英语（二）2024年1月“九省联考”考后提升卷（解析版）

第第页2024年1月“九省联考”考后提升卷（二）高三英语（考试时间：150分钟试卷满分：150分）注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。(共5小题:每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1．Whatarethespeakersprobablytalkingabout?A．Thebikeprice. B．Abikerace. C．Theman’sbike.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Wow!Yourdaddidagreatjob!Hemadetheoldestbikeintownlooknew．Peoplemaythinkyourbikeismoreexpensivethanmine.M:Youknowitgoesfasterthanyourbikenow.W:Idon’tthinkso．Let’sraceandsee.2．Whyhasthewomanmovedtheboy’sseat?A．Hetalkstoomuch. B．Hehastroubleinlistening. C．Shewantstoseehimbetter.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Mrs．Sophie?Whyhasmyseatbeenmovedtothefrontrow?Everyoneelseissittingintheiroriginalseats.W:Ifyouchoosetotalkinclassinsteadoflistening,yourseatwillbemovedclosertomesoIcanseeyoubetter.3．Whendidthemangethisniece’scall?A．At6:05. B．At6:00. C．At5:45.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Maria,Ineedtomeetmynieceattherailwaystationat6:20．Shecalledmeaquarterago．Ijusthadanemergencymeeting.W:Oh,it’s6:00now．20minutetogo.M:Thatisenough.4．Whatdoesthemanthinkismostneededtosucceed?A．Effort. B．Luck. C．Talent.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Robert,whichdoyouthinkyouneedmoreof,luck,talentorefforttosucceedinthearts?M:Inmyopinion,youneedtheopportunitytosucceedandnoteveryonegetstherightopportunityevenifthey’rereallytalentedanddevoted.5．Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A．Athome. B．Inashop. C．Inarestaurant.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Nowyoucanbegintakingtheplatestothecustomers．Well,don’tcarrytoomanyplates．Youmaydropthem.W:Oh,Iwon’t．I’veneverdroppedplatesinmylife.M:Youcan’tbetoocareful.W:Well,I’lltrymybest.第二节(共15小题:每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟:听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6．Whatisthemangoingtodothissummer?A．Workatahotel. B．Repairhishouse. C．Teachacourse.7．Howwillthemanusethemoney?A．Tohireagardener. B．Tobuysomeflowers. C．Tobuybooks.【答案】6．A7．C【解析】【原文】M:GuesswhatI’llbedoingthissummer?W:What?M:I’mgoingtoworkattheChurchillHotel.W:Whatexactlywillyoubedoingthere?M:Let’ssee．I’llbedoingsomesmallrepairsinsideandoutsidethehotel．I’llbecuttinggrassandtakingcareoftheflowers.W:Soundsinteresting．What’sthepay?M:Well,uh..．abouttwentydollarsperhour,fivehoursaday,andSundayfree.W:That’sgoodmoney．Whatareyougoingtodowithit?M:I’llpayforthetextbooksfornextsemester.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8．Whatisthewomanrecommendingtotheman?A．Abook. B．Aclub. C．Acourse.9．Whatisthewomanreadingnow?A．TheBeautifulMind. B．TheKiteRunner. C．TheGreatGatsby.10．Howmuchtimedoesthemanhavetoreadthebook?A．Abouttwoweeks. B．Aboutthreeweeks. C．Aboutonemonth.【答案】8．B9．B10．A【解析】【原文】W:Hey,John?CanItalktoyouforaminute?M:Sure．What’sup?W:IwanttoletyouknowaboutabookclubIjoinedmonthsago．Iknowyoudoalotofreading,soIthoughtyoumightwanttocomewithmenextmonth.M:Oh!Thatsoundslikefun．Whendoesthegroupmeet?W:UsuallythelastSaturdayofthemonth,at7:30intheevening．Isthattoolateforyou?M:No,Ithinkthat’sokay．Whatdoyoutalkaboutinthegroup?W:Well．Everymonthwechooseanewbook,andthenduringthenextmeetingwediscussit.M:Whatbookshaveyouread?W:Quitealot．RecentlywehavereadTheBeautifulMindandTheGreatGatsby．NowwearereadingTheKiteRunner.M:TheKiteRunner?I’veheardthat’sagoodbook．What’sitabout?W:It’sabouttwoboyswhogrowupinAfghanistaninthe1980sandhowtheirfriendshipshapestherestoftheirlives.M:Thatsoundsinteresting．I’dlovetocome.W:Great!Thenextmeetingwillbeheldinhalfamonth,soyoustillhavetimetoreadthebook.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11．Howdidthemanlearnabouttheapartment?A．Inthenewspaper. B．Fromhisfriend. C．ThroughtheInternet.12．Whatiscoveredintherent?A．Gas. B．Electricity. C．Water.13．Whencanthemanmovein?A．OnThursday. B．OnFriday. C．OnSaturday.【答案】11．B12．A13．C【解析】【原文】M:Goodafternoon,madam．MyfriendsawtheinformationinthenewspaperthatyoumighthaveaspareapartmentandtoldmeonFriday.W:Yes,Ihaveaspareapartmentforrent.M:WoulditbeOKtolookatitnow?W:OK．Comeinplease.M:Emm…Thisapartmentlooksniceandquitenew．Thelivingroomisreallylarge.W:It’sfortysquaremeters.M:HowmuchshouldIpay?W:$800amonth.M:Whatareincluded?W:Onlygasisincluded．Youhavetopayfortheelectricityandwater.M:Er,canyoucutdownalittle?I’vesearchedalotontheInternet,andtherewasn’tsomuchhighrent.W:Asyoucansee,theapartmenthasrecentlybeenredecoratedandcompletelyfurnished.M:Well,that’sit．WhencanImovein?W:Letmesee．TodayisWednesday．Inthreedaysifyoulike.M:That’sgreat.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。14．Whydidthewomanfailtocatchthebus?A．Shewaslate. B．Thebusleftearlierthanusual. C．Shewantedtowalkhome.15．Whatisthemanworriedabout?A．Thewoman’ssafety. B．Thepublictransportation. C．Thedangerousneighborhood.16．Whatdoesthewomandecidetodointheend?A．Buyacar. B．Callthenewspaper. C．Complaintothelocalgovernment.【答案】14．B15．A16．C【解析】【原文】M:Whydidyougethomesolate,Enya?Iwasworriedsick!W:Ihadeverythingtimedperfectly．Isatinthecoffeeshop,waitingforBus35．Itissupposedtoleaveat4:45sharp．ItakeiteverydayatthattimebecauseitarrivesattheWaterlooStationjustintimeformetocatchBus15.M:Andyoulosttrackoftime,didn’tyou?W:No,Ken,notthistime．Iwasatthebusstopontime,andIwaspickingupmybagandgettingtomyfeetat4:35．Iwastwofeetfromthebuswhenitsuddenlyleft!M:Tenminutesearly?W:Yes．So,Ihadtowaitthirtyminutesforthenextbus．Bythen,therewerenomorebusesleavingfromWaterloo.M:Howdidyougethere,then?W:Iwalked．Canyouimagine—me,ayoungwoman,walkinginthedarkforanhourbyalone?M:Andinthisneighborhood!Nexttime,pleasecallme．Thatwassodangerous.W:Iknow．I’mluckytobealive．What’swrongwiththepublictransportationinthiscity?Don’ttheycareaboutpeoplewhocan’taffordcars?M:Weshouldwritealettertoourlocalofficials.W:Andthenewspaper!听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17．Whatisthespeakermainlytalkingabout?A．Coolingfans. B．Airconditioning. C．Roomdesign.18．Whichcountrymighthaveinventedthefirstcoolingdevice?A．Egypt. B．Rome. C．China.19．Whichcoolingmethodhasthelongesthistory?A．Wetplants. B．Coldwater. C．Handfans.20．Whereisthepassagemostprobablytakenfrom?A．Aradioprogramme. B．Aculturemagazine. C．Ahistorybook.【答案】17．B18．A19．C20．A【解析】【原文】Thedesiretostaycoolis,ofcourse,nothingnew.TheancientEgyptiansandRomansemployedvarioustechniquestocooldowntheirbuildingsfromtheoutsideheat．SomepeoplehaveevenclaimedthatthefirstairconditioningdevicewasinventedinancientEgypt．TheancientEgyptianswouldhangwetplantsoutsidetheirwindows,andwhentheaircameintothehouse,itwouldbecooledbythecoolwaterdropsontheplants.TheRomansunderstoodthatiftheycouldbringcoldwaterundertheirhouses,thenthetemperatureinsidewouldfall．Andifwereallystretchthemeaningofthephrase“airconditioning”,thenhandfanshavebeenusedsincetheverybeginningofthehistory．Peoplerealizedthattheycouldmoveairbywavingsomethinganditwouldcoolthemdownforawhile.TheChineseinventorDingHuanwentastepfurtherinthesecondcenturyandinventedafanthatcouldgoaround,similartofanswemightseetoday,althoughitwaspoweredbyservants.That’sallfortoday．Pleasestaytunedformoreupdates.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。APUBLICSPEAKINGINSTRUCTOR:Dr．EliseMorrisonOBJECTIVES:PublicSpeakingisdesignedtoimproveyourunderstandingofthecommunicationprocessandtodevelopyourskillsasapublicspeakerandasacriticofpublicspeech．ASSIGNMENTS:Throughoutthecourseyouwilldeliverfourpreparedspeechesofincreasinglengthandcomplexity．Youwillprepareoutlinesforeachspeech．Youwillalsowritetwoshortpapersthatanalyzevariousaspectsoforalpresentationandrhetoric．Speaking:

SpeechofIntroduction:Introduceyourselfin2minutes．Thegoalisforyouraudiencetorememberyournameandlearnsomethingaboutyou．SpeechtoTeach:The4-minutespeechwillteachusaboutanideaorhowtodosomething．Theemphasisisonorganizationaswellasonestablishingcommongroundandcredibility．SpeechtoInitiateanAction:Youhave6minutestopersuadetheaudiencetotakeaspecificaction．Thefocusisonmotivationandfollow-through．SpeechtoChangeanAttitude:Youhave8-10minutestochangeyouraudience’sattitudesonatopicthatyouwillhavepre-testedforagreement/disagreement．Theemphasisisonargumentation,credibility,andpersuasion．Interviews:Youwillreceivein-classcoachingonhowtopersuasivelycommunicateyourskillsinajobinterview．Written:RhetoricalAnalysisofaFamousSpeech:Writeanessaythatanalyzestherhetoricalstrategiesusedinafamousspeechofyourchoosing．Self-Assessment/CourseEvaluation:Thepurposeofthisassignmentistoassessyourworkinthecourseandthecourseitself．GRADINGOralPresentationsandWrittenComponents

90%SpeechofIntroduction(5%)SpeechtoTeach(10%)RhetoricalAnalysisofFamousSpeech(20%)SpeechtoInitiateanAction(20%)

Outline(10%)

Speech(10%)SpeechtoChangeanAttitude(30%)

Outline(15%)

Speech(15%)Self-evaluation(5%)ClassParticipation

10%21．Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?A．Aspeechannouncement. B．Alessondesign.C．Anacademicarticle. D．Acourseguide.22．Whichspeechfocusesonthestructure?A．SpeechtoTeach. B．SpeechofIntroduction.C．SpeechtoInitiateanAction. D．SpeechtoChangeanAttitude.23．Howmuchdoeswrittenworkaccountfor?A．15%. B．25%. C．30%. D．35%.【答案】21．D22．A23．B【导语】本文为一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了“公共演讲”这门课程的相关内容，包括概念、类型以及评估方式等等。21．推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，文章主要介绍公共演讲的课程目标和作业，属于课程指南性质，因此文章很可能来自课程指南。故选D。22．细节理解题。根据文章“SpeechtoTeach”中的“The4-minutespeechwillteachusaboutanideaorhowtodosomething．Theemphasisisonorganizationaswellasonestablishingcommongroundandcredibility.(4分钟的演讲将教会我们一个想法或如何做某事。重点在于组织以及建立共同基础和信誉。)”可知，“SpeechtoTeach”强调组织和建立共同点和可信度，也就是说重点在于结构。故选A。23．细节理解题。根据文章“Written:RhetoricalAnalysisofaFamousSpeech:Writeanessaythatanalyzestherhetoricalstrategiesusedinafamousspeechofyourchoosing.(一篇著名演讲的修辞分析：写一篇文章，分析你选择的一篇著名演讲中使用的修辞策略。)”以及“Self-Assessment/CourseEvaluation:Thepurposeofthisassignmentistoassessyourworkinthecourseandthecourseitself.(自我评估/课程评估：这项作业的目的是评估你在课程中的工作和课程本身。)”可知，这两项是书面任务；再根据“RhetoricalAnalysisofFamousSpeech(20%)(著名演讲修辞分析(20%))”和“Self-evaluation(5%)(自我评价(5%))”可知，这两项书面任务占比为20%+5%=25%。故选B。BDuringherchildhoodsummerholidays,Elizabeth,hermotherandlittlebrotherwouldmaketheshorttripfromGlasgowtoLochLomondtorentaboat,packitwithcampingsuppliesandheadfortheislands．Thetripsbecameatradition.However,hermotherbecameunwell．Anythoughtofsummercampingtripsdisappearedgradually,asElizabeth,aged.13,becameoneoftheyoungcarersacrossBritainwithround-the-clockresponsibilityforherparent’swelfare．Theyounggirl’sworldbecameabouthelpinghermother．At18,shefoundherselfanxiousandunsureofwhattodonext．Itwasatthatpointthatshewasencouragedtoapplyfora19-dayresidentialcoursewithOutwardBound,anon-profitorganization,whichpridesitselfonuprootingyoungstersfromtheirhomecomfortsandgivingfundtothoselikeElizabethfromdisadvantagedbackgrounds.Fouryearson,Elizabethoweswhosheistodaytothecourse．Itwassotransformativethatshewastrainingtobecomeanoutdoorinstructorherself．“Ilearntmoreaboutmyselfinthose19daysthanIhadinmyentirelife．Whenyou’reataloss,youfeelquitedelicate．Youlearntobondandtrustquitequickly,”sherecalls．Thencamethemomentdescribedasoneofthebestofherlife．ThegrouphadbeenaskedtoclimbBenNevisbutwhentheywereclosetothesummit,theyrealizedtheyhadnotleftenoughtimeandhadtoturnback．Thenextdaytheyreturnedandcompletedit．“ClimbingBenNevistwiceintwodays,that’snotsomethingIeverwouldhavethoughtIwascapableofdoingatthestartofthecourse．ItiswhatIhavesufferedthatmakesmefacethedifficultiesbravely.”shesaid.Tobecomeaninstructor,Elizabethwasgainingqualificationsinclimbing,skiing,andmountainleadership,aswellasstudyingforadiplomaincounseling．Shewantstotakehermother,whoislosinghereyesight,campingagain．“IhopethatbeforethathappensIwillbeabletotakeheroutandshowherthethingsthatIgettosee.”shesaid.24．WhydidElizabethnolongercontinuethetraditionofsummercamping?A．Hermotherwasinbadcondition. B．Campingsupplieswerelacking.C．Shehadtobeoccupiedwithherstudy. D．Sheturnedherinterestintoclimbing.25．WhatimpactdidthecoursehaveonElizabeth?A．Itprovidedenoughhomecomfortsforher. B．Itcontributedtohergrowth.C．Itenhancedheroutdoorsurvivalskills. D．Ittaughthertoattendtopatients.26．WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesElizabeth?A．Ambitiousandtalented. B．Humorousandqualified.C．Caringanddetermined. D．Responsibleanddemanding.27．WhatcanbelearntfromElizabeth’sstory?A．Wellbegunishalfdone. B．Lovebreaksdownbarriers.C．Practicemakesperfect. D．Hardshipmakesonestronger.【答案】24．A25．B26．C27．D【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Elizabeth照顾生病的母亲，为了成为一名户外教练坚持努力学习和训练的励志故事。24．细节理解题。根据第二段中“However,hermotherbecameunwell．Anythoughtofsummercampingtripsdisappearedgradually,asElizabeth,aged.13,becameoneoftheyoungcarersacrossBritainwithround-the-clockresponsibilityforherparent’swelfare．(然而，她的母亲身体不适。随着13岁的伊丽莎白成为英国各地年轻的照顾者之一，她全天候负责父母的健康问题，任何关于夏季露营旅行的想法都逐渐消失了。)”可知，伊丽莎白不再延续夏令营的传统是因为她的母亲身体状况不佳。故选A。25．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Fouryearson,Elizabethoweswhosheistodaytothecourse．Itwassotransformativethatshewastrainingtobecomeanoutdoorinstructorherself．(四年过去了，伊丽莎白的今天归功于这门课程。这是如此巨大的变革，以至于为了成为一名户外教练的培训，她自己也在接受培训。)”可知，伊丽莎白能有今天的一切，是归功于这门课程，由此可知，这门课程有助于伊丽莎白的成长，故选B。26．推理判断题。根据第二段中“However,hermotherbecameunwell．Anythoughtofsummercampingtripsdisappearedgradually,asElizabeth,aged.13,becameoneoftheyoungcarersacrossBritainwithround-the-clockresponsibilityforherparent’swelfare．(然而，她的母亲身体不适。随着13岁的伊丽莎白成为英国各地年轻的照顾者之一，她全天候负责父母的健康问题，任何关于夏季露营旅行的想法都逐渐消失了。)”可知，她照顾生病的母亲，由此可知，她很关心他人，根据倒数第二段中““ClimbingBenNevistwiceintwodays,that’snotsomethingIeverwouldhavethoughtIwascapableofdoingatthestartofthecourse．ItiswhatIhavesufferedthatmakesmefacethedifficultiesbravely.”shesaid.(“在两天内两次攀登本尼维斯山，在课程开始的时候，我从未想过自己能做到这一点。正是我所遭受的一切，使我勇敢地面对困难。”她说。)”可知，她在两天内两次攀登本尼维斯山，勇敢面对困难，坚持不懈，由此可推知，她很有决心，故选C。27．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第二段中“However,hermotherbecameunwell．Anythoughtofsummercampingtripsdisappearedgradually,asElizabeth,aged.13,becameoneoftheyoungcarersacrossBritainwithround-the-clockresponsibilityforherparent’swelfare．(然而，她的母亲身体不适。随着13岁的伊丽莎白成为英国各地年轻的照顾者之一，她全天候负责父母的健康问题，任何关于夏季露营旅行的想法都逐渐消失了。)”可知，文章讲述了Elizabeth照顾生病的母亲，为了成为一名户外教练坚持努力学习和训练的励志故事。她虽然面对很多困难但是她没有放弃，勇敢面对，最终成为一名户外教练，由此可推知，从她的故事中可以得知，艰难困苦使人更坚强。故选D。CCommercialairlinesalonecontributearound3%oftotalglobalcarbonemissions．Buttheindustryisactivelylookingforgreensolutionsintheformofsustainablejetfuel,andinonecase,thatfuelmayhavehadapreviouslifeasyourhouseholdfoodwaste．InastudyreleasedthisweekintheProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciences,researchersdetailamethodoftransformingfoodwasteintosustainablejetfuelthatcanbeusedinexistingengines.Biomass(生物质),suchasmanure(粪便)andfoodwaste,canbetransformedintobio-fuels,whicharerenewableliquidfuelsmadefromorganicmatter．DerekVardon,aseniorresearchengineerattheNationalRenewableEnergyLaboratory(NREL),saysthattheirfuelworkedasamixtureof90%conventionalpetroljetfueland10%alternativejetfuelrequiredbytheindustrycurrently．Theyalsoshowtheycouldpushittoa70/30mixture,whichwillbepossibleinrealworldwithmoretimeandtesting.Majorairlinecompaniesareeagertogetinvolvedinsustainableaviationfuelbecausesomesustainablesolutions,suchasbattery-operatedcommercialplanes,justaren’tpossibleyetwithcurrentbatterytechnology．Abattery-poweredplanewouldbetooheavytoflylongdistances,sofuelthatworksinthesamewayasthefuelwehaveisasimplerwaytotradeoutemission-heavyfossilfuels.Vardonsaysthatbecausethewetwasteusedintheprocesswouldnormallygotoalandfill(垃圾填埋场)andbreakdowntoreleasegreenhousegases,theprocessofmakingandusingsustainableaviationfuelcouldactuallyhaveanegativecarbonfootprintwhenscaledup.Commercialairlinesareonboardtofindanaffordableandsustainablesolutiontothecarbon-intensiveprocessofairtravel．Airlinesarelookingtohitaggressivesustainabilitygoalsby2050,includingdecreasingnetcarbondioxideemissionsby50%.28．Whichofthefollowingisusedforsustainableairlinepower?A．Fossilfuel. B．Liquidfuel. C．Batterypower. D．Biomass.29．Whyarecommercialplanesstillfuel-powered?A．Fuel-poweredplanesarelikelytotravellighterandfarther.B．Biofuelisenvironmentallyfriendlyandsustainable.C．It’sconvenienttocreatetheproperfuelmixture.D．Biofuelproveslesscostlyandeasiertoproduce.30．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“onboard”inthelastparagraphreferto?A．takingoff. B．holdingameeting.C．participatingin. D．appearingonstage.31．Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．AlternativeEnergytoFossilFuel.B．HowtoGetFossilFuelSustainable.C．ChangingFoodWasteintoAirplaneFuel.D．HowtoDecreaseCarbonDioxideEmissions.【答案】28．D29．A30．C31．C【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了一项研究发现，可以将食物垃圾转化为可持续航空燃料。28．细节理解题。根据第一段关键句“InastudyreleasedthisweekintheProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciences,researchersdetailamethodoftransformingfoodwasteintosustainablejetfuelthatcanbeusedinexistingengines.”（本周发表在《美国国家科学院院刊》上的一项研究中，研究人员详细介绍了一种将食物垃圾转化为可用于现有发动机的可持续航空燃料的方法。）和第二段关键句“Biomass(生物质),suchasmanure(粪便)andfoodwaste,canbetransformedintobio-fuels,whicharerenewableliquidfuelsmadefromorganicmatter.”（生物质，如粪肥和食物垃圾，可以转化为生物燃料，这是由有机物制成的可再生液体燃料。）可知，生物质可以转化为生物燃料，可用于现有发动机的可持续航空燃料，由此可知，生物质可用于可持续的航空动力。故选D项。29．推理判断题。根据第三段关键句“Abattery-poweredplanewouldbetooheavytoflylongdistances,sofuelthatworksinthesamewayasthefuelwehaveisasimplerwaytotradeoutemission-heavyfossilfuels.”（电池驱动的飞机太重了，无法长途飞行，因此与我们现有的燃料工作方式相同的燃料是一种更简单的方式来替代排放量大的化石燃料。）可知，商用飞机仍以化石燃料驱动，因为电池驱动的飞机太重了，无法长途飞行，由此可知，商用飞机仍以化石燃料驱动是因为化石燃料驱动的飞机可能会飞得更轻、更远。故选A项。30．词义猜测题。根据第画线短语下文“Airlinesarelookingtohitaggressivesustainabilitygoalsby2050,includingdecreasingnetcarbondioxideemissionsby50%.”（航空公司希望在2050年前实现积极的可持续发展目标，包括将二氧化碳净排放量减少50%。）可知，航空公司也在努力减少二氧化碳排放量，实现可持续发展目标，由此可知，商业航空公司也参与到了寻找可持续的解决方案中，“participatingin”意为“参与”，能够表达画线短语在句中所要表达的意思。故选C项。31．主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段关键句“InastudyreleasedthisweekintheProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciences,researchersdetailamethodoftransformingfoodwasteintosustainablejetfuelthatcanbeusedinexistingengines.”（本周发表在《美国国家科学院院刊》上的一项研究中，研究人员详细介绍了一种将食物垃圾转化为可用于现有发动机的可持续航空燃料的方法。）可知，本文主要介绍了一项研究发现，可以将食物垃圾转化为可持续航空燃料，“ChangingFoodWasteintoAirplaneFuel”意为“将食物垃圾转化为飞机燃料”，选项能够概括文章主要内容。故选C项。D“Silenceisasourceofgreatstrength.”—LaoTzu．Whenwestopbombarding(轰击)thebodywithsounds,wemayseebenefitsforourbrain,ourbloodpressureandourbreathing.Imagineaplacewhereyoucan’ttalk,telephone,read,writeoraccesstheInternet．Boredomcansoonturnintopleasureasthebrain,fromastateofchaos,findspeace．TheexplorerErlingKaggehasexperiencedalotofsilenceduringhislongtraveltoreachthe“threepoles”．Byshuttingouttheworld,hehaslearnttoseetheworldmoreclearlyandunlocknewwaysofthinking.Scientificstudieshaveshownussomethinginteresting．Whenmicearemadetolistentosilencefortwohoursadayforthreedays,braincellsinthehippocampus(thepartofthebrainresponsibleforlearningandmemory)increaseinnumber．Dr．GerdKemperman,leadingauthorofthepaper,suggeststhatsilencecausestheproductionofmorebraincellstoincreasealertness(警觉)andreadinessfor“futurecognitive(认知的)challenges”.Inhumans,listeningtoslowmusichasbeenshowntoreducebloodpressure,heartrateandbreathingrate．Addingtwominutesofsilencetothemusiclowersbloodpressureandbreathingevenfurther.“Silenceisgolden,”butwhenitcomestoyourhealth,cansilencealsobedeadly?“Ifoundsolitary(单独监禁)themostforbiddingaspectofprisonlife．Therewasnoendandnobeginning;therewasonlyone’smind,whichcouldbegintoplaytricks,”saidNelsonMandela,reflectingonhis27yearsinprison.Asilentmindcanbeunbearable—andcanevendriveyouovertheedge．InoneexperimentfromHarvardandtheUniversityofVirginia,someparticipantsweresoopposedtoa15-minutesilencethattheychosetoself-administeranelectricshocktoescapethesilence.Whensilenceislinkedtoloneliness,yourphysicalhealthmayalsosuffer．Lonelinesshasbeenshowntobeassociatedwitha29percentincreaseinriskofheartdiseaseanda32percentincreaseinthedisease—stroke.There’sanothertypeofsilencethatis“killinggoodpeople”accordingtoPrinceWilliam．It’snotthelackofauditory(听觉的)inputtoyourears;it’sfailingtospeakoutwhenyou’reanxiousorstrugglingtocope,andthat’samajorcauseofsuicide(自杀).32．What’sthefunctionofparagraph1?A．Toproveanopinion. B．Tointroduceatopic.C．Topresentanexample. D．Togiveadefinition.33．Whatistheauthor’spurposeinmentioningErlingKagge?A．Toproveeveryoneneedssilence.B．Togiveusanexampletolearnfrom.C．Toindicatesilenceworkstoouradvantage.D．Toshowhumanscankeepthingsinperspectiveinsilence.34．Whycansilencealsobedeadlytosomeextent?A．Asilentmindcancausepeopletofight.B．Alonelymindwithsilenceleadstomostheartdiseases.C．Toomuchsilencecanmakepeoplephysicallyunbearable.D．Ahelplessstateofmindinsilencecanincreasethetendencyofsuicide.35．Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardstheeffectofsilence?A．Negative. B．Objective. C．Supportive. D．Doubtful.【答案】32．B22．B34．D35．B【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了沉默对身心的好处和坏处。32．推理判断题。根据第一段“‘Silenceisasourceofgreatstrength.’—LaoTzu．Whenwestopbombarding(轰击)thebodywithsounds,wemayseebenefitsforourbrain,ourbloodpressureandourbreathing.(‘沉默是力量的源泉。’——老子。当我们停止用声音轰炸身体时，我们可能会看到对大脑、血压和呼吸的好处。)”可知，第一段提出沉默对大脑、血压和呼吸有好处，接着第二、三、四段具体从探险家ErlingKagge、科学研究、听音乐等方面讲述了沉默对身心的好处。由此可推测出，第一段主要是为了引出主题。故选B。33．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“TheexplorerErlingKaggehasexperiencedalotofsilenceduringhislongtraveltoreachthe‘threepoles’．Byshuttingouttheworld,hehaslearnttoseetheworldmoreclearlyandunlocknewwaysofthinking.(探险家ErlingKagge在到达‘三极’的漫长旅程中经历了很多沉默。通过将世界拒之门外，他学会了更清晰地看待世界，并开启新的思维方式。)”可知，探险家ErlingKagge从沉默中学会了更清晰地看待世界和新的思维方式；由此可推测出，作者提到ErlingKagge是为了给读者一个从中学习的例子。故选B。34．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“it’sfailingtospeakoutwhenyou’reanxiousorstrugglingtocope,andthat’samajorcauseofsuicide(自杀)(当你焦虑或难以应对时，你会说不出来，这是自杀的主要原因)”可知，当人处于焦虑或难以应对的情况时，无法宣泄出来是导致自杀的主要原因。由此可推测出，沉默中无助的心态会增加自杀倾向。故选D。35．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中的“Whenwestopbombarding(轰击)thebodywithsounds,wemayseebenefitsforourbrain,ourbloodpressureandourbreathing.(当我们停止用声音轰炸身体时，我们可能会看到对大脑、血压和呼吸的好处。)”和第五段中的“‘Silenceisgolden,’butwhenitcomestoyourhealth,cansilencealsobedeadly?(‘沉默是金’，但当涉及到你的健康时，沉默也会致命吗？)”可知，本文主要讲述了沉默对身心的好处和坏处，并没有发表作者个人的偏好。由此可推测出，作者对沉默的影响持客观态度。故选B。第二节(共5小题:每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Yogahasawell-deservedreputationforhelpingimprovebalanceandflexibilityandforinducingcalmandrelaxation．36Whileyoumightnotburnasmanycaloriesbypracticingyogaasyouwouldbyrunningordoingsomeotherhigh-intensityactivities,yogacanstillraiseyourheartrateandhelpbuildmuscle．Here’smoreabouthowyogaisacompletebodyandmindworkout.●Reducestressandreducepounds．Yogahelpsdealwithstress．37Yogahasanimpactonthebody’sstressresponseandreducestheproductionofchemicalslinkedtoweightgain,suchascortisol(皮质醇),astresshormone.●Movewellandeatwell．38Participantsinvolvedinyogapracticerealizethattheytendtonoticenotonlytheamountoffoodtheyeat,butalsowhattypeoffoodstheyeatandtheimpactofeatingthosefoods．Theybecomeawareoftheeffectofcertainfoodsontheirbodiesduringtheiryogapractice.●39Doingyogalongtermnotonlycanhelppeopleloseweightbutalsocanstrengthencognitiveskillstohelpkeepitoff．Amultiyearstudyexaminesthepossibilityofyogamaintainingweightloss．Itsfindingssuggestthatyogamayhelptoimprovelong-termweightlossoutcomesviaimprovementsindistresstolerance,self-compassionandamorepositivemood.Yogaisaveryreasonableformofexercise,butyouhavetochoosetherighttype．A2021studyfoundnodifferenceinweightlosstotalsforparticipantspracticingagentle,restorativeyogaversusamorevigoroustypeofyoga．40Everybodycanbenefitfromayogapractice.A．Makeweightlosslast.B．Learnaboutcognitiveskills.C．Studiesshowthathighlevelsofcortisolcanleadtoanincreaseinfat.D．Severalstudieshaveconfirmedthatdoingyogadoesraisecortisollevels.E．Yogahelpsbreakolddietaryhabitsandrelatedunconsciouspatternsofbehavior.F．Actually,thebestyogaisthepracticethatfitsforyou—theoneyou’llcommitto.G．Butasforweightloss,manypeopleassumeothertypesofexercisewillbenefitmore.【答案】36．G37．C38．E39．A40．F【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了瑜伽的作用和如何选择适合自己的瑜伽类型。36．上文“Yogahasawell-deservedreputationforhelpingimprovebalanceandflexibilityandforinducingcalmandrelaxation.(瑜伽在帮助改善平衡和灵活性、诱导平静和放松方面享有实至名归的声誉)”介绍了瑜伽的好处，但下文“Whileyoumightnotburnasmanycaloriesbypracticingyogaasyouwouldbyrunningordoingsomeotherhigh-intens