2024年高考第三次模拟考试英语（新高考II卷02）

2024年高考英语第三次模拟考试高三英语（考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分）注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1．Whatarethespeakersgoingtodo?A．Attendawedding. B．Changeclothes. C．Goshopping.【答案】A【原文】W:James,you’restillnotready?M:I’mready,I’mready!I’lljustgrabmysuit!W:Ohno!Youshouldbewearingit!M:I’llgetchangedbeforethewedding;it’llbeokay!2．Wherearethespeakers?A．Inasupermarket. B．Inalibrary. C．Inthestreet.【答案】B【原文】M:Excuseme,Madam.Iamheretolookforthe6theditionofLongmanDictionary.Canyoutellmewherethereferencesectionis?W:Oh,pleasetaketheelevatortothe5thfloor.Itwillbeonyourright.M:Thankssomuch.3．Whatwilltheweatherbeliketomorrowprobably?A．Rainy. B．Sunny. C．Windy.【答案】C【原文】M:It’sgoingtorainalldayaccordingtotheweatherforecast.W:Well,andit’stoowindytomorrow,sothatruinsourplantogohiking.Iwashopingtodaywouldbesunny!4．Whendidthemanleavetheoffice?A．At1:00. B．At1:30. C．At2:00.【答案】B【原文】W:Iwasattheofficeattwoo’clock.HowdidImissyou?M:Igotthereatoneo’clockandwaitedforhalfanhour.ThenIleftforameeting.5．Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A．Inthewoman’shome. B．Inaclothingshop. C．Inashoestore.【答案】A【原文】M:Wow!Beautifulhomeyouhavehere.W:Thanks.Letmetakeyourcoat.Andwouldyouleaveyourbaghere?M:Ohyeah.ShallItakeoffmyshoes?第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。【听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。】6．What’sthewomandoingnow?A．WaitingforAnn. B．Typingherpaper. C．Attendingaparty.7．Whosebirthdayisittoday?A．Mike’s. B．Mary’s. C．Ann’s.【答案】6．B7．C【原文】W:It’salready5:30p.m.now.Ihaven’tfinishedtypingmypaperyet.M:Don’tworry,Mary.Theclockis10minutesfast.W:Great!FirstmakeacalltoMikeandtellhimtowaitforus.I’llfinishthepapersoon.M:Dowehaveanyotherthings?W:We’regoingtoAnn’sbirthdaypartyat7o’clockinarestaurant.【听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。】8．Wherearethespeakersprobably?A．Inacafe. B．Inapark. C．Inabookstore.9．Whatmainlymakesthemaninterestedinthebook?A．Itsthemes. B．Itscharacters. C．Itsauthor.8．Howmanymultiplechoicesremainunfinished?A．3. B．4. C．7.9．HowdidLindaperforminthefreeresponsequestions?A．Fairlywell. B．Justsoso. C．Quitebadly.【答案】8．B9．C【原文】M:Linda,wouldyoutellmeallaboutthetest?W:Well,Ithoughtthemultiplechoicewasfairlysimple,butthefreeresponsequestionskilled!M:Really?Howmanydidyouleaveblanksonthemultiplechoice?W:Ileft4of70blanks,andguessedon3others.Theywereeducatedguessesthough.However,Icannotguaranteethattheguessedonesarecorrect.M:That’sokay.That’sbetterthanmostofthepeopleI’vetalkedtosofar.W:Iknow.Itdoesn’tmatterhowwellIdidonthemultiplechoicesinceIprobablymessedupthetestwithmyfreeresponsequestions.【听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。】10．Howmanynewfriendsdidthemanmakeontheschoolbus?A．One. B．Two. C．Three.11．Whatdidtheartteacherdo?A．Heshowedhisdisappointment.B．Hepraisedmostofthestudents.C．Hepraisedthemanforhispaintinggift.12．Whatdoesthemanprobablythinkofhismathteacher?A．Veryserious. B．Verygood. C．Veryfunny.【答案】10．A11．C12．B【原文】W:Peter,youareinyoursenioryearnow.Doyoustillrememberyourfirstdayinhighschool?M:Yes.Itwasaveryimpressiveday.IrememberedIwasnervousthatdaybecauseIhadnevervisitedthisschoolbeforeanditisanallboysschool.W:Howdidthatdaygo?M:Actuallyitwentverywell.ThingswerenotsobadasIthoughtatall.Ontheschoolbus,Ievenmettwooldfriendsandmadeanewfriend.W:Doyoustillrememberyourfirstclass?M:Yes.Myfirstclassonthatdaywasart.Theteacherlookedserious,butitturnedoutthathewasveryeasygoing.HeevenpraisedmeandsaidIhadagiftforpainting.Iwasgreatlyencouraged.W:Whatwasyoursecondclass?M:Mysecondclasswasmath.W:Howdiditgo?M:Verywelltoo.Iwasn’tgoodatmath,buttheteacherwasgoodatteachingandIimmediatelyshowedinterestinhisclass.W:Youarereallylucky.【听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。】13．Whendidthespeakersmeetthelasttime?A．Lastyear. B．Adecadeago. C．AtAmanda’sgraduation.14．Whatdoesthemando?A．Heisadesigner. B．Heisalawyer. C．Heisawriter.15．Wherearethespeakersnow?A．InNewYork. B．InCalifornia. C．InArizona.16．Whattimeoftheyearisitnow?A．Fall. B．Winter. C．Summer.【答案】13．B14．C15．A16．B【原文】M:Betty!Isthatyou?Mygosh,it’sbeenages.Howareyoudoing?ThelastIheard,youwereinCalifornia.WhatbringsyouovertotheEastCoast?W:Michael,hi!Yes,Iamvisitingmyfolks.TheystillliveinexactlythesameplaceaswhenIleftthem.Oh,gosh,adecadeisalongtime,isn’tit?M:Well,IguessithasbeenthatlongsinceyoumovedawaybutIseealotofoldfriendsaroundChristmas,soit’snotsurprisingthatI’drunintoyou.W:So,whatareyoudoingwithyourselfthesedays?M:Ispendmytimewritingnow,althoughIamnotverygoodatit.Ihaven’tbeenabletogetmyselfpublishedyet,butmaybeoneday—andyou?W:Wehaveexpandedthepany.⑮WehaveofficeshereinNewYork,aswellasWashington,Florida,Nevada,andArizona.M:Goodforyou.AndyouhaveadaughternamedAmanda,right?Shejustgraduatedthisfall?W:Yes,shejustgotacceptedbytheUniversityofCalifornia.AndDavidhashislawpractice.M:Well,it’sgoodtohaveyouherefortheholidays.W:Maybewecangetourfamiliestogetherforamealbeforetheyearends.【听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。】17．WhatdidMiltondo?A．Hecaughtathief.B．Hewenttoathemepark.C．Hetraveledacrossthecountry.18．WhathappenedonMonday?A．Somecarswerestolen.B．Arollercoasterstoppedworking.C．TheJohnsonfamilymovedtoNewYork.19．WhereisSixFlagslocated?A．InOrangeCounty. B．InUnionCity. C．InNewYork.20．Whatwillviewersseenext?A．Anadvertisement. B．Aninterview. C．Aweatherreport.【答案】17．C18．A19．B20．A【原文】M:Goodmorning.ThisisMichaelJonesherewiththe10:00NewsReport.Earlierthisweek,weheardaboutMilton,thedogthattraveledover3,000milestobereunitedwithhisfamily.WhentheJohnsonfamilymovedfromCaliforniatoNewYork,theycouldn’tfindtheirdogandtheyweresadtoleavehimbehind.Aboutamonthlater,MiltonshowedupattheirdoorstepinNewYork.Wecannotbelievehowfarthisdogtraveled!Thefamilywillbedoinganinterviewinthestudiotomorrowmorning.Inothernews,there’sbeenanoutbreakofcartheftsinOrangeCountythisweek.Abouttencarshavebeenstolenfromoutsidetheirowners’homessinceMonday.Ifyouseeorhearanything,pleasecall911.AbouttenpeoplefoundthemselvesstuckonarollercoasterafteritbrokedownattheSixFlagsthemeparkonTuesdayinUnionCity.Thevictimsswungupsidedownforaroundthreeminutesasstaffworkedtorestarttherollercoaster.Fortunately,noonewashurt.SixFlagshassaidthattheychecktheirridesveryseriously,andthatthiswassimplyanunfortunateaccident.That’sitforthenews.Whenweebackfromamercialbreak,MichelleSmithwillbeherewiththeweatherreport.第二部分阅读（共两节,满分50分）第一节(共15小题:每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AKnownas“theroofoftheworld”,theQinghaiTibetPlateauhaslongbeenanidealandmysteriousdestinationforvisitorswhoarepassionateaboutexploringremotelands.HerearesomeofthebesttouristdestinationsinTibetwhichmightsuityourdiscerningtraveltastewiththearrivalofspring.TheYarlungZangboRiverGrandCanyonTheYarlungZangboRiverGrandCanyonisthedeepestcanyonintheworld.Withatotallengthofabout500kilometers,itsaltitudespansfrom7,782metersatNamchaBarwa,thehighestpeakoftheeasternHimalayas,to550metersaroundtheYarlungZangboRiverValleyinMetogcounty.Oneuniquefeatureofthespringsighthereisthatvisitorscanenjoyboththepeachblossomsandthesnowcappedmountainsatthesametime.ThewaterPeachBlessomFairisalsoanattractioninthearea.LakeManasarovaLakeManasarovasits4,500metersabovesealevelinPurangcounty,Ngariprefecture.SnowmeltfromtheGangdiseMountainshuggingthelakeisthesourceforthenearbyYarlungZangboRiveraswellasthemightyGanges.TheManasarovawetlandisakey“climateregulator”ontheplateauandhometomorethan400rarespeciesincludingtheblackneckedcraneandtheTibetanwilddonkey.Enshrinedas“holylakeandsacredmountain”alongwithGangRinpoche,LakeManasarovaattractsalargenumberofpilgrimsaswellastouristsfromhomeandabroad.NanyiValleyNanyigouscenicspotis20kilometersawayfromMilincountyandisanimportantbirthplaceofthemysteriousTibetanmedicineculture.Thescenicareacoversatotalareaof820hectares.Theecologicalconditionsherearesogoodthattheplaceisrichinvariousanimalandplantspecies.NanyiValleyisknownas“thehighestgreenmysteriousplaceonEarth”.Surroundedbymountainsandshroudedinclouds,NanyiValleyisanidealspringdestinationforvisitors,whereyoucanfindpeachandazaleablossomseverywhere.21．WhatisspecialaboutthespringsceneryintheYarlungZangboRiverGrandCanyon?A．Itispossibleforpeopletoseethedeepestcanyonintheworld.B．VisitorscangotothewaterPeachBlossomFairinMetogcounty.C．Agreatrangeofculturalheritagesitescanbeenjoyedinpleasantweather.D．Touristscanadmirecharmingflowersaswellasmountainscoveredwithsnow.22．Whichplacebestsuitspeoplewhowanttoexploremoreaboutmedicine?A．TheYarlungZangboRiverGrandCanyon B．LakeManasarovaC．NanyiValley D．Milincounty23．Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A．Atravelbrochure. B．Anacademicarticle.C．Ageographytextbook. D．Amarketingwebsite.【答案】21．D22．C23．A【导语】本文是篇应用文。文章介绍了三个位于西藏适合春天旅游的美丽的景点。21．细节理解题。根据TheYarlungZangboRiverGrandCanyon部分“Oneuniquefeatureofthespringsighthereisthatvisitorscanenjoyboththepeachblossomsandthesnowcappedmountainsatthesametime.”（这里春天景色的一个独特之处在于游客可以同时欣赏桃花和雪山）可知，春季去雅鲁藏布江大峡谷游玩的特别之处是游客可以同时欣赏桃花和雪山。故选D项。22．细节理解题。根据NanyiValley中“Nanyigouscenicspotis20kilometersawayfromMilincountyandisanimportantbirthplaceofthemysteriousTibetanmedicineculture.”（南驿沟风景区距米林县20公里，是神秘藏药文化的重要发源地）可知，NanyiValley适合愿意探索医药文化的人游览。故选C项。23．推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“HerearesomeofthebesttouristdestinationsinTibetwhichmightsuityourdiscerningtraveltastewiththearrivalofspring.”（随着春天的到来，这里有一些西藏最好的旅游目的地，可能会适合你挑剔的旅游品味）并结合下文对西藏不同景点的介绍可知，本文主要介绍了西藏一些著名的旅游景点，应选自旅游手册。故选A项。BIstarteda“questionoftheday”sectioninafamilytextgroup.We’dtalkabouteverythingfrommoviestopolitics.ButdespiteseveralwarningsfromlovedonesthatsomeofmyresponseswerejudgmentalandthatIwastooquicktoattackanopinion,Iallbutkilledthatgrouptext.Ithadagood12peopleinit.We’dsharedlaughs,encouragement,andfunnymemes(表情包).Ittookonlyoneconversation—whichIwasinthemiddleof—toendit.IrealizedthatIhadaproblem.Themediumformyproblemisthesmartphone.Beforesmartphonesenabledinstantmunication,peopletalkedonthetelephone.Inperson,youcouldcutina“Whatdoyoumeanbythat?”tocorrectamisunderstandingbeforeitgotoutofhand.Don’tgetmewrong:Iloveagoodgrouptext.ItmakesmefeelconnectedtopeopleinawaythatIjustcan’tseemtoanymore,nowthatIhaveawifeandkids.I’mlearning,butIhadarelapse(复发)recently.Ijoinedanewtextgroup.Iintroducedmy“questionoftheday”feature.IfooledmyselfintothinkingthatIwasencouragingahealthydebateoncurrentevents.No.Othersinthegroupsawitasmetryingtoprovethatmywaywastherightway.ThenImadethemistakeofsharingsomepersonalinformationthatonefriendhadtoldmeduringaphoneconversation.Ithoughteveryoneknew.Thenthisfriendstartedreferringtomeasasnitch—nottermsofkindword.SoIaskedhimaboutit—inperson.That’swhenhetoldmeI’dsharedsensitiveinformationhehadn’ttoldanyoneelse.Iapologizedplentifullyandcameawayfromtheconversationmoredeterminedtoslowdownmytexts.Mynewresolveseemstobeworking.YoushouldbepleasedtoknowthatIhaveavoidedmakingafewpointsthatIwastempted(鼓动)tomakeinindividualandgrouptexts.Insomecases,Ididn’tevenrespond.Ihaven’tlostanymoreconnectionsbydoingthis.24．Howdoestheauthorintroducethetopic?A．Bymakingjudgmentsonpolitics. B．Byrespondingtosometextmessages.C．Bypresentingapersonalexperience. D．Bystartingafunnyconversation.25．Whatproblemdoestheauthorhaveindigitalmunication?A．Ignoringtheneedtolistentoothers. B．Makingquickandsharpresponses.C．Failingtoexpresshimselftimely. D．Focusingontheissuesofhisown.26．Whywastheauthorattackedbyhisfriendinthetextgroup?A．Hegaveawaytheprivacyofhisfriend.B．Healwaysmademistakesoncurrentevents.C．Hemadeafoolofhimselfinchatting.D．Helikedenquiringpersonalinformation.27．Whatdoestheauthorlearnfromhisexperience?A．Hurrymakeswaste. B．Understandingeachotherisvital.C．Sometimesfastisjusttoofast. D．Trustisthebridgeofmunication.【答案】24．C25．B26．A27．C【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者通过个人经历反思了智能和即时通讯带来的沟通问题，特别是在群聊中容易引发误解和冲突，了解到自己的不当行为对他人造成的影响，进而决定改变自己在短信交流中的方式，更加谨慎地对待信息分享和回应速度，以维护人际关系和促进有效的沟通。24．推理判断题。根据第一段的“Istarteda“questionoftheday”sectioninafamilytextgroup.We’dtalkabouteverythingfrommoviestopolitics.ButdespiteseveralwarningsfromlovedonesthatsomeofmyresponseswerejudgmentalandthatIwastooquicktoattackanopinion,Iallbutkilledthatgrouptext.(我在一个家庭短信群里开了一个“每日问题”版块。我们无所不谈，从电影到政治。但是，尽管我的亲人多次警告我，说我的一些回复带有评判性，而且我太急于攻击别人的观点，我还是差点取消了那条群发短信。)”和第二段“IrealizedthatIhadaproblem.Themediumformyproblemisthesmartphone.(我意识到我有问题了。我的问题的媒介是智能。)”可知，作者通过个人经历引入了本文的主题。故选C。25．细节理解题。根据第一段的“Iwastooquicktoattackanopinion(我太急于反驳一个观点了)”和倒数第二段的“Iapologizedplentifullyandcameawayfromtheconversationmoredeterminedtoslowdownmytexts.(我再三道歉，然后离开了谈话，下定决心放慢我发短信的速度。)”可知，作者的问题是在群组讨论中，急于反驳他人的观点，对于分享信息不谨慎等，故选B。26．推理判断题。结合第三段的“ThenImadethemistakeofsharingsomepersonalinformationthatonefriendhadtoldmeduringaphoneconversation.Ithoughteveryoneknew.Thenthisfriendstartedreferringtomeasasnitch—nottermsofkindword.(然后我犯了一个错误，分享了一个朋友在中告诉我的一些个人信息。我以为每个人都知道。然后这个朋友开始说我是告密者——这可不是什么好话。)”可知，作者的一位朋友在群组中攻击作者，是因为作者在群里说出了他和朋友之间私下交流的内容，故选A。27．推理判断题。根据第一段的“Iwastooquicktoattackanopinion(我太急于反驳一个观点了)”和倒数第二段的“Iapologizedplentifullyandcameawayfromtheconversationmoredeterminedtoslowdownmytexts.(我再三道歉，然后离开了谈话，下定决心放慢我发短信的速度。)”可知，作者通过在一次家庭群聊中的经历意识到自己的问题在于急于反驳他人的观点，因此作者从他的经历中学到的是有时候就是太快了，故选C。CWenormallythinkofbacteriaasourenemies.Buttheyaren’tallbad.Ourbodiesarefullofthemanditturnsoutwecan’tlivewithoutthem.Fromthemomentwe’reborn,weacquire,anddevelopaninternalecosystemofsymbioticbacteriaandothermicrobes(微生物)theyareinterdependentplayersinourbody.Infact,thereareroughlyasmanymicrobialcellsinourbodiesashumancells.Thismicrobialworldiscalledourmicrobiome(微生物组).Whilesomemicrobescanmakeusill,weneedourmicrobiometosurvive.bined,theyareeverybitasessentialasourheart,ourlungs,orourbrain.Mostofthemicrobiomeisfoundinourgut(肠道).Theyareessentialfordigestionandhelpregulatehormonesandboostourimmunesystem.Ahealthycollectionofmicrobesseemstobevitalforourwellbeing,protectingagainstsomeofthebiggesthealththreats.Ontheotherhand,havinganunhealthymicrobiomemaybeacontributingfactorformanymondiseases.Ourmodernlifestyles,westerndietsandoveruseofantibioticsmightallbehavingaharmfuleffectonourinternalecology.Sohowdoyoudevelopahealthymicrobiomeinthegut?Well,itseemsthatthemorediverseyourmicrobialpopulationis,thebetter.Andthebestwaytoincreaseyourdiversityistoeatawiderangeofplantbasedfoods.Researchshowsthatpeoplewhohaveatleast30plantbasedelementsintheirdieteveryweekhaveawiderrangeofbacteriaintheirgut,andthat’slinkedtobetterweightmanagement,betterheartheathandbettermentalhealth.Oneeasywaytoboostyournumbersistoaddateaspoonofmixedseedstoyourbreakfast.Theinfluenceofyourgutmicrobesgoesalotfurtherthanyoumightthink.Inthelast20years,we’velearnedthattheymunicateconstantlywiththebrain,perhapsevenhavingcontroloveryourmoodandemotions.28．Whichcanbestreplacetheunderlinedwordsymbioticinthefirstparagraph?A．Coexisting. B．Beneficial. C．Special. D．plicated.29．Whichstatementmighttheauthoragreewith?A．Plantbaseddietsmakepeoplehealthier.B．Microbiomeismoreimportantthanourbrain.C．There'ssomelinkbetweenthediversityofbacteriaandhealth.D．Theoveruseofantibioticsleadstodistinctincreaseinmicrobiome.30．Whatmightbediscussedafterthelastparagraph?A．Examplesofgutmicrobes.B．Gutmicrobesandmentalwellingbeing.C．Interactionsofmicrobesinourbody.D．Waystoidentifybeneficialgutmicrobes.31．What'sthebesttitleforthepassage?A．Gutmicrobes:FightersinthebodyB．Themicrobiome:AcureofalldiseasesC．Gutmicrobes:ProtectorsofmentalhealthD．Themicrobiome:Acontributortoourhealth【答案】28．A29．C30．B31．D【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述的是肠道中的细菌和微生物对人类身体健康的积极作用。28．词句猜测题。根据前文“Ourbodiesarefullofthemanditturnsoutwecan’tlivewithoutthem.(我们的身体充满了它们，事实证明我们的生活不能没有它们)”可知，我们和细菌是共存的关系，推知symbiotic意为“共生的”，和A项意思相近。故选A项。29．推理判断题。由第四段“Andthebestwaytoincreaseyourdiversityistoeatawiderangeofplantbasedfoods.Researchshowsthatpeoplewhohaveatleast30plantbasedelementsintheirdieteveryweekhaveawiderrangeofbacteriaintheirgut,andthat’slinkedtobetterweightmanagement,betterheartheathandbettermentalhealth.(增加多样性的最好方法是吃各种各样的植物性食物。研究表明，每周饮食中至少含有30种植物性元素的人肠道细菌种类更广，这与更好的体重管理、心脏健康和心理健康有关)”可知，每周食用至少30种植物元素的人，他们的肠道中有更多种类的细菌，而细菌的种类越多，与更多的体重管理，更好的心脏健康，更好的精神健康相关。故选C项。30．推理判断题。由文中最后一段“Theinfluenceofyourgutmicrobesgoesalotfurtherthanyoumightthink.Inthelast20years,we’velearnedthattheymunicateconstantlywiththebrain,perhapsevenhavingcontroloveryourmoodandemotions.(肠道微生物的影响比你想象的要大得多。在过去的20年里，我们已经了解到它们不断地与大脑交流，甚至可能控制你的情绪和情绪)”可知，下文作者可能会写肠道微生物对于人类的精神健康的影响。故选B项。31．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Wenormallythinkofbacteriaasourenemies.Buttheyaren’tallbad.Ourbodiesarefullofthemanditturnsoutwecan’tlivewithoutthem.Fromthemomentwe’reborn,weacquire,anddevelopaninternalecosystemofsymbioticbacteriaandothermicrobes(微生物)theyareinterdependentplayersinourbody.Infact,thereareroughlyasmanymicrobialcellsinourbodiesashumancells.Thismicrobialworldiscalledourmicrobiome(微生物组).(我们通常认为细菌是我们的敌人。但也不全是坏事。我们的身体充满了它们，事实证明我们的生活不能没有它们。从我们出生的那一刻起，我们就获得并发展了一个由共生细菌和其他微生物组成的内部生态系统——它们是我们体内相互依存的参与者。事实上，我们体内的微生物细胞和人体细胞一样多。这个微生物世界被称为我们的微生物群)”以及纵观全文可知，本文的主旨主要是讲的肠道微生物对人类的健康的积极影响，所以D项“Themicrobiome:Acontributortoourhealth(微生物群：对我们的健康有贡献)”是本文最好的标题。故选D项。DEachyear,theworldlosesabout10millionhectaresofforest—anareaaboutthesizeofIceland—becauseofcuttingdowntrees.Atthatrate,somescientistspredicttheworld’sforestscoulddisappearin100to200years.Tohandleit,nowresearchersatMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology(MIT)havepioneeredatechniquetogeneratewoodlikeplantmaterialsinalab.Thismakesitpossibleto“grow”awoodenproductwithoutcuttingdowntrees.Inthelab,theresearchersfirsttakecellsfromtheleavesofayoungplant.Thesecellsareculturedinliquidmediumfortwodays,thenmovedtoanothermediumwhichcontainsnutrientsandtwodifferenthormones.Byadjustingthehormonelevels,theresearcherscantunethephysicalandmechanicalqualitiesofthecells.Next,theresearchersusea3Dprintertoshapethecellbasedmaterial,andlettheshapedmaterialgrowinthedarkforthreemonths.Finally,theresearchersdehydratethematerial,andthenevaluateitsqualities.Theyfoundthatlowerhormonelevelsleadtoplantmaterialswithmorerounded,opencellsoflowerdensity,whilehigherhormonelevelscontributetothegrowthofplantmaterialswithsmallerbutdensercellstructures.Lowerorhigherdensityofcellstructuresmakestheplantmaterialssofterormorerigid,helpingthematerialsgrowwithdifferentwoodlikecharacteristics.What’smore,it’stobenotedthattheresearchprocessisabout100timesfasterthanthetimeittakesforatreetogrowtomaturity!Researchofthiskindisgroundbreaking.“Thisworkdemonstratesthegreatpowerofatechnology,”saysleadresearcher,JeffreyBerenstain.“Therealopportunityhereistobeatitsbestwithwhatyouuseandhowyouuseit.Thistechnologycanbetunedtomeettherequirementsyougiveaboutshapes,sizes,rigidity,andforms.Itenablesusto‘grow’anywoodenproductinawaythattraditionalagriculturalmethodscan’tachieve.”32．WhydoresearchersatMITconducttheresearch?A．Togrowmoretrees. B．Toprotectplantdiversity.C．Toreducetreelosses. D．Topredictforestdisappearance.33．Whatdoesparagraph2mainlytellusaboutthelabresearch?A．Itstheoreticalbasis. B．Itskeyprocedures.C．Itsscientificevidence. D．Itsusualdifficulties.34．Whatdoesthefindingsuggestabouttheplantmaterials?A．Thehormonelevelsaffecttheirrigidity.B．Theyarebetterthannaturallygrownplants.C．Theircells’shapesmainlyrelyontheirdensity.D．Theirgrowthspeeddeterminestheircharacteristics.35．WhyistheresearchgroundbreakingaccordingtoBerenstain?A．Itusesnewbiologicalmaterialsinlabexperiments.B．Itrevolutionizesthewaytomakewoodenproducts.C．Itchallengestraditionalscientifictheoriesinforestry.D．Ithasasignificantimpactonworldwideplantgrowth.【答案】32．C33．B34．A35．B【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了为了避免砍伐树木，麻省理工学院的研究人员开创了一种技术，在实验室里生产类似木材的植物材料。解释了其实验过程以及其积极意义。32．细节理解题。根据第一段“Eachyear,theworldlosesabout10millionhectaresofforest—anareaaboutthesizeofIceland—becauseofcuttingdowntrees.Atthatrate,somescientistspredicttheworld’sforestscoulddisappearin100to200years.Tohandleit,nowresearchersatMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology(MIT)havepioneeredatechniquetogeneratewoodlikeplantmaterialsinalab.(每年，由于砍伐树木，世界上损失了大约1000万公顷的森林——面积约为冰岛的大小。一些科学家预测，按照这个速度，世界上的森林可能会在100到200年内消失。为了解决这个问题，麻省理工学院的研究人员开创了一种技术，在实验室里生产类似木材的植物材料)”可知，麻省理工学院的研究人员进行这项研究是为了减少树木损失。故选C。33．主旨大意题。根据第二段“Inthelab,theresearchersfirsttakecellsfromtheleavesofayoungplant.Thesecellsareculturedinliquidmediumfortwodays,thenmovedtoanothermediumwhichcontainsnutrientsandtwodifferenthormones.Byadjustingthehormonelevels,theresearcherscantunethephysicalandmechanicalqualitiesofthecells.Next,theresearchersusea3Dprintertoshapethecellbasedmaterial,andlettheshapedmaterialgrowinthedarkforthreemonths.Finally,theresearchersdehydratethematerial,andthenevaluateitsqualities.(在实验室里，研究人员首先从幼小植物的叶子上提取细胞。这些细胞在液体培养基中培养两天，然后转移到另一种含有营养物质和两种不同激素的培养基中。通过调节激素水平，研究人员可以调节细胞的物理和机械特性。接下来，研究人员使用3D打印机来塑造细胞基材料，并让成型的材料在黑暗中生长三个月。最后，研究人员将材料脱水，然后评估其质量)”可知，第二段主要告诉我们关于实验室研究的关键程序。故选B。34．细节理解题。根据第三段“Theyfoundthatlowerhormonelevelsleadtoplantmaterialswithmorerounded,opencellsoflowerdensity,whilehigherhormonelevelscontributetothegrowthofplantmaterialswithsmallerbutdensercellstructures.Lowerorhigherdensityofcellstructuresmakestheplantmaterialssofterormorerigid,helpingthematerialsgrowwithdifferentwoodlikecharacteristics.(他们发现，较低的激素水平会导致植物材料的细胞更圆、更开放，密度更低，而较高的激素水平会导致植物材料的细胞结构更小，但密度更大。细胞结构的密度或高或低，使植物材料更柔软或更坚硬，帮助材料生长出不同的类木特性)”可知，激素水平影响植物材料的硬度。故选A。35．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Thistechnologycanbetunedtomeettherequirementsyougiveaboutshapes,sizes,rigidity,andforms.Itenablesusto‘grow’anywoodenproductinawaythattraditionalagriculturalmethodscan’tachieve.(该技术可以调整以满足对形状、大小、刚性和形式的要求。它使我们能够以传统农业方法无法实现的方式“种植”任何木制品)”可知，贝伦斯坦认为这项研究具有开创性因为它革新了制作木制品的方法。故选B。第二节(共5小题:每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。ThedayswhenartwasanOlympicsportDidyouknowthatcreatingworksofartusedtobeanOlympicpetition?36Inthefirstyear,WalterWinansbecamethefirstandtheonlyOlympiantowinmedalsforbothartandsports.Despitethisseeminglyoptimisticstart,theideaoftheartsbeingincludedintheOlympicGamessoonmetwithdisinterest,finallyresultingintheremovaloftheartpetitionfromtheOlympicGames.37TheideatoincludeartintheOlympicscamefromBaronPierredeCoubertin,whowasthefounderoftheInternationalOlympicmittee,whichcreatedthemodernOlympics.Coubertinbelievedthattheartsandsportswerelinkedandwasimpressedbyanyonewhohadafirmmandofbothasportandanartisticdiscipline(项目).Whyaren’ttheartsincludedintheOlympicstoday?Forstarters,onlyamateurswereallowedtopeteintheartspartoftheOlympics.38Havingartistsofaveragequalitypetingwhileonlythemostpetentathleteswereallowedtopetecreatedadramaticdivideandgavetheimpressionthattheartswerenotasimportantassports.Secondly,worksofartcreatedhadtohavesportsasthesubjectmatter.39LimitingthesubjectsalsocontributedtomakingtheartspartoftheOlympicGamesboringtothegeneralpublic.Finally,oneofthebiggestreasonswasthattheartsaresubjective.Sportscanbejudgedbytimeanddistance,makingiteasytodeterminewhoisthewinner.40ThisdifficultyinjudgingadefinitewinnerresultedintheartspartbeinganonpetitiveexhibitionthatranforthedurationoftheOlympicGames.A．WhywasartmadeanOlympicdiscipline?B．WhatisadisciplineintheOlympicGames?C．Thisrulemadetheobjectsproducedseemreallyboring.D．Thearts,ontheotherhand,arenotquitesoeasytojudgeE．However,theartspartoftheOlympicsGameswassoonabandonedF．Thismeansthatmanyfamousartistswerebannedfromparticipating.G．For36years,from1912to1948,artistsparticipatedintheOlympicGames.【答案】36．G37．A38．F39．C40．D【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍了创作艺术作品是奥林匹克运动的项目的相关历史以及阐述了为什么今天的奥运会不包括艺术项目的原因。36．根据前文“DidyouknowthatcreatingworksofartusedtobeanOlympicpetition?(你知道创作艺术作品曾经是一