2021年10月自考00832英语词汇学试题及答案含解析

英语词汇学年月真题

00832202110

1、【单选题】Thedefinitionofawordcomprisesthefollowingpoints

EXCEPT______。

asoundunity

aunitofmeaning

A:

aminimalfreeformofalanguage

B:

aformthatmustfunctionwithothersinasentence

C:

答D:案：D

解析：P7词的定义：Awordisaminimalfreeformofalanguagethathasagiven

soundandmeaningandsyntacticfuntion.1)aminimalfreeformofa

language.2)asoundunity3)aunitofmeaning4)aformthatcanfunctionalone

inasentence

2、【单选题】Ofthefollowing,“______”isNOTanativewordinEnglish.

begin

bazaar

A:

rise

B:

brotherly

C:

答D:案：B

解析：A.begin.OldEnglishbeginnan"toattempt,undertake,"arareword

besidethemoreusualformonginnan.B.bazaar.1580s,fromItalianbazarra,

ultimatelyfromPersianbazar(Pahlavivacar)"amarket,"fromOldIranian.C.

riseMiddleEnglishrisen,fromOldEnglishrisan"torisefromsleep,getout

ofbed;standup,risetoone'sfeet;D.brotherly.OldEnglishbroðorlic"of

orpertainingtoabrother."

3、【单选题】Moreandmoredifferencesoccurbetweenthewrittenformandoral

formofEnglishbecause______。

someofthedifferenceswerecreatedbytheprintingindustry

thespellinghaschangedmorerapidlythanthepronunciationovertheyears

A:

someborrowedwordsdonotconformtotherulesofEnglishpronunciation

B:

andspelling

C:

EnglishalphabetwasadoptedfromtheAnglo-Saxons,whichdoesnothave

D:

aseparatelettertorepresenteachsound

答案：C

解析：ChapterI.Itisgenerallyagreedthatthewrittenformofanatural

Languageisthewrittenrecordoftheoralform.

4、【单选题】OldEnglishbegantoundergoagreatchangewhenthe______invaded

Englandin1066.

Anglo-Saxons

Normans

A:

Romans

B:

Vikings

C:

答D:案：B

解析：ChapterII,p26

5、【单选题】Newwordsconcerningtelevisionandfilmssuchasfammily

movies,boobtubeandthelikecomeintotheEnglishvocabulary,whichshowsthat

______。

Englishisananalyticlanguage

rapidgrowthofscienceandtechnologybreedsnewwords

A:

social,economicandpoliticalchangesbringaboutnewwords

B:

theinfluenceofotherlanguagescanbefeltinmanyfields

C:

答D:案：C

解析：ChapterII,p29.Nownewwordsaremultipliedinallwalksof

life:politics,economy.....

6、【单选题】Somemorphemesarerealizedbymorethanonemorphaccordingto

theirpositioninaword.Suchalternativemorphsareknownas______。

allomorphs

affixes

A:

boundmorphemes

B:

prefixes

C:

答D:案：A

解析：Somemorphemes,however,arerealizedbymorethanmorphaccordingto

theirpositioninaword.Suchalternativemorphsareknownasallomorphs.p38

7、【单选题】Structurally,thewordidealisticcanbebrokendowninto______。

id-,eal-,-ist",-ic

ideal-,-ist-,-ic

A:

id-,-eal,-istic

B:

ideal,-istic

C:

答D:案：B

解析：idealistic(adj.)，由词根ideal,词缀-ist构成名词,词缀-ic构成形容词

8、【单选题】Theprefixin-ischangedtoim-inimproper;ir-inirreconcilableand

il-inillegal,whichshowsthat______。

morphemesareabstractunits

morphsareactualspoken,minimalcarriersofmeaning

A:

allomorphsarephoneticallyconditionedandthuspredictable

B:

affixescanbeaddedtoothermorphemestocreatenewwords

C:

答D:案：C

解析：chapterIII,P39.allomorphs（语素变体）:somemorphemes,however,are

realizedbymorethanonemorphaccordingtotheirpositioninaword.Such

alternativemorphsareknownasallomorphs.

9、【单选题】Ofthefollowing,theword“______”hasaninflectionalaffix.

hardest

westward

A:

bloody

B:

prewar

C:

答D:案：A

解析：Affixesattachedtotheendofwordstoindicategrammatical

relationshipsareinflectional,thusknownasinflectionalmorphemes.Chater4

10、【单选题】Ofthefollowing,theword“______"hasaverbsuffix.

homewards

persistence

A:

solidify

B:

clockwise

C:

D:

答案：C

解析：solid（n.）-（i）fy后缀(adj.)

11、【单选题】Theformationofnewwordsbyconvertingwordsofoneclassto

anotheris______。

affixation

conversion

A:

blending

B:

clipping

C:

答D:案：B

解析：chater4P56conversionistheformationofnewwordsbyconvertingwords

ofoneclasstoanotherclass.

12、【单选题】ThefollowingwordsareformedbyblendingEXCEPT“______”。

hamburger

telequiz

A:

autocamp

B:

fridge

C:

答D:案：D

解析：Chapter4,P63.Blending（拼缀法）isaveryproductiveprocessandmany

coinagesresultingfromblendinghavebecomewell-established.

13、【单选题】WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?

Conceptiswithinlanguage.

Conceptistheresultofhumancognition.

A:

Eveninthesamelanguage,thesameconceptcanbeexpressedindifferentwords.

B:

Conceptisuniversaltoallmenalikeregardlessofculture,race,languageandso

C:

on.

D:

答案：A

解析：Chapter5,P82.concept（概念）:Concept,whichisbeyondLanguage,is

theresultofhumancognition,reflectingtheobjectiveworldinthehumanmind.

It’suniversaltoallmenalikeregardlessofculture,race,Languageandso

on.

14、【单选题】Onecanfigureoutthemeaningofreading-lamptobe“lampfor

reading"byits______.

onomatopoeicmotivation

morphologicalmotivation

A:

semanticmotivation

B:

etymologicalmotivation

C:

答D:案：B

解析：Chapter5P84.morphologicalmotivation（形态理据）:Compoundsand

derivedwordsaremulti-morphemicwordsandthemeaningsofmanyarethesum

totalofthemorphemescombined.Quiteoften,ifoneknowsthemeaningofeach

morpheme,onecanfigureoutthemeaningoftheword.Forinstance,“airmail”

meansto‘mailbyair’.

15、【单选题】Ofthefollowinggroupsofwords,“______"hasthesamegrammatical

meaning.

sit,sitting,sat

fast,quick,quickly

A:

tables,men,potatoes

B:

forget,forgets,forgotten

C:

答D:案：C

解析：C项都是名词复数形式

16、【单选题】Ofthefollowing,______isNOTamongthevarioussourcesof

homonyms.

borrowing

shortening

A:

changeinsoundandspelling

B:

changeinmeaningandspelling

C:

答D:案：D

解析：Chapter6P101，Originsofhomonyms:Therearevarioussourcesof

homonyms:changeinsoundandspelling,borrowing,shortening.

17、【单选题】Thefollowingpairsofwordsareantonyms.Whichpairbelongsto

relativeterms?

male/female

single/married

A:

parent/child

B:

young/old

C:

答D:案：C

解析：Relativeterms.Thisthirdtypeconsistsofrelationanoppositessuch

asparent/child,husband/wife,predecessor/successor,employer/employee.P113

18、【单选题】Ofthefollowing,theword“______”isthehighest-order

superordinateterm.

pig

aninal

A:

swine

B:

creature

C:

答D:案：D

解析：Chapter6单词的上、下义,类似分支.但是这种上下义关系是相对存在的.比

如：animal,cat,dog,(animal,是后两者的上义,cat,dog就是animal的下义词)又如：

fruit,apple,这里fruit就是apple的上义,apple就是fruit的下义词.根据题目pig，

swine是同一等级，都属于animal动物，但Creature（动物，生物），范围比animal更

广。

19、【单选题】Theprocessbywhichawordofwidemeaningacquiresaspecialized

senseiscalled

exfension

narrowing

A:

elevation

B:

transfer

C:

答D:案：B

解析：Chapter7Narrowingofmeaningisalsocalledspecialization

20、【单选题】Whichofthefollowingwordsisanexampleofextensionofmeaning?

disease(discomfort→illness)

liquor(liquid-→alcoholicdrink)

A:

wife(woman-→amarriedwoman)

B:

allergic(toosensitivetomedicine→averseto)

C:

D:

答案：D

解析：Chapter7.Extension(词义扩大)ofmeaningisalsoknownas

generalization.

21、【单选题】Elevationofwordmeaningisshownintheword“______”。

lusi(pleasure→sexualdesire)

knave(boy-→dishonestperson)

A:

governor(pilot→headofastate)

B:

accident(event→unfortunateevent

C:

答D:案：C

解析：Chapter7.Theattitudesofclasseshavemadeinroadsintolexical

meaninginthecaseofelevation(升华)ordegradation（降格）.

22、【单选题】Thewordpaperinawhitepapermeans“______”。

newspaper

governmentdocument

A:

essaywrittenattheendoftheterm

B:

asetofquestionsusedasanexamination

C:

答D:案：B

解析：mid-14c.,"materialconsistingofacompactedweborfeltingof

vegetablefibers,commonlyasathin,flexiblesheetforwriting,printing,

etc.,"fromAnglo-Frenchpaper,OldFrenchpapier"paper,document."

23、【单选题】Wecanhavedifferentunderstandingswiththesentence“Ilike

MarybetterthanJean”becauseof______。

referent

polysemy

A:

grammaticalstructure

B:

homonymy

C:

答D:案：C

解析：Chapter8“IlikeMarybetterthanJean”.Inthissentence,

grammaticalstructure（语法结构）leadstoambiguity.

24、【单选题】WhattypeofcontextclueisusedinthesentenceTheirgreatest

fearwasofaconflagration,sincefirewoulddestroytheirflimsywooden

settlementbeforehelpcouldarrive?

Definition.

Example.

A:

Synonymy

B:

Hyponymy.

C:

答D:案：C

解析：Chapter8Synonymyorsynonymousexpressionsarefreguentlyemployed

byauthorstoexplainnewwords.

25、【单选题】Idiomtypeslikeidiomsnominalinnature,idiomsadjectivalin

nature,andidiomsverbalinnatureareclassifiedaccordingto______。

lexicalfunctions

grammaticalfunctions

A:

contextualfunctions

B:

culturalfunctions

C:

答D:案：B

解析：Chapter9Bythecriterionofgrammaticalfunctions,(语法功能)idioms

canbeclassifiedintofivegroups.

26、【单选题】ThetypeoffigureofspeechusedintheidiomActionsspeak

louderthanwordsis______.

metaphor

simile

A:

personification

B:

metonymy

C:

答D:案：C

解析：Chapter9Rhetoricalfeaturesofidioms.Weuseidiomstoachieve

vividnessofdescription,foridiomscancreatealliteration,rhyme,

reiteration,repetitionandjuxtapositionofantonyms.Besides,therearealso

simile,metaphor,metonym,synecdoche,personificationandeuphemisminidioms.

27、【单选题】Ofthefollowing,theexpression“______'isanidiom.

inablackstudy

A:

inabluestudy

inagreenstudy

B:

inabrownstudy

C:

答D:案：D

解析：Inabrownstudy走神

28、【单选题】Ofthefollowing,heexpression“______'isNOTastylisticfeature

ofidioms.

slang

alliteration

A:

colloquialisms

B:

literaryexpressions

C:

答D:案：B

解析：Inabroadsense,idiomsmayinclude

colloquialisms,catchphrases,slangexpressions,proverbs,etc.P162

29、【单选题】Intheguideofadictionary,thecompilers______。

explainhowtousethedictionary

provideadetailedlistofthecontent

A:

listalltheaspecisofgrammarinformation

B:

introduceallthecompilersofthedictionary

C:

答D:案：A

解析：Chapter10，P194.Useofthedictionary

30、【单选题】LongmanDictionaryofPhrasalVerbsisagoodexampleof______。

encyclopedia

encyclopedicdictionaries

A:

unabridgeddictionaries

B:

specializeddictionaries

C:

答D:案：D

解析：Chapter10.LongmanLexiconofContemporaryEnglishbelongstothe

Specializeddictionaries.

31、【问答题】ModernEnglishvocabularydevelopsthroughthree

channels:creation,semanticchange,andborrowing.Whatistheroleofborrowing?

答案：Borrowinghasplayedavitalroleinthedevelopmentof

vocabulary,particularlyinearliertimes.Thoughstillatworknow,itcan

hardlycomparewithwhatitdidinthepast.Withthechangeofworldsituation

andthedevelopmentofeconomy,theroleofeachforeigncontributorwill

changeaccordingly.

32、【问答题】Pickoutthewordswhichareconvertedinthefollowingsentences.

(1)Poorinnocents!(2)I'moneofhisfamiliars.(3)Hetrainedasateacherin

thecollege.(4)Wecan'tstomachsuchinsultinglanguage.(5)Thesongquickly

becamethehitofthecountry.

答案：(1)innocents(2)familiars(3)trained(4)stomach(5)hit

33、【问答题】Whatisthedifferencebetweenabsolutesynonymsandrelative

synonyms?

答案：Absolutesynonymsarewordswhichareidenticalinmeaninginallits

aspects,whilerelativesynonymsaresimilarornearlythesameindenotation,

butembracedifferentshadesofmeaningordifferentdegreesofagivenquality.

34、【问答题】Whatarethethreemajorfunctionsofverbalcontext?

答案：Thethreemajorfunctionsofverbalcontextareeliminationof

ambiguity,indicationofreferentsandprovisionofcluesforinferringword-

meaning.

35、【问答题】Whatareblends?Illustratewhatthefourmajorgroupsofblends

arewiththeexamplewordsmotel,sitcom,medicare,andworkfare.

答案：Blendingistheformationofnewwordsbycombiningpartsoftwowords

orawordplusapartofanotherword.Wordsformedinthiswayarecalled

blends.Asfarasthestructureisconcerned,blendsfallintofourmajor

groups:(1)head+tail:motelfrom(motor+hotel)(2)head+head:sitcom

from(situation+comedy)(3)head+word:medicarefrom(medical+care)(4)

word+tail:workfarefrom(work+welfare)

36、【问答题】Comparethefollowingpairofsentencesanddiscusshowthesense

relationofhyponymyishelpfulinproductiveprocessingoflanguage.(1)Imeta

writerwhoistherelationofapolitician.(2)Imetanewspaperreporterwhois

thebrotherofSenatorBuckley.

答案：Inproduction,knowingthesemanticfeaturesofthehyponymsand

theirsuperordinatescanhelpusachievevividness,exactness,and

concreteness.Itisnottoodifficulttojudgethatsentence(2)isbetterthan

(1),becausein(2)thewriterusessubordinates,newspaperreporter,brother,

andSenatorBuckley,whichareconcreteandprecise,presentingavividverbal

picturebeforethereader,whereasin(1)thewordsusedaresuperordinates,

writer,relationandpolitician,whichconveyonlyageneralandvagueidea.

37、【填空题】Thebasicwordstockisthefoundationofthevocabulary

accumulatedovercenturiesandformsthecommon______ofthelanguage.

答案：core

38、【填空题】Theinfluenceofother______andlanguagescanbefeltinmany

differentfields.NewwordslikeMaojackefs,blackbelt,tahinifindtheirway

intoEnglishlanguage.

答案：cultures

39、【填空题】A(n)______mayconsistofasinglerootmorphemeasinironorof

tworootmorphemesasinacompoundlikehandcuff.

答案：stem

40、【填空题】Themostproductivemeansofword-formationare______，

compoundingandconversion.

答案：affixation。P45

41、【填空题】Beingconstantandrelativelystable,conceptualmeaningformsthe

______forcommunicationasthesamewordhasthesameconceptualmeaningtoall

thespeakersofthesa