20选择性必修二Unit4Livingwithtechnology背诵清单（含练习与答案）-2025年高考英语一轮复习基础知识能力提升全囊括（译林版2020）

选择性必修二Unit4Livingwithtechnology知识背诵清单一、背重点单词1._____________________n.领悟(或理解、办事)能力；容量2._____________________n.重大进展，突破adj.突破性的3._____________________vt.敦促，催促；大力推荐n.冲动，强烈的欲望4._____________________vt.造成，产生；提问，质询vi.摆好姿势n.姿势5._____________________n.警告，先兆；警戒6._____________________vt.需要；强烈要求n.要求，所需之物；需求，需要7._____________________n.识别，认出；承认，认可；赞誉8._____________________n.可供选择的事物adj.可供替代的；非传统的9._____________________vt.&vi.&n.减少，降低10._____________________vt.否认，否定；拒绝承认11._____________________n.数量；大量12._____________________vi.从事间谍活动vt.突然看见n.间谍13._____________________vt.监视，跟踪调查；监听n.显示屏；监测器；班长14._____________________adj.合乎情理的，事出有因的15._____________________n.优越感；优越性，优势16._____________________n.定义；释义，解释17._____________________n.好像一模一样的人，复制品vt.克隆，以无性繁殖技术复制答案：1.capacity2.breakthrough3.urge4.pose5.warning6.demand7.recognition8.alternative9.decrease10.deny11.quantity12.spy13.monitor14.justified15.superiority16.definition17.clone二、用核心词汇1.inputn.输入的信息；投入vt.(input,input)输入(信息)→(反义词)_____________n.输出；输出量；产)量；出产vt.输出2.analysevt.分析→___________n.分析→________________adj.分析的；解析的；善于分析的3.massn.大量→________________adj.巨大的，大而重的；非常严重的→___________adv.巨大地；大量地4.financen.财政，金融；资金；财力，财务管理vt.提供资金→_________________adj.财政的，金融的；财务的5.crimen.罪，罪行；犯罪活动→________________adj.犯罪的n.罪犯6.murderw.&n.谋杀，凶杀→________________n.谋杀犯,凶手7.apparentadj.明显的；显而易见的→________________adv.显然，可见8.greedn.贪婪；贪心→________________adj.贪心的，贪婪的→________________adv.贪婪地；贪食地9.distributevt.使分布，分散；分发，分配；分销→________________n.分发，分送；分配，分布→_________________n.经销商；分销商10.threatn.构成威胁的人(或事物);威胁，恐吓；凶兆→________________vt.危及，对……构成威胁；威胁，恐吓→_________________adj.恐吓的；具有威胁的11.buryvt.埋藏；埋葬，安葬；覆盖；遮盖；使陷入→________________adj.埋在地下的；埋葬的；埋藏的→________________n.埋葬；葬礼12.practisev.实践→________________v.&n.实践→________________adj.实际的，真实的；切实可行的；有用的；实事求是的13.engagevt.&vi.吸引住(注意力、兴趣);雇用，聘用；与……建立密切关系→________________adj.忙于，从事于；已订婚的→________________n.婚约，约会14.annoyv.使恼怒，使生气；打扰，骚扰→________________adj.恼怒的，烦恼的→_________________adj.使人恼怒的→________________n,恼怒，烦恼15.expensen.费用；开销；开支→________________adj.昂贵的；花钱多的答案：1.output2.analysis;analytical3.massive;massively4.financial5.criminal6.murderer7.apparently8.greedy;greedily9.distribution;distributor10.threaten;threatening11.buried;burial12.practice;practicall3.engaged;engagement14.annoyed;annoying;annoyance]15.expensive【语境活用】1.Withtheteacher'shelp,I______________thedataoftheexperiment.Theteacherconsideredmy_______________tobereasonable.(analyse)2.NatashaSmith,apersonal______________expert,saysonecertainwaytosavemoneyistodoagoodjobin______________budget.(finance)3.Thechemicalplant______________thelocalenvironmentandecosystem,andthe______________canbeserious.(threat)4.Itis______________thatheshowsgreatinterestinmusic.Whenhelistenedtoasong,henodded,______________contentwiththecontents.(apparent)5.TheRedCrossis_______________foodandclothingtotherefugees.The______________makesthemmovedtotears.(distribute)答案：1.analyzed;analysis2.finance;financial3.threatens;threat4.apparent;apparently5.distributing;distribution三、记高频词汇1.threatenvt.危及，对……构成威胁；威胁，恐吓背词条用法(1)threatensb.with...用……威胁某人threatentodosth.威胁要做某事(2)athreattosb./sth.是某人或某事的威胁背写作佳句①Asisknowntousall,theenvironmentalpollutionandillegalhuntingthreatenanimalsandplants.众所周知，环境污染和非法狩猎威胁着动植物的生存。②Onlywhenwelearntoexistinharmonywithnaturecanwestopbeingathreattowildlifeandourplanet.只有学会与大自然和睦共处，我们才不会成为野生生物和地球的威胁。2.demandvt.需要；强烈要求n.要求，所需之物；需求，需要背词条用法(1)demandsth.ofsb.向某人要求某物demandtodosth.要求做某事demandthatsb.(should)dosth.要求某人做某事(that从句中用虚拟语气)(2)indemand需求；受欢迎ondemand一经要求meetone'sdemand(s)满足某人的需求背写作佳句①(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)Allmembersaredemandedtotakeregulartrainingonadailybasis,moreexactly,from3:00p.m.to5:00p.m.everyday.所有成员都被要求每天接受定期训练，更确切地说，是每天下午3点到5点。②Thisisademandingjobandasmallmistakecanmakeagreatdifference.这是一项要求很高的工作，一个小小的错误就可能产生很大的影响。3.alternativen.可供选择的事物adj.可供替代的；非传统的背词条用法analternativeto...……的替代物(to是介词)havethealternativeofAorB要么做A,要么做B;在A或B二者中选一个havenoalternative/choice/optionbuttodosth.=can'tdosth.butdosth.=candonothingbutdosth.别无选择只能做某事背写作佳句①TheInternetprovidesuswithaconvenientalternativetomunicatingwithothers.互联网为我们提供了一个与他人交流的便利选择。②Thankyouforallowingmetodescribethesituation,whereIhadnoalternativebuttogiveuptheplan.谢谢你让我描述当时的情况，当时我别无选择，只能放弃那个计划。4.distributionn.分发，分送；分配，分布背词条用法(1)haveawidedistribution分布广泛(2)distribute...to...把……分配给……distribute...among..在……中分发或分配……背写作佳句①Asweallknow,thedistributionofanythingamongchildrenmustbefair.众所周知，在孩子们中间分配任何东西都必须公平。②Duringtheoutbreak,manyinstitutionsdistributedmedicalsuppliestothepeopleintheepidemicarea.疫情期间，很多机构向疫区人民分发医疗物资。5.decreasevt.&vi.&n.减少，降低背词条用法(1)decrease(from...)to(从……)减少到……(表示减少后的量)decreaseby减少了……(表示减少的量)decreasein在……方面减少(2)adecreasein...onthedecrease……的减少onthedecrease在减少ontheincrease在增加背写作佳句①Firstly,rubbishclassificationcandecreasetheamountofrubbishandthepollutioncausedbyit.首先，垃圾分类可以减少垃圾的数量以及由它造成的污染。②Theaccidentshavedecreasedby20%sincethemeasurewastaken.自从采取这项措施以来，事故下降了20%。6.denyvt.否认，否定；拒绝承认，拒绝接受背词条用法(1)denydoingsth.否认做某事denythat..否认……Thereisnodenyingthat...不可否认……(2)denysb.sth.=denysth.tosb.拒绝给予某人某物背写作佳句①Neithershouldweembraceonlinevotingaimlesslynorcanwedenyitpletely.我们既不应该盲目地接受网上投票，也不能完全否定它。②Thereisnodenyingthatourearthissufferingseveredamage.不可否认，我们的地球正遭受着严重的破坏。7.buryvt.埋藏；埋葬，安葬；覆盖；遮盖；使陷入背词条用法burysth.in...把……埋在……beburiedin=buryoneselfin埋头于，专心于背写作佳句①Onceheburiedhimselfinsomething,hewouldclosehisearstoanything.一旦他专心于某事，他就会对别的事充耳不闻。②Buriedin/Buryinghimselfinhisstudy,hewasn'tawarethatalltheothershadleft.他专心于学习，没有意识到其他人都早已离开了。8.engagevt.&vi.吸引住(注意力、兴趣);雇用，聘用；与……建立密切关系背词条用法(1)engagein(使)从事；参与engagesb.insth.使某人从事/参加某事engagesb.todosth.雇用某人做某事(2)beengagedinsth.忙于某事beengagedtosb.与某人订婚背写作佳句①Inmyopinion,everystudentshouldengageinsomeafterclassactivities.在我看来，每个学生都应该参加一些课外活动。②Secondly,wemustsparesometimeeverydaytoengageourselvesinexercise.其次，我们必须每天抽出一些时间来锻炼身体。四、短语再现l._______________________(建)空中楼阁，幻想，空想2._______________________实现3._______________________暗中监视，窥探4._______________________处于最前列，进入重要地位5._______________________许多，大量6._______________________归结为，基本问题是7._______________________大量8._______________________在牺牲(或损害)……的情况下9._______________________略举几例10._______________________受伤，受损，被害11._______________________强行闯入，撬开；突然开始(笑、唱等);顺利打入12._______________________大量，大批13._______________________适合；适应14._______________________提出(计划、建议)15._______________________简而言之；总之答案：1.(build)castlesintheair2etrue3.spyon4.attheforefrontof5.ahostof6.boildownto7.likeweeds8.attheexpenseof9.tonamebutafew10.fallvictimto11.breakinto12.inlargequantities13.adjustto14.putforward15.inshort短语活用1.breakinto强行闯入，撬开；突然开始(笑、唱等);顺利进入背相关短语breakup打碎；粉碎；解散，驱散；结束；分手；拆开；放假breakdown出故障；失败；垮掉；分解breakin破门而入；打断(谈话等)breakout(战争、火灾等)爆发；发生(无被动语态)breakawayfrom脱离；挣脱背写作佳句①Shethoughtoftheflowersglitteringinthesunshineandthemountainsturningrosyinthesettingsun.Andeverynightshecriedintoherpillowasthoughherheartwouldbreakintopieces.她想起了阳光里闪耀的花儿，落日下慢慢变成玫瑰色的山脉。每一个夜晚，她把头埋在枕头里哭，肝肠寸断。②OnlythendidIrealizethatitwassofoolishofmetobreakawayfromallofmyfriendsandnevercontactthem.直到那时我才意识到与所有的朋友脱离关系且从不与他们联系的我是多么地傻。2.inlargequantities大量，大批背相关短语alarge/smallquantityof大/少量的(large)quantitiesof大量的inquantity=inlargeamounts大量地背写作佳句①Thevegetableswillbealotcheaperifyoubuytheminquantity/inlargequantities.如果你大批量购买的话，蔬菜会便宜得多。②Alargequantityofmoneyhasbeencollectedtohelpthosesufferingfromthefloods.已经募集了大量的善款来帮助那些遭受洪灾的人们。知识背诵检测I.单词拼写1.Thetrafficissuenotonlyaffectsoureverydaylife,butmayalso_______________(威胁)people'slives.2.It'shightimethatweshouldtakemeasurestofightagainst_______________(罪行)ineconomicfield.3.Peopleareimpressedwithhiscatchymusicand_______________(乐观的)attitudetolife.4.Thereisnodoubtthattheincreasein_______________(需求)leadstotheriseinprices.5.Iknowyourplanisverygood,butdoyouhavea(n)_______________(可供替代的)onetoreplaceit?6.I'mdeterminedtogotoAustraliaforfurtherstudyatmyown_______________(费用).7.Energyexperts_______________(预言)thatlimitedresourcesontheeartharerunningoutbeforelong.8.It's_______________(违法的)toreadpeople'sprivateletterswithoutpermission.Ⅱ.语境辨义(写出加黑部分的汉语意思)1.Ifyouwanttogettheinformation,youmustconnectyourputerwiththedatabasefirst._______________2.Differentschoolsteachdifferenttypesofsyllabus,fromthehighlyacademictothebroadlyvocational._______________3.Theriskitposesisparablewithsmokingjustonecigaretteeveryyear._______________4.Heisafamouscontemporarypainter,andheisfondofdrawinglandscapeandisknownforit._______________5.Thegovernmentdistributedthemedicineandfoodtothevictimsintheearthquake._______________6.Therewasnorealbarrierbetweenrealityandfantasyinhismind._______________7.TheapplicationforTCMwouldhighlightthefactthattraditionalChinesemedicineisaculturethathasexistedforthousandsofyears._______________8.(熟词生义)Thepanyhasavirtualmonopoly(垄断)inthisareaoftrade._______________Ⅲ.单句语法填空1.MrZhangaccumulatedalotofexperiencein_______________(financial)whileheworkedintheAmericanbank.2.Afterthebankrobbery,the_______________(crime)wenttothecountrysidewherehechangedhisname.3.Ican'tgooutwithyoutonightbecauseIhavean_______________(urge)thingtoattendto.4.Theunfair_______________(distribute)ofwealthhasledtomanyproblems.5.Atlasta_______________(predict)ismadeaboutwhatsmartphoneswillbelikeinthefuture.6.The_______________(conclude),Ithink,hedrewfromthesimpleexperimentisnotscientific.7.Heistheonlyonethatcanthinkof_______________(practice)ideasonhowtogettheticketoftheNBAmatch.8._______________(apparent),youngchildrencan'tcontrolthemselveswhentheyplayvideogames.IV.选词填空tonamebutafew,makeabreakthrough,inlargequantities,attheforefrontof,breakinto,decreaseby,inconclusion,beyondrecognition,beengagedin1.Nowhisaimistobeachemistand____________________intheareaofchemistry.2.Ihaven'tseenSarasinceshewasalittlegirl,andshehaschanged____________________.3.Itwaswhenshewassleepinginherbedroomthatathief____________________thehouse.4.TheJinuopeoplerelyonrichnaturalresources,andthey____________________farmingandfishingmostly.5.Thetrafficaccidentsinthecity____________________30%lastyear.6.Ifyouwanttomakemoneybysellinglowpricegoods,youhavetobuythem____________________directlyfromthefactories.7.Bees,batsandrodents,______________________,canseewhathumanscan't—ultravioletlight.8.Wemustremain____________________innovationinexecutiveeducation.9._____________________,Iwishyouallhavegoodhealthandalonglife.V.关联词汇用准用活1.用活——同义试试看(用本单元词汇替换黑体词汇)①Theboymanagedtoclimboutofthecar,obviouslyunhurt.____________________②Cloninghasbeenseenasgreatprogressinthedevelopmentofscience.____________________③Despitehisillness,heremainedactivelyinvolvedintranslatingdocuments.____________________④Ihavenochoicebuttorelyonhim.____________________⑤Inshort,inordertohaveahealthybody,weshouldhaveabalanceddietandtakemoreexercise.____________________2.用准——易错对对碰(1)distributeVScontributeTheyhave①____________________lotsoffoodandclothestothatruralareaandsomevolunteershelped②_____________________themtothoseinneed.(2)breakintoVSbreakin①Closethedoorandwindowscarefullytopreventsomestrangers__