主语从句练习

主语从句一、概述：在句子中起名词作用的各种从句统称为名词性从句。根据它们在句中的语法作用，这类从句又可分为主语从句、同位语从句、表语从句和宾语从句。二.主语从句主要有三类：（1）由连词that引导的主语从句：引导词that无含义,在句中不做成分,不能够省。例如：Thatyouwillwinthemedalseemsunlikely.你想获得奖牌看起来是不可能的。Thatyouaresoindifferentbothersme.你如此冷淡使我很烦恼。Thatshesurvivedtheaccidentisamiracle.她在事故中幸免于难简直是奇迹。（2）用连词whether引导的主语从句:whether有含义（是否），在句中不做成分,不能够省。例如：Whethersheiscomingornotdoesn'tmattertoomuch.她来不来都无关紧要。（3）用连接代词引导的主语从句（在由连接代词who,whose,whom,which,what,whoever,whomever,whichever,whatever弓|导的名词性从句中，其连接代词在句中起名词性作用，担当一定成分）.例如：Whatyouneedismorepractice.你所需要的是更多的训练。WhatIwanttoknowisthis.我想知道的就是这事。Whateverwedoistoservethepeople.我们无论做什么都是为人民服务。（4）用连接副词when,where,why,how引导的名词性从句（其连接副词有含义,在句中作状语。）eg:Whereweshouldleaveitisaproblem.Whentheywillcomehasn’tbeenmadepubic.他们什么时候来还不知道。三.注意点:1.it做形式主语,而将主语从句放在句末（尤其是当谓语较短时）。例如：Thatlighttravelsinstraightlinesisknowntoall.光沿直线传播，这是众所周知的事。=Itisknowntoallthatlighttravelsinstraightlines.众所周知光沿直线传播。Whentheplaneistotakeoffhasnotbeenannounced.飞机何时起飞还没有宣布。=Ithasnotbeenannouncedwhentheplaneistotakeoff.还没有宣布飞机何时起飞。（当what引导的主语从句表示“…的东西”时，一般不用it作形式主语。）错：Itisabookwhathewants.对:Whathewantsisabook.他想要的是本书。例如：Hasitbeensettledwhowillbesenttocarryoutthetask谁将被派去执行这项任务决定了吗？固定用法和译法Itis+名词+从句Itisafactthat…事实是 Itisgoodnewsthat………是好消息Itisaquestionthat………是个问题Itiscommonknowledgethat………是常识类似的名词还有：apity；awonder；agoodthing；nowonder；surprise等。例如：Itisamysterytomehowitallhappened.这个切是怎么发生的是个谜。Itiscommonknowledgethatthewhaleisnotafish.鲸鱼不是鱼，这是常识。ItisnosurprisethatBobshouldhavewonthegame.鲍勃会赢得这场比赛，这不足为奇。Itis+形容词+从句Itisnecessarythat…有必要……Itisclearthat…很清楚……Itislikelythat…很可能……Itisimportantthat…重要的是……类似的形容词还有：strange;natural;obvious;true;good;wonderful;possible;unlikely;quite;unusual;certain;evident;worth-while;surprising;interesting;astonishing,etc.例如：Itisobviousthatconductorsandinsulatorsarebothimportantinindustry.很明显导体和绝缘体在工业中都很重要。Itisdoubtfulwhethershewillbeabletocome.她是否能来令人怀疑。Itwasreallyastonishingthatherefusedtotalktoyou.他拒绝和你说话真是令人惊讶。Itisessentialthatheshouldbeherebytheweekend.周末之前，他应该到这里是必要的。Itseemsobviousthatwecannotgoonlikethis.很明显我们不能这样下去了。Itis+过去分词+从句Itissaidthat…据说……Itisreportedthat…据报道……Ithasbeenprovedthat…已证明……Itmustbeprovedthat…必须指出 类似的过去分词还有：known;estimated;expected;believed;thought;hoped;noted;discussed;required;decided;suggested;demanded;madeclear;foundout,etc.例如：Itisthoughtthatheisthebestplayer.大家都认为他是最好的选手。Itisestimatedthatthevaseis2000yearsold.据估计这个花瓶有2000年的历史。Itisusedtobethoughtthatanewstarmustbeduetoacollisionbetweentwostars.过去一直认为新星是由于两颗星星之间碰撞产生的。Ithasnotbeenmadeclearwhenthenewroadistobeopenedtotraffic.还没弄清楚这条路将开始通车。ItdoesnotmatterifImissedmytrain,becausethereisanotherlater.没有赶上这趟火车没有关系，稍晚还有一趟。IthappenedthatIsawhimyesterday.碰巧我昨天看见他了。当“及物动词+宾语”较短时，也可用这种结构。例如：ItshockedmethatPeterdidnottellanybodywherehewas.让我吃惊的是彼得没有告诉任何人他在哪里。Itdoesnotinterestmewhetheryougoornot.我对你去不去不感兴趣。2.只用whether不用if引导主语从句.选择题1. causedtheaccidentisstillacompletemystery.A.What B.That C.HowD.Where2.ItworriedMaryalot sheentranceexamination.wouldpassthecollegeA.whether B.if C.thatD.how3.Shanghaihastakenonanewlook.Itisn'tlike itusedtobe.A.what B.how C.thatD.which4. wecan'tgetseemsbetterthan wehave.A.What;whatC.That;that D.That;whatB.What;that5. we'llgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.A.If B.Where C.ThatD.Whether6. hedoesn't likethemisveryclear.A.What B.That C.WhichD.Where7. peoplewilljoinusisnotveryimportant.A.Howmuch B.That C.Howmany D.Many8.- weshallmeetnexttimehasnotbeendecidedyet.A.WhetherandthatB.WhenandwhatC.WhenandwhereD.Whereandif _istruethatthescientistwillgiveusalecturenextweek.A.That B.It C.This D.He10. _thecompanywillbuyheramobilephonehasnotbeendecided.A.Whether B.If C.That D.What12.she willbe given thejobis stillunderdiscussion.A. Whether B. That C.If D.What.mattersmostinlearningEnglishisenoughpractice.A.WhatB.WhyC.WhereD.Which.worriesmethewayhekeepschanginghismind.A.ThisB.ThatC.WhatD.It.parentssayanddohasalifelongeffectontheirchildren.A.ThatB.WhichC.WhatD.Ashecouldn'tunderstandwas ,asateacherofChinese,hewasaskedtoteachhistory.A.What；thatB.What；whatC.What；whichD.Why；how17.isknowntousallisthatthe2012OlympicGameswilltakeplaceinLondon.A.ItB.WhatC.AsD.Which18.Pleaserememberwinsyourrespectisnotyourbackgroundbutyourknowledgeandvirtues.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.where9.Itisuncertainsideeffectthemedicinewillbringabout,althoughabouttwothousandpatientshavetakenit.A.thatB.whatC.howD.whether.youngpeopleseeandhearinthemediahelpsthemtofigureouthowtheworldworks.A.WhichB.ThatC.WhatD.How.—Marylooksdowntoday.Whatisup?—Well ,happenedbetweenMaryandmeisnoneofyourbusiness.A.whereverB.whoeverC.whateverD.nomatterwhattmakeshislifequitedifferenthehasreceivededucationabroad.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.howI.选择题： asmuchasone-fifthofalltimberharvestedisnotused.A.Theestimate B.TheestimateC.Theyareestimated D.Itisestimatedthat somemammalscametoliveintheseaisnotknown.A.Which B.Since C.AlthoughD.How wehaveachievedisattributedtotheguidanceofourparents.A.Whoever B.Whatever C.HoweverD.That wealthydoesnotnecessarilymeanthatamanisgreedy.A.Forthereasonthatheis B.JustbecauseheisC.Thereasonofbeing D.ThatheisAlthough happenedinthisdevelopedcountrysoundslikesciencefiction,itcouldoccurelsewhereintheworld.A.which B.what C.howD.it shehadforgottentotakehernotebook.A.Thatoccurredtoher B.SheoccurredthatToherthatoccurred D. Itoccurredtoherthat7.Iamsurethat shesaidiswrong.A.which B.all C.thiswhatWelostourwayintheforest,and mademattersworsewasthatitwasgettingdark.A.that B.which C.itD.what ornotisstilluncertain.A.He’scoming B.IfheiscomingC.Thatcoming D.Whetherhe’scoming11.It’she’llbeabletocome.A.doubtwhetherB.doubtfulC.doubtitD.doubtfulwhether12. heisatworkintheheartathomeinthequietsuburb,Dick’shines.ofthebigcityorlifeistiedtomacA.Whether B.Till C.If