湖南省长沙市重点中学2023-2024学年高一入学考试英语试题

湖南师大附中2023级高一年级入学考试

英语

时量：90分钟满分：100分

得分________

一、阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。

A

WaystoImproveVocabularyinJustOneDay

TheaverageAmericanhasavocabularyinthethousands.Trythesetrickstomakesureyoursbuildsup.

Watchmovies

"Ifyouseethemovieversionofyourfavouritebookyou'relikelytohaveadeeperunderstandingandknowledge

ofthewordsinitJsaysNeuman,professorofChildhoodandLiteracyEducationatNewYorkUniversity."Seeingand

readingsomethingonthesametopicisreallyimportant.n

Readmagazines

Ifyouwanttoimprovevocabulary,don'tjustflipthroughyourfavouritemagazine,reallyreadit.

Listentohowwordssound

Manypeoplewon'tremembertrickywordsunlesstheycomeacrossthemfrequently.Butifyouhearawordthat

youthinksoundsinteresting,youbecomewordconscious（有意识的）andstartusingityourself,saysNeuman.

Joinabookclub

“Bookclubsareawonderfulstrategytolearnnewwords,"saysNeuman.Notonlywillitforceyoutosetaside

timeinyourdaytoread,butit'salsoagoodwaytodiscoverbooksyoumightnotnormallybedrawnto.

Listentotheradio

Thosetypesofprogramscanexposeyoutotopicsyoumaynotbefamiliarwith.Don'tmissthesemiddleschool

vocabularywordsadultsstilldon'tknow.

Payattentiontoyoursurroundings

Nexttimewalkdownabusystreetortakeawalkinthepark,trytodescribewhatyou'reseeingasmuchas

possibleinsideyourhead.

Read,read,read

Evenifyoudon'tstoptolookupeverysingleforeignword,chancesareyoucanimprovevocabularysimplyby

figuringout（想出）theirmeaningbasedonthecontext.

I.Howmanytricksmentionedabovearethroughhearing?

A.1.B.2.C.3D.4.

2.Accordingtothepassage-howwillyoufindsomespecialandunusualbooks?

A.Byjoiningabookclub.B.Bylisteningtotheradio.

C.Bywalkingaround.D.Bywatchingmovies.

3.Wheredoesthispassageprobablycomefrom?

A.Asportsmagazine.B.Asciencereport.C.Awebsite.D.Anovel.

InOctober,Itoldtheeight-year-oldsintheclassIteachinPomptonLakes.NewJersey,aboutmyplan."Sinceall

ofyouhavedoneextrajobsaroundthehousetocamsomemoney/Isaid,"thenwe'llbuyfoodforaThanksgiving

dinnerforsomeonewhomightnothaveanicedinnerotherwise.1'Ihopedtheycouldexperienceasenseoftheirown

powertobringchange.

Iwatchedthemwhiletheywalkedupanddownthesupermarket.nFlowers!"Kristinecried.Thegrouprushed

towardstheholidayplants.

"Youcan'teatflowers.H-Itwaswisertouseanyextramoneytobuysomethingthatcouldbeturnedintomeals.

"ButMrsSherlock,"camethebeggingvoice,Mwewantflowers."

Defeatedfinally,Iputapotof"funny"purplemums（菊花）inthecartfulloffoods."She'lllikethisone,"the

childrenagreed.

Anorganizationhadgivenusthenameandaddressofaneedygrandmotherwhohadlivedaloneformanyyears.

Wefinallypulledupinfrontofasmallhouse.Aslightly-builtwomanwithawearyfacecametothedoortowelcome

us.

Mylittlegrouprantogetthefoods.As,eachboxwascarriedin,theoldwomankeptonsaying"Thanks."-much

tohervisitors*pleasure.WhenAmyputthemumsonthecounter,thewomanseemedsurprised.She*swishingitwasa

bagofrice,Ithought.

Wereturnedtothecar.Aswefastenedourseatbelts,wecouldseethekitchenwindow.Thewomaninsidewaved

goodbye,thenturnedandwalkedacrosstheroom,pasttheturkey,pastthegoods,straighttothemums.Sheputher

faceinthem.Whensheraisedherhead,therewasasmileonherlips.Shewastransformed（转变）beforeoureyes.

Thechildrenwerequiet.Atthatmoment,theyhadseenforthemselvesthepowertheyhavetomakeanother'slife

better.ThechildrenhadsensedthatsometimesapersonneedsapotoffunnypurpleflowersonadarkNovemberday.

4.Whatistheauthor'splanaimedat?

A.Helpingstudentsfocusontheirhappiness.

B.Teachingstudentsthenecessityofdoinghousework.

C.Lettingstudentsfeeltheirabilitytomakeadifference.

D.Gettingstudentstoknowhowtobefinanciallyindependent.

5.Whydidtheauthorconsiderthemums“funny”?

A.Becauseshethoughttheyweretoougly.

B.Becauseshethoughttheywereforchildren.

C.Becauseshethoughttheyweretooexpensive.

D.Becauseshethoughttheycouldn'thelppeopleinneed.

6.Whatcanweknowfromthepassage?

A.Theoldwomanpreferredfoodtoflowers.

B.Flowersaremoreimportantthanfoodtothepoor.

C.Theoldwoman'sdarkdaywasbrightenedbythechildren.

D.Allthemoneythechildrenearnedwastransformedtofood.

7.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.APerfectLessonB.TheImportanceofGiving

C.AHappyShoppingDayD.TheSecrettoHappiness

C

Summer2022wasahardtimeformany.HugeheatwavessweptacrossEuropeancountriesandpartsofChina.

Theybroughtextreme（极端）hightemperaturesanddrought.

Europehasexperienceditshottestsummersince1979.InSpain,temperaturesquicklyincreasedpast40℃andit

wasoneofthehottestsummersonrecord:InItalyandGreece,temperatureshit38℃ormore.Europealso

experienceditsmostseriousdroughtin500years.Thedryconditionsledtowildfires.Thelackofrainfallcaused

watershortages.Asaresult,waterusesbecameabigproblem.BackinChina,similarthingshappenedinthesummer.

Heatwaveshitmanyplacesacrossthecountry.Chongqing'shighesttemperaturereached45℃,breakingitshistorical

record.InAugust,morethan20forestfireshappenedinthearea.

Heatwavesaremoreharmfulthanyoumightexpect.Ifpeoplestayinhightemperaturesfortoolong,theheat

willharmtheirbodiesandmakepeoplefeelsick,passoutorevendie.Duringthe2003heatwaveinEurope,about

70,000peopledied.Besidesthis,heatwavesmakesomeinfectiousdiseases（传染病）evenmoreserious.

What,causedtheextremeweatherevent?Scientistssaidclimatechangewaslikelytobethereason.Countries

andorganizationsaretakingactiontodealwithit.TheEuropeanUnionhassetitsgoaltoachievenet-zeroemissions

（净零排放）by2050.Chinaalsohasthegoalofpeakingcarbondioxideemission（碳排放达到峰值）before2030and

achievingcarbonneutrality（碳中和）before2060.Manycountrieshavecarriedoutpolicies,likesupportinggreen

energyandmakingmoreefficientuseofenergy.

8.Whathappenedlastsummerinthepassage?

A.Manypeoplediedbecauseofheatwaves.

B.Theworldfacedthehighesttemperaturesinhistory.

C.Someinfectiousdiseasesbrokeout（爆发）inEurope.

D.HugeheatwavesaffectedEuropeancountriesandpartsofChina.

9.Fromthepassage,whatproblemsdidheatwavesbring?

©infectiousdisease②hightemperature③drought©heavyrain

A.①②B.②③C.③④D.①④

10.Theunderlinedphrase"passout"probablymeansinChinese.

A.去世B.经过C.流汗D.晕倒

11.Whatmightcausetheextremeweathereventaccordingtothepassage?

A.Climatechange.B.Carbonneutrality.

C.TheEuropeanUnion'spoliciesD.Efficientuseofenergy.

D

Sometimes,youjustcan'thelpit.Maybeyou'rewatchingasadmovie,orthinkingaboutthefriendwhomoved

away.Nextthingyouknow,youfeelpressureinyourthroat,youreyesarewatering,andyouhavetearsrunningdown

yourcheeks.

AccordingtoAdVingerhoets,aprofessorof-psychologyatTilburgUniversity,intheNetherlands,whoisoneof

thefewscientistsintheworldwhohavestudiedcrying,therearethreetypesoftears.Basaltearsarethefirsttype.

Theyactasaprotectivebarrierbetweentheeyeandtherestoftheworld.Nextarereflextears.Theywashyoureyes

cleanwhensomethinggetsinthem.Finally,thereareemotionaltears."Thesearereleasedinresponsetoemotional

states,"explainsVingerhoets.

Scientistsbelievecryinghassomethingtodowithhowhumansdevelopedandlearnttodependoneachother.

"Humansareverycomplexsocialcreatures,'*saysLaurenBylsma,aprofessorattheUniversityofPittsburgh,in

Pennsylvania.HItseemsthattearsservetoarousehelpandsupportfromothers,*'shesays.

Vingerhoetsagrees,nIthinkthatthereasonwhyhumansshedtears（流眼泪）hassomethingtodowithour

childhood,'1hesays.Mthat'sthetimewhenwearestilldependentonadultsforloveandprotectionandcare.Themajor

advantageofemotionaltearsisthatyoucantargetthemataspecificperson."Vingerhoetssaysthisabilitycouldhave

comeinhandyinprehistorictimes,whenhumanswerelivingamongdangerousanimals.Tearswereasaferwaytoget

attention.nInthiscase,itisbettertouseasilentsignaltoaskforhelp,"hesays.

VingerhoetsandBylsmadofrequentstudiestobetterunderstandwhyhumanscry.AccordingtoBylsma,thereis

stillmuchmoretodiscover."It'ssurprising,'1shesays,MHowmuchwestilldon'tknow.”

12.Whichofthefollowingisreflextears?

A.Tearswheneyesaredry.B.Tearsmovedbyastory.

C.Tearsreleasedwhencrying.D.Tearswhendirtgetsintoeyes.

13.Theunderlinedphrase"thisability"inparagraph4referstotheabilityto

A.seekhelpwiselyB.aimtearsatsomeone

C.cryemotionallyD.appealtootherpeople

14.Fromthetext,welearnthatAdVingerhoetsandLaurenBylsma

A.havelearnedenoughabouttearsB.areworkingtogethertostudytears

C.thinkpositivelyoftheeffectsoftearsD.holddifferentopinionsaboutthecausesoftears

15.Whatisthisarticlemainlyabout?

A.Thereasonbehindtears.B.Thecomponentsoftears.

C.Thetypesoftears.D.Theopinionsabouttears.

二、七选五（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Whyplaysports?Youmightsay"togetexerciseandyou'dberight.Tohavefun?Thafstrue,too.Butthere's

more16AccordingtotheWomen'sSportsFoundation,girlswhoplaysportsgetaletmorethanjustfit.

Girlswhoplaysportsdobetterinschool.Youmightthinkthatplayingsportswilltakeupallyourstudytime.

17Exerciseimproveslearning,memory,andconcentration（专心）,whichcangiveactivegirlsanadvantageinthe

classroom.

Girlswhoplaysportslearnteamworkandgoal-settingskills.18Whenyouworkwithcoaches,trainers,

andteammatestowingamesandachievegoals,you'relearninghowtobesuccessful.Thoseskillswillserveyouwell

atworkandinfamilylife.

Sportsaregoodfbragirl'shealth.Inadditiontobeingfitandkeepingahealthyweight,girlswhoplaysportsare

alsolesslikelytosmoke.Andlaterinlife,girlswhoexercisearelesslikelytogetosteoporosis（骨质疏松症）.

Playingsportsimprovesself-confidence19Why?Itbuildsconfidencewhenyouknowyoucanpractice,

improve,andachieveyourgoals.Sportsarealsoafeel-goodactivitybecausetheyhelpgirlsgetinshape,keepa

healthyweight,andmakenewfriends.

20Playingsportscanreducepressureandhelpyoufeelalittlehappier.How?Thebrainchemicals

releasedduringexerciseimproveaperson'smood.Friendsareanothermood-lifter.Andbeingonateamcreatestight

bondsbetweenfriends.Ifsgoodtoknowyourteammateswillsupportyoubothonandoffthefield!

A.Exercisecutsthepressure.

B.Sportsteachvaluablelifeskills.

C.Infact,thereareatleastfivereasons.

D.Regularexerciseincreasesqualityoflife.

E.Girlswhoplaysportsfeelbetteraboutthemselves.

F.Playingsportsofferschildrenmorethanjustphysicalbenefits.

GButresearchshowsthatgirlswhoplaysportsdobetterinschoolthanthosewhodon't.

三、完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

Anoldwomanwassittingbehindherson,Rahul,whowasverybusywithsomeofhisofficework.Justthen,a

squirrel（松鼠）cameandsatonthewindowofthehouse.Themotheraskedhersonwhatthatwas.Herson21

thatitwasasquirrel.Abouthalfanhour22,hismotheragainaskedwhatthatwas.Heagaintoldheritwasa

squirrel.

Forthe23timewhenhismotheraskedthesamequestion,hesaidtoherinavery24voicewith

impatience,"Can^you25it'sasquirrel?Whyareyouaskingmethesamequestionagainandagain?"The

motherfeltverybadandherheartwas26sorrow.Andshejuststoodupandsaid27tohimandmade

him28.

Shethensatnexttohimand29astoryabouta5-year-oldboy.Thatboywasverycuteandsweet.One

day,abirdcameand30onthewindowofthehouse.Thatboyaskedhismotherwhatthatwas.Hewasasking

thatquestionaboutfifteen31,butallthetimehismotheransweredhimvery32,andkissedher

33onhisfaceeverytime.

ThatboyisRahulwhonowiswelleducatedwitha34job.Rahu!canbeme,youormanypeopleinthis

world,whodon't35theirmotherslovinglyenough.

21.A.thoughtB.hopedC.commentedD.replied

22.A.agoB.beforeC.laterD.early

23.A.thirdB.lastC.nextD.second

24.A.weakB.softC.gentleD.loud

25.A.argueB.suggestC.doubtD.understand

26.A.filledwithB.freefromC.afraidofD.usedto

27.A.goodbyeB.helloC.thanksD.sorry

28.A.breakdownB.calmdownC.checkoutD.giveup

29.A.wroteB.readC.toldD.listened

30.A.chattedB.recoveredC.restedD.surfed

31.A.secondsB.timesC.momentsD.years

32.A.patientlyB.fluentlyC.quicklyD.amazingly

33.A.workerB.sonC.petD.mother

34.A.low-gradeB.second-handC.high-pricedD.well-paid

35.A.missB.helpC.treatD.admire

四、语法填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Ifyouarelikemostyoungpeople,you'llhavebeenonline36.usedaphoneatsomepointtoday.Abit

ofscreentimeisfine-especiallyifyouarestudying,socializingorsimplyrelaxing.Yettoomuchscreentimecanbe

badforyourbrain.

Arecentstudyofmorethan4,000childrenfoundthatthosewho37.(play)onascreenanywheredid

notdo38.(well)inthinkingteststhanthosewhoseldomusedmobilephones,39.(look)at

thingsonlinecanalsomeanthatyouaremissingoutontherealworld.Everyhourlookingatascreen40.

(be)anhouryoucanspendbeingwithyourfriendsorlearninganewexcitinghobby.

Ifyouareworriedthatyouarespendingtoomanyhoursscrolling(滚动)throughsocialmedia,gluedtothe

televisionor41.(lose)ingames,youmightwanttothinkaboutcuttingdownabit,oreven"goingcold

turkey",42.meansgivingupcompletely,insteadof43.(cut)back.

Seeif