管理学原理核心英语词汇

第一章管理总论Manager管理者First-linemanagers基层管理者MiddlemanagersTopmanagers管理效率Effectiveness效果计划Organizing组织Leading领导Controlling控制Managementprocess管理过程ManagementrolesInterpersonalroles人际关系角色Informationalroles信息传递角色DecisionalrolesTechnicalskills技术技能Human

skills

人事技能

Conceptual

skills

概念技能

Closed

systems

封闭系统

Open

systems

开放系统

Specialenvironment具体环境Generalenvironment一般环境Contingencyperspective权变观Universalityofmanagement管理的普遍性Nonmanagerialemployees/Operatives第二章管理的历史DivisionoflaborIndustrialrevolution产业革命Scientificmanagement科学管理TherbligsGeneraladministrativetheoristsPrinciplesofmanagement管理原则Bureaucracy官僚行政组织、层级组织Quantitativeapproach定量方法Organizationalbehavior(OB)组织行为HawthorneStudies霍桑研究Workforcediversity员工多样化Entrepreneurshipe-business(electronicbusiness)电子商务e-commerce(electroniccommerce)Totalqualitymanagement(TQM)Learningorganization学习型组织Knowledgemanagement知识管理Workplacespirituality团队精神第三章计划Decision-makingprocess决策过程Decisioncriteria决策标准Implementation实施Rationaldecisionmaking理性决策Boundedrationality有限理性满意Escalationofcommitment承诺升级Intuitivedecisionmaking直觉决策Well-structuredproblems结构良好问题Programmeddecision程序化决策Procedure程序Rule规则政策Poorlystructuredproblems结构不良问题Nonprogrammeddecisions非程序化决策Certainty确定性Risk风险性Uncertainty不确定性DirectivestyleAnalyticstyle分析性风格概念性风格Behavioralstyle行为性风格战略计划作业计划Long-termplans长期计划Short-termplans短期计划Specificplans具体性计划指导性计划单一目标计划标准计划Traditionalgoalsetting传统目标设定Means-endschain手段－结果链Managementbyobjectives(MBO)目标管理Mission使命Commitmentconcept承诺概念Formalplanningdepartment正式计划部门Strategicmanagement战略管理StrategicmanagementprocessOpportunities机会Threats威胁

Corecompetencies核心能力Strengths优势Weaknesses劣势SWOTanalysisSWOT分析Corporate-levelstrategy公司层战略Business-levelstrategy事业层战略Stabilitystrategy稳定战略GrowthstrategyRelateddiversification相关领域多元化经营Unrelateddiversification不相关领域多元化经营Retrenchmentstrategy收缩战略BCGmatrixBCG矩阵波士顿咨询集团矩阵Strategicbusinessunits战略经营单位Corecompetencies核心能力Strengths优势Weaknesses劣势SWOTanalysisSWOT分析Corporate-levelstrategy公司层战略Business-levelstrategy事业层战略Stabilitystrategy稳定战略GrowthstrategyRelateddiversification相关领域多元化经营Unrelateddiversification不相关领域多元化经营Retrenchmentstrategy收缩战略BCGmatrixBCG矩阵波士顿咨询集团矩阵Strategicbusinessunits战略经营单位Competitiveadvantage竞争优势Costleadershipstrategy成本领先战略Differentiationstrategy差异化战略FocusstrategyFunctional-levelstrategy职能层战略EnvironmentalScanning环境扫描Competitorintelligence竞争者情报、竞争者信息Forecasts预测Quantitativeforecasting定量预测

Qualitativeforecasting定性预测ForecastingTechniques预测技术Benchmarking基准化、标杆Resources资源Budget预算RevenueBudgetsExpenseBudgets费用预算ProfitBudgetsCashBudgets进度计划、规划GanttCharts甘特图LoadCharts负荷图PERTnetwork

Events事件Activities活动Slacktime松弛时间关键线路Breakevenanalysis盈亏平衡分析Linearprogramming线性规划Project项目ProjectManagement项目管理Scenario设想方案

第四章组织Organizing组织Organizationalstructure组织结构Organizationaldesign组织设计Workspecialization劳动分工Departmentalization部门化Functionaldepartmentalization职能部门化Productdepartmentalization产品部门化Geographicaldepartmentalization地区部门化Processdepartmentalization过程部门化顾客部门化Cross-functionalteams跨职能团队ChainofcommandAuthority职权Responsibility职责第四章组织Organizing组织Organizationalstructure组织结构Organizationaldesign组织设计Workspecialization劳动分工Departmentalization部门化Functionaldepartmentalization职能部门化Productdepartmentalization产品部门化Geographicaldepartmentalization地区部门化Processdepartmentalization过程部门化顾客部门化Cross-functionalteams跨职能团队ChainofcommandAuthority职权Responsibility职责UnityofcommandSpanofcontrol管理幅度Centralization集权化Decentralization分权化Formalization正规化Mechanisticorganization机械式组织Organicorganization有机式组织UnitproductionMassproductionProcessproduction连续生产SimplestructureFunctionalstructure职能型结构Divisionalstructure分部型结构Team-basedstructure团队结构MatrixstructureProjectstructureAutonomousinternalunits内部自治单位Boundarylessorganization无边界组织Learningorganization学习型组织High-performanceworkpractice高绩效的工作实践HumanresourcemanagementprocessLaborunion工会Humanresourceplanning人力资源规划Jobanalysis职务分析Jobdescription职务说明书Jobspecification职务规范Recruitment招聘Decruitment解聘Selectionprocess

Validity效度信度Worksampling工作抽样Assessmentcenters测评中心OrientationPerformancemanagementsystemWrittenessay书面描述法Criticalincidents关键事件法Graphicratingscales评分表法Behaviorallyanchoredratingscales(BARS)行为定位评分法Multipersoncomparisons多人比较法Grouporderranking分组排序法Individualranking个体排序法Pairedcomparison配对比较法360degreefeedback360度反馈

Validity效度信度Worksampling工作抽样Assessmentcenters测评中心OrientationPerformancemanagementsystemWrittenessay书面描述法Criticalincidents关键事件法Graphicratingscales评分表法Behaviorallyanchoredratingscales(BARS)行为定位评分法Multipersoncomparisons多人比较法Grouporderranking分组排序法Individualranking个体排序法Pairedcomparison配对比较法360degreefeedback360度反馈skill-basedpayCareerOrganizationalchange组织变革Changeagents变革推动者Organizationaldevelopment(OD)组织发展Stress压力Creativity创造Innovation创新第五章领导Behavior行为Organizationalbehavior组织行为学Attitudes态度Cognitivecomponent认知成分Affectivecomponent情感成分Behavioralcomponent行为成分Jobsatisfaction工作满意度Jobinvolvement工作投入Organizationalcommitment组织承诺Organizationalcitizenshipbehavior(OCB)组织公民行为Cognitivedissonance认知失调AttitudesurveysPersonality人性Big-fivemodelEmotionalintelligence(EI)情感智商LocusofcontrolMachiavellianism马基雅维里主义Self-esteem自尊Self-monitoring自我监控Perception知觉Attributiontheory归因理论

FundamentalattributionerrorSelf-servingbias自我服务偏见Selectivity有选择地接受、选择性Assumedsimilarity假设相似性Stereotyping刻板印象Learning学习Operantconditioning操作性条件反射Sociallearningtheory社会学习理论ShapingbehaviorMotivation动机Need需要Hierarchyofneedstheory需要层次理论Physiologicalneeds生理需要Safetyneeds安全需要Socialneeds社会需要EsteemneedsSelf-actualizationneeds自我实现需要TheoryXX理论TheoryYY理论Motivation-hygienetheory激励－保健理论HygienefactorsMotivators激励因素Three-needstheory三种需要理论Needforachievement(nAch)成就需要Needforpower(nPow)权力需要Needforaffiliation(nAff)归属需要Goal-settingtheory目标设定理论Reinforcementtheory强化理论Reinforcers强化物Jobdesign职务设计Jobscope职务范围Jobenlargement职务扩大化Jobenrichment工作丰富化Jobdepth职务深度

Jobcharacteristicmodel(JCM)SkillvarietyTaskidentity任务同一性任务重要性Autonomy自主性Feedback反馈EquitytheoryReferents参照对象

expectancytheory期望理论Compressedworkweek压缩工作周Flexibleworkhours弹性工作制Jobsharing职务分担Contingentworkers应急工Telecommuting电子通信，远程办公Pay-forperformanceprogramsOpen-bookmanagement公开帐簿管理Leader领导者Leadership领导Behavioraltheories行为理论Autocraticstyle权威式DemocraticstyleLaissez-fairestyle放任式Initiatingstructure定规维度Consideration关怀维度High-highleaderManagerialgridFiedlermodel菲德勒权变模型Least-preferredco-worker(LPC)questionnaire最难共事者问卷Leader-memberrelations领导者－成员关系，上下级关系Taskstructure

PositionpowerSituationalleadershiptheory(SLT)Readiness准备状态Maturity成熟度Leaderparticipationmodel领导者参与模型Path-goaltheoryTransactionalleaders事务型领导者Transformationalleaders变革型领导者Charismaticleader超凡魅力的领导者Visionaryleadership愿景领导者LegitimatepowerCoercivepowerRewardpower奖赏权Expertpower专长权ReferentpowerCredibility可信度Trust诚信、信任Empowerment授权Interpersonalcommunication人际沟通组织沟通编码Decoding