浙江金华市2023-2024学年高二英语上学期11月期中试题含解析

(试卷满分120分，考试时间90分钟。)注意事项：本试卷分第I卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)。满分150分，考试用时120分钟。所有答案必须写在答题卷上，写在试卷上无效。考试结束，将答题卡交回。第I卷(选择题共95分)第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whoisthemanlookingfor?A.Tami.B.Dr.Maxwell.C.AlisonSimpson.2.Whatwillthewomanprobablydo?A.Calltheairlinesoon.B.Stayathomehorawhile.C.Leavefortheairportbeforelunch.3.Whatdoesthemanthinkofhiscurrentbook?A.It’sexciting.B.It’srelaxing.C.It’slong.4.Whendoesthemanhopetoseethewoman?A.Thisafternoon.B.Tomorrownight.C.Tomorrowafternoon.5.Whatdoesthemanmean?A.Hedidn’tputinanysugar.B.Headdedsomenaturalflavors.C.Healsothinksthecoffeetastesstrange.第二节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B.C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题.每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、题。6.Whyisthewomanupset?A.Herorderisn’treadyyet.B.Themanforgotherorder.C.Someguestswillbelate.7.Atwhattimewilltheweddingstart?A.10:00.B.10:30.C.12:00.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8WholivedinLosAngeles?A.Thewoman’sauntanduncle.B.Theman’sgrandparents.C.Thewoman’sparents.9.Whatwillthespeakersdonext?A.Haveawalk.B.Gohiking.C.Trytocatchsomefish.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whatdidthemanstudyincollege?A.Arthistory.B.Medicine.C.Business.11.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.They’reneighbors.B.They’resalesmanandcustomer.C.They’reteacherandstudent.12.Whatistheman’sadviceforthewoman?A.Doingwhatherfathersuggests.B.Exploringallthepossibilities.C.Makingadecisionasearlyaspossible.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Howdoesthewomanwanttopay?A.Incash.B.Bycreditcard.C.Withhersmartphone.14.WhatdoesthemanthinkofPayPal?A.Itisfree.B.Itispopular.C.Itisn’tveryfast.15.WhereisVenmoaccepted?A.Atmanysmallshops.B.Atmostlargestores.C.Atalotofrestaurants.16.Whatdoesthewomanoffertodofortheman?A.Downloadtheapp.B.Sendhimaninvitation.C.Lendhimsomemoney.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whatistheweatherprobablylike?A.Hot.B.Dry.C.Rainy.18.WheredidMattbeginhisjourney?A.InEngland.B.InCalifornia.C.InHawaii.19.HowmanyhourswasMatt’slongestflight?A.Fourteenhours.B.Sixteenhours.C.Sixteenandahalfhours.20.WhatwillMattdonext?A.Interviewsomeone.B.Sharehisexperiences.C.Planonanotherjourney.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15个小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ASTEMInnovative.Eye-opening.Inspiring.Science,Technology,Engineering,andMathconstantlyreshapethecommunitieswelivein.OurSTEMtourschallengestudentstodevelopimaginativesolutionstoglobalproblemsthroughcriticalthinkingandcreativeexpression.HealthSciencesinGreatBritainPagingthenextgenerationofdoctors,nurses,andhealthprofessionals—thistourthroughEnglandandScotlandisforyou.TracetheinnovationsthatshapedBritain’smodernhealthcarelandscape,andparticipateinhands-onworkshopstodiscoverhowreal-lifemedicalcareersoperate.Robotics,Engineering,andtheFutureofCitiesinJapanHometocountlessorganizationsspecializinginroboticsandengineering,Japanisattheforefrontofinnovationinsustainabilityandhumanmobility.Fromhigh-speedsuperconductingmagnetic(磁悬浮)trainstoASIMOtherobot,seehowthefutureofcitiesiscloserthanyouthinkinJapan.YoucantakeaguidedtourofTokyowithaSTEMexpertbeforevisitingotherJapanesecities.AgricultureinIrelandGetyourhandsdirtyasyouexperiencethefarm-to-tablejourney—animportantpartoflifeinIreland—byvisitingavarietyoflocalfarmsaroundthecountry.Learnaboutorganicandsustainablefarmingpractices,theimpactofclimatechangeontraditionalfoodproduction,andhoweachagriculturalproductrequiresspecializedcare.Reef(礁)RegenerationandConservationinAustraliaAstheworld’slargestlivingorganism,theGreatBarrierReefisthefoundationofAustralia’scoastalecosystems.AndTownsville,whichwillserveasyourbaseofoperationsforthistour,isaworld-famouscenterforscientificreefresearchandconservation.Conductafieldsurveywithkoalasandsnorkel(潜水)alongsidetheReef.1.Whichbestsuitsthoseexpectingacareerinmedicine?A.ThetourinGreatBritain. B.ThetourinJapan.C.ThetourinIreland. D.ThetourinAustralia.2.WhatdoesthetourinIrelandprovide?A.Healthcareworkshops. B.Robotprogrammingclasses.C.Laborexperienceinthefields. D.Afieldsurveywithsealives.3.Whoisthetextaimedat?A.Artists. B.Adventurers. C.Volunteers. D.Students.【答案】1.A2.C3.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了一些学生们可以挑战的为全球问题制定富有想象力的解决方案的项目。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据HealthSciencesinGreatBritain部分“Pagingthenextgenerationofdoctors,nurses,andhealthprofessionals—thistourthroughEnglandandScotlandisforyou.TracetheinnovationsthatshapedBritain’smodernhealthcarelandscape,andparticipateinhands-onworkshopstodiscoverhowreal-lifemedicalcareersoperate.(召唤下一代的医生、护士和卫生专业人员——这趟穿过英格兰和苏格兰的旅行是为你准备的。追踪塑造英国现代医疗环境的创新方法，并参加实践研讨会，了解现实生活中的医疗职业是如何运作的)”可知，英国之旅可以提供医学相关内容，适合希望从事医学职业的人。故选A项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据AgricultureinIreland部分“Getyourhandsdirtyasyouexperiencethefarm-to-tablejourney—animportantpartoflifeinIreland—byvisitingavarietyoflocalfarmsaroundthecountry.(参观爱尔兰各地的各种当地农场，体验农场到餐桌的旅程时把手弄脏，这是爱尔兰生活的重要组成部分)”可知，在爱尔兰，人们可以在农场亲自动手操作，了解田野中的劳动经验。故选C项。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“OurSTEMtourschallengestudentstodevelopimaginativesolutionstoglobalproblemsthroughcriticalthinkingandcreativeexpression.(我们的STEM旅程通过批判性思维和创造性表达挑战学生，为全球问题制定富有想象力的解决方案)”可知，本文介绍了一些学生们可以挑战的项目，推测文章的目标读者是学生。故选D项。BInrecenttimes,themarriagebetweentechnologyandarthasrekindledanewageoftheatre,ushering(引入)inaneraknownasDigitalTheatre.Thisconcepthasbrokentraditionalboundaries,offeringanimmersiveexperiencethatovercamegeographicalandsociallimitations.Theintegrationofdigitalelementswithintheatricalperformanceshasnotonlyenrichedthenarrativebutalsoexpandedtheaudiencereachglobally.TheforemostcontributortothisrevolutionarymovementistheuseofAugmentedReality(AR)andVirtualReality(VR)technologies.Thesetechnologiesprovideagatewayfortheaudiencetostepintothenarrative,experiencingthestorylineinamorepersonalandengagingway.Forinstance,aplaybasedonancientRomecouldtransporttheaudiencetotheColosseum,withdigitalrecreationsoftheancientruins,givingafirsthandexperienceofthehistoricsetting.Moreover,thedigitalplatformhasopeneddoorsformorepeople.Streamingperformancesonlinehasmadetheatreaccessibletoindividualswhowerepreviouslyunabletoattendduetophysicalorfinancialconstraints.Thisdigitalshifthasalsoencouragedanewgenerationofplaywrightsandactors,whonowhaveaglobalplatformtoshowtheirtalents.Onthenegativeside,somepeoplearguethatdigitaltheatredilutestheessenceoftraditionaltheatre,takingawaytheauthenticity(真实性)andthehumanconnectionthatliveperformancesoffer.Despitethecriticism,manybelievethatdigitaltheatreisnotareplacement,butanevolutionthatallowsforacombinationoftraditionandmodernity.Thedigitaltheatremovementalsoraisesquestionsaboutthepreservationofculturalintegrity.Asdigitalelementsbecomemoreandmorepopular,thereisafearthatthetraditionaltheatremaybeovershadowedorforgotten.Yet,othersarguethatthiscombinationoftechnologyandartisacelebrationofculturalevolution,presentinganopportunitytointroducetraditionaltheatretoamodernaudienceinarefreshingway.4.Paragraph1mainlytalksabout________.A.Theglobalreachofdigitaltheatre. B.Thehistoricalbackgroundoftheatre.C.Thetraditionalboundariesoftheatre. D.Theintegrationofdigitalelementsintheatre.5.HowdoARandVRcontributetodigitaltheatreaccordingtothepassage?A.Byprovidingfinancialsupport. B.Byenablingonlinestreaming.C.Byenhancingaudienceparticipation. D.Byrecruitingnewtalents.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“dilute”inParagraph4probablymean?A.strengthen B.show C.weaken D.answer7.Theauthorthinksthatthedigitaltheatremovement________.A.posesathreattoculturalpreservation.B.isamerereplacementfortraditionaltheatre.C.neglectstheimportanceofhumanconnection.D.encouragesacombinationoftraditionandmodernity.【答案】4.D5.C6.C7.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是近年来，技术与艺术的结合重新点燃了戏剧的新时代，迎来了一个被称为“数字剧院”的时代。【4题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Theintegrationofdigitalelementswithintheatricalperformanceshasnotonlyenrichedthenarrativebutalsoexpandedtheaudiencereachglobally.(数字元素在戏剧表演中的整合不仅丰富了叙事，而且扩大了全球观众的范围。)”可知，第一段主要讨论剧院中数字元素的整合。故选D。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Thesetechnologiesprovideagatewayfortheaudiencetostepintothenarrative,experiencingthestorylineinamorepersonalandengagingway.(这些技术为观众提供了一个进入叙事的入口，以一种更个性化、更吸引人的方式体验故事情节。)”可知，AR和VR通过提高观众的参与度为数字剧院做出贡献。故选C。【6题详解】词句猜测题。根据第四段“takingawaytheauthenticity(真实性)andthehumanconnectionthatliveperformancesoffer(夺走了现场表演的真实性和人与人之间的联系)”可知，划线词所在句子表示“一些人认为数字戏剧淡化了传统戏剧的本质，夺走了现场表演所提供的真实性和人与人之间的联系”，划线词dilutes的意思是“淡化”，和weaken意思相近，故选C。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Thedigitaltheatremovementalsoraisesquestionsaboutthepreservationofculturalintegrity.(数字戏剧运动也提出了保护文化完整性的问题。)”可知，A选项表述不正确；根据倒数第二段“Onthenegativeside,somepeoplearguethatdigitaltheatredilutestheessenceoftraditionaltheatre,takingawaytheauthenticity(真实性)andthehumanconnectionthatliveperformancesoffer.(消极的一面是，一些人认为数字戏剧淡化了传统戏剧的本质，夺走了现场表演所提供的真实性和人与人之间的联系。)”可知，C选项表示不正确；再根据倒数第二段“Despitethecriticism,manybelievethatdigitaltheatreisnotareplacement,butanevolutionthatallowsforacombinationoftraditionandmodernity.(尽管受到批评，许多人认为，数字剧院不是一种替代品，而是一种允许传统与现代结合的进化。)”可知，B选项错误，因此只有D选项表述和文意符合，故选D。CTheautonomousvehicletechnologyisrapidlyevolving,promisingtoredefineurbanmobility(机动性).Self-drivingcars,withtheircomplicatedsensorsandartificialintelligence,areexpectedtosignificantlyreducetrafficaccidents,amajorityofwhicharecausedbyhumanerror.AnotableexampleisWaymo,abranchcompanyofAlphabetInc.,whichhasbeenpioneeringinautonomousvehicletechnology.In2020,Waymolauncheditsfullyautonomousride-hailingserviceinPhoenix,Arizona,markingasignificantmilestoneinself-drivingtechnology.Thisserviceallowsuserstobookaself-drivingcarusingamobileapp,similartootherride-sharingservices.Moreover,autonomousvehiclesareforeseentoeasetrafficjam.ThroughVehicletoEverythingcommunication,self-drivingcarscancommunicatewitheachotherandtrafficinfrastructure(基础设施)tomaintainasmoothflowoftraffic,reducingtrafficjamandemissions.However,thetransitiontoself-drivingtechnologyisnotwithoutchallenges.Thehighcostofproduction,cybersecuritythreats,andmoralproblemsincaseoftrafficaccidentsareamongtheproblemsthatneedtobesettled.Additionally,thetechnologyrequiresacompletelegalandregulatoryframeworktoensuresafetyandreliability.Asself-drivingtechnologycontinuestomature,thepotentialbenefitsintermsofsafety,efficiency,andenvironmentalsustainabilityareimmense,drivingustowardsaneweraoftransportation.8.TheparagraphmentioningWaymomainlydiscusses________.A.theVehicletoEverythingcommunication.B.asignificantmilestoneinself-drivingtechnology.C.thelegalframeworkrequiredforautonomousvehicles.D.thechallengesfacedbyautonomousvehiclecompanies.9.Accordingtothepassage,howmightautonomousvehiclescontributetoreducingtrafficjam?A.Throughreducingemissions.B.Byloweringthecostoftransportation.C.Byreducingthenumberofcarsontheroad.D.Throughcommunicationwitheachotherandtrafficinfrastructure.10.Whatchallengesassociatedwiththetransitiontoself-drivingtechnologyarementionedinthepassage?A.Cybersecuritythreatsandethicaldilemmas. B.Lackofinterestfromthepublic.C.Insufficientmilestonesachieved. D.Inabilitytocommunicatewithtraditionalvehicles.11.Theoveralltoneofthepassagecanbedescribedas________.A.Skeptical. B.Optimistic. C.Critical. D.Neutral.【答案】8.B9.D10.A11.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。自动驾驶汽车技术正在迅速发展，有望重新定义城市交通。自动驾驶汽车拥有复杂的传感器和人工智能，预计将大大减少交通事故，其中大多数是由人为错误造成的。文章说明了自动驾驶技术的优点以及面临的挑战。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“In2020,Waymolauncheditsfullyautonomousride-hailingserviceinPhoenix,Arizona,markingasignificantmilestoneinself-drivingtechnology.(2020年，Waymo在亚利桑那州凤凰城推出了全自动叫车服务，标志着自动驾驶技术的一个重要里程碑)”可推知，提到Waymo的段落主要讨论自动驾驶技术的重要里程碑。故选B。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Moreover,autonomousvehiclesareforeseentoeasetrafficjam.ThroughVehicletoEverythingcommunication,self-drivingcarscancommunicatewitheachotherandtrafficinfrastructure(基础设施)tomaintainasmoothflowoftraffic,reducingtrafficjamandemissions.(此外，预计自动驾驶汽车将缓解交通拥堵。通过车联网通信，自动驾驶汽车可以与其他汽车和交通基础设施进行通信，以保持交通畅通，减少交通堵塞和排放)”可知，自动驾驶汽车通过相互之间的通信和交通基础设施，有助于减少交通堵塞。故选D。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Thehighcostofproduction,cybersecuritythreats,andmoralproblemsincaseoftrafficaccidentsareamongtheproblemsthatneedtobesettled.(生产成本高、网络安全威胁、交通事故引发的道德问题都是需要解决的问题)”可知，向自动驾驶技术过渡的挑战是网络安全威胁和道德困境。故选A。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Self-drivingcars,withtheircomplicatedsensorsandartificialintelligence,areexpectedtosignificantlyreducetrafficaccidents,amajorityofwhicharecausedbyhumanerror.(自动驾驶汽车拥有复杂的传感器和人工智能，预计将大大减少交通事故，其中大多数是由人为错误造成的)”最后一段“Asself-drivingtechnologycontinuestomature,thepotentialbenefitsintermsofsafety,efficiency,andenvironmentalsustainabilityareimmense,drivingustowardsaneweraoftransportation.(随着自动驾驶技术的不断成熟，其在安全、效率和环境可持续性方面的潜在好处是巨大的，将我们推向一个新的交通时代)”可推知，文章的总体语气是乐观的。故选B。DTheolderIget,themoreIunderstandhowmyteachershavetransformedmylife.OnarecentSundayafternoon,IwenttoseeMr.CatRoxburyParkinBeverlyHills.Hisloveoflifehasnotdimmeddespitethefactthathislegsnolongerworkliketheyusedto.Hevisitedsomeofhisformerstudentswhilehewasintown.AtBeverlyHillsHighSchool,Mr.Ctaughtancienthistory,coachedfootballandgolf,andriskedhislifeteachingdriver’strainingonSaturdaymorningsfrom1964to1988.Thegrayandhobbledstudentslineduponeafteranothertothanktheirfavoriteteacher.Onecalledhimarockstar.Anotherwasgratefulforhelpinghimwhenhecouldn’tsayso.Itwasabeautifultribute,especiallyinthesetimesofcatastrophicteachershortages.SpendingthatSundayintheparkwithMr.Cwasnothingshortofmagic.Itwasareminderofallthatispromisingandpossibleinpubliceducation,includingateacherwhoserareemotionalhonestycouldbeappreciatedandhonoreddecadeslater.ItalsobroughttomindMayaAngelou’ssaying“Peoplewillforgetwhatyousaidanddid,butneverforgethowyoumakethemfeel.”Hemademeandothersintheparkfeelheardandseen,Mr.Cchangedmyperceptionofmyself.Ratherthanseeingmyselfasalosercheerleaderwhocouldn’tcompetewiththesmartkids,IrealizedhowmuchIlovedlearning.Hishistoryclasswassointeresting.InhisclassesaboutthePersians,Greeks,andRomans,extracreditscanbeearnedforcreativity.Duringearthquakedrills,wecountedonMr.Ctoscreamhisheadoffinpretendedterror.ItshouldcomeaslittlesurprisethatI’dvaluetheroleofteachersinmylife.Bothofmyparentstaught.Sodidmysiblings,aunts,unclesandcousins.I,too,havebecomeateacherandItrytofollowinMr.C’sfootsteps.Somedays,Ifantasizewhatitwouldbeliketogoonateachertour,reachingouttomyprofessortoexpressmydeepgratitudeforallthey’vegivenme,seeingMr.Csparkedthatfantasyagain.WhenIfinallyworkedupmycouragetothankhim,knowingafloodgateoftearswouldopen,hesaidtomewithhistypicalmodesty:“YouweredoingmemoregoodthanIwasdoingyou.”12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“tribute”meaninParagraph2?A.enthusiasm B.admiration C.devotion D.commitment13.WhydoestheauthormentionMayaAngelou’ssaying?A.Tomakeasuggestion. B.Tointroduceacelebrity.C.Toshowrespecttoaneducator. D.Tointerprettheinfluenceofeducation.14.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofherjobasateacher?A.Enjoyable. B.Intolerant. C.Incompetent. D.Patient.15.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.HappinessinmyCampusLife B.ATeacherInfluencingmyLifeC.AMagicReunionwithmyTeacher D.AnUnforgettableDrillinHighSchool【答案】12B13.D14.A15.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。随着年龄的增长，作者越来越明白老师是如何改变了作者的生活，C先生就是其中的一位。文章讲述了C先生其人和他对作者的深远影响。【12题详解】词句猜测题。根据前文“Thegrayandhobbledstudentslineduponeafteranothertothanktheirfavoriteteacher.Onecalledhimarockstar.Anotherwasgratefulforhelpinghimwhenhecouldn’tsayso.(头发灰白、步履蹒跚的学生们一个接一个地排队感谢他们最喜欢的老师。有人称他为摇滚明星。另一个人很感激在他不能说的时候帮助了他。)”可知，此处是在说C先生的学生们对他的感激，可推知学生在向C先生表达敬意。故划线词与B项“admiration(敬佩)”意思相近。故选B项。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“ItalsobroughttomindMayaAngelou’ssaying“Peoplewillforgetwhatyousaidanddid,butneverforgethowyoumakethemfeel.”Hemademeandothersintheparkfeelheardandseen,(这也让我想起了玛雅·安杰洛的一句话：“人们会忘记你说过的话和做过的事，但永远不会忘记你给他们的感觉。”他让我和公园里的其他人感到被倾听和被关注，)”以及第四段中“Mr.Cchangedmyperceptionofmyself.Ratherthanseeingmyselfasalosercheerleaderwhocouldn’tcompetewiththesmartkids,IrealizedhowmuchIlovedlearning.

(C先生改变了我对自己的看法。我没有把自己看作一个无法与聪明的孩子竞争的失败者拉拉队员，而是意识到我是多么热爱学习。)”可知，作者和C先生在公园里度过了那个星期天后，让作者改变了对自己的看法，收获了深刻的领悟。因此作者提到MayaAngelou的话是为了解释从C先生处所收获的教育，对自己产生的影响。故选D项。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“ItshouldcomeaslittlesurprisethatI’dvaluetheroleofteachersinmylife.Bothofmyparentstaught.Sodidmysiblings,aunts,unclesandcousins.I,too,havebecomeateacherandItrytofollowinMr.C’sfootsteps.

(我很重视老师在我生命中的作用，这应该不足为奇。我的父母都教书。我的兄弟姐妹、阿姨、叔叔和堂兄弟姐妹也是如此。我也成为了一名教师，我试图追随C先生的脚步。)”可知，作者很重视老师在自己生命中的作用，并试图追随C先生的脚步，因此很喜欢自己的老师工作，由此推知是作者对于自己作为教师的工作是感到愉快和有乐趣的。故选A项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“TheolderIget,themoreIunderstandhowmyteachershavetransformedmylife.(随着年龄的增长，我越来越明白我的老师们是如何改变了我的生活。)”和通过读全文可知，本文主要讲述了作者的老师C先生对作者和其他学生的影响，所以B选项“ATeacherInfluencingmyLife(影响我一生的老师)”是符合本文的标题。故选B项。第二节(共5个小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Asmuchas80percentofprematureheartdiseaseispreventablebymakingspecificlifestylechoices.____16____Butothersmaynothavecrossedyourmind.“Asmallchangeinyoureverydayroutinecanpotentiallyhaveabigimpactinthelongrun,”sayspreventivecardiologistDr.BethAbramson.●Geteighthoursofsleep.“Whenyou'renotrested,everythingthathappensinyourlifeisalotmorestressful,”saysDr.AryaSharma,aprofessorofmedicineattheUniversityofAlberta.Ifwe'resleepdeprived,ourbodiesalsohavemoredifficultycontrollingbloodpressure,inflammationandglucoselevels.____17____●____18____Doinggoodforothershelpsyourself-esteemandrelievesstress.ResearchpublishedinPsychosomaticMedicinein2016showedthatafeelingofpurposeinlifeislinkedtoalowerlikelihoodofheartattackandstroke.“Weknowthatlonelinessisariskfactorforhearthealth,”addsSharma.“Volunteeringgetsyououtofthehouseandcreatesasocialnetwork.”●Avoidpollutedair.Exposuretothiskindofpollutionovertimeraisesyourriskofheartdisease.InhalingcontaminantsformedfromchemicalslikeSulphur(硫)dioxide,carbonandnitrogenoxidesmayirritatearteries(动脉)andincreaseinflammation.____19____Trytogetyouroutdoorexercisefarawayfromhighwaysandindustrialdistricts,andspendmoretimeindoorswhentheairqualityindexispoor.●Eatbreakfast.ArecentstudyintheJournaloftheAmericanCollegeofCardiologyfoundthathealthypeoplewhoskippedbreakfastwerealmostthreetimesmorelikelytohaveheartdiseasesixyearslaterthanthosewhopartookinasubstantialmorningmeal.AccordingtoAbramson,youneedtoeatabalanceddietaspartofahealthylifestyle.____20____Ifyou'reeatingaproperbreakfast,you’relesslikelytobehungrylaterandmakepoorfoodchoices.A.Besocialandoutgoing.B.Engageinvoluntarywork.C.Therearephysiologicaleffectsofthisconditiononthebody.D.Thesefactorscanallhaveanimpactoncardiovascular(心血管的)health.E.Choosewhole-grain,low-fatbreakfastfoodsandincludefruit.F.Somestrategies,suchasexercisingandmanagingweight,arewellknown.G.Evenshortperiodsofexposureareunhealthyforpeoplewithotherhealthrisks.【答案】16.F17.D18.B19.G20.E【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要就如何预防心脏病提出了一些建议。【16题详解】根据上文“Asmuchas80percentofprematureheartdiseaseispreventablebymakingspecificlifestylechoices.(多达80%的早发心脏病是可以通过选择特定的生活方式来预防的)”可知，本句主要是在特定生活方式进行举例：锻炼和控制体重，故F选项“有些策略，如锻炼和控制体重，是众所周知的”符合语境，故选F。【17题详解】根据上文““Whenyou'renotrested,everythingthathappensinyourlifeisalotmorestressful,”saysDr.AryaSharma,aprofessorofmedicineattheUniversityofAlberta.Ifwe'resleepdeprived,ourbodiesalsohavemoredifficultycontrollingbloodpressure,inflammationandglucoselevels.(阿尔伯塔大学(UniversityofAlberta)医学教授AryaSharma博士说：“当你没有休息好时，生活中发生的每件事都会给你带来更多压力。”如果我们睡眠不足，我们的身体也会更难控制血压、炎症和血糖水平)”可知，上文提到了血压、炎症和血糖水平，本句为本段最后一句，应说明这些因素对心血管的影响。故D选项“这些因素都会影响心血管健康”符合语境，故选D。【18题详解】根据本段内容“Doinggoodforothershelpsyourself-esteemandrelievesstress.ResearchpublishedinPsychosomaticMedicinein2016showedthatafeelingofpurposeinlifeislinkedtoalowerlikelihoodofheartattackandstroke.“Weknowthatlonelinessisariskfactorforhearthealth,”addsSharma.“Volunteeringgetsyououtofthehouseandcreatesasocialnetwork.”(为别人做好事有助于你的自尊和缓解压力。2016年发表在《身心医学》上的一项研究表明，生活中的目标感与心脏病发作和中风的可能性较低有关。“我们知道孤独是心脏健康的一个风险因素，”夏尔马补充说。“志愿活动可以让你走出家门，建立一个社交网络。”)”可知，本段的主旨是从事志愿活动，可以有助于你的自尊和缓解压力。故B选项“从事志愿工作”符合语境，故选B。【19题详解】根据上文“Exposuretothiskindofpollutionovertimeraisesyourriskofheartdisease.InhalingcontaminantsformedfromchemicalslikeSulphur(硫)dioxide,carbonandnitrogenoxidesmayirritatearteries(动脉)andincreaseinflammation.(长期暴露在这种污染中会增加患心脏病的风险。吸入由二氧化硫、碳和氮氧化物等化学物质形成的污染物可能会刺激动脉并增加炎症)”以及后文“Trytogetyouroutdoorexercisefarawayfromhighwaysandindustrialdistricts,andspendmoretimeindoorswhentheairqualityindexispoor.(尽量远离高速公路和工业区进行户外锻炼，在空气质量指数较差的时候多呆在室内)”可知，上文提到了污染对身体的危害，本句进一步进行补充说明：即使是短时间的接触对有其他健康风险的人来说也是不健康的。故G选项“即使是短时间的接触对有其他健康风险的人来说也是不健康的”符合语境，故选G。【20题详解】根据后文“Ifyou’reeatingaproperbreakfast,you’relesslikelytobehungrylaterandmakepoorfoodchoices.(如果你吃了一顿合适的早餐，你就不太可能在之后感到饥饿，也不太可能做出糟糕的食物选择)”可知，本句主要针对早餐吃的食物进行建议。故E选项“选择全麦、低脂的早餐食物，包括水果”符合语境，故选E。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。JorgeSerranoandhisdogCharliewerewanderingaroundinapark.Suddenly,theyhearda(n)___21___nearthepond.Itwasamotherduck,soundinganxiousquacksfromadrain(排水沟)inthecenterofthewater.Acrossthestreet,about150feetaway,somepeoplehadgatheredatthedrain’sexit.Fiveducklingshadswumtoocloseandhadbeen___22___inthewaterpipebythedrain’scurrent.Youcouldheartheir___23___quacksfromthepipe’smouth.Thepipewaslessthan2feetindiameter(直径).Serranowouldneverfit.Itsuddenlyhithimthathisdogcould___24___thetask.HepattedCharlieandsaid,“Gotogettheduckies.”Charlie___25___intothepipefromtheoutside,listeningcarefully.Thetunnelwasdark,dirtyand___26___.Charlietookafewstepsintotheunknown.Heturnedbackwithastrangelookasiftosay,“Whatareyouaskingmetodohere?”“Goinandgettheduckies,”Serrano___27___.Charliefadedoutofsight,___28___fewsecondslaterwithamuddystick.HehandedithopefullytoSerrano.“Duckies,”saidSerrano.Thistime,themessagewentthrough.Charliewalkedintothe___29___,again.Forawhile,Serranocouldn’thearhisfootsteps,feeling____30____.WhatifCharliegotlostorstuck?Minuteslater,heemerged,____31____holdingaducklinginhismouthsoasnottohurtit.Serrano____32____,andthensenthimbackin.Fivetimes,Charlie____33____intothetunnel,carryingtheducklingsoutonebyone.Then,cheering____34____carriedthemtotheirmom.“IamgladIhavetrainedhimtohelppeople,buthe’sreallyasmartguythatwantstoplease,”saidSerrano.How____35____theduckswere!21.A.explosion B.noise C.cheer D.alarm22.A.buried B.trapped C.hidden D.adjusted23.A.vital B.delighted C.deceased D.desperate24.A.carryout B.setout C.setaside D.turndown25.A.dived B.detected C.looked D.bumped26.A.empty B.quiet C.scary D.visible27.A.repeated B.inquired C.interrupted D.approved28.A.breakingdown B.settlingdown C.keepingup D.turningup29.A.park B.lake C.pipe D.cave30.A.confused B.anxious C.depressed D.annoyed31.A.slightly B.skillfully C.gently D.barely32.A.followed B.applauded C.assessed D.rescued33.A.fled B.dug C.fell D.adventured34.A.witnesses B.commanders C.hosts D.cyclists35.A.exhausted B.adorable C.courageous D.blessed【答案】21.B22.B23.D24.A25.C26.C27.A28.D29.C30.B31.C32.B33.D34.A35.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了JorgeSerrano和他的狗Charlie在公园散步时，遇到了被卡在管道里小鸭子，于是Serrano让Charlie从管道中救出五只被卡住的小鸭子。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：突然，他们听到池塘附近有声音。A.explosion爆炸；B.noise噪音，声音；C.cheer欢呼声，喝彩声；D.alarm警报。根据后文“Itwasamotherduck,soundinganxiousquacksfromadrain(排水沟)inthecenterofthewater.(那是一只母鸭，从水中央的排水沟里发出焦虑的嘎嘎声)”可知，他们听到鸭子的声音。故选B。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：五只小鸭子游得太近了，被排水管的水流卡在了水管里。A.buried埋葬；B.trapped卡住，被困；C.hidden隐藏；D.adjusted调整。根据“Fiveducklingshadswumtooclose”和“Youcouldheartheir___3___quacksfromthepipe’smouth.”可知，五只小鸭子被卡在排水管里面。故选B。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：你可以从管道口听到它们绝望的叫声。A.vital重要的；B.delighted高兴的；C.deceased已故的；D.desperate绝望的。根据“Fiveducklingshadswumtoocloseandhadbeen___2___inthewaterpipebythedrain’scurrent.”可知，因为小鸭子被卡在排水管里面，所以发出绝望的叫声求救。故选D。【24题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：他突然想到他狗能执行这项任务。A.carryout执行，实施；B.setout出发；C.setaside搁置，留出；D.turndown拒绝。根据后文“HepattedCharlieandsaid,“Gotogettheduckies.”(他拍了拍查理，说:“去把鸭子救上来。”)”可知，他想到他的狗能执行这个营救任务。故选A。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：查理从外面往管道里看，仔细地听着。A.dived潜水；B.detected发现；C.looked看；D.bumped碰撞。根据“Thetunnelwasdark,dirtyand___6___.”可知，Charlie在执行任务之前先观察了水管。故选C。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：管道又黑又脏又吓人。A.empty空的；B.quiet安静的；C.scary吓人的；D.visible可见的。根据“Charlietookafewstepsintotheunknown.”可知，因为对于管道里面的情况一无所知，所以是令人害怕的。故选C。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“进去把鸭子拿出来，”Serrano重复道。A.repeated重复；B.inquired询问；C.interrupted打断；D.approved赞成。呼应上文“Gogettheduckies.”此处表示Serrano重复这个命令。故选A。【28题详解】