（近6年高考真题汇编）浙江省高三英语新一轮复习 阅读理解专题训练

第页码页码页/总NUMPAGES总页数总页数页浙江省高三英语新一轮专题复习训练阅读理解（浙江）AWealthstartswithagoalsavingadollaratatime.Callitthepiggybankstrategy(策略).Therearelessonsinthattime-honoredcoin-savingcontainer.Anyhugetaskseemseasierwhenreducedtobabysteps.Ifyouwishedtoclimba12,000-footmountain,andcoulddoitadayatatime,youwouldonlyhavetoclimb33feetdailytoreachthetopinayear.Ifyouwanttotakeareallynicetripin10yearsforaspecialoccasion,tocollectthe$15,000cost,youhavetosave$3.93aday.Ifyoudropthatintoapiggybankandthenonceayearput$1,434inasavingsaccountat1%interestrateafter-tax,youwillhaveyourtripmoney.WhenIwasachild,myparentsgavemeapiggybanktoteachmethat,ifIwantedsomething,Ishouldsavemoneytobuyit.Weassociatepiggybankswithchildren,butinmanycountries,thelittlecontainersarealsopopularwithadults.Europeansseeapiggybankasasignofgoodfortuneandwealth.Aroundtheworld,manybelieveagiftofapiggybankonNewYear’sDaybringsgoodluckandfinancialsuccess.Ah,butyouhavetoputsomethinginit.Whyisapigusedasasymbolofsaving?Whynotanelephantbank,whichisbiggerandholdsmorecoins?IntheMiddleAges,beforemodernbankingandcreditinstruments,peoplesavedmoneyathome,afewcoinsatatimedroppedintoajarordish.Potters(制陶工)madetheseinexpensivecontainersfromanorange-coloredclay(黏土)called“pygg,”andfolkssavedcoinsinpyggjars.TheMiddleEnglishwordforpigwas“pigge”.WhiletheSaxonspronouncedpygg,referringtotheclay,as“pug”,eventuallythetwowordschangedintothesamepronunciation,soundingthe“i”asinpigorpiggy.Asthewordbecamelessassociatedwiththeorangeclayandmorewiththeanimal,acleverpotterfashionedapyggjarintheshapeofapig,delightingchildrenandadults.Thepiggybankwasborn.Originallyyouhadtobreakthebanktogettothemoney,bringinginasenseofseriousnessintosavings.Whilepiggybanksteachchildrenthewisdomofsaving,adultsoftenneedtorelearnchildhoodlessons.Thinkaboutthethingsinlifethatrequirelargeamountsofmoneycollegeeducation,weddings,cars,medicalcare,startingabusiness,buyingahome,andfunstufflikegreattrips.Sowhenyouhavemoney,takeoffthetop10%,putitaside,saveandinvestwisely.41.Whatisthepiggybankstrategy?A.Paying1%incometaxatatime.B.Settingagoalbeforemakingatravelplan.C.Aiminghighevenwhendoingsmallthings.D.Puttingasidealittlemoneyregularlyforfutureuse.Whydidthewriter’sparentsgivehimapiggybankasagift?A.Todelighthimwiththelatestfashion. B.Toencouragehimtoclimbmountains.C.Tohelphimformthehabitofsaving. D.ToteachhimEnglishpronunciation.43.Whatdoesthenunderlinedword“something”(Paragraph3)mostprobablyreferto?A.Money B.GiftsC.Financialsuccess D.Goodluck44.Thepiggybanoriginallywas_________.A.apotter’sinstrumentB.acheapclaycontainerC.ananimal-shapeddishD.apig-liketoyforchildren45.Thelastparagraphtalksabout________.A.theseriousnessofeducatingchildren B.theenjoymentoftakingagreattripC.theimportanceofmanagingmoney D.thedifficultyofstartingabusinessA篇为说明文，450字，相较13年略有下降，讲述了养成积少成多的存钱习惯对于成功的极大影响。尽管相对于13年的广告的起源，难度有所下降，但相对于11年以前难度较小的记叙文而言，这些年A篇难度整体还是加大了的。认真做过11年真题的浙江考生应该已经胸有成竹了。并且这篇文章继续延续首段开门见山，没有长难句，段落结构清晰，与我们给学生训练的高考说明文相比，几乎没有大的区别，不难作答。题型为3道细节题，1道猜词题，1道主旨题。（浙江）BHereissomemust-knowinformationfromahandbookonhowpeoplebehaveindoingbusinessinsomecountries.InBrazilBraziliansarewarmandfriendly.Theyoftenstandclosewhentalkinganditiscommonforthemtotouchthepersonontheshoulder.Peopleoftengreeteachother(particularlywomen)withlightcheekkisses.Schedulestendtobeflexible,withbusinessmeetingssometimesstartinglaterthanplanned.Buttobesafe,beontime.Mealscanstretchforhours—there’snosuchthingasrushingamealinBrazil.Lunchesalsocanstartinthemidtolateafternoon.Braziliansaresocial,preferringface-to-facecommunicationovermailsorphonecalls.InSingaporeSingaporeansshakehandswhentheymeetandoftenalsogreeteachotherwithasmall,politebow.Businesscardsshouldbeofferedandreceivedwithtwohands.Arrivinglateisconsidereddisrespectful.Sobeontime.Efficiency(效率)isthegoal,someetingsanddealingsoftenarefast-paced.Singaporeansaredirectintheirdiscussions,evenwhenthesubjectisaboutmoney.Rankisimportantandauthorityisrespected.Thisdeterminesbothpeopleinteractinmeetings.Forexample,peopleavoiddisagreeingoutrightwithsomeonewithahigherrank.IntheUnitedArabEmiratesIntheUAE,statusisimportant,sothemostseniororoldestshouldbegreetedfirstwiththeirtitles.Thehandshakeseemstobelongerthanelsewhere.So,donotpullawaythehandshake.Womenshouldcoverthemselveswhenitcomestodress.Menalsotendtobecoveredfromnecktoelbows(肘部)anddowntotheknees.Peopledonotavoidentertainingintheirhomes,buttheyalsoholdbusinessmealsatrestaurants.Touchingorpassingfoodoreatingwithyourlefthandistobeavoided.Whenmeetingsareone-to-one,ifyourhostoffersyoucoffee,youshouldrefuse.Itmightseemodd,butitisaculturaltradition.Coffeeshouldonlybeacceptedifitisalwayssetoutorpresented.InSwitzerlandTheSwisstendtobeformalandaddresseachotherbylastname.Theyalsoarerespectfulofprivatelives.Youshouldbecarefulnottoaskaboutpersonaltopics.Punctuality(守时)isvital,somethingthatcomesfromadeeprespectforothers’time.Arriveatanymeetingoreventafewminutesearlytobesafe.Theyalsohaveclearstructureintheircompanies.Higher-upsmakethefinaldecisions,evenifothersmightdisagree.Neat,cleandressisexpected.TheSwissfollowformaltablemanners.Theyalsokeeptheirhandsvisibleatthetableandtheirelbowsoffthetable.Itispolitetofinishthefoodonyourplate.46.Thepassageismainlyabout________.A.communicationtypesB.theworkplaceatmosphereC.customsandsocialmannersD.livingconditionsandstandards47.WhydoSingaporeansavoidarguingwiththeirboss?A.Theyputefficiencyinthefirstplace.B.Theydislikeface-to-facecommunication.C.Theywanttofinishmeetingsasquicklyaspossible.D.Theyaresupposedtoobeythepersonofahigherrank.48.IntheUAE,whenshouldyourefusethecoffeeifitisoffered?A.Whengreetingseniors.B.Whenmeetingthehostalone.C.Whenattendingapresentation.D.Whendiningwithbusinesspartners.49.Inwhichcountrydopeoplecareaboutwheretoputtheirhandsatthedinnertable?A.InBrazil.B.InSingapore.C.IntheUnitedArabEmirate.D.InSwitzerland.B篇为应用文，451字，讲了一些国家在商务交流中的行为方式的习俗。文章内容上相较于去年的科普题材，难度也有下降。加上有了小标题后，文章的核心部分单词难度不大，只要考生根据题目关键词，认真在文章中寻找答案，应该可以轻松应对。题型为3道细节题，1道主旨题。（浙江）CLastsummer,twonineteenth-centurycottageswererescuedfromremotefarmfieldsinMontana,tobemovedtoanArtDecobuildinginSanFrancisco.Thehousesweremadeofwood.ThesecottagesoncehousedearlysettlersastheyworkedthedryMontanasoil;nowtheyholdTwitterengineers.Thecottagescouldbeanexampleoftheindustry’soddloveaffairwith“lowtechnology,”aconceptassociatedwiththenaturalworld,andwithold-schoolcraftsmanship(手艺)thatexistslongbeforetheInternetera.Lowtechnologyisnotvirtual(虚拟的)—so,totakeadvantageofit,Internetcompanieshavehadtogetcreative.Therescuedwoodcottages,fittedbyhandinthelateeighteen-hundreds,areanobviousexample,butTwitter’sdesignslieontheextremeend.Othercompaniesareusingabroaderinterpretation(阐释)oflowtechnologythatfocusesonnature.Amazonisbuildingthreeglassspheresfilledwithtrees,sothatemployeescan“workandsocializeinamorenatural,park-likesetting.”AtGoogle’soffice,anentireflooriscarpetedinglass.Facebook’ssecondMenloParkcampuswillhavearooftopparkwithawalkingtrail.OlleLundberg,thefounderofLundbergDesign,hasworkedwithmanytechcompaniesovertheyears.“Wehavelosttheconnectiontothemakerinourlives,andourtechengineersaretheoneswhofeelimpoverished(贫乏的),becausethey’resurroundedbythedigitalworld,”hesays.“They’relookingforawaytoregaintheirindividualidentity,andwe’vefoundthatintroducingrealcraftsisonewaytodothat.”Thiscraftbasedtheoryisrootedinhistory,WilliamMorris,theEnglishartistandwriter,turnedbacktopre-industrialartsintheeighteen-sixties,justaftertheIndustrialRevolution.TheArtsandCraftsmovementdefineditselfagainstmachines.“Withoutcreativehumanoccupation,peoplebecamedisconnectedfromlife,”Morrissaid.Researchhasshownthatnaturalenvironmentscanrestore(恢复)ourmentalcapacities.InJapan,patientsareencouragedto“forest-bathe,”takingwalksthroughwoodstolowertheirbloodpressure.Thesehealthbenefitsapplytotheworkplaceaswell.RachelKaplvin,aprofessorofenvironmentalpsychology,hasspentyearsresearchingtherestorativeeffectsofnaturalenvironment.Herresearchfoundthatworkerswithaccesstonatureattheoffice—evensimpleviewsoftreesandflowers—felttheirjobswerelessstressfulandmoresatisfying.Iflow-techofficescanpotentiallynourishthebrainsandimprovethementalhealthofemployeesthen,fine,bringonthecottages.50.Thewritermentionsthetwonineteenth-centurycottagestoshowthat________.A.TwitterishavingahardtimeB.oldcottagesareinneedofprotectionC.earlysettlersoncesufferedfromadryclimateinMontanaD.Internetcompanieshaverediscoveredthebenefitsoflowtechnology51.Lowtechnologyisregardedassomethingthat_______.A.isrelatedtonature B.isoutofdatetodayC.consumestoomuchenergy D.existsinthevirtualworld52.ThemainideaofParagraph5isthathumanbeings________.A.havedestroyedmanypre-industrialartsB.haveatraditionofvaluingartsandcraftsC.canbecomeintelligentbylearninghistoryD.canregaintheirindividualidentitybyusingmachinesThewriter’sattitudeto“lowtechnology”canbestbedescribedas________.A.positiveB.defensiveC.cautiousD.doubtful54.Whatmightbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.PastGlories,FutureDreamsB.TheVirtualWorld,theRealChallengeC.High-techCompanies,Low-techOfficesD.TheMoreCraftsmanship,theLessCreativityC篇为说明文，417字，相较于13年的506字，有较大幅度下降。文章为环保类题材文章的变体，讲了一些公司开发了高科技，但是却在耗材各方面都对于环境破坏更小，有利于环保。相较于去年研究小猴子的母亲替代物的科普型来看，无论是题材还是单词难度上都降低了难度。题型设置为2道推理题，2道主旨题，1道细节题。（浙江）DAcitychild’ssummerisspentinthestreetinfrontofhishome,andallthroughthelongsummervacationsIsatontheedgeofthestreetandwatchedenviouslytheotherboysontheblockplaybaseball.Iwasneveraskedtotakepartevenwhenoneteamhadamembermissing—notoutofspecialcruelty,butbecausetheytookitforgrantedIwouldbenogoodatit.Theywereright,ofcourse.Iwouldneverforgetthewonderfuleveningwhensomethingchanged.Thebaseballendedabouteightoreightthirtywhenitgrewdark.Thenitwasthecustomoftheboystoretiretoalittlestoop(门廊)thatstuckoutfromthecandystoreonthecornerandthatsomehowhadbecometheirs.Nogrownupeversatthereorattemptedto.Theretheboyswouldsit,mostlytalkingaboutthegamesplayedduringthedayandofthegametobeplayedtomorrow.Thenlongsilenceswouldfallandtheboyswouldwanderoffonebyone.Itwasjustafteroneofthoselongsilencesthatmylifeasanoutsiderchanged.Icannolongerrememberwhichboyitwasthatsummereveningwhobrokethesilencewithaquestion:butwhoeverhewas,Inodtohimgratefullynow.“What’sinthosebooksyou’realwaysreading?”heaskedcasually.“Stories,”Ianswered.“Whatkind?”askedsomebodyelsewithoutmuchinterest.NordoIknowwhatdrovemetobehaveasIdid,forusuallyIjustsatthereinsilence,gladenoughtobeallowedtoreainamongthem;butinsteadofansweringhisquestion,ItoldthemfortwohoursthestoryIwasreadingatthemoment.ThebookwasSisterCarrie.Theylistenedbug-eyedandbreathless.Imusthavetolditwell,butIthinktherewasanotheranddeeperreasonthatmadethemtokeepanaudience.Listeningtoatalebeingtoldinthedarkisoneofthemostancientofman’sentertainments,butIwasofferingthemaswell,withoutbeingawareofdoingit,anewandexcitingexperience.ThebookstheythemselvesreadweretheRoverBoysorTomSwiftorG.A.Henty.Ihadreadthemtoo,butatthirteenIhadlongsinceleftthembehind.SinceIwasmuchaloneIhadbecomeanenthusiasticreaderandIhadgonethroughthebooks-for-boysseries.Inthosedaystherewasnoreadingmaterialbetweenchildren’sandgrownups’booksorIcouldfindnone.IhadgonerightfromTomeSwiftandHisFlyingMachinetoTheodoreDreiserandSisterCarrie.Dreiserhadhitmyyoungmind,andtheylistenedtometellthestorywithsomeofthewonderthatIhadhadinreadingit.Thenextnightandmanynightsthereafter,akindofunspokenritual(仪式)tookplace.Asitgrewdark,Iwouldtakemyplaceinthecenterofthestoopandbegintheevening’stale.Somenights,inordertotastemyvictorymorecompletely,Icheated.IwouldstopatthemostexcitingpartofastorybyJackLondonorBretHarte,andwithoutwarningtellthemthatthatwasasfarasIhadgoneinthebookanditwouldhavetobecontinuedthefollowingevening.Itwasnottrue,ofcourse;butIhadtomakecertainofmynew-foundpowerandposition.Ienjoyedthelongsummereveningsuntilschoolbeganinthefall.Otherwordsofminehavebeenlistenedtobylargerandmorefashionableaudiences,butforthattoughandathleticonethatsatcloseonthestoopoutsidethecandystore,Ihaveanunreasoninglovethatwilllastforever.55.Watchingtheboysplayingbaseball,thewritermusthavefelt________.A.bitterandlonelyB.specialanddifferentC.pleasedandexcitedD.disturbedandannoyed56.Thewriterfeelsgratefulevennowtotheboywhoaskedthequestionbecausetheboy________.A.invitedhimtojoinintheirgameB.likedthebookthathewasreadingC.brokethelongsilenceofthatsummereveningD.offeredhimanopportunitythatchangedhislife57.AccordingtoParagraph3,story-tellingwaspopularamongtheboysbasicallybecause________.A.thestorywasfromachildren’sbookB.listeningtotaleswasanage-oldpracticeC.theboyshadfewentertainmentsafterdarkD.theboysdidn’treadbooksbythemselvesTheboyswereattractedtoSisterCarriebecause________.A.itwaswrittenbyTheodoreDreiserB.itwasspecificallytargetedatboysC.itgavethemadeeperfeelingofpleasureD.ittalkedaboutthewondersoftheworld59.Sometimesthewriterstoppedatthemostexcitingpartofastoryto_______.A.playameantrickontheboysB.experiencemorejoyofachievementC.addhisownimaginationtothestoryD.helptheboysunderstandthestorybetter60.Whatisthemessageconveyedinthestory?A.Onecanfindhispositioninlifeinhisownway.B.Friendshipisbuiltuponrespectforeachother.C.Readingismoreimportantthanplayinggames.D.Adulthabitsaredevelopedfromchildhood.D篇为记叙文，642字，讲了作者在儿时的暑假通过给小伙伴讲自己看过的书上的故事获得了友谊和自信的故事。同比与11年的放风筝记叙文和12年的父子情记叙文以及13年的新教师成长的心路历程，相信考生对D篇文章的长度和风格应该都很熟悉。题型为4道细节题，2道推理题。41-44DCAB45-49CCDBD50-54DABAC55-60ADBCBA（浙江）ANooneknowsforsurewhenadvertisingfirststarted.Itispossiblethatitgrewoutofthediscoverythatsomepeopledidcertainkindsofworkbetterthanothersdidthem.Thatledtotheconceptofspecialization,whichmeansthatpeoplewouldspecialize,orfocus,ondoingonespecificjob.Let’stakeamanwe’llcallMr.Fielder,forexample.Hedideverythingconnectedwithfarming.Heplantedseeds,tendedthefields,andharvestedandsoldhiscrops.Atthesametime,hedidmanyotherjobsonthefarm.However,hedidn’tmakethebricksforhishouse,cuthistreesintoboards,maketheplows(犁),oranyofotherhundredsofthingsafarmneeds.Instead,hegotthemfrompeoplewhospecializedindoingeachofthosethings.SupposetherewasanothermanweshallcallMr.Plowright.Usingwhatheknewaboutfarmingandworkingwithiron,Mr.Plowrightinventedaplowthatmadefarmingeasier.Mr.Plowrightdidnotreallylikefarminghimselfandwantedtospecializeinmakingreallygoodplows.Perhaps,hethought,otherfarmerswilltradewhattheygrowforoneofmyplows.HowdidMr.Plowrightletpeopleknowwhathewasdoing?Why,headvertised,ofcourse.Firstheopenedashopandthenheputupasignoutsidetheshoptoattractcustomers.Thatsignmayhavebeennomorethanaplowcarvedintoapieceofwoodandasimplearrowpointingtotheshopdoor.ItwasprobablyalltheinformationpeopleneededtofindMr.Plowrightandhisreallygoodplows.Manyhistoriansbelievethatthefirstoutdoorsignswereusedaboutfivethousandyearsago.Evenbeforemostpeoplecouldread,theyunderstoodsuchsigns.Shopkeeperswouldcarveintostone,clay,orwoodsymbolsfortheproductstheyhadforsale.Amedium,inadvertisingtalk,isthewayyoucommunicateyourmessage.Youmightsaythatthefirstmediumusedinadvertisingwassignswithsymbols.Thesecondmediumwasaudio,orsound,althoughthattermisnotusedexactlyinthewayweuseittoday.Originally,justthehumanvoiceandmaybesomekindofsimpleinstrument,suchasabell,wereusedtogetpeople’sattention.Acrier,inthehistoricalsense,isnotsomeonewhoweepseasily.Itissomeone,probablyaman,withavoiceloudenoughtobeheardovertheothernoisesofacity.InancientEgypt,shopkeepersmighthiresuchapersontospreadthenewsabouttheirproducts.Oftenthisearliestformofadvertisinginvolvedanewlyarrivedshiploadedwithgoods.Perhapsthecrierdescribedthegoods,explainedwheretheycamefrom,andpraisedtheirquality.Hisjobwas,inotherwords,nottoodifferentfromaTVorradiocommercialintoday’sworld.(478words)

41.Whatprobablyledtothestartofadvertisement?A.Thediscoveryofiron. B.Thespecializationoflabor.C.Theappearanceofnewjobs. D.Thedevelopmentoffarmingtechniques.42.Toadvertisehisplows,Mr.Plowright__________.A.praisedhisplowsinpublic B.placedasignoutsidetheshopC.hunganarrowpointingtotheshop D.showedhisproductstothecustomers43.ThewritermakesupthetwostoriesofMr.FielderandMr.Plowrightinorderto__________.A.explaintheoriginofadvertising B.predictthefutureofadvertisingC.exposeproblemsinadvertising D.providesuggestionsforadvertising44.InancientEgypt,acrierwasprobablysomeonewho__________.A.ownedaship B.hadtheloudestvoiceC.ranashopsellinggoodstofarmers D.functionedliketoday’sTVorradiocommercial45.Thelasttwoparagraphsaremainlyabout__________.A.thehistoryofadvertising B.thebenefitsofadvertisingC.theearlyformsofadvertising D.thebasicdesignofadvertising（浙江）BBelowisaselectionfromapopularsciencebook.Ifbloodisred,whyareveins(静脉)blue?Actually,veinsarenotblueatall.Theyaremoreofaclear,yellowishcolor.Althoughbloodlooksredwhenit’soutsidethebody,whenit’ssittinginaveinnearthesurfaceoftheskin,it’smoreofadarkreddishpurplecolor.Attherightdepth,theseblood-filledveinsreflectlessredlightthanthesurroundingskin,makingthemlookbluebycomparison.Whichworksharder,yourheartoryourbrain?Thatkindofdependsonwhetheryou’rebusythinkingorbusyexercising.Yourheartworksuptothreetimesharderduringexercise,andshiftsenoughbloodoveralifetimetofillasupertanker.But,inthelongrun,yourbrainprobablytipsit,becauseevenwhenyou’resittingstillyourbrainisusingtwiceasmuchenergyasyourheart,andittakesfourtofivetimesasmuchbloodtofeedit.Whydoteethfallout,andwhydon’ttheygrowbackingrown-ups?Baby(or“milk”)teethdonotlastlong;theyfallouttomakebiggerroomforbigger,strongeradultteethlateron.Adultteethfallourwhentheybecomedamaged,decayedandinfectedbybacteria.Oncethissecondsetofteethhasgrownin,you’redone.Whenthey’regone,theyaregone.Thisisbecausenaturefiguresyou’resetforlife,andwhatcontrolsregrowthofyourteethswitchesoff.Dooldpeopleshrinkastheyage?Yesandno.Manypeopledogetshorterastheyage.But,whentheydo,itisn’tbecausethey’reshrinkingallover.Theysimplyloseheightastheirspine(脊柱)becomesshorterandmorecurvedduetodisuseandtheeffectofgravity(重力).Many(butnotall)menandwomendoloseheightastheygetolder.Menloseanaverageof3-4cminheightastheyage,whilewomenmaylose5cmormore.Ifyoulivetobe200yearsold,wouldyoukeepshrinkingtillyouwere,like60cmtall,likealittleboyagain?No,becauseoldpeopledon’treallyshrink!Itisnotthattheyaregrowingbackwards—theirlegs,armsandbackbonesgettingshorter.Whentheydogetshorter,it’sbecausethespinehasshortenedalittle.Or,moreoften,becomemorebentandcurved.Whydoesspinningmakeyoudizzy(眩晕的)?Becauseyourbraingetsconfusedbetweenwhatyou’reseeingandwhatyou’refeeling.Thebrainsensesthatyou’respinningusingspecialgravity-and-motion-sensingorgansinyourinnerear,whichworktogetherwithyoureyestokeepyourvisionbalancestable.Butwhenyousuddenlystopspinningthesystemgoesoutofcontrol,andyourbrainthinksyou’removingwhileyou’renot.Wheredofeelingsandemotionscomefrom?Mostlyfromanancientpartofthebraincalledthelimbicsystem.Allmammalshavethisbrainarea—frommicetodogs,cats,andhumans.Soallmammalsfeelbasicemotionslikefear,painandpleasure.Butsincehumanfeelingsalsoinvolveother,newerbitsofthebrain,wefeelmorecomplexemotionsthananyotheranimalonthisplanet.Ifexercisewearsyouout,howcanitbegoodforyou?Becauseourbodiesadapttoeverythingwedotothem.Andasfarasyourbodyisconcerned,it’s“useit,orloseit”!It’snotthatexercisemakesyouhealthy,it’smorethatalackofexerciseleavesyourbodyweakandeasilyaffectedbydisease.(596words)

46.Whatisthecolorofbloodinaveinnearthesurfaceoftheskin?A.Blue B.Lightyellow C.Red D.Darkreddishpurple47.Whydosomeoldpeoplelookalittleshrunkenastheyage?A.Becausetheirspineisinactiveuse.B.Becausetheyaremoreeasilyaffectedbygravity.C.Becausetheykeepgrowingbackwards.D.Becausetheirspinebecomesmorebent.48.Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutourbrainistrue?A.Inthelongrun,ourbrainprobablyworksharderthanourheart.B.Whenourbrainsensesthespinning,wewillfeeldizzy.C.Thebrainsoftheothermammalsareascomplexasthoseofhumans.D.Ourfeelingsandemotionscomefromthemostdevelopedareainourbrain.49.Whatisthemainpurposeoftheselection?A.Togiveadviceonhowtostayhealthy.B.Toprovideinformationaboutourbody.C.Tochallengenewfindingsinmedicalresearch.D.Toreportthelatestdiscoveriesinmedicalscience.（浙江）CThebabymonkeyismuchmoredevelopedatbirththanthehumanbaby.Almostfromthemomentitisborn,thebabymonkeycanmovearoundandholdtightlytoitsmother.Duringthefirstfewdaysofitslifethebabywillapproachandholdontoalmostanylarge,warm,andsoftobjectinitsenvironment,particularlyifthatobjectalsogivesitmilk.Afteraweekorso,however,thebabymonkeybeginstoavoidnewcomersandfocusesitsattentionson“mother”—therealmotherorthemother-substitute(母亲替代物).Duringthefirsttwoweeksofitslifewarmthisperhapsthemostimportantpsychologicalthingthatamonkeymotherhastogivetoitsbaby.TheHarlows,acouplewhoarebothpsychologists,discoveredthisfactbyofferingbabymonkeysachoiceoftwotypesofmother-substitutes—onecoveredwithclothandonemadeofbarewire.Ifthetwoartificialmotherswereboththesametemperature,thelittlemonkeysalwayspreferredtheclothmother.However,ifthewiremodelwasheated,whiletheclothmodelwascool,forthefirsttwoweeksafterbirththebabymonkeyspickedthewarmwiremother-substitutesastheirfavorites.Thereaftertheyswitchedandspentmostoftheirtimeonthemorecomfortableclothmother.Whyisclothpreferabletobarewire?SomethingthattheHarlowscalledcontact(接触)comfortseemstobetheanswer,andamostpowerfulinfluenceitis.Babymonkeysspendmuchoftheirtimerubbingagainsttheirmothers’skins,puttingthemselvesinasclosecontactwiththeparentastheycan.Whenevertheyounganimalisfrightened,disturbed,orannoyed,ittypicallyrushestoitsmotherandrubsitselfagainstherbody.Wiredoesn’t“rub”aswellasdoessoftwirecloth.Prolonged(长时间的)“contactcomfort”withaclothmotherappearstogivethebabiesconfidenceandismuchmorerewardingtothemthaniseitherwarmthormilk.AccordingtotheHarlows,thebasicqualityofababy’sloveforitsmotheristrust.Ifthebabyisputintoanunfamiliarplayroomwithoutitsmother,thebabyignoresthetoysnomatterhowinterestingtheymightbe.Itscreamsinterrorandcurlsupintoafurrylittleball.Ifitsclothmotherisnowintroducedintotheplayroom,thebabyrushestoitandholdsontoitfordearlife.Afterafewminutesofcontactcomfort,itobviouslybeginstofeelmoresecure.Itthenclimbsdownfromthemother-substituteandbeginstoexplorethetoys,butoftenrushesbackforadeepembrace(拥抱)asiftomakesurethatitsmotherisstillthereandthatalliswell.Bitbybititsfearsofthenewenvironmentaregoneanditspendsmoreandmoretimeplayingwiththetoysandlessandl