福建省福州市福清市高中联合体2023-2024学年高二上学期期末联考英语试题

20232024学年第一学期高二年期末质量检测英语学科试卷（全卷共10页，完卷时间120分钟，满分150分）第Ⅰ卷第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.WhenisMary’sbirthday?A.OnMonday.B.OnTuesday.C.OnWednesday.2.Howdidthewomangettoworktoday?A.Bytaxi.B.Bybike.C.Bybus.3.Whatdidthemandoduringhisholiday?A.Hewalkedalongthebeach.B.Heswamintheocean.C.Hewentfishing.4.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Janice’sarminjury.B.Theirmessyhouse.C.Acaraccident.5.WhattypeoffilmisTheOutfit?A.edy.B.Sciencefiction.C.Crimefilm.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.WhoisCindy?A.Ateacher.B.Astudent.C.Anenvironmentalexpert.7.WhatdoesCindyworrymostaboutthefuturepublictransport?A.Theeffectontheenvironment.B.Thearrivalanddeparturetime.C.Thehighcostonit.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Wherearethespeakers?A.Inapostoffice.B.Inasouvenirshop.C.Inaworkshop.9.Whatwillthemansendtohissister?A.Somevases.B.Somekeyrings.C.Someshellcrafts.10Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodo?A.Paybycash.B.Fillinaform.C.Giveherabusinesscard.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.WhatisTomdoing?A.Makingaposter.B.Findingaparkingspace.C.Attendingademonstration.12.Whatisthepurposeofthedemonstration?A.Togetanewmarket.B.TotellpeoplewhatSpacePartyis.C.Topreventthegovernmentfrombuildingacarpark.13.WhatwillJanedo?A.WatchTV.B.Goshopping.C.Playvolleyball.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.Whywasthemanontheroofyesterday?A.Tocoolhimself.B.Torepairit.C.Toputsomethingonit.15.Howdoesthewomanexaminetheman?A.ByhavinganXray.B.Bytakinghistemperature.C.Bylookingathisthroatandear.16.Whatdoesthewomanadvisethemantodo?A.Domoreexercise.B.Getsomerest.C.Drinkmorewater.17.Howoftenshouldthemantakepills?A.Threetimesaday.B.Twiceaday.C.Onceaday.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.Whichroadwillstayclosedforoveranhour?A.M16.B.M43.C.M48.19.WhyisNorthStreetclosedtoallcars?A.Thesnowisthick.B.Itisunderrepair.C.There’sanaccident.20.Howcanpassengersgetthelatestinformationabouttrains?A.Bymakingacall.B.Byvisitingawebsite.C.Bylisteningtotheradio.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A，B，C，D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AMostpeopleagreethateatinghealthyfoodisimportant.Butsometimesmakinggoodfoodchoicescanbetough.Now,thereareappsthatcanhelppeoplelearnaboutthefoodtheyeattoimprovetheirdiets.OpenTableOpenTablehelpspeoplechooserestaurantswhentheywanttogoouttoeat.OpenTableisafreeservicethatshowsusersrestaurantavailabilitybasedonwhereandwhentheywanttodine.OpenTableuserscanalsomakereservationsdirectlythroughtheapporwebsite.EpicuriousEpicuriousisafreeappandwebsitetohelpusersfindrecipesandbeebettercooks.Theapphasmorethan30,000recipesandcancreateashoppinglistbasedontheingredients(原料)inarecipe.Theappratesrecipesforpopularityandotherqualitiesandinformusersaboutvegetablesinseasonindifferentareas.HappyCowTheHappyCowappismadefreelyforVegetarians.Userscansearchforvegetarianrestaurantsandstoresaroundtheworld.TheHappyCowappisbasedontheHappyCowwebsitewhereuserscandiscoverplacesnearbyorsearchusingkeywords.LocalEatsRestaurantchains,likeMcDonalds,canbefoundalmostanywhereapersonmighttravel.Butsometimestouristswanttoeatlikelocals.ThewebsiteandappLocalEatsisdesignedforthat,whichcanhelpyoufindlocalrestaurantsinmajorcitiesintheUSandinothercountries.1.Whichappcanhelppeoplebookatableforamealinadvance?A.OpenTable. B.LocalEats. C.Epicurious. D.HappyCow.2.WhomightbeinterestedintheappLocalEats?A.Appdesigners. B.Travelers. C.Vegetarians. D.Chefs.3.Thistextintroducestheseappstohelppeopleto________.A.savemoney B.bebettercooks C.eatbetter D.makegoodfood【答案】1.A2.B3.C【解析】【分析】本文是说明文。大多数人都想吃的健康，但是有时候选择好食物很难，而本文就给读者介绍了几个帮助了解健康饮食的应用软件。【1题详解】细节推理题。根据OpenTable中的OpenTableuserscanalsomakereservationsdirectlythroughtheapporwebsite.(OpenTable用户也可以直接通过app或网站进行预订)可知，这一软件可以帮助人们提前预定饭菜。故选A。【2题详解】推理判断题。根据LocalEats中的Restaurantchains,likeMcDonalds,canbefoundalmostanywhereapersonmighttravel.Butsometimestouristswanttoeatlikelocals.(连锁餐厅，就像麦当劳一样，几乎可以在任何一个人可能去的地方找到。但有时游客想像当地人一样吃饭)可推断，这一软件适合旅游者们。故选B。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段thereareappsthatcanhelppeoplelearnaboutthefoodtheyeattoimprovetheirdiets.(有一些应用程序可以帮助人们了解他们吃的食物，以改善他们的饮食)可知，文章介绍这几个软件是为了提高人们的饮食，使饮食更健康。故选C。【点睛】推理判断题的解题方法：推理判断题不仅要求考生读懂文章中的每个句子的意思还要推理它们之间的关系，结合自己的生活常识和经验，再通过逻辑推理和判断，理解文章的言外之意，从而揭示文章的深层涵义。例如小题3，根据第一段thereareappsthatcanhelppeoplelearnaboutthefoodtheyeattoimprovetheirdiets.(有一些应用程序可以帮助人们了解他们吃的食物，以改善他们的饮食)可知，文章介绍这几个软件是为了提高人们的饮食，使饮食更健康。故选C。推理判断题的答案不可能在文章中直接找到，因此推理时我们务必要忠于原文，在文章中寻找并确定可推论的依据，即：已知部分——推论的前提，从中推测出未知部分——推理的结论，切忌妄加评论，把自己的观点当成作者的观点。BAsakid,IwasalwaysaroundanimalsandIalwaysenjoyedit.Aftermysenioryearofhighschool,westartedrentingthisfarm.ThenIwentawaytoRhodeIslandSchoolofDesigntobeeanarchitect.Afterabouttwoyearsandahalf,IfoundthatwasnotquitewhatIwantedtodo.IfeltIwantedtobeanarchitectandhaveahobbyfarm.Butwhynotjusthaveafarmandmakeitmycareer?It’sanexcitingbusiness.Ithinkalotofpeopledon’trealizewhat’sinvolvedwithdairyfarming(奶牛业).WetooksometripstosomeprogressivefarmsoutinNewYorkwhenwefirststarted.Anditreallychangedmyattitudeofwhatyoucando.Youcanbeasuccessfulbusinesspersonwithalotofchallenges.Andthosechallengesarepartofwhatmakesitveryexciting—it’snotjustmilkingcows.There’snutritionandfinancesandalotofbigdaytodaydecisions.Well,landisthebiggestobstacle.Securingenoughlandisimportant.Wedon’tjustneedthelandfortheanimals;wealsoneedittodistributethemanurefromthecows.Andthere’sarealbalance,arealrecycling.Youtakethefeed;yougiveittothecows,andthecowsgiveyoumilk,buttheyalsogiveyoualotofmanure.Andthebestthingtodoisputtingitbackontheland.Youneed2acrespercowbasically,acowanditscalf.Thelandthatwerentisbeautifulandthelandthatweownisbeautiful.Ifyougethalfamileofftheroadandlookingbackatsceneryacrossthevalley,it’simpressive.Yougettherowsofgrassandthecowsinthedistance.4.Whichofthefollowingisincludedinthedairyfarmingaccordingtothetext?A.Designingforthedairyfarming.B.Playingwiththecowsaroundthefarm.C.Takingtripsaroundthefarmtoenjoylife.D.Milkingcows,nutrition,financesanddecisions.5.What’sthebiggestchallengethattheauthorfaced?A.Hugeamountsofmoney. B.Securingenoughland.C.Highlyqualifiedmilkcows. D.Quantitiesofworkers.6.What’sthemeaningoftheunderlinedwordinParagraph3?A.Milkfromthecows. B.Chemicalfertilizers.C.Wasteofthecows. D.Foodofferedtocows.7.Whichoneisthebesttitleforthistext?A.BuildingaSuccessfulDairyBusinessB.FamousFarmersAroundtheWorldC.HighlyQualifiedMilkCowsD.TheArchitectureDesigner【答案】4.D5.B6.C7.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者从事奶牛农场经营的经历。作者喜欢动物，打算把经营农场作为自己的事业，文章也讲述了他在奶牛农场经营中遇到的挑战。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Andthosechallengesarepartofwhatmakesitveryexciting—it’snotjustmilkingcows.There’snutritionandfinancesandalotofbigdaytodaydecisions.(这些挑战是令人兴奋的部分原因——这不仅仅是挤奶。有营养和财务以及许多重大的日常决策)”可知，根据文章，奶牛养殖包括挤奶、营养、财务和日常决策。故选D。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Well,landisthebiggestobstacle.Securingenoughlandisimportant.(好吧，土地是最大的障碍。确保足够的土地很重要)”可知，作者面临的最大挑战是确保有足够的土地，故选B。【6题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线单词所在句子“Wedon’tjustneedthelandfortheanimals;wealsoneedittodistributethemanurefromthecows.(我们不仅需要为动物提供土地；我们还需要它来分配奶牛的manure)”和下文“Andthere’sarealbalance,arealrecycling.Youtakethefeed;yougiveittothecows,andthecowsgiveyoumilk,buttheyalsogiveyoualotofmanure.(这是真正的平衡，真正的回收。你接受饲料；你把它给奶牛，奶牛给你牛奶，但它们也给你很多manure)”以及常识可知，奶牛不仅产奶，而且还会产生大量粪便，粪便被回收，作为土地的营养，由此可推知，划线单词意为“粪便”，与C项“牛的粪便。”意思一样，故选C。【7题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第二段“It’sanexcitingbusiness.Ithinkalotofpeopledon’trealizewhat’sinvolvedwithdairyfarming(奶牛业).WetooksometripstosomeprogressivefarmsoutinNewYorkwhenwefirststarted.Anditreallychangedmyattitudeofwhatyoucando.Youcanbeasuccessfulbusinesspersonwithalotofchallenges.Andthosechallengesarepartofwhatmakesitveryexciting—it’snotjustmilkingcows.There’snutritionandfinancesandalotofbigdaytodaydecisions.(这是一项令人兴奋的事业。我认为很多人不了解奶牛业涉及什么。刚开始时，我们去了纽约的一些先进农场。这确实改变了我对你能做什么的态度。你可以成为一名成功的商人，同时面临很多挑战。这些挑战是令人兴奋的部分原因——这不仅仅是挤奶，且关于营养和财务以及许多重大的日常决策)”可知，文章主要介绍了作者成功建立乳品企业的经历，A项“建立成功的乳制品企业”适合作文章标题，故选A。CWhenIwassmall,mymotherandIwouldwalktoourlocallibraryinFranklinSquare.Aswedidn’talwayshaveaccesstoareliablecar,walkinghandinhandwasthemostconvenientwaytogetanywhere.ItwasatstorytimeforchildrenthatbothmymotherandImadelastingfriendships.Today,IamfortunatetolivearoundthecornerfromtheGoldCoastPublicLibraryinGlenHeadandashortwalktotheSeaCliffChildren’sLibrary.My18montholdson,Colin,andIfindourselvesinSeaCliffseveraltimesaweek,meetingandmakingfriends.Well,thatiswhatmanypeopledon’tunderstand—alibraryismorethanbooks;it’samunity.Sure,thelibraryinFranklinSquarewastheplacewhereIwasintroducedtoJudyBlumenovels.ButitwasalsotheplacewhereIgotmyfirstemailaddressin1997.Atthelibrary,friendsandIlearnedhowtoresearchcollegesandsearchforscholarshipsontheInternet.Thelibrarywastheplacewherewesometimesgiggled(咯咯地笑)tooloudly,andwherethelibrariansknewusbyname.Theirknowingournameswasn’tabadthing.WhenIcamehomefrommyfirsttermatBinghamtonUniversity,MaryLaRosa,thelibrarianattheFranklinSquarelibraryofferedmemyfirstteachingjob.InowteachreadingatNassaumunityCollege.MystudentsareoftenamazedthattheycancheckoutbooksviatheirsmartphonesandvirtuallyvisitavarietyofLongIslandlibraries.TheappusedbyNassauandSuffolkcountypubliclibraries,aswellasthecollegelibrary,makestheirhomeworkeasierbyhelpingthemfindresources.Eventhoughtheycan’talwayseasilyvisittheirlocallibraries,thelibraryisalwayswiththem.8.Whydoestheauthorconsiderherselfluckytoday?A.Shehasbeehermother’sbestfriend.B.Shehasaccesstoareliablecarnow.C.Shecanmeetfriendsatthelibrary.D.Shelivesclosetolibraries.9.Whatdidtheauthordoatthelibraryaccordingtothepassage?A.Shetoldstoriestohermother. B.SheinitiallyreadJudyBlumenovels.C.Shegothercurrentteachingjob. D.Shelearnedhowtogoonline.10.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetoherstudents’wayofvisitinglibraries?A.Cautious. B.Ambiguous. C.Favourable. D.Disapproving.11.Whydoestheauthorwritethetext?A.Toexpresshowlibrarieschange.B.Tointroduceherfavouritelibraries.C.Toexpressherdeepconcernforlibraries.D.Todiscusswhylibrariesareimportant.【答案】8.D9.B10.C11.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了从作者小时候到成家生子再到工作教书这一路上图书馆的变化。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Today,IamfortunatetolivearoundthecornerfromtheGoldCoastPublicLibraryinGlenHeadandashortwalktotheSeaCliffChildren’sLibrary.(今天，我很幸运地住在格伦黑德黄金海岸公共图书馆的拐角处，步行不远就能到达海崖儿童图书馆)”可知，作者认为自己很幸运是因为她住得离图书馆很近。故选D。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Sure,thelibraryinFranklinSquarewastheplacewhereIwasintroducedtoJudyBlumenovels.(当然，富兰克林广场的图书馆是我初次了解朱迪·布鲁姆小说的地方)”可知，作者最初在图书馆读到了朱迪·布鲁姆的小说。故选B。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“MystudentsareoftenamazedthattheycancheckoutbooksviatheirsmartphonesandvirtuallyvisitavarietyofLongIslandlibraries.TheappusedbyNassauandSuffolkcountypubliclibraries,aswellasthecollegelibrary,makestheirhomeworkeasierbyhelpingthemfindresources.Eventhoughtheycan’talwayseasilyvisittheirlocallibraries,thelibraryisalwayswiththem.(我的学生们经常感到惊讶的是，他们可以通过智能借书，还可以参观长岛的各种图书馆。拿骚县和萨福克县公共图书馆以及大学图书馆使用的应用程序通过帮助他们查找资源，使他们的家庭作业更容易。尽管他们不能总是容易地参观当地的图书馆，但图书馆总是与他们同在)”可知，学生可以使用图书馆的应用程序查找资源，帮助做家庭作业，虽然学生不能总是容易地去当地的图书馆，但可以通过访问虚拟图书馆来获取想要的资源。由此可推测出，作者对学生们访问虚拟图书馆的方式是支持的。故选C。【11题详解】推理判断题。第一段讲述了作者小时候和妈妈一起去图书馆，作者和母亲在给儿童讲故事的时候建立了持久的友谊；第二段讲述了作者和儿子经常去图书馆见朋友和交朋友，图书馆是一个社区；第三段讲述了作者在图书馆里阅读小说、注册了电子邮箱、在网上查阅资料，这里是作者和朋友欢聚的地方，并且作者他们与那里的图书馆管理员建立了良好的关系；最后一段讲述了作者在大学教书时学生们能够非常便利地访问虚拟图书馆。由此可推测出，本文主要讲述了从作者小时候到成家生子再到工作教书这一路上图书馆的变化。故选A。DIt'snosecretthatinhaling(吸入)smokeisbadforyourlungs.Butnow,scientistsaresuggestingsmokemayalsocarryandspreadinfectiousdiseases.Thetheory,publishedinScienceMagazine,isbasedontheresearchthatfoundwildfiresmokeisfullofthousandsofspeciesofmicroorganisms(微生物).Someofthesemicroorganisms,includingbacteriaandfungalspores(真菌抱子).areknowntocausedisease.Thenewresearchsuggeststhatwhenawildfireburnsplantsoranimalmatteranddisturbssoils,itexposesthousandsofspeciesofbacteriaandfungithatotherwisemightnoteasilybeeairborne.Youmightthinkthehighheatfromfirewouldkilltheseorganisms,butonestudymentionedinthearticlefoundthatsomebacteriaevenmultiplyafterfires.Scientistssaytheorganismsstickwithsmokeparticulates(颗粒物),allowingthemtotravelthousandsofmilesacrosscontinents.Dr.PeterChen,directoroftheDivisionofPulmonaryandCriticalCareMedicineatCedarsSinaiMedicalCenterinLosAngeles,isinterestedinthetheorybutsomewhatskepticalthatthemicroorganismsinsmokewouldactuallycauseinfections.Manybacteriaandfungidon'tcauselunginfections,saysChen,butit'scertainlypossiblethatasignificantnumbercouldworsensymptomsinsomeonewithapreexistinglungcondition."Ialwaysthoughtitwastheparticulatesinsmokethatwerecausingtheseissues,"saysChen."ButwhenIreadthis,Istartedthinking,coulditbethemicroorganismsthatarealsoworseningexistingillnesses?"Whetherthemicroorganismsinsmokeactuallycauseinfectionsorsimplyworsenpotentialrespiratory(呼吸的)issues,thearticleraisesanewhealththreatthatis"certainlyalarming",saysKelseyJack,anassociateprofessorofenvironmentalanddevelopmenteconomics.Thisisespeciallytrueforlowerinepopulations,Jacksays,becausepeoplewithfewerprotectivemeansareoftenmoreexposedtotheenvironment.Ifsmokeisaffectingtheairqualityinacertainarea,thepeoplewhoworkoutside,orwhohavetogototheofficeonfootorbybikewillinhalemoresmokethanthosewhodrive.Butuntilmoreresearchisdone,Chensaysthebestthingpeoplecandoisjustfollowexistingremendationswhenairqualityispoorincludingstayingindoors,keepingwindowsanddoorsclosed,usingHEPAfiltersandrunningairconditioning.12.WhatcanweknowaboutthemicroorganismsfromParagraph2?A.Somecouldreproduceafterfires.B.Theycouldbekilledbyhighheat.C.Theycouldpossiblytravelthroughairbythemselves.D.Somecouldcopythesmokeparticulates.13.HowdomostmicroorganismsaffectpeopleaccordingtoDr.PeterChen?A.Theywillcauselunginfection. B.Theymightworsenlungdiseases.CTheywilldestroylivingenvironments. D.Theymightdamagerespiratorysystems.14.WhyarelowerinepeoplesufferingmorethanothersaccordingtoKelseyJack?A.Theyliveinpoorareas. B.Theydrivetoandfromwork·C.Theyhavesufferedfromlungdisease. D.Theyareexposedtopollutedairmorefrequently.15.WhatdoesChenadvisepeopletodointhelastparagraph?A.Towaitfortheresultsofmoreresearches.B.Toignoretheairqualityandtoworkoutoutdoors.C.Tofollowprevioussuggestionsondealingwithpoorairquality.D.Toavoidusingfiltersandairconditioning.【答案】12.A13.B14.D15.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。科学家们认为烟雾也可能携带和传播传染病。发表在《科学》杂志上的这一理论基于一项研究，该研究发现野火烟雾中充满了数千种微生物。其中一些微生物会引起疾病。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Youmightthinkthehighheatfromfirewouldkilltheseorganisms,butonestudymentionedinthearticlefoundthatsomebacteriaevenmultiplyafterfires.”（你可能认为大火的高温会杀死这些生物，但文章中提到的一项研究发现，一些细菌在火灾后甚至会繁殖。）可知，从第二段我们可以了解到有些微生物在火灾后还能再生。故选A。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Manybacteriaandfungidon'tcauselunginfections,saysChen,butit'scertainlypossiblethatasignificantnumbercouldworsensymptomsinsomeonewithapreexistinglungcondition.”（陈教授说，许多细菌和真菌不会引起肺部感染，但有相当数量的细菌和真菌可能会使已有肺部疾病的人的症状恶化。）可知，陈彼得博士认为大多数微生物可能会加重肺部疾病。故选B。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Thisisespeciallytrueforlowerinepopulations,Jacksays,becausepeoplewithfewerprotectivemeansareoftenmoreexposedtotheenvironment.”（这对低收入人群来说尤其如此，杰克说，因为保护手段较少的人往往更容易暴露在环境中。）可知，烟雾会传播疾病这件事对低收入的人群有更大的影响，是因为他们更多地直接接触环境。故选D。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Butuntilmoreresearchisdone,Chensaysthebestthingpeoplecandoisjustfollowexistingremendationswhenairqualityispoorincludingstayingindoors,keepingwindowsanddoorsclosed,usingHEPAfiltersandrunningairconditioning.”（但在更多的研究完成之前，陈教授说，人们能做的最好的事情就是在空气质量差的时候遵循现有的建议——包括待在室内、关好门窗、使用高效空气过滤器和开空调。）可知，Dr.Chen在最后一段建议人们遵循现有的避开恶劣空气的建议。故选C。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。DingNinghaswonmanyawardsduringhertabletenniscareer,includinganOlympicgoldmedalinwomen’stabletennissingles.____16____ShehasstartedanewchapterasagraduatestudentattheDepartmentofPhysicalEducationatPekingUniversity.Usedtobeatabletennisspecialist,Dingnowwantstobeanallrounder.Tomakethathappen,Dingplanstobroadenherstudiesandtalktolikemindedpeoplefromdifferentbackgrounds.____17____Theworldchampionseemsalittlenervouswhenspeakingaboutherfutureacademiclifebecausesheconsidersitachallenge.“It’sasifyou’dgrownupstudyingandweresuddenlyaskedtoplaytabletennis.____18____evenifyoumayhavecourageandenthusiasmand/viceversa”,shesaid.Thissuddenchangeinherlifeandtheacpanyinguncertaintiesareonlypartofherchallenge—herreputation(名声)isanother.____19____Itgetshermorehelpandsupportontheonehand,butattractsattentionandhigherexpectationsontheother.Sheisnotonetostepbackfromadversity(逆境)andhasoftensaidthatitisimportanttohaveabraveheart.Asshefacesnewchallengesonheracademicpath,shebelievestherearealwaysmoresolutionsthanproblems.Shehopesthatinthefuture,shecanteachteenagersabouthealthyexercise.____20____Shealsohopesthatherchoicetogobacktocollegewillinspireyoungerathletestoexploreotherpossibilitiesafterretirementandgetgreateropportunities.A.Todayshegivesupbothofthem.B.ForDing,fameisadoubleedgedsword.C.Beinganallrounderopensupnewhorizons.D.SheannouncedherretirementfromthegameonSep.6.E.Thatisnotonlythroughherexperience,butalsothroughtheory.F.Youstillcan’timaginewhatdifficultiesanathletemightexperience.G.Shehasalsochosentostudypsychologybesidestherequiredcourses.【答案】16.D17.G18.F19.B20.E【解析】【导语】本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了乒乓球运动员丁宁退役后成为北大的研究生。面对新的挑战，丁宁不退缩，她希望未来能够教青少年进行健康的运动，并激励年轻的运动员退役后探索其他的可能，获得更多的机会。【16题详解】上文“DingNinghaswonmanyawardsduringhertabletenniscareer,includinganOlympicgoldmedalinwomen’stabletennissingles.(丁宁在乒乓球生涯中获得了许多奖项，其中包括奥运会女子乒乓球单打金牌。)”指出丁宁在乒乓球生涯中获得了许多奖项，下文“ShehasstartedanewchapterasagraduatestudentattheDepartmentofPhysicalEducationatPekingUniversity.(作为北京大学体育系研究生，她开启了新的篇章)”指出丁宁已经开始了新的学习生活，这说明丁宁已经退役，并开始了新的生活，D项“她于9月6日宣布退役”符合。故选D。【17题详解】上文“Tomakethathappen,Dingplanstobroadenherstudiesandtalktolikemindedpeoplefromdifferentbackgrounds(为了实现这一目标，丁计划扩大她的学习范围，并与来自不同背景的志同道合的人交谈)”指出丁宁为了成为多面手做了很多计划，空处承接上文，继续介绍丁宁为了成为多面手所做的一些计划，G项“除了必修课外，她还选择学习心理学”符合。故选G。【18题详解】根据上文“Theworldchampionseemsalittlenervouswhenspeakingaboutherfutureacademiclifebecausesheconsidersitachallenge.It’sasifyou’dgrownupstudyingandweresuddenlyaskedtoplaytabletennis.(这位世界冠军在谈到她未来的学术生活时似乎有点紧张，因为她认为这是一个挑战。“这就好像你是在学习中长大的，突然被要求打乒乓球一样。”)”和下文“evenifyoumayhavecourageandenthusiasmand/viceversa(即使您可能有勇气和热情，反之亦然)”可知，此处丁宁用反例说明一个运动员退役后学习可能会面临很多困难，F项“你还是无法想象运动员会经历什么困难”符合。故选F。【19题详解】上文“Thissuddenchangeinherlifeandtheacpanyinguncertaintiesareonlypartofherchallenge—herreputation(名声)isanother.(她生活中的突然变化和随之而来的不确定性只是她面临的挑战的一部分——她的名声是另一个挑战)”指出她的名声给她带来挑战，根据下文“Itgetshermorehelpandsupportontheonehand,butattractsattentionandhigherexpectationsontheother.(一方面让她得到更多的帮助和支持，另一方面也吸引了更多的关注和更高的期望)”可知，名声有好处也有坏处，是一把双刃剑，B项“对于丁来说，名气是一把双刃剑”符合，引起下文。故选B。【20题详解】上文“Shehopesthatinthefuture,shecanteachteenagersabouthealthyexercise.(她希望将来能向青少年传授健康锻炼知识)”指出丁宁希望未来能向青少年传授健康锻炼知识，空处承接上文，指出该如何向青少年传授健康锻炼知识，E项“这不仅是通过她的经验，而且通过理论”符合，That代指上文“teachteenagersabouthealthyexercise”。故选E。第三部分完形填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A，B，C，D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Iwasrecentlyinvolvedinabadtrafficaccident.IwasknockedunconsciousbytheimpactsoIdon’t___21___anythingabouttheaccident.Myfirstmemoryisbeinggivenoxygenasthedoctorsandnursestriedto___22___mebacktolife.AsIlayintheemergencyroomIfoundmyself___23___mylifeandthankingGodthatIwasstill___24___.Thegoodnewsisthatnobodyelsewas___25___.Sincethatday,thephysicalrecoveryhasbeen___26___butnotastoughastheemotionalrecovery.I'velearnedalotaboutmyselfandaboutwhatreally___27___inthisworld.Thingsthatarereallyimportantarenot“things”.I’mnotinvincible(无敌的)andIcannot___28___everythingthathappensinmylife.Ineedtobebetterat___29___thethingsthateintomywaythatIdidn’tplanfor.Assomeonewhowasalwaysina___30___，ittaughtmetoslowdownalittle.Ihavelearnedtoliveeachdayhonestlyand___31___.___32___Icontinuetohealphysicallyandemotionally，Ihaveadifferentopinionon___33___.Whentragedystrikes，youcaneitherletit___34___yourspirit，oruseitasanopportunitytogrow.Ihavechosento___35___fromit.21.A.receive B.remember C.mention D.care22.A.bring B.hit C.pay D.answer23.A.sacrificing B.predicting C.analyzing D.mourning24.A.wealthy B.alive C.optimistic D.healthy25.A.threatened B.informed C.ignored D.hurt26.A.difficult B.smooth C.quick D.stable27.A.works B.happens C.matters D.functions28.A.understand B.control C.identify D.oversee29.A.rejecting B.identifying C.improving D.accepting30.A.hurry B.dilemma C.routine D.mess31.A.fortably B.quietly C.fully D.busily32.A.As B.Before C.Unless D.Although33.A.love B.future C.work D.1ife34.A.1ift B.break C.protect D.show35.A.suffer B.escape C.discover D.learn【答案】21.B22.A23.C24.B25.D26.A27.C28.B29.D30.A31.C32.A33.D34.B35.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。主要讲述了作者因为从一起严重车祸中幸存下来，于是作者开始分析自己的生活，并对生活有了新的认识。作者认识到自己并不能控制生活中发生的每一件事，所以需要更好地接受那些没有计划到的事情。作者从悲剧中学习。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我被撞得晕过去了，所以我不记得有关事故的任何事情。A.receive收到；B.remember记得；C.mention提及；D.care关心。根据后文“Myfirstmemoryisbeinggivenoxygen”可知作者不记得车祸时的事情了。故选B。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的第一个记忆是当医生和护士们试图把我救活的时候，给我吸氧。A.bring带来；B.hit打击；C.pay支付；D.answer回答。根据后文“mebacktolife”可知此处为短语bringsb.backtolife，指护士和医生试图救活作者。故选A。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我躺在急诊室时，我发现自己在分析自己的生活，感谢上帝我还活着。A.sacrificing牺牲；B.predicting预测；C.analyzing分析；D.mourning哀悼。根据后文“mylife”以及后文作者的感悟，可知作者躺在急诊室里分析自己的生活，其他选项不符合语境。故选C。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我躺在急诊室时，我发现自己在分析自己的生活，感谢上帝我还活着。A.wealthy富有的；B.alive活着的；C.optimistic乐观的；D.healthy健康的。根据上文“thankingGodthatIwasstill”可知，作者还活着所以感谢上帝。故选B。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：好消息是没有其他人受伤。A.threatened威胁；B.informed通知；C.ignored忽略；D.hurt受伤。根据上文“Thegoodnews”可推知事故中没有其他人受伤。故选D。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：从那天起，身体的恢复就变得很困难，但不像情绪的恢复那么艰难。A.difficult困难的；B.smooth顺利的；C.quick快速的；D.stable稳定的。结合后文“butnotastoughastheemotionalrecovery”可知作者的身体恢复很困难。故选A。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我对自己有了很多了解，也了解了这个世界上什么才是真正重要的。A.works工作；B.happens发生；C.matters重要；D.functions运行。根据后文“Thingsthatarereallyimportant”可知此处指世界上什么才是真正重要的。故选C。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不是不可战胜的，我不能控制生活中发生的每一件事。A.understand理解；B.control控制；C.identify识别；D.oversee监督。结合后文“thethingsthateintomywaythatIdidn’tplanfor”可知此处指作者不能控制生活中发生的每一件事。故选B。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我需要更好地接受那些我没有计划到的事情。A.rejecting拒绝；B.identifying识别；C.improving改善；D.accepting接受。根据后文“thethingsthateintomywaythatIdidn’tplanfor”可知作者无法控制那些意外，因此只能接受这些事情。故选D。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为一个总是匆匆忙忙的人，它教会了我放慢脚步。A.hurry匆忙；B.dilemma困境；C.routine常规；D.mess混乱。根据后文“ittaughtmetoslowdownalittle”可推知作者之前是一个总是匆匆忙忙的人。故选A。【31题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我学会了诚实而充实地过好每一天。A.fortably舒服地；B.quietly安静地；C.fully充实地；D.busily忙碌地。结合上文“Ihavelearnedtoliveeachdayhonestlyand”可知作者从车祸中学到了要诚实而充实地过好每一天。故选C。【32题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：随着我身体上和情感上的创伤不断愈合，我对生活有了不同的看法。A.As随着；B.Before在……之前；C.Unless除非；D.Although虽然。根据后文“Icontinuetohealphysicallyandemotionally”可知引导时间状语从句，表示“随着”应用as。故选A。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着我身体上和情感上的创伤不断愈合，我对生活有了不同的看法。A.love爱；B.future未来；C.work工作；D.life生活。根据上文中“everythingthathappensinmylife”可知，指作者对了生活有了不同的看法。故选D。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当悲剧来袭时，你要么让它摧毁你的精神，要么把它当作一个成长的机会。A.lift举起；B.break破坏，打破；C.protect保护；D.show展示。根据上文中“notastoughastheemotionalrecovery”以及后文“yourspirit”可知，此处指悲剧摧毁一个人的精神应用break。故选B。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我选择了从中学习。A.suffer遭受；B.escape逃跑；C.discover发现；D.learn学习。根据上一段中“ittaughtmetoslowdownalittle.Ihavelearnedtoliveeachdayhonestlyand”可知作者从悲剧中学习。故选D。第Ⅱ卷第四部分英语知识运用第一节单词拼写（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）根据汉语提示或首字母提示写出正确的单词36.Thesetree________(根)cancausedamagetobuildings.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】roots【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：这些树根可以对建筑物造成损害。“根”为名词root，作主语，由these可知，应用复数故填roots。37.Theartisthasd________allhislifetoart.（根据首字母单词拼写）【答案】devoted##evoted【解析】【详解】考查动词。句意：这位艺术家把他的一生都献给了艺术。根据句意和首字母可知，此处表示“致力于”为动词devote，由句意和has可知，此处应用过去分词形式与has构成现在完成时，故填devoted。38.ZhangHengwasoneofthebestknownChinese________(天文学家).（根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】astronomers【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：张衡是中国最著名的天文学家之一。根据汉语提示，这里应用astronomer，为可数名词。前面有oneof，所以这里应用名词复数。故填astronomers。39.It’sasimpledishwhichc________mainlyofriceandvegetables.（根据首字母单词拼写）【答案】consisits##onsists【解析】【详解】考查动词。句意：这是一道简单的菜肴，主要由米饭和蔬菜组成。此处在which引导的定语从句中作谓语，由句意和首字母可知，此处表示“由……组成”，为动词consist，which代指先行词dish，为单数，且句子描述一般性事实，应用一般现在时，定语从句谓语动词应用三单形式，故填consists。40.Hedescribed________(生动地)whathesawintheancien