广东佛山高三上学期教学质量检测卷

B11广东省佛山市2022届高三上学期教学质量检测(一)第二部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AFourBestofBritishMarketsWhetheryou'relookingforantiques,food,collectors'itemsorjustrandomjunk,ourrichheritagehasproducedsomeofthefinestmarketsintheworld.Herearefourofthem.EdinburghFarmers'MarketTradersinEdinburghhavelongsoldtheirgoodsintheshadowofthecity'sspectacularcastle.IttakesplaceonCastleTerraceeverySaturdayandattractsahugecrowdwithitslocallysourcedgoods.Themarketisnowinits15thyearandchampionstheverybestinScottishproduce.BillingsgateFishMarketThishubintheheartoftheEastEndofLondonisthebiggestinlandmarketinBritain.Datingbacktothe16thcentury,BillingsgateisnowservedbyalmosteveryUKport,withfishtransportedthroughthenighttoarrivefortrading,whichstartsat4a.m.Itisfamedforshifting25,000tonsoffisheachyear.St.George'sMarketFollowyournosealongMayStreetinBelfastandthesmellsofdelicioushomemadefoodfromacrosstheglobewilllandyouinSt.George'sMarket,oncevotedthebestintheUK.pletedin1896andfeaturingtastyfood,thetradingplaceisalsooneofBelfast'soldestattractions,thankstoitswiderangeofgoodsandlivemusicperformances.FordAirfieldMarketLookingforanoldstyleprostheticleg,aventriloquist'sdummy,orevenasuitofarmour?Thechancesareyou'llfindwhatyou'reafter—andplentyofotherrandomstuff—atoneofthehundredsofstallshereinWestSussex.Hugecarbootsales(旧货市场)areheldattheweekendsallyearround,erainorshine.Themarkethasbeenrunningfor25yearsandisawellknowntreasuretroveforantiquesexpertslookingforabargain.21.Whichmarkethasthelongesthistory?A.EdinburghFarmers'Market.B.BillingsgateFishMarket.C.St.George'sMarket.D.FordAirfieldMarket.22.WhatisthemaincharacteristicofSt.George'sMarket?A.Music. B.History. C.Food. D.Building.23.WhatdoweknowaboutFordAirfieldMarket?A.Itisheldeveryday. B.Itclosesonrainydays.C.Itisfamousforitscars. D.Itfeaturescarbootsales.BAnAmericanteacherwhohelpedmakecollegeeducationaccessibletolowine,immigrant(移民),firstgenerationAmerican,andrefugeepupilshaswonthe$1millionGlobalTeacherPrize.KeishiaThorpe,anEnglishteacherinMaryland,wasselectedfrommorethan8,000teachersin121countries.“AsayounggirlfromthecircumstancesthatIefrom,Iwouldneverhavethoughtsomethinglikethiswouldeverhappentome.I'mspeechless,I'moverjoyed,I'mamazed.Thisisjustanextraordinaryachievementforme,”Ms.Thorpesaid.Ms.ThorpeteachesEnglishto12thgradersattheInternationalHighSchoolLangleyPark,where95percentofpupilsarefromlowinefamilies.SheredesignedtheircoursesfortheEnglishdepartmenttomakeitculturallyrelevanttoherpupilswhoarefrommostlyAfrica,theMiddleEast,theCaribbean,andSouthAmerica.Sincethen,herEnglishlanguagelearnershaveshowna40percentincreaseintheirreading.Ms.Thorpespentalotoftimeencouragingherpupilstoapplyforcollegeandhelpedthemwiththeirapplicationsandaccessingfullyfundedscholarships.Shehelpedherseniorpupilsin20182019winmorethan$6.7millioninscholarshipsto11colleges,withmostofthemnothavingtopayfortheireducation.Sheplanstousetheprizemoneytogivelesswelloffpupilsanopportunityofreceivingathirdleveleducation.“EverypersondeservestherighttoeducationandIwanttobethatpersonwhochampionsthatforthem.Iplantousethemoneytohelpstudentsworldwideaccesshighereducation,”shesaid.“StudentsarethereasonI'mhere,soIplantousethattopromotethemandcreateabetterfutureforthem.”OrganizedbyUNESCOandfirstawardedin2015,theGlobalTeacherPrizeisanannualawardtoateacherwhohasmadeavastdifferencetotheprofession.ThewinnerofthisyearwasannouncedatavirtualceremonyinParisonNovember10th,2021.24.HowdoThorpe'sredesignedcoursesinfluenceherstudents?A.Studentshavespentmoretimereading.B.Studentsaremoreawareoftheirculture.C.Morelowinestudentsattendschool.D.Morestudentsapplyforcollegeeducation.25.WhatcanbelearnedabouttheGlobalTeacherPrize?A.Itdevotesmuchtocollegeeducation.B.Itfavourslowineimmigrantteachers.C.Ittargetsteacherswithhugecontributions.D.ItencouragesreformsinEnglishteaching.26.WhatbestdescribesThorpe?A.Selflessandstrict. B.Caringanddevoted.C.Frankandconsiderate. D.Talentedandhumorous.27.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.AGoodTeacherEnsuresaBrightFutureB.TeacherPrizeHelpsRealizeStudents'DreamC.ImmigrantTeacherSharesHerMovingStoryD.HighSchoolTeacherWinsa$1MillionPrizeCWithnearlyaquarterofglobalgreenhousegasingfromalltypesoftransportation,canwekeepourselvesoffgaspoweredvehiclestoavoidtheworsteffects?Asmoregovernmentspushforurgentactiononclimatechange,quiteafewpaniesarebettingtheirfuture—thatmillionsofconsumersarefinallyreadyforelectricitypoweredvehicles.Modernbatterypoweredcarsaresellingfastandzeroemission(排放)planesareing.Thesechanges,bothleadingtoamoresustainablefuture,arereinventinghowwegetfromheretothere.Carsandtrucksareundergoingtheirgreatestimprovementsincetheautomobile'sexistencemorethanacenturyago.Almostovernight,theeraoftheelectriccarhasarrived.Electricityhastheadvantagethatitworkswithoutsmellandwithlessnoise.Globalannualsalesofelectricvehiclesareexpectedtosoarfromjustover3milliontodayto14millionby2025.JustamonthafterFordunveiledanelectricversionofthepopularF150,customershadreservedmorethan100,000ofthem.Thepriceisabout$10,000abovethegaspoweredone,butFordsaystheelectricmodelwillcostmuchlesstomaintain.Everythingcreatingagreenrevolutiononthegroundisoflimitedhelpintheskyforthetimebeing.Highstoragebatteriesareuselessatpresentwhenitestothetechnologicalchallengeoflaunchingafewhundredpeopleintotheskyandcarryingthemthousandsofmiles.Nobatteryyetinventedcanpower,say,aBoeing747fromNewYorktoLondon.Promisingimprovements,however,doaddup.Developmentswithzeroemission,batterypoweredelectricenginesarealreadyhappeninginmercialflight,involvingtripsoflimiteddurationanddistance.Airlinesspecializinginshortjourneyswithsmallplaneswillleadthewaytoelectricflight.Ourplanet'shealthdependsonzeroingoutcarbondioxideemissionsby2050,andyet,bythetimetableneededtoaddresstheclimatechallenge,theshiftawayfromgaspoweredvehiclesremainsfartooslow.Nevertheless,thetrainhasleftthestation.Someday,electricpoweredtransportationwillbeasmonasair.

28.Whyaremanypaniesswitchingtoelectricitypoweredvehicles?A.Toreinventthewaywetravel.B.Tocutthecostsofcarproduction.C.Toimprovethequalityofproducts.D.Topursuesustainabledevelopment.29.Whatdoweknowabouttheelectriccar?A.Itcameintouseacenturyago.B.Itenjoysincreasingpopularity.C.Itsellsbetterthanthetraditionalone.D.Itcostslessthanthegaspoweredone.30.WhatdoestheauthorintendtodoinParagraph3?A.Toshowthedisadvantagesofbatterypower.B.Toemphasizethesignificanceofshortflights.C.Tostressthefutureprospectsofelectricplanes.D.Tostatethedevelopmentsofmercialflight.31.Whatdoestheauthormeanbysaying“thetrainhasleftthestation”?A.Traintransportationhasimproved.B.Greentransportationisonitsway.C.Theelectrictrainisrunningregularly.D.Thegaspoweredtrainhasbeethepast.DChildrenmaylearnnewwordsbetterwhentheylearntheminthecontextofotherwordstheyarejustlearning—accordingtoanewresearchfromtheUniversityofEastAnglia.Researchersinvestigatedhow1824montholdslearnnewwords—inthecontextofwordstheyalreadyknowwellandthosetheydon't.Thefindingshelpexplainhowchildrenlearnnewwordsandsuggestanewwaythatparentsandcarerscouldhelpboostlanguagedevelopment.Previousresearchsuggeststhatwhenchildrenhearawordtheydonotknowandseeanobjecttheyhaveneverseeninthecontextofsomeobjectsthattheycanalreadyname,suchasatoyoraball,theyguessthatthenewwordreferstothenewthing.Dr.LarissaSamuelsonfromtheuniversitywantedtoknowifthestrengthofachild'sknowledgeoffamiliarthings—howwelltheyknowwhat“cars”or“balls”are,forexample—matteredforlearningnewwordsandrememberingthem.Theyasked82childrentotakepartinthestudyandcarryouttwoexperimentsamongthem.Andthentheygotsomereallysurprisingfindings.“Wehadexpectedthatastrongerknowledgeoffamiliarwordswouldbebetterforlearningnewwords,butwefoundtheoppositewastrue,”Dr.Samuelsonsaid.“Thisnewstudysuggestsanotherwaywemightbeabletohelpboostchildren'sabilitytoremembernewwordobjectlinks—byteachingtheminthecontextofotherthingsthattheyarejustlearning.”Itseemscounterintuitive,butitisperhapsbecausethelesswellknownitemsdon'tpetewiththenewwordsasmuch.Iftheylearnnewwordsinthecontextofplayingwithwellknownitemssuchasaballorbook,theydon'tprocessthenewwordasmuch.32.Whatisthepurposeofthenewresearch?A.Tochallengethefindingsofpreviousstudies.B.Toobservetheprocessofchildren'slearning.C.Tobetterunderstandchildren'swordlearning.D.Toparechildren'sdifferentlearningstyles.33.WhatcanbeinferredfromDr.Samuelson'swords?A.Theirfindingsareoutofexpectation.B.Theirresearchshouldfocusonchildren.C.Weshouldbemorepatientwithchildren.D.Weneedtoprovideguidanceonlearning.34.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“counterintuitive”meaninthelastparagraph?A.Consistent. B.Encouraging.C.Impractical. D.Unreasonable.35.Whatdoesthetextmainlytellus?A.Lessfamiliarwordshelpchildrenlearnbetter.B.Wordobjectlinkscontributetobetterlearning.C.Newresearchfindsthesecretsofraisingchildren.D.Childrenlearnbetterwiththehelpoftheirparents.第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Apple'svitaminandmineralcontent,itseasyavailability,anditsinexpensivenessarethereasonswhyit'sthesecondmostconsumedfruitintheworld.36Butwhataboutthecaloriesandnutritionalvalueinit?Canweconsumeapplesinendlessnumbersandstillstayfit?

Amediumsizedapplecontainsupto95calories.However,thesugarcontent—about19grams—isstilllessthanthe21gramsyougetinaregularsizedchocolatebar.37Thefibrepresentinfruitsandvegetableshelpscontrolbloodsugarlevelsnaturally.Itslowsdowndigestionandstopsthebloodsugarlevelsfromrisingastheywouldafteryouconsumecandy.

Eatingonemediumsizedapplegivesyouyourdailydose(量)of14%vitaminAand11%ofvitaminC,boththatyourimmunesystemneedsthemost.Antioxidants(抗氧化物)likevitaminAandCsavethebodyfromdamagecausedbyunstableatoms.38Ifweconsumedarkerapplesmore,wecangetanantioxidantthatprotectsthebodyfromdiseasesandagoodamountofindigestiblefibreourgut'sgoodbacteriafeedon,soit'sawinwindeal!

39Consumingoneortwoapplesonadailybasisisgoodforyourhealth.Butifyou'rediabetic,youshouldrestricttheconsumptiontonotmorethanasmallsizedappleadayasapplesareahighsugarfruit.Ifyoustayalertandtakeaproperdiet,yourbodywillbenefitalot.Butifyoueatendlessly,eventhehealthiestfoodintheworldwoulddamageyourbodyandincreasethenumberofdoctorvisits.40

A.Soactsmartlyandstaysafe.B.Howmanyapplescanyoueatinaday?C.Therefore,youshouldwatchoutforthefoodquality.D.Howcanweguaranteethatwewillgetthisfruitcontinuously?E.Plus,thissugarislessharmfultoyourbodysinceiteswithfibres.F.Theyreducetherisksofillnessandaging,givingyouhealthyandsmoothskin.G.Sinceitesinmanyvarietiesanddifferenttastes,peoplenevergetboredofit.第三部分语言运用(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Manypeople,whoselivesarefilledwithonefortunateeventafteranother,don'tunderstandhowtheotherhalf,the41halflives.LuisJ.Rodriguezinhisautobiography,AlwaysRunning,bringsthe42intohisworldwithindepthdescriptionsofhis43.

AftermovingfromMexicotoAmericaattheageoftwo,Rodriguez44onthestreetsofLosAngeles.Hisyouthisfilledwithdrugs,gangviolence,andracismagainstMexicans.Byhislateteens,Rodriguezhasalready45itall,andistryingtogetawayfromit.

AsRodrigueztookmethroughhislife,Iexperiencedmany46:hatredashedescribesthepolice;fearduringgangwars;47whenhemakesadifferenceinhismunity.

Rodriguez'sintentionoftellinghisstoryistohelpothersavoidthepainandsufferingheexperienced,andtoshowkidstheycan48thattypeoflife.Becausethat'snotalifeI'veeverknown,thebookdidn'thavethat49onme,butIwasabletounderstandhisdifficulties.

Rodriguez50seesachancetoleaveandtriestobringhisfriendswithhim.51forthem,leavingthatlifeislikedesertingtheirfamily,andtheyarestill52togetoutofpain.

Readingthisbookislikeawakeupcall:youseehow53others'livesareandfeelextremelyluckyforwhatyouhave.His54isthatit'salwayspossibletoextricate(解救)yourself.

WhenRodriguezis16,herealizesgangwars,racism,andhatredmuststop.Iftheworldwereableto55this,futuregenerationswouldn'thavetolivethatkindoflife.

41.A.unlucky B.brave C.homeless D.poor42.A.runner B.reader C.victim D.friend43.A.youth B.country C.family D.change44.A.runsbusiness B.goesshopping C.looksaround D.growsup45.A.done B.defeated C.experienced D.described46.A.struggles B.pains C.emotions D.wonders47.A.pride B.gratitude C.disbelief D.uncertainty48.A.treasure B.rebuild C.sacrifice D.escape49.A.value B.effect C.stress D.control50.A.instantly B.probably C.eventually D.effortlessly51.A.Uninterestingly B.Unfortunately C.Amazingly D.Naturally52.A.likely B.ready C.unwilling D.unable53.A.different B.meaningless C.plain D.adventurous54.A.promise B.achievement C.message D.story55.A.study B.recognize C.predict D.reserve第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Chineseworkersoncedemonstratedtheirgreatefficiencyin2018.56(incredible),around1,500workersspentjustninehours57(plete)theconstructionofanewtrainstationinFujianprovince,southernChina.Seventrainsand23diggerswereused58(assist)themassiveproject.

Avideo59(release)ontheInternetshowedhowtheconstructionworkersconnectedthreemajorrailroadswiththenewNanlongRailway.Theyalsosetupthetrafficsignals60aseriesoftrafficmonitoringequipment.

TheconstructiontookplaceattheNanlongRailwayStationinthecityofLongyan.61beganonJanuary19andfinishedontheearlymorningofJanuary20.Theprojectwaspletedsoquicklybecausetheworkers62(arrange)intosevenunitstoundertakedifferenttasksatthesametime.

Measuring246kilometresin63(long),thenewNanlongRailwayisamaintransportlinkbetweensoutheastChinaand64(centre)China.Itsupportstrains65operateatamaximumspeedof200kph.

第四部分写作(共两节,满分40分)第一节(满分15分)你校英文报开设了新专栏“MyFuturePlan”。请你写一篇短文投稿,内容包括:1.你未来想从事的工作;2.需要做的准备。注意:写作词数应为80左右。第二节(满分25分)阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。Danielgotajobasadeliverymantoworkhiswaythroughcollege.Hisparentscouldn'tsaveupallth