisparagraph?Accordingtotheauthor,what’swrongformanbeingtheonlyanimalthatblushes?Paraphrase:Man,withhissoiledmind,covershimself.Soaliveareheandhismatestoindecentsuggestion.Heistheonlyonethatdoesit—orhasoccasionto.2.Researchprocess(p.3-17)Para.9Inthispart,theauthorcompareshumanracewith______(animal).Whatgiveshimtheideatomakesuchacomparison?Howdoeshemakethecomparison?Whatconclusiondoeshecometo?2.Researchprocess(p.3-17)Para.9MatchthecrueltyANorthAmericanIndianKingJohnAreligiouszealotintheMiddleAgesFirstRichard’stimeinColumbus’timeInourdayinEnglandUsered-hotirontodealwithhisnephewShutsupJewfamiliesinatowerandsetfiretoitGougeouthisprisoner’seyesSkinstheheretics’skinandscatterssaltonhisbackNotprintable(what’sthatmean)Oneman…andanother…2.Researchprocess(p.3-17)Para.9Payattentiontothetense.Whatdoespresenttensesuggest?2.Researchprocess(p.3-17)Para.9Vocabulary—wordformationAtrociousadj.atrocityn.Printv.–printableadj.–unprintableTroublev.n.—troublesomeadj.–untroublesomeadjZealn.–zealousadj.zealotn.Hereticn.–heresyn.Skinn.v.Capturev.–captiven.Humann.–humanlyadj.unhumanlyadv.2.Researchprocess(p.3-17)Para.9VocabularyInflict:inflictpainonsomebody/selfinflictedModerate/unhumanlymoderateMan-fashionBedonedoingsthPutitoutofitstroubleHeisaloneinthatdistinction.2.Researchprocess(p.3-17)Vocabularystraightenuptelescopethrongdigressripapartwantapieceofsth.athandforgedefyTextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisPara.10Whatproblemdoestheauthoraddressinthisparagraph?Whatdistinguisheshumanbeingsfromotheranimalsintermsoffighting?Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardswars?Howdoeshemakehisattitudeexplicitbychoiceofwords?Whatdoyouknowaboutthe“Hessians”?2.Researchprocess(p.3-17)Para.10VocabularyPleasefindthesynonymsofthefollowingwordsinthisparagraph.Participatein,beoccupiedinThemostevilthingBrotherGetridof,destroycompletelyDirty,filthyKillinlargenumber,massacre2.Researchprocess(p.3-17)Para.11Whatistheproblemuniquetohumanracementionedinthisparagraph?2.Researchprocess(p.3-17)Para.11ParaphraseThereisnotanacreofgroundontheglobethatisinpossessionofitsrightfulowner,orthathasnotbeentakenawayfromownerafterowner,cycleaftercycle,byforceandbloodshed.2.Researchprocess(p.3-17)Para.12Whatisthedifferencebetweenhumanbeingsandotheranimalsintermsofworking?2.Researchprocess(p.3-17)Para.12VocabularySlave—enslaveInoneformoranotherInonewayoranotherHold…inbondageunder…2.Researchprocess(p.3-17)Para.13Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsthesocalled“patriotism”?Whatistheauthor’stone?Whoarethe“uniformedassassins”?Whoistheonewho“washesthebloodoffhishandsand—worksforthe‘universalbrotherhoodofman’”?Whatdoestheauthormeanby“washingthebloodoffhishands”?Whatdoes“withhismouth”mean?2.Researchprocess(p.3-17)Para.13VocabularySneeratMultitudinousSetoneselfapartfromAtheavyexpenseIntervalWorkfor2.Researchprocess(p.3-17)Para.14Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsreligionreflectedinthisparagraph?“Weweretold”bywhomthat“theyaregoingtobeleftout”?2.Researchprocess(p.3-17)Para.14CulturalbackgroundCaesarsMohammedInquisitionBloodyMary2.Researchprocess(p.3-17)Para.14ParaphraseHeistheonlyanimalthathastheTrueReligion—severalofthem.Hehasmadegraveyardoftheglobeintryinghishonestbesttosmoothhisbrother’spathtohappinessandheaven.2.Researchprocess(p.3-17)Para.14VocabularyStraightBeatitSeethelightBeleftout2.Researchprocess(p.3-17)Para.15Paraphrase:Suchistheclaim.Itseemsplaintomethatwhateverheisheisnotareasoninganimal.Vocabulary:Opentodispute2.Researchprocess(p.3-17)Para.16-17Inthispart,theauthorcompares_______(man)with______(animal).How