非谓语复习专题（融合读后续写）课件牛津译林版高中英语选择性

非谓语形式时态（主动）时态（被动）表达的时间概念不定式todotobedone将来（即动作发生在主句动作之后）tobedoing

正在进行（与主句动作同时发生）tohavedonetohavebeendone过去（即动作发生在主句动作之前）现在分词动名词doingbeingdone正在进行（与主句动作同时发生）havingdonehavingbeendone过去（即动作发生在主句动作之前）过去分词done

过去（即动作发生在主句动作之前）不定式和动名词做主语Itisimportant

(learn)Englishwell.

(learn)Englishwellisveryimportant.Your(accept)myadviceiswise.Mike’s(donate)hismoneytothepoordeservespraise.tolearnLearningacceptingdonating动名词复合结构作定语ThehousethatwillbebuiltnextweekisintendedforMr.Zhou.ThehousetobebuiltnextweekisintendedforMr.Zhou.ThehousethatwasbuiltnextweekisintendedforMr.Zhou.ThehousebuiltlastweekisintendedforMr.Zhou.ThehousethatisbeingbuiltnextweekisintendedforMr.Zhou.ThehousebeingbuiltatpresentisintendedforMr.Zhou.Heisalwaysthefirst

(come)toschool.Theyreceivedtheorder

(abandon)theship.way,decision,ability等名词tocometoabandon非谓语动词做宾补Iaskedhim

theman.Ifoundtheman

(tie)tothetree.Ifoundtheman

(tie)thehorsetothetree.Iwillhavemycomputer

(repair)tomorrow.Don’tkeepthewater

(run)everyday.totietiedtyingrepairrunning不定式做宾补看动词用法现在分词过去分词做宾补适用于主动进行-ing，被动完成原则(-ed)非谓语动词做表语Mydreamis

(travel)aroundtheworld.Thenewsis

(shock),whichmademevery

(shock).Myhobbyis

(play)basketball.totravelshockingshocked不定式做表语表示未完成动作-ing坐做表语主语一般为物，意为“令人…”-ed做表语主语一般为人，意为“感到….”playing非谓语的时态问题Thesportsmeetingisexpected

(hold)nextweek.Weitaopretended

(pay)computergameswhenhismothercamehome.Newtonisconsidered

(discover)gravity.

(finish)herhomework,WufanwenttoskiwithGuAiling.

(bite)byWenjie,Yangguangdidn’tdaretobeathimagain.

tobeheldtobeplayingtohavediscoveredHavingfinishedtodotobedoingtohavedonehavingdonehavingbeendoneHavingbeenbitten/Bitten现在分词做时间状语WhenIwaswalkinginthestreet,IfoundWuyundancingwithWufan.

(walk)inthestreet,IfoundWuyundancingwithWufan.WalkingAfterJingyunfinishedherhomework,shewenttodancewithXinyaninJinjiLake.

(finish)

herhomework,shewenttodancewithXinyaninJinjiLake.Havingfinished非谓语做结果状语Ruichenhurriedhome,only

(tell)thathehadbeenadmittedintoTsinghuaUniversity.Xueqinghurriedhome,only

(find)herhousehadtransformedintoapalace.Tianyouworkedveryhard,

(enable)himtobeadmittedintoBeijingUniversity.Haotianworeabeautifuldress,

(make)himthemosthandsomeboyinDashiyan.tobetoldtofindenablingmaking不定式表示出乎意料的结果现在分词表示自然而然的结果非谓语动词做原因状语Iamveryhonored

(invite)todeliveraspeechhere.

(work)dayandnight,theyfinallycompletedthetask.

(inspire)bythespeech,thestudentsworkedharder.tohavebeeninvitedWorkingInspired不定式做原因状语一般在形容词后与逻辑主语构成主动关系与逻辑主语构成被动关系-ing&-ed做条件状语Ifyoubroaden

yourhorizon,youwilldothejobbetter.

（broaden）yourhorizon,youwilldothejobbetter.Ifthepatientistreatedintime,thepatientwillrecoversoon.

(treat)intime,thepatientwillrecoversoon.

BroadeningTreated主动关系被动关系-ing&-ed做伴随状语Peoplewerewalking,

(run)orsimply

(sit)onthesandybeach,

(enjoy)thewarmseaairandthesoftwindthatbrushedtheirhair.Idraggedmyfeethome,(exhaust)andhungry.

(absorb)inthought,Jiahongforgottohavedinner.

(devote)toscience,thescientistspentlittletimeaccompanyinghisfamily.runningsittingenjoyingAbsorbedexhaustedbeabsorbedinbelost/buriedinbedressedinbedevotedtobeaddictedtobefacedwithbeinvolvedinDevoted形容词短语-ing&-ed做让步状语Thoughhisparentslackedmoney,theystillsenthimtostudyabroad.(Though)lackingmoney,theystillsenthimtostudyabroad.ThoughYangguangwasbittenbitterly,hestillworkedveryhard.(Though)bittenbitterly,Yangguangstillworkedveryhard.独立主格结构的形式：名词或代词+分词（doing/done)名词或代词+不定式名词或代词+形容词\副词名词或代词+介词短语名词或代词+名词Therebeing+名词（代词）Itbeing+名词（代词）分词独立结构由“名词+being…”构成时，being常省略。名词或代词+分词（doing\done)1)天气允许的话，我们去高坡观光吧。1)Weather（Ifweatherpermits）,we’llgosightseeinginGaopo.

2)综合来看，他的论文比你的更有价值。2)Allthings

（Ifallthingsareconsidered）,herpaperisofgreatervaluethanyours.

3)Helayonhisback,histeeth,hisrighthand

(clench)onhisbreastandhisglaringeyesstraightupward.3)他仰面躺着，牙关紧闭，双手紧握在胸前，两眼朝上直直地怒视着。permittingconsideredsetclenchedlooking

名词或代词+不定式1）明天要考试，我今晚就不去看电影了吧。Theexam

tobeheldtomorrow,Icouldn’tgotothecinematonight.

Theysaidgood-byetoeachother,

onetogohome,theothertogotothebookstore.

2)她俩道了别，一个要回家，另一个要去书店。Manytrees,flowers,andgrasstobeplanted,ourschoolwilllookevenmorebeautiful.3)种下大量的花草树木后，学校看起来会更漂亮。不定式在独立主格结构中多表示将来的行为，表示“企图”“约定”等，指的是按计划安排要做的事。名词/主格代词+形容词1）这么多人缺席，会议不得不取消。Somanypeople（being）absent,themeetinghadtobecalledoff.2）那架飞机遭遇了空难，无一人生还。Theplanecrashed,nobody（being）alive.名词/主格代词+介词短语1）孩子们手里拿着花向我们跑过来Thechildrencamerunningtowardsus,

flowersinhands.2）玛丽靠近火炉坐着，背对着门。Marywassittingnearthefire,herbacktowardsthedoor.表示存在时用“Therebeing+名词（代词）”的结构1).

Therebeingnobuses,theywalkedtothetheatre2).Therebeingnocauseforfear,hereturnedtohishometown.Itbeing+名词（代词）由于圣诞节的缘故，政府机关都休息。ItbeingChristmas,thegovernmentofficeswereclosed.

由于今天是假日，所有商店都关门了。Itbeingholiday,alltheshopswereshut.

Suchbeing+名词（代词）Suchbeingthecase,shehasnothingtosay.Suchbeingthefact,shehadtoadmithismistake.主语宾语宾补表语定语状语不定式现在分词过去分词动名词非谓语在读后续写中的有效运用(exhaust)and(starve),heburiedhimselfinabunchoffood,eatinglikeahungrywolf.Realizingthetruth,hebecame

(embarrass)andguilty,andapologizedsincerelytothebeggar.Exhaustedstarvingembarrassed

一定加分的二连形和二连副Quietlybutrather

(determined)shetooktheleave

andwentalone.(Disappointed)andunwillingly

Icalledforaflood

justtoreplacethebarrendirtwithlifelessfreshmud.determinedlyDisappointedly

分词短语+主句+独立主格结构

“走着走着，就散了，回忆也淡了。看着看着，就累了，星光也暗了。想着想着，就困了，梦里下雨了。听着听着，就醒了，开始埋怨了。回头发现，你不见了，突然我乱了。”

(walk)along,wegotseparated,

memories

(fade)

(look)around,Igottired,

stars

(dim)Mymind

(wander),Igrewsleepy,

rainfalling(fall)inmydream

(listen)up,Igotawaken,

complaints

(arise)

(look)back,Igotyoulost,

mysoul

(lose)WalkingfadingLookingdimmingwanderingListeningarisingLookinglost

“话语”

+

主句

+

分词/独主这个公式在读后续写中特别常用。例如：故事有：“别管我”她说+后续动作/伴随动作/心情于是可以有多种表达：“Leavemealone”shemurmured/whispered

sheyelled/roared

shebegged/pleaded

shecried/sobbed+现在分词：dashingoutlikeastartledrabbit+过去分词：frightenedandirritated+独立主格：hertearsrollingdownhercheekshereyesshininglikeafireherheadheldhighherfaceburiedinherhandshervoicetrembling1.“Leavemealone!”sheyelled，hervoice

(tremble)anddashing(dash)outlikeastartledra