2023年高考英语一轮复习讲义必修第一册 Unit 3 Sports and Fitness

必修

第一册Unit3SportsandFitness

L基础知识排查

•知识速记词汇句型

L单元词汇要记牢1

I.认阅读单词

1.soccers.足球；足球运动

2.stadiumn.（/^/.stadiumsorstadia）体育场；运动场

3.boxingn.拳击（运动）

4.badmintonn.羽毛球运动

5.marathonn.马拉松赛跑

6.ski滑雪的况.滑雪

7.trackandfield田径

8.gymnasticsn.体操（训练）

9.legend〃,传奇故事（或人物）；传说

10.glory加荣誉；光荣；赞美

11.graceful〃切.优美的;优雅的

12.push-upn.{especially俯卧撑

13.errorn,错误；差错

n.记重点单词

1.events.比赛项目；大事；公开活动

2.track/?.跑道；足迹；铁路轨道式追踪；跟踪

3.gym〃.健身房；体育馆

4.sweat”使出汗；出汗弄湿况.出汗；流汗n.汗水；出汗

5.athleten.运动员；运动健儿

6.master/?.高手；主人“精通；掌握

7.medaln.奖章；勋章

8.captain〃.（运动队）队长；船长；机长

9.apart4do.分离；分开；成碎片

10.pretend况.&”假装；装扮

11.million〃〃加.一百万

12.cheat况.作弊；舞弊“欺骗；蒙骗".欺骗手段；骗子

13.audiencen,观众；听众

14.positive时.积极的；正面的；乐观的；肯定的

15.slim时.苗条的;单薄的

16.die".规定饮食；日常饮食山.节食

17.ralherado.相当；有点儿

18.jog式.慢跑〃.慢跑

IH.知拓展单词

1.fitness〃.健康；健壮；适合ffit〃的.适合的；健康的”.&式.适合unfit不适合的

2.host”主办；主持77.主人；东道主；节目主持人一hostess”.女主人

3.honour/?.荣誉；尊敬；荣幸-*honourable〃的.可敬的；体面的fhonoured〃力受尊敬的

4.championshipn.锦标赛；冠军赛；冠军称号fchampion冠军；优胜者

5.determinationn.决心；决定fdetermineo.决心；决意一determined皈/.坚决的

6.injure”.使受伤；损害finjured4力受伤的；有伤的finjury〃.伤害；损伤

7.strengthn.力量；体力fstrengthen增强fstrong强壮的

8.failure/?.失败；失败的人（或事物）ffail失败

9.compete式.竞争；对抗一*competition竞争；比赛-competitor竞争者；对手fcompetitive

砌.竞争的

10.stress/?.压力；紧张；重音”强调；重读；使焦虑不安式.焦虑不安fstressful//.造成

压力的-*stressedadj.感到压力的

IV.背核心短语

1.comealong跟随；到达；进步；赶快

2.workout锻炼；计算出；解决

3.makeit获得成功；准时到达

4.setanexample树立榜样

5.fallapart破裂;破碎；崩溃

6.loseheart丧失信心；泄气

7.giveup放弃；投降

8.makesense有道理；合乎情理；表述清楚

9.pretendtodosth.假装做某事

10.evenif/though即使；虽然

11.makeadifference有作用或影响

12.ratherthan而不是

13.cut...out停止做（或使用、食用）；剪下

14.nowandthen有时；偶尔

15.compare...with/to…与...比较

［增加词汇来助力1

1.agricultural〃办农业的

2.allergic过敏的

3.alphabetn.字母表

4.alternative可选择的n.可供选择的事物

5.altituden.高地；高度

6.altogether。血总共

7.amateurM’.业余的；外行的n.业余选手

8.ambitionn.野心；抱负

L经典句式需倍通1

1.Theymustbeathleteswhoaremastersintheirsportsandalsosetgoodexamplesfor

others.（who引导的定语从句）

他们必须是他们（各自的）运动领域的高手，而且为其他人树立了很好的榜样。

2.TheBoysandGirlsClubwhichhestartedinChicagohasbeenhelpingyoungpeoplesince

1996.现在完成进行时）

他在芝加哥所创建的“男孩女孩俱乐部”从1996年至今一直在帮助年轻人。

3.Asoccerplayershouldnotpretendtofalldownevenifithelpshis/herteam.（evenif）

足球运动员不应该假装摔倒，即使这对他/她的球队有帮助。

4.OnceIstartedthinkingaboutfitnessratherthanweight,thingsbegantochange.（once弓I导的

时间状语从句）

一旦我开始考虑健康而不是体重，事情就有了变化。

5.Insteadofsaying“Iwanttolosethreekilos”,Iwouldsay“Iwanttoruntwokilometresin

eightminutes"or"Iwanttobeabletodo30push-upsv.（insteadofdoing）

我不再说“我想减掉3千克”，而是说“我想在8分钟内跑2千米”或“我希望能做30个俯

卧撑”o

6.Bybeingpositiveaboutmyselfandmybody,Ibecamebothhappierandhealthier.（bydoing作

状语）

通过积极看待自我和自己的身体，我变得更快乐、更健康了.

■语境填词词汇串记

请先从表格中选用本单元所学词汇完成下列短文，然后核对答案并背诵该短文。

sweal,honour,pretend,positive,delermination,ratherihan

CompetitiveSportsandMassSports

Includingsoccer,boxing,badminton,marathon,skiing,gymnasticsandtrackandfield,

thereseemtobehundredsofsportsforus.Instadiums,gyms,orhomes,wecanworkout

1.sweatingallover.Competitivesportsmeanthatathletesmustcompeteagainsteachotherfor

medalsinchampionshipsoreventsinOlympicstowin2.honourandgloryfortheircountry,

whichneedsnotonlyskillsandstrengthbutalsogreat3,determination.However,successoften

comesalongwithstress,failureandinjuries.Sometimesevenamastermayfallapart»buthe

neverlosesheart.Finallyhemakesitandbecomesachampionandlegend，settinganexampleto

others.Comparedwithcompetitivesports,masssportsfocusonfitness4.ratherthan

competition.Millionsofpeoplegojoggingordopush-upstokeepsliminsteadofgoingonadiet

bycuttingoutfat.However,withnoaudiencetoshoutencouragement,theymaygiveup.They

cheatthemselvesintotakingexercisethenextdayor5,pretendtohavedoneitotherwise,which

doesn?tmakesense.However,evenifyoutakeexercisenowandthen,itwillmakeadifference

andhave6.positiveeffects,won'tit?

L核心考点突破

提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇

Elhonourn.荣誉；尊敬；荣幸

•It'sanhonourforsb.todosth.对某人来说做某事很荣幸。

feelitanhonourtodosth.为做某事感到荣幸

inhonourof...[p]表示敬意；为纪念

•be/feelhonouredtodosth.做某事感到荣幸

(1)MichaelJordan,amasterinbasketball,neverlostheartevenifhewasfacedwithfailure,for

whichhewasgreatlyhonoured(honour).

⑵人们庆祝端午节纪念屈原，他是中国一位伟大的诗人。(话题写作之传统节日)

PeoplecelebratetheDragonBoatFestivalinhonourofQuYuan,whoisagreatChinesepoet.

⑶能有宝贵的机会在这里发表演讲，我感到非常荣幸。(应用文写作之演讲稿)

①Itisahonourformetohavethepreciousopportunitytodeliveraspeechhere.(itisan

honourforsb.todo)

②Ifeciila《realhonourlohave(hepreciousopportunilytodeliveraspeechhere.(feelitanhonour

todo)

③Ifeelgreatlyhonouredlohavethepreciousopportunitytodeliveraspeechhere.(feelhonoured

todo)

国determinationn.决心；决定(determine测定；决定；确定determined时•坚决的；

有决心的)

•determinetodo...决定做...(表示动作)

determineon/upon(doing)stFu决定(做)某事

•bedeterminedtodo...决心做.(表示状态)

(l)Writeapoemabouthowcourage,determination(determine),andstrengthhavehelpedyouface

challengesinyourlife.(2020・新高考全国［)

(2)Hedeterminedon/uponfacingthefailurebravelyratherthanescapingfromreality.

⑶就在那时我决定继续在农场工作，以便能帮助养活我的家人。(2021.6月浙江，读后续写)

ItwasatthattimethatIdeterminedtogoonworkingonthefarmsothatIcouldhelpsupportmy

family.(determinetodo)

(4)决心很好地组织这次主题班会，我写信征求你关于哪些中国传统文化最吸引外国人的意

见。(2021•全国甲,书面表达)

DeterminedtoorganizeIheihemeclassmeetingwonderfully,Iamwritingtoaskyouforadviceon

whichChinesetraditionalculturesattractforeignersmost.(过去分词短语作状语)

用injuryn.伤害；损伤(injured的.受伤的；有伤的injure诃.使受伤；损害)

•dosb.aninjury伤害某人

•theinjured受伤的人；伤员

•get/beinjured受伤

(1)Thecaptainrecoveredfromhisinjuries(injure)soonwiththehelpofskilleddoctorsandnurses.

⑵尽管腿受了伤，他还是决心跑完马拉松。

①ThoughheRot/wasinjuredintheleg,hewasdeterminedtofinishthemarathon.

②Thoughinjuredinthnlee,hewasdeterminedtofinishthemarathon.(用“连词+过去分词”作

状语改写)

（3）营救队像箭一样冲往现场，给伤者实施急救，然后急忙把他们送往最近的医院。（读后续写

之动作链描写）

Therescueteamdashedtothespotlikearrows,offeredfirstaidtotheinjuredandthenrushedthem

tothenearesthospital.

Elfailurezi.失败；失败的人（或事物）（fail失败；不及格）

•failure作可数名词，意为“失败者，失败的事”；作不可数名词，意为“失败”。类似的词

还有success,surprise,honour,difficulty等。

•failtodosth.没做成某事

（1）Theathletedidn'twinamedalorbecomeachampion,buttheaudiencedidn'tviewhimasa

failure.

⑵正如一句谚语说的那样，“失败是成功之母”。努力，你就会取得进步。（应用文写作之鼓

励他人）

Asaproverbgoes,“Failureisthemotherofsuccess.”Workhard,andyouwillmakeprogress.

⑶这对双胞胎感到沮丧，他们没做成一顿美味的母亲节早餐。（2021.新高考全国1,读后续

写）

ThetwinsfeltdepressedthattheyfailedtocookadeliciousMother'sDaybreakfast.

Wcompete泣竞争；对抗（competitive喈•竞争的，竞争心强的；有竞争力的competitorn.竞

争者，竞争对手；参赛者competitionn.竞争；竞赛，比赛）

competewith/againstsb.和某人竞争

competeforsth.为...而竞争

competeinsth.在...中竞争

（l）Astheyoungestcompetitor,Johnwillcompeteinthewritingcompetitionfortheannualaward

ofwriting.Hemustbeverycompititivesothathecanwin.（compete）

⑵在南瓜地里，我和我的兄弟姐妹比赛去找最大的南瓜。（20214月浙江，读后续写）

Inthepumpkinfield,Iconwcledwilh/aeainslmvsiblingstoseekoutthebiggestpumpkin.

⑶尽管这是一场竞争激烈的比赛，但是真正重要的不是冠军称号，而是参与者在比赛中所展

示出来的决心。（2020.新高考全国I,应用文写作）

Although/Though/Whilethiswasacompetitiverace,whatreallymatteredwasnotthetitleof

championshipbutthedeterminationthatparticipantsshowedduringtherace.

国giveup放弃；投降

givein屈服,投降

giveout分发；用光；耗尽

giveaway赠送；泄露

giveoff散发（光和热等）

givewayto给...让路

givesb.ahand帮某人一个忙

（1）Althoughhedidn,tadmitthathehadcheatedintheexam,hisfacialexpressiongavehim

away.

（2）Ontheedgeofthejacket,thereisapieceofclothwhichgivesofflightinthedark.

⑶尽管已经失败多次，他们也不放弃，最终做出了美味的爆米花。

（2020.新高考全国1,读后续写）

Thoughhavingfailedmanytimes,theydidn'tgiveupandfinallydeliciouspopcornwasmade.

⑷看到这对双胞胎失望的脸庞，爸爸乐意帮助他们做早餐，并且温柔地轻声说道：“亲爱的

孩子，不要向暂时的困难屈服。”（2021.新高考全国I,读后续写）

Seeingthetwins'disappointedfaces,thefatherwillinglyRavethemahandtocookbreakfastand

whisperedgently，“Mydearchildren,don'tgiveintothetemporarydifficulty.”

⑸简的精力已经耗尽了。她的脚像灌了铅一样沉重，她瘫坐在树旁，失控地哭起来。（读后续

写之情感描写）

Jane'senergyhadRivenoul.Herfeetfeltasheavyasleadandsheslumpedbesideatree,weeping

withoutcontrol.

Hmakesense有道理；合乎情理；表述清楚

makefor走向；冲向

makeit获得成功；准时到达

makea/nodifference有/没有作用或影响

makeone'sway前往；成功

makesenseof弄懂...的意思

makesure确信；一定

makeup组成；补偿；编造；化妆；和解

⑴用make的相关短语填空

©Pretendingtohaveunderstoodwhatyourteachersaiddoesn'tmakesense.

②HiswordspuzzledmesomuchthatIhadahardtimemakingsenseofwhathereallymeant.

©Despiteastrongwind,westillmadeittotheairportonscheduleyesterday.

⑵有时仅仅一点善举也很有意义，使得这个世界更加美丽和谐。(读后续写之升华句)

Sometimesonlyalittlekindnesscanmakeagreatdifference,makingtheworldmorebeautifuland

hannonious.

©cut.・・out停止做(或使用、食用)；剪下

cutacross穿过(某地)(尤指抄近路)

cutin插嘴

cutoff中止；切掉；使隔绝

cutup切碎

cutdown砍倒；削减；删节；缩小(尺寸、数量等)

用cut的相关短语填空

(l)Tokeepphysicallyhealthy,theexpertsstronglysuggestcuttingoutalcoholinourdailylife.

(2)1usuallyculacrosstheparkonmywayhomesothatIcanarrivehomeearly.

(3)Shekeptoncuttinginonourconversation,whichmadeusveryannoyed.

(4)Thecaptaincutupthemeatinhisplateimpatientlytoshowhisanger.

(5)Hiscompanywillshutdownifthewatersupplyisculoff.

❾evenif/though

Asoccerplayershouldnotpretendtofalldowng烬gfithelps

his/herteam.足球运动员不应该假装摔倒，即使这对他/她的球队有帮助。

evenif/though"尽管；即使"，引导让步状语从句

⑴即使我学英语费力，我仍然竭尽全力提高我的英语水平。

EveniOthoughIhavedifficulty(in)studyingEnglish,IstilldowhateverIcantoimprovemy

English.

(2)尽管他深陷困境，他仍然乐意帮助处于困境中的人。

Evenif/thoughhewassluckinhardships,hestillwillinglyhelpedthoseintrouble.

■巩固落实基础达标

提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇

I.一词多义练/熟词生义练—清除阅读障碍

1.workout

A.锻炼(身体)B.解决C.计算出

(l)Withgreateffortsthesoldierworkedouttheproblem.B

(2)Theareacanbeeasilyworkedoutifyouknowthelengthandthewidth.C

(3)Towingloryforourclassinthesportsmeeting,Ihavebeenworkingoutforanhourevery

morning.A

2.compare...to...

A.把……比作……B.把……和……比较

(1)1oftencomparewhatIthinktowhatothershavethought.B

(2)Scientistssometimescomparethehumanbraintoacomputer.A

3.快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的汉语意思

(1)The2008OlympicGamesisthebiggestsportingeventeverheldinBeijing.比赛项目

(2)Evenifthearchitectworkedhard,hestillhadaslimchanceofwinningthecompetition.

微小的；渺茫的

(3)1can'tstresstoomuchtheimportanceofkeepingdiariesinEnglisheverydav.强调

II.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识

1.Thesoldierfeltgreatlyhonoured(honour)toseetheemperorintheflesh.

2.Determined(determine)togettothedestination,theathleteshowedamazingwillpower.

3.Thearchitectgotinjured(injure)whenhikingtothecastlethroughanarrowpath.

4.Whencheckingoutatthecounter,themanfoundhiscreditcardlost,sohehadtogiveuj?the

purchase.

5.Thecompetition(compete)wasextremelyfierceandatlastwewonthematchnairowlyby74vs

72.

6.Itisrequestedthatweshouldcutdowntheintakeoffatandsugartoregainfitness.

7.Ratherthanadmiring(admire)thebeautyofmoviestars,Ilearnedtodiscovermyuniquebeauty.

8.Failure(fail)isrecognisedasthemotherofsuccess,soaslongaswedon?tloseheart,wewill

succeed.

9.Icouldnotmakesenseofwhathesaiduntilhetoldmethestoryindetail.

10.IhavebeenUyine(lry)tocontacttheofficialinchargeoftransportinthepastthreehours,butI

don'tmakeit.

L写作能力提升

i.单句写作一应用文增分练

(2018•全国III)——新体育馆

1.我们学校有1000多名学生，他们渴望参加户外活动。(who引导的定语从句)

Therearemorethan1.000studentswhodesiretotakepartinoutdooractivitiesinourschool.

2.在过去，即使我们想做运动，由于缺乏合适的体育设施，我们只能待在室内。(evenif)

Inthepast,