Unit2HealthyLifestyleWordsandexpressions讲义-高中英语人教版选择性

tobaccon.烟草；烟叶alcoholn.酒；酒精Eg:Don’tdriveafterdrinkingalcohol不要酒后驾车。alcoholicadj.酒精的，含酒精的；n.嗜酒如命者，酒鬼(a)holic有...癖好的人；...的狂热者workaholic工作狂shopaholic购物狂abusen./vt.滥用；虐待；辱骂ab(坏)+use(用)：不恰当地使用，滥用abusern.滥用者；施虐者abusiveadj.辱骂的；滥用的；虐待的abnormaladj.不正常的Eg:Teenagersmaybeeinvolvedintobaccooralcoholabuse,whichcanleadtophysicalandmentalhealthproblems.青少年可能吸烟成瘾或酗酒，造成身心健康问题。physical/mentalabuse生理/精神折磨abusesb’spowertodosth.某人滥用权力做某事physicaladj.身体的；客观存在的；物理学的physicallyadv.物理地；physicsn.物理mentaladj.精神的；智力的psychologicaladj.心理的5.dominate vt./vi.支配；控制；占有优势dominationn.dominantadj.占支配地位的；显著的Eg:Herloudvoicetotallydominatedtheconversation.在比赛/战争中占上风bedominatedby由某人所控制、支配Eg:Womenarenolongerdominatedbythemenintheirrelationships.女性不再受男性的支配。Eg:Thestrongerdominatedtheweaker.强者支配弱者。6.repeatedlyadv.重复repeatvt.重复repetitionn.重复7.psychologyn．心理学；心理；心理影响psychologicaladj.心理的psychologicallyadv.心理地cuen．提示；暗示；信号=hint/reminder/cluevt.给(某人)暗示(或提示)Eg:Ithrowheracuebutshemissedit我给她暗示，可她没有领会Canyoucuemewhenyouwantmetobeginspeaking?你要我开始讲话时能给我暗示一下吗？9.inresponseto回答；回复responsen.回答；回复give/makearesponseto对……做出回应respondvi.回答；回复respond/react/reply/to回答；回复Reactionn.反应Eg:I'mwritingtohaveabriefintroductiontoBeijingOperainresponsetoyourrequest.为回应你的请求，我写信简要介绍一下京剧。10.rewardn.回报；奖励；报酬vt.奖励；奖赏；给以报酬Awardv.奖励；授予awardsbsth奖励某人某物inrewardfor为奖赏/答谢……asarewardfor作为对……的奖赏rewardsb.withsth.for(doing)sth.因为(做)某事用某物奖赏/酬谢某人rewardingadj.有益的；有意义的Eg:HeofferedarewardtomeformyhelpinghimmakemuchprogressinoralEnglish.由于我帮助他在英语口语方面取得了很大的进步，他给了我一个奖励。政府为奖励他在医学领域的贡献而为他颁发奖章。Thegovernmentgavehimamedalinrewardforhiscontributionsinthefieldofmedicine.(rewardn．)Thegovernmentgavehimamedaltorewardhimforhiscontributionsinthefieldofmedicine.(rewardvt.)11.relyvi.依赖；依靠；信赖relyon/dependon/counton/reston依赖；依靠；信赖relyon/uponsb.todosth.信赖某人做某事relyon(one's)doingsth.指望(某人)做某事relyon/uponitthat...指望……Reliable/dependableadj.可信赖的；可依靠的Eg:Wheneverwe'reintrouble,you'realwaysthepersonwecanrelyon.无论我们什么时候有困难，你总是我们可以依赖的那个人。Eg:Notonlyishereliable,butheisalsoconsiderateandselfless，soIthinkheisquitequalifiedfortheposition.他不仅可靠，而且考虑周到和无私，因此我认为他非常的胜任这个职位。13.facilitatevt.促进；促使；使便利同义词：further/promote/accelerate/advancefacilitativeadj.使便利的facilityn.设施，设备facilitateeconomicgrowth促进经济增长Eg:puterscanbeusedtofacilitatelanguagelearning.电脑可用于促进语言学习。14.examinevt.(仔细)检查；审查；测验examinationn．考试；检查15.negative=passiveadj.消极的；有害的；否定的反义词positive=activeadj.积极的；肯定的；正面的Eg:Anunbalanceddietcanhaveenormousnegativeimpactsonpeople’slives.不均衡的饮食习惯会给人们的生活产生极大的负面影响。16.escalatorn.自动扶梯；滚梯17.straightaway立即；马上“立刻，马上”的其他表达：rightaway、rightnow、atonce、innotime等Eg:Icaughtabadcold,soIshouldgoandseeadoctorstraightaway.我得了重感冒，所以我应该马上去看医生。18.pessimisticadj.悲观的；悲观主义的bepessimisticabout对……悲观pessimisticallyadv.悲观地optimisticadj.乐观的；乐观主义的beoptimisticabout对……乐观Eg:Beingoptimisticratherthanpessimistic,thesculptorcanhandlevarioushardshipsinhisroutinelife.这位雕刻家乐观而不悲观，能够处理日常生活中各种各样的困难。19.disciplinen.自制力；纪律；学科vt.自我控制；管教；处罚displinedadj.遵守纪律的；受过训练的schooldiscipline学校纪律disciplineoneself严格要求自己selfdiscipline自律，自我约束20.pilln．药丸；药片21.deletev．删去；删除=cutoutdeletionn.删除22.decideon决定；选定decidetodosth.决定做某事decisionn.决定arriveat/eto/reach/makeadecision 做出决定Eg:我们最后决定召开一次班会来制定活动计划。Wefinallydecidedonholdingaclassmeetingtomakeaplanfortheactivity.23.makeupone'smind下定决心keepone'smindon专心于bear/keepinmind记住，牢记changeone'smind改变主意eto/intoone'smind忽然想起Eg:Ihavemadeupmymindtostudyharderandmakegreaterprogresssoastobeagreatpersonasyou.为了成为像你一样伟大的人，我已经下定决心更加努力学习，取得更大进步。Allofasudden,aterriblethoughtcameintomymind.突然，一个可怕的念头出现在我的脑海里。24posevt.&vi.组成；作曲；撰写eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(beposedof,bemadeupof,consistof))Beprisedof 由……组成(或构成)positionn.组成；构成；作曲；作品posern.作曲家Eg:Lifeisposedofmanyelements,suchasfamily,friends,study,work,entertainmentandsoon.生活是由许多要素组成的，如家庭、朋友、学习、工作和娱乐等。surgeonn.外科医生physiciann.内科医生surgeryn.外科手术，外科学27.liberationn.解放，摆脱liberatev.解放，使自由liberatedadj.不受传统思想束缚的People’sLiberationArmy中国解放军Eg:WeshouldshowrespectformanysoldierswhodiedindefenseofthecountryintheChina’sWarofLiberation.我们应该尊敬在中国解放战争中为保卫国家而牺牲的战士。28.shaveoff剃掉，刮去shavev/n.剃（须发）；刮脸shavesth.off/fromsth.将....减少；从...削掉（薄薄的一层）Eg:Thenewhighspeedtrainswillshaveoffhalfanhourthejourneytime.29.beardn.胡须30.disturbvt.打扰；搅乱；使烦恼disturbancen.干扰disturbedadj.心神不安的；心烦意乱的；烦恼的disturbingadj.令人不安的；令人烦恼的undisturbedadj.未受干扰的；未被打搅的Eg:Itwasnotpolitetodisturbyourneighbourswithloudmusiclastnight.昨晚用吵闹的音乐打扰邻居是不礼貌的。Ihatetodisturbyou,butIhavetotellyousomethingimportant.我不想打扰你，但是我必须告诉你一些重要的事情。31.specialistn．专科医生；专家specialadj.特别的；重要的；特设的specializevt.专攻；专门研究32.consultantn.顾问；高级顾问医师consultvt.&vi.请教；咨询vt.查阅；参考Counselorn.顾问paticipantn.参与者assistantn.助理；助手applicantn.申请者33.skipv.跳跃；不做某事；不参加；悄悄溜走=slideslideslidslidskipskippedskippedskipbreakfast不吃早餐skipschool逃学skipoff/out溜走/溜出34.dizzyadj.头晕目眩的=faintdizzilyadv.头昏眼花地dizzinessn.头晕；昏眩lightheadedadj.头晕眼花clearheadedadj.头脑清楚的bedizzywithexcitement激动得有些眩晕feeldizzy感到头晕目眩35.flun.流感birdflu禽流感Eg:Mostworrying,though,Igottheflueasilyandexperiencedmanytoothaches,too.不过，最令人担心的是，我容易得流感，而且经常牙痛。36.stimulatevt.激发；促进；刺激stimulationn.刺激同义词：arouse/motivate/excite/inspire/promote/advance/booststimulatesb.todosth.激励某人做某事bestimulatedby...被……激励Eg:Thisstimulatedmymotivation.这激发了我的动力。WheneverIamstressedoutandwornout,mywarmheartedfriendalwaysstimulatesmetoinsistonmyinitialgoal.每当我感到有压力和疲惫的时候，我热心的朋友总是激励我坚持最初的目标。37.dentistn.牙医dentaladj.牙齿的，牙科的38.dynamicadj.充满活力的；精力充沛的；动态的dynamicsystem动力系统dynamicbalance动态平衡dynamicaladj.动力学的dynamicallyadv.动态地Eg:Sheisayounganddynamicandwillbeagreatadditiontotheteam.她既年轻又充满活力，会是团队力不可多得的新成员。39.stressedout焦虑不安；心力交瘁stressvt.强调=highlight/emphasize着重；使紧张n.压力=pressure重音；强调stresstheimportanceofsth.强调某事的重要性stressout(使)焦虑不安；(受到)压力过大；疲惫不堪understress在压力之下underthestressof在……的压力下；为……所迫lay/put/placestress/emphasison=attachimportanceto强调；把重点放在……上(2)stressfuladj.压力大的；紧张的stressedadj.焦虑不安的Delightv.高兴delightfuladj.高兴的Eg:Withsomuchworkfillinghermind,shefeltstressed(stress).Thetruthisthatthegirldidn'twanttotakethestressful(stress)job.40.bewornout筋疲力尽的;疲惫的；破烂不堪的；废旧的Bewornout=betiredout=beexhausted=giveoutwornadj.用坏的；疲惫的wearsb.out使某人筋疲力尽wearworewornbearborebornteartoretornEg:layingwasfun,butIfeltevenmorewornoutafterwards!玩起来很开心，但玩完之后我觉得更累了！Walkingaroundamuseumalldayreallywearsyouout.一整天在博物馆里走来走去，真的让你筋疲力尽。41.bowlingn.保龄球运动42edyn.喜剧；喜剧片tragedyn.悲剧43.monthlyadv/adj.每月；n.月刊daily每天/yearly/annually每年部分以ly结尾的adj.Lovely可爱的;令人愉快的/friendly友好的/deadly致命的/lively活泼的/motherly母亲般的/manly有男