2022年河南省漯河市郾城区第二高级中学高三英语下学期期末试卷含解析

2022年河南省漯河市郾城区第二高级中学高三英语下学期期末试卷含解析一、选择题1.LiHua,whowasbusypreparingareport,couldn’t

theloudnoise,sohekeptallthewindowsshutalldaylong.

A．putupwith

B．comeupwith

C．catchupwith

D．keepupwith参考答案：A2.Hetelephonedthetravelagencyto

threeairticketstoLondon.A.order

B.arrange

C.take

D.book参考答案：D3.Thereisanotepinnedtothedoor______whentheshopwillopenagain.A.saying

B.says

C.said

D.havingsaid参考答案：A4.Iwasjustgoingtocutmyrosebushesbutsomeone

it．Wasityou?A．hasdone

B．haddone

C．woulddo

D．willdo参考答案：B5.—IsMr.Smithrich?—Yes,veryrich.Whenheworkedin________town,heearnedalot.Nowhehasabigfarmin________country.A.at;the

B./;/

C./;the

D.the;/参考答案：C解析：intown在城里，inthecountry在农村均为固定搭配。6.Weeach_____strongpointsandeachofusontheotherhand_____weakpoints.Ahave,have

Bhas,have

Chas,has

Dhave,has参考答案：D7.Theyoungergenerationisturningitsbackonthetraditionalholidayroutesofmuseumsandshoppingmalls______adventurousexperiences.A.inrecognitionof B.indefenceof C.intermsof D.infavorof参考答案：D【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：年轻一代正在放弃博物馆和购物中心等传统的度假路线，而选择冒险体验。A.inrecognitionof承认；B.indefenceof保护；C.intermsof依据；按照；D.infavorof支持；赞同；选择。根据句意故选D。【点睛】"in+名词＋of”短语在中学教材中有很多，现归纳如下：1.inadvanceof在……之先，胜过Galileo’stheorywereinadvanceoftheageinwhichhelived.伽利略的思想超越了他所生活的时代。2.inbehalfof代表，为了……的利益IdidallIcouldinbehalfofmyfriend.为朋友的利益，我做了所能做的一切。3.incaseof如果……发生，如遇到……Incaseofdanger,youmustbecalm.如果遇到危险，你必须镇定。注意：inthecaseof就……来说，至少4.inchargeof看护，管理Heisinchargeoftheschool.他负责管理这所学校。注意：inthechargeof由……管理5.incourseof正在……之中Thebridgeisincourseofconstruction.大桥正在建设中。注意：inthecourseof在……期间，在……的过程中6.inconsequenceof……的结果，由于Inconsequenceofheating,thelengthoftheironbarincreased.由于受热，铁棒的长度增加了。7.indefenceof保卫，为……辨护Thesoldiersfoughtbravelyindefenceoftheircountry.士兵们为保卫他们的国家英勇作战。8.infavourof赞成，有利于Everyoneintheclassvotedinfavourofthemusicalparty.班里每个人都投票赞成开个音乐会。9.infearof担心，害怕Thefamilythatlivedherefledinfearoftheenemy.住在这里的一家人因害怕敌人而逃走了。10.infrontof在……前面（范围以外）Infrontofthefarmhousesatasmallboy.一个小男孩坐在农舍前面。注意：inthefrontof在……前部（范围内）8.—Was______Bill,______playedbasketballverywell,______helpedtheblindmancrosstheroad?—Yes,ofcourse.Heisalwaysreadytohelpothers.A.it;who;that

B.this;who;that

C.which;that;that

D.it;that;who参考答案：A【考查方向】考查强调句型和定语从句的用法。句意：---是Bill，那个篮球打得很好的人，帮助了那个盲人过马路？----是的，当然。他总是乐于帮助别人。根据强调句型的疑问句结构：Was/Isit

+被强调部分+that+不被强调的部分？故第一空填it，第二空是定语从句，先行词是Bill，定语从句中缺少主语，应用who引导定语从句，第三个空是that引起不被强调部分。故选A。【举一反三】强调句型的使用特点主要有以下几个方面：(1)被强调的是状语或状语从句时，要用that引导从句，而不能用which，而且通常不能省略。ItwasintheparkthatImethim.我是在公园里遇到他的。Itwasin1964thatthefirsttelephonesatellitewassetupbytheGroupof17Countries.17国集团发射第一颗电话卫星是在1964年。(2)被强调的是人时，引导词可用who，也可用that。Wasityouthat/wholetoutthesecrettoher?是你把这个秘密泄露给她的吗？注意：当被强调的是主语时，代词要用主格形式。ItwasIwhoputforwardthetheoryfirst.是我最先提出这个理论的。(3)被强调的不管是单数还是复数名词，主句的be动词都用单数is或was。ItwasMadameCurieandherhusbandwhodiscoveredradium.是居里夫人和她的丈夫发现了镭。ItisthePLAmenwho/thataresafeguardingourcountrydayandnight.是解放军战士日夜保卫着我们的祖国。(4)对not...until时间状语从句进行强调时，其句型是：Itis/wasnotuntil...that从句，即not和until在强调句中总是紧挨着的。注意习惯上不用nottill，而且从句不能用when引导。ItwasnotuntilthelastoperationwasfinishedthatBethuneleftthebattlehospital.直到做完最后一个手术白求恩才离开战地医院。(5)强调句的疑问形式：Whenwasitthathemadeuphismindtotakethiscourse?他什么时候决定选修这一课程的？Whyisitthathedoesn’tlikethebook?他为什么不喜欢这本书？Wasitin1939thattheSecondWorldWarbrokeout?第二次世界大战是在1939年爆发的吗？Whowasitthatbrokethewindow？打破窗户的是谁？Whenwasitthatyoucalledmeyesterday?你昨天给我打电话是什么时候？Whatisitthatyouwantmetodo？你要我干什么？(6)强调句型与Itis/was＋时间＋when从句：在上述句型中it指时间，when引导的是时间状语从句。注意两种句型“时间”表达方式的不同。ItwasatmidnightthatIgotbackhomeyesterday.昨天晚上我半夜才回到家。ItwasmidnightwhenIgothereyesterday.昨天当我到达这儿时，已是半夜了。9.Amajorsearchhasbeen_____for aMalaysianAirlinesjetwith239peopleonboardafteritlostcontactflyingfromKualaLumpurtoBeijing.A.identified B.launched C.substituted D.dissolved参考答案：B10.Neithersidewaswillingtogiveinatall.Asaresult,noagreement__________.A.wasreached

B.hasreachedC.hadreached

D.hadbeenreached

参考答案：D略11.Kathy__________alotofEnglishidiomsbywatchingdocumentariesmadebyBBC.A.pickedup

B.tookup

C.madeup

D.turnedup参考答案：A12.WhatlessonsChinacandrawfrom______globalfinancialcrisishasbecome_______hottopicamongusstudents．

A．the;a

B．/;a

C．a;the

D．/;the参考答案：A13.Theintervieweehasnoinnershametoshowhisedgeoverothers._______theouterfear.A.Ashehas

B.Sohadhe

C.Nordidhehave

D.Neitherdoeshehave参考答案：D14.—Mum,whereismyraincoat?

—Oh,Iforgottotellyou．It___behindthekitchendoor．

A．wouldhang

B．hashung

C．ishanging

D．hung参考答案：C15.“I’dliketogivemythankstothose_________helpmysonwillbeabletosurvivehisterribledisease,”saidthemotheronTV.

A.who

B.that

C.withwhose

D.withtheir参考答案：C16.In1863,PresidentLincolnissuedadeclarationcallingforthelastThursdayofNovember_______asadayofthanksgiving.A.beingobserved

B.observed

C.observing

D.tobeobserved参考答案：D略17.Mr.Smithowns____collectionofcoinsthananyoneelseIhaveevermet.A.larger

B.alarger

C.thelargest

D.alarge参考答案：B解析：此处考查了形容词的比较级及词汇惯用法。collection常有习惯用法acollectionof+名词复数；而根据后面的than又可知用larger.故答案为B。二、新的题型18.Gardening380KilometersaboveEarthAstronautshavetogothroughphysical,psychological,andtechnicaltraining.Theyalsogothroughtraininginhowtocareforplants.These“astronautgardeners”sharetheirworkandlivingspacewithplants.Takingseedsandplantsalongonatripisn’tanewidea.Asspacetripsbecomelonger,itwillbenecessarytogrowfoodinspace.____46____Becauseofthis,it’snotpracticaltosendeverythingneededforalongjourney,onlytobeusedonceandthrownaway.Plantscanservemanyusesonaspacejourney.Theycanprovidemorefreshthings.____47____Also,plantscanhelptomakeairqualitybetterbecausetheyproduceoxygen.Theycanimprovethequalityoftheairinsidethespacecraft—theonlyairtheastronautscanbreathe.____48____Duetothelackofgravityinspace,theoxygenthattheplantsproducestaysaroundtheplants.Thiscanactuallykillthem,sofansareneededtocirculatetheair.Withoutgravity,rootsdon’t“know”togrowdown,leavesdon’t“know”togrowup,andwaterdoesn’teasilytraveluptherootstotheleaves.____49____Besides,soilistooheavytosendtospace,andspecialliquidgels(胶)areusedtohelpplantgrowth.Scientistsarealsoworkingontheplantsthemselves.Theyaretryingtomakeplantsgrowmorerapidlyandgrowwithlesswaterandlightinspace,andtheyarelookingforwaystomakeplantsmoreresistanttodisease.____50____Imaginethatdesertsmayonedayprovidelotsoffreshfoodforlocalpeople,savingtransportationcosts.Similarly,plantsthatareresistanttodiseasecouldprovideanimportantfoodsupply.Withtheworld’spopulationnowatsevenbillion(十亿)people,ourastronautgardenersmayhelpdiscoverwaystofeedthosebillions.A.Everyplantgrowninspacemusthaveseveraluses.B.However,therearechallengeswithgrowingplantsinspace.C.SuchmethodsmayresultinimprovementsbackhereonEarth.D.Thecostoftakinganythingintospaceisabout$22,000perkilogram.E.Specializedcontainersarebeingdevelopedtohelptheplantsgrowcorrectly.F.Astronautswillwelcometheadditionoffruitsandvegetablestotheirdietofdryfoods.G.Currentlyalloxygenistakenaboardintanksandthencaughtagainsoitcanbereused.参考答案：46.D

47.F

48.B

49.E

50.C本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述的是：园艺在离地球380公里的高空。宇航员必须经过身体、心理和技术的训练。他们还接受了如何照料植物的培训。这些“宇航员园丁”与植物分享他们的工作和生活空间。【46题详解】下文提示“正因为如此，把长途旅行所需要的东西都送出去，只用一次就扔掉是不现实的。”承接下文，D项Thecostoftakinganythingintospaceisabout$22,000perkilogram.（将任何物体送入太空的成本约为每公斤22,000美元。）切题。下文中的this指代该项中的Thecost，故选D。【47题详解】上文提示“他们可以提供更多新鲜的东西。”再根据下文提示“此外，植物可以帮助改善空气质量，因为它们可以产生氧气。”承接上下文，F项Astronautswillwelcometheadditionoffruitsandvegetablestotheirdietofdryfoods.（宇航员将欢迎在他们的干粮中加入水果和蔬菜。）切题。故选F。【48题详解】下文提示“由于太空中缺乏重力，植物产生的氧气停留在植物周围。”承接下文，B项However,therearechallengeswithgrowingplantsinspace.（然而，在太空种植植物也面临着挑战。）切题。故选B。【49题详解】上文提示“没有重力，根就“不知道”该往下长，叶子就“不知道”该往下长，水也不容易从根往上注入到叶子上。”再根据下文提示“此外，土壤太重，不能送到太空，特殊的液体凝胶被用来帮助植物生长。”承接上下文，E项Specializedcontainersarebeingdevelopedtohelptheplantsgrowcorrectly.（目前正在开发专门的容器来帮助植物正确生长。）切题。故选E。【50题详解】上文提示“他们试图使植物生长得更快，在空间中以更少的水和光生长，他们正在寻找方法使植物更能抵抗疾病。”承接上文，C项SuchmethodsmayresultinimprovementsbackhereonEarth.（这些方法可能会改善地球。）切题。该项中的methods与上文中的ways相吻合。故选C。三、阅读理解19.Dailyphysicalactivityisanimportantpartofahealthylifestyle.Forthisreason,manyarchitectsanddesignersareworkingtocreatebuildingsthatencouragepeopletomakeexerciseapartoftheirordinaryroutine.Themovementtopromotehealthyactivitythrougharchitectureiscalledactivedesign.Itbeganin1998aspartofauniversitypublichealthprogram,andithassincegainedpopularityincitiesaroundtheworld.Activedesignusesanumberoftechniquestoencouragetheoccupantsofabuildingtobemoreactive.Oneofthemostimportantstrategiesofactivedesignisinspiringpeopletomakewalkingpartoftheirroutine.Aparticularlysuccessfultoolforpromotingwalkingistheskip-stopelevator.Theseelevatorsstoponlyoneverysecondorthirdfloor,leavingriderstotakethestairsinordertoreachtheirdestination.Anotherstrategyofactivedesignistomakestairsmorepleasantandinviting.Insteadofcreatingdarkstairwellsthatarelocatedinisolatedpartsofbuildings,activedesignuseswell-litandcentrallyplacedstairstoencouragemorefoottraffic.Skip-stopelevatorsandappealingstairdesignarebotheffectivetoolsofactivedesignbecausetheyofferincentiveandopportunityforexercise.Infact,researchersstudyingabuildingthatemploysbothskip-stopelevatorsandmoreattractivestairdesignsaidthat70percentofbuildingoccupantsreportedusingthestairseveryday.Activedesignencouragesphysicalactivityusingnotonlytheinteriorfeaturesofabuilding,buttherelationshipbetweenabuildinganditssurroundingsaswell.Abuildingthatemploysactivedesignmayintegrateoutdoorspaceinordertomaketheenvironmentmoreengagingandpromotephysicalactivity.Someelementsthatarchitectsusetoincorporatetheexteriorwiththeinteriorareglasswalls,interiorgardensorparkspaces,andcourtyardswithopenceilings,allofwhichde-emphasizetheboundariesbetweeninsideandoutside.Theseelementsmakethebuildingmorephysicallyandmentallyinvigorating.Similarly,byincreasingthenumberofentrancesandexitstoabuilding,architectscanhelpkeepabuilding’susersinterestedintheirsurroundingsbyprovidingavarietyofroutesforthemtouse.Ifpeoplecontinuetobestimulatedbynewsightsorexperiences,theyarelesslikelytochoosethequickestandeasiestpathtotheirdestinationandmayinsteadchooseamorephysicallychallengingroute.12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“incentive”inparagraph2mean?A.requirement

B.encouragementC.technique

D.assistance13.Whydoestheauthordiscussdarkstairwellsinparagraph2?A.Todemonstratethedifferencesbetweenelevatorandstairwelldesign.B.Todescribeoneadvantageofusingskip-stopelevatorsinbuildings.C.Tomakeapointaboutwhypeopledon’tusethestairsoften.D.Toarguethatskip-stopelevatorsmayleadtodesignfailures.14.WhichofthefollowingisNOTawaythatarchitectsweakentheboundarybetweenindoorandoutdoorspaces?A.Creatingmoreroutesforenteringandexiting.B.Buildinggardensinsidethebuilding.C.Creatingspaceswithopenceilings.D.Usingsee-throughmaterials.15.Howdoesparagraph2relatetoparagraph3inthepassage?A.Para2describesanearlymodelofadesigndiscussedinpara3.B.Para3arguesabouttheeffectivenessofthetechniquefrompara2.C.Para3introducesadifferentstrategythantheonediscussedinpara2.D.Para2explainsatechnique,andpara3givesexamplesofhowitisused.参考答案：12.B

13.C

14.A

15.C【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了日常体育活动是健康生活方式的重要组成部分。出于这个原因，许多建筑师和设计师都在努力建造一些建筑，鼓励人们把锻炼作为日常生活的一部分。【12题详解】词义猜测题。划线词所在的句子Skip-stopelevatorsandappealingstairdesignarebotheffectivetoolsofactivedesignbecausetheyofferincentiveandopportunityforexercise.跳停电梯和吸引人的楼梯设计都是积极设计的有效工具，因为它们提供了激励和锻炼的机会。划线的词与opportunity并列，都应该是表示积极意义的词，所以“incentive”意思是鼓励，A.requirement要求；B.encouragement鼓励；C.technique技巧；D.assistance帮助，故选B。【13题详解】推理判断题。答案定位在第二段An