2024届高三英语二轮复习语法主谓一致讲义素材

英语语法-主谓一致一、主谓一致原则一览表原则概念例句语法一致原则指主语是单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式；主语是复数形式，谓语也用复数形式SteveEmberisagoodplayer.Childrenliketoys.意义一致原则指主语形式上为单数，但表示复数意义，谓语动词用复数形式；或主语形式上为复数，但表示单数意义，谓语动词用单数形式Myfamilyarehavinglunchnow.Newsistravelingfastnowadays.就近原则谓语动词用单数形式还是复数形式取决于最靠近它的主语Thereisaknifeandtwoforksonthedesk.Eitheryouorheistogo.二、概念归纳1.表时间、距离、金额、重量、数字等的复数名词作“整体”看时，谓语常用单数。如：Twohoursisquiteenough.两个小时足够了。2.以-s结尾的名词作主语时，根据其意思来接的谓语动词的单复数。①表学科的名词(physics等)、书报名(theTimes等)、国名(theUnitedStates等)或组织名称(theUnitedNations等)及news作主语时，谓语动词用单数。②单复数同形的名词，如means,species，series，sheep等作主语时，谓语动词的数根据具体情况而定。如：Everymeanshasbeentried.每种方法都试过了。Allmeanshavebeentried.所有的方法都试过了。③theOlympicGames作主语时，谓语动词用复数。3.集体名词作主语时，视其意义来决定谓语动词的单复数。①people,police,cattle等名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数。②family,class,government，crowd，group，team等名词表示整体概念时谓语动词用单数，表单位成员时谓语动词用复数。4.“anumberof/avarietyof+复数名词”、“the+形容词”指一类人时，谓语动词用复数；“thenumberof/thevarietyof+复数名词”、“the+形容词”作主语指抽象的事物时，谓语动词用单数。如：Thebeautifulislovedbyall.(表抽象的概念)美的事物人人都爱。5.以and连接的两个名词作主语时，谓语动词常用复数形式；但名词前有each,every,no修饰时，谓语动词用单数。如：Walkingandridingaregoodexercises.散步和骑车是很好的运动。Eachboyandeachgirlwantstohaveaholiday.每个男孩与女孩都想要假期。注意：当and连接的两个单数名词在意义上指的是同一人、物或概念时，谓语动词仍用单数。如：Theteacherandwriterispopularwithhisstudents.那位是作家兼老师，很受学生欢迎。(指同一人)6.动名词、不定式或从句作主语时，谓语用单数。但what引导的主语从句视后面的表语而定。如：Whatweneedistime.我们需要的是时间。Whatweneedarebooks.我们需要的是书籍。7.主语后接with,togetherwith,including,combinedwith,alongwith,aswellas,but,except,besides,like,ratherthan,inadditionto等构成的介词短语时，谓语根据主语的单复数而定。如：John,ratherthanhisroommates,istoblame.约翰，而不是他的室友，应该收到责备。8.在“oneof+复数名词+who/that”引导的定语从句中的动词用复数；但当one之前有theonly/very等修饰时，从句中的动词用单数。如：Thisisoneofthegirlswhowerelateforschoolthismorning.她是今天早上上课迟到的女孩之一。Thisistheonlyoneofthegirlswhowaslateforschoolthismorning.她是唯一一个今天早上上课迟到的女孩。9.glasses,shoes,trousers等复数名词若其前有pair/kind/type/boxof等量词修饰时，谓语根据量词的单复数而定。如：Apairofshoesisunderthebed.床下有一双鞋。10.由“alotof/lotsof/plentyof/halfof/therestof/mostof+名词/代词”或“分数/百分数+of+名词”作主语时，谓语动词视其所接的名词决定单复数。如：Threefifthsofthebooksareintendedforthepoorstudents.五分之三的书是为贫困学生准备的。Therestofthemoneybelongstoyou.剩下的钱是你的。11.由or,either…or,neither…nor,notonly…butalso等连接的名词或代词作主语及therebe结构中，谓语动词与它靠近的主语保持一致。如：NotonlywebutalsotheteacherlikeswatchingtheCBAbasketballgames.不仅是我们，还有老师也喜欢看CBA篮球赛。12.“不定代词(all指人除外)、manya+名词单数、morethanone+名词单数”作主语时，谓语动词用单数。如：Allhasbeenfinished.所有的都完成了。Allarelateforthemeeting.所有人开会都迟到了。Morethanonepersonhasmadethesuggestion.不仅一个人提出了建议。考点练透OneofthebiggestcompaniesIwroteto(be)AlaskaAirlinesParis.NotonlymysisterbutalsoI______goodatpainting.Bothofus______good.(be)3.I,who________yourteacher,willtrymybesttohelpyouout.(be)4.“All_________presentandall_________goingonwell,”thechairmansaid.(be)5.Theold___________takengoodcareofinourcountry.(be)6.Anironandsteelworks,withsomeotherfactories_______tobebuilthere.(be)7.Thenumberofpeopleinvited___________fifty,butanumberofthem___________absentfordifferentreasonsyesterday.(be)8.Thefamousmusician,aswellashisstudents,________toperformattheopeningceremonyoftheSecondChinaInternationalImportExpo.(invite)

9.Whatweneed___________enoughwater,butwhattheyneed___________houses.(be)10.Herfamily______largerthanmineandherfamily_______watchingTVnow.(be)11.There___________abigtableandsixchairsinthediningroom.(be)12.Therestoffood___________(leave)fortherestofthestudentswho___________(have)gonetothelibrary.13.Weneedoneofthestudentswho___________atthemeeting.(speak)Heistheonlyoneofthestudentswho___________(speak)Englishfluently.14.Manyastudentinourclass_____popmusicwhilemanystudentsintheirclass_______classicmusic.(like)15.Eachofthem___________Chinesefood.Theyeach___________Chinesefood.(enjoy)16.Theworkerandwriterreferredto___________(go)towriteacomedy.17.Thiskindofcartoons________wellinthebookstorewhilecartoonsofthatkind_______badly.(sell)18.Noboyandnogirl________(prevent)bytheheavyrainfromtakingpartintheactivity.19.SuchpoetsasShakespearewidelyread,ofwhoseworks,however,somedifficulttounderstand.(be)21.Onethirdofthecountry______coveredwithtreesandthemajorityofthecitizens_______blackpeople.(be)

22.Humanimpactontheanimalkingdom,suchashuntinganddestructionofhabitats,___________areductioninthepopulationofcertainspeciesinthepastthreedecades.(cause)23.Eitheryouoroneofyourstudents_______(be)toattendthemeetingthatisduetomorrow.24.Largeamountsofmoney(spend)onthebridge,which(expect)tobecompletedthenextmonth.25.Everypossiblemeans(try),andwefindonlybythismeanscanwedoitwell.

主谓一致答案was2.am,are3.am4.are,is5.are6.is7.was,