2024年中考英语完形填空讲解真题训练

2024年中考英语完形填空专项讲解☞解读考点完形填空完形填空是一种在语意封闭的情况下考察学生阅读能力及掌握语言基础知识能力的综合性题目。学生应根据语义完整、语法正确、合乎逻辑的原则进行通篇阅读。借助文章的现成文字，通过逻辑思维，联系上下文，推断出可能的答案，使补足后的短文结构完整，意义通畅。一、题型特点1.设空：以实词（名词、动词、形容词、副词、代词）为主，虚词（介词、连词、冠词）为辅。首句可能是主题句，一般不设空。2.选项：每小题给出的选项通常是相同的词类。注重在语境中考查词义辨析，答案要联系上下文才能得出，单纯考查语法的题目较少。3.考点：4.体裁：以记叙文或夹叙夹议文为主，偶尔有说明文或议论文。近几年的试题中还出现了书信等应用文。二、解题步骤及技巧1.解题步骤2.解题技巧（1）语义复现法：完形填空的文章都是围绕一个话题进行论述，在行文中经常会出现原词、同义词、近义词和反义词的复现或异形复现，可以根据这些词之间的有机联系确定答案。例1（2023天津中考）Tomhadabadtoothache.Hismother

wantedtotakehimtothedentist's（牙科诊所）,butherefused.Hewasafraidofthe____whenthedentisthadtoextract（拔出）histooth.Tom'smothertoldhimthatifhedidnotvisitthedentist,thepainwouldgetworse.Atlast,Tomhadtoagree.A.painB.trustC.successD.training解析：A

此题为原词复现。根据下文的thepainwould

getworse可知，Tom是害怕拔牙时的疼痛。（2）背景知识解题法：有时运用背景知识和生活常识可以轻松地选出正确答案。例2（2023凉山中考）Chinesepeoplelikehavingmeals

togetherandtheyputallthedishesonaroundtable.Thereissometimesaroundrotatingdisc（旋转盘）

inthe_____ofthediningtable.Itmakessurethatallthedinerscanenjoythemealandfeelrespected.A.eastB.wesC.center解析：C

根据常识可知，中国人在聚餐时，有时在餐桌的中央放置一个旋转的圆盘，故选C。（3）语境解题法：做题时，要瞻前顾后，词不离句、句不离段、段不离篇。因为有些题单独拿出来看，几个选项填入空格貌似都正确，但结合全文会发现，只有一个最佳答案。例3（河南中考）ShesaidIwasn'tfunny,butshewasn't

right,becauseeveryoneelseintheclasslaughed....Anyway,myteachersentmetotheprincipal'soffice（校长室）.Itoldhimwhathappened,andhe_____,too.A.laughedB.believedC.shoutedD.agreed解析：A

单看设空处所在句，4个选项填入空格都正确。但结合上文“...becauseeveryoneelseintheclasslaughed.”可知，只有A项符合语境。（4）选项代入法：把各选项代入短文中，选出词义和语法均符合要求的选项。如果不能立即选出正确答案，可以验证各选项代入后是否有语法错误、词组搭配是否正确、上下文语义是否连贯，排除不合适的选项，剩下的便是正确答案。例4（安徽中考）Everyweek,Igotalittlebetterandhated

swimmingalittleless.Iworkedatitsomuchthatonedaymyhighschoolswimmingcoachaskedmetojointheschoolteam.Youcanimaginehowthatmademeandmyfamilyfeel_____Iwassoafraidofthewaterbefore!A.orB.asC.ifD.so解析：B

设空处所在句句意为：“你可以想象我和我的家人的感受，因为我以前很害怕水！”Iwassoafraidofthewaterbefore是Youcanimaginehowthatmademeandmyfamilyfeel的原因，所填词引导原因状语从句。依次将4个选项代入原文，只有as符合句意。（5）逻辑关系解题法：该类题主要是通过分析句子与句子、段落与段落之间的逻辑关系来解题，选项多为连词、副词或具有连接意义的各类短语。例5（兰州中考）Whyarehabitssoimportant？_______

yourepeatthesameactionandthesamebehavioreveryday.Asinglegoodactionwillnotchangeyourlife,butthesameactionrepeated1,000timeswillhaveanimportanteffectonyourlife.A.ButB.WhileC.BecauseD.Since解析：C

由句意及上句中的Why可知，此处应用because回答原因。三、真题演练2023年福建中考英语真题ItwasawarmSundayafternooninMay,2021.BesidetheLechRivermanypeoplewereplayingandpicnicking,andtheyfelt___1___

andrelaxed.Somepeoplewerecoolingtheirfeetinthe__2___

waterfromthesnowcoveredmountainsnearby.Frombehindthebar(吧台)attherestaurant,PaulBlachut,a___3___,hadagoodviewoftheriver.Amotherandtwodaughterswereplayingontheriverbankwhen,suddenly,they___4___

intothefastrunningwater.Apasserbyshouted__5___,“Help!Threepeoplearebeingcarriedawaybythewater!”Lookingupfromhiswork,Paulnoticedthethreewomenflapping(摆动)theirarmsinthewater,tryingto___6___

anythingtheycould.Paulrushedtotheriverbankandjumpedintotheriver.Hedidn’t___7___

thecold.Allhecouldthinkaboutwassavingthewomen.Ashegotclosertothem,hefoundthemotherhadthemost___8___

becauseherlongdressmadehersoheavy.Hepushedhertothebankfirst.Thenhemanagedtosavethetwodaughterswithotherpeople’shelp.Later,peopleexpressedtheiradmirationforPaul,___9___

hewasmodest(谦虚的)abouthisrole.“Itonlytookmetwoorthreeminutes,”hesaid,addingthathewashappytohavereceivedhighpraisefromhisbossforhis___10___.Indeed,itwasajobverywelldone.1.A.tiredB.strangeC.fortable2.A.calmB.coldC.salty3.A.bossB.waiterC.tourist4.

A.fellB.ranC.looked5.A.politelyB.bravelyC.loudly6.A.catchB.shakeC.cover7.A.getoverB.careaboutC.keepout8.A.pleasureB.timeC.trouble9.A.butB.orC.so10.A.adviceB.courageC.advantage【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了服务员Paul

Blachut跳进寒冷的河水里救出了三个人的故事，他的勇气和爱心值得人们称赞。【答案】1～5CBBAC6～10ABCAB2.（2023安徽中考）DearBruce,Thanksforyouremail—goodtohearfromyou.I'm

lookingforwardtotheexchange（交流）,too!Anyway,aboutthe

1

andthings.Theschoolhere

isn'tvery

2

aboutmostthings,butthereareafewthingsyouneedtoknow.Firstofall—

3

.Youcanwearwhatyouwant,

4

youcan'twearjeans（牛仔裤）withholesinthem.Youshould

5

fortablethings.Andit'llbecoldwhenyou'reheresoyou'dbetterbringsome

6

clothes.Theschool'sprettystrictaboutphones—ofcourse

youcan

7

them,butyouhaveto

8

thephonesandkeeptheminaplaceasyouarerequiredbeforeclass.Andyoucanbring

9

toschoolbutyoumusteatitoutsideduringthebreak.Ifit'sraining,youcaneatintheclassroom.Inshort,it'sagoodschoolandtheteachersarekind.

Youreallydon'thavetoworryaboutanythinghere.Hopemyadviceis

10

toyou.Writeagainsoon,OK？Andtellmeifthere'sanythingelseyouneedtoknow.Yours,Saral1.A.interviewsB.hobbiesC.marksD.rules2.A.strictB.fairC.modernD.sure3.A.questionsB.reportsC.clothesD.subjects4.A.orB.soC.forD.but5.A.borrowB.wearC.receiveD.sell6.A.cleanB.dryC.warmD.new7.A.bringB.returnC.pareD.repair8.A.handoutB.throwawayC.turnoffD.pickup9.A.moneyB.foodC.paperD.water10.A.helpfulB.similarC.secretD.free【语篇导读】本文是Saral写给交换生Bruce的一封邮件，介绍了学校里的校规以及学校人员的情况。【答案】1～5DACDB6～10CACBA3.（2023成都中考）ClaudeMonetbroughtsunshineinto

painting.Hewasoneofthefirstartiststowork

1

.Thatmaysound

2

toustoday.Butbefore1870,mostartistsdidalltheirpaintingsinrooms.TheyusedmodelsdressedupasGreekgodsorheroesfromhistory.Theypaintedwithdarkcolorssotheirpictureswouldlookmore

3

.However,Monetandhisartistfriends

4

therules.

Theytooktheirpaintsandbrushestopaintlakes,flowersandwoodsintheopenair.Theywantedtoshow

5

sunlightmadewaterandboatslookatdifferenttimesduringtheday.Iftheypaintedpeople,theyalwayspaintedmonpeople.Theyused

6

colorsandpaintedquickly.Forye