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Unit3
TheworldmeetsChinaⅠ.阅读理解ⅠⅡⅢⅣA“Iknowwhentogoout,andwhentostayin.”,EnglishrockstarDavidBowieonceconfidentlysanginhishitsingle.Whenitcomestoconsumingfood,thedecisivenessclaimedbythesinger-songwriterishardtoachieve.Idisagreewiththestatementandargueit’sbettertoeatoutthantoorderhomedelivery.Tobeginwith,whensettingfootinarestaurant,we’reimmediatelygreetednotonlybyaserverreadytoseatus,butbyafloodofphysicalfeelings—theeyestakeintheinternaldecorationoftheplace,thenosebreathesinthepleasantsmellofexpertlyplatedfoodandtheearspickuponcompetingsoundsofcustomerchatterandattractivein-storemusic.ToeatoutistoⅠⅡⅢⅣexperienceanatmosphereuniquetoeachrestaurant.Somethingasspecialasthatsimplycan’tbereproducedbyorderinghomedelivery.Eatingoutis,withoutdoubt,themoreexcitingandthusbetterchoice.Eatingoutbecomesevenmoreappealingwhenstayinghomeprovestoopainful.Whetheritisbecauseweneedatemporaryfightfromourfamilyorthatwesimplywanttospendsomequalitytimeoutsidewithlovedones,goingoutforamealcanbeabreakfromthehardlabourofdomesticliving.ⅠⅡⅢⅣWecouldtakeitasanopportunityforself-care—totreatourselvesbydressingup,arrivinginstyleatafancyrestaurantandorderingaslightlymoreluxuriousmealtorefreshourwearysoul.Orderinghomedeliverywouldonlycontributetofeelingsofbeingpennedinwhileeatingoutisanescapeforthetrappedindividual.Fooddeliveryappusersreasonit’satroubleandlessconvenienttodressupandeatout.However,it’sworthnotingwemaynotalwaysgetourfoodinthemostsatisfactoryconditionwhenoptingforhomedelivery.There’sariskofreceivingfoodorderswithmissingitemsorevenentirelywrongordersthatcan’tbesentback.Whatwesacrificeforconveniencemightjustwindupbeinginconvenient.Consequently,itmakesmoresensetoeatoutratherthanriskdisappointmentbyorderinghomedelivery.ⅠⅡⅢⅣ【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。作者将“在外面吃饭”和“点外卖送到家”两种就餐方式进行了比较,告诉读者“在外面吃饭”是更好的选择。ⅠⅡⅢⅣ1.Whatdoestheauthormainlytalkabout?A.Diningoptions.
B.Cuisineculture.C.Consumptionlevel. D.Foodcategories.答案
A
解析
推理判断题。根据第一段中的“I
disagree
with
the
statement
and
argue
it’s
better
to
eat
out
than
to
order
home
delivery.”和最后一段中的“Consequently,it
makes
more
sense
to
eat
out
rather
than
risk
disappointment
by
ordering
home
delivery.”可知,作者在文章中把“在外面吃饭”和“点外卖送到家”两种就餐方式进行了比较,认为在外就餐更有意义。由此可知,作者主要谈论了用餐选择问题。ⅠⅡⅢⅣ2.Whatadvantageofeatingoutishighlightedinparagraph2?A.Qualityservice. B.Comfortandconvenience.C.Sensoryenjoyment.D.Areasonablemixofnutrition.ⅠⅡⅢⅣ答案
C
解析
推理判断题。根据第二段中的“To
begin
with,when
setting
foot
in
a
restaurant,we’re
immediately
greeted
not
only
by
a
server
ready
to
seat
us,but
by
a
flood
of
physical
feelings—the
eyes
take
in
the
internal
decoration
of
the
place,the
nose
breathes
in
the
pleasant
smell
of
expertly
plated
food
and
the
ears
pick
up
on
competing
sounds
of
customer
chatter
and
attractive
in-store
music.”可知,第二段强调了外出就餐可以让眼睛、鼻子和耳朵等感官都获得享受。由此可知,第二段强调了外出就餐的好处是可以获得感官上的享受。ⅠⅡⅢⅣ3.Whatdoestheauthorthinkoforderinghomedelivery?A.It’squitepricy.B.Itmayletconsumersdown.C.Itmaycausefoodwaste.D.It’snotenvironmentally-friendly.ⅠⅡⅢⅣ答案
B
解析
推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“There’s
a
risk
of
receiving
food
orders
with
missing
items
or
even
entirely
wrong
orders
that
can’t
be
sent
back.What
we
sacrifice
for
convenience
might
just
wind
up
being
inconvenient.Consequently,it
makes
more
sense
to
eat
out
rather
than
risk
disappointment
by
ordering
home
delivery.”可知,作者认为点外卖面临着物品丢失或订单错误的风险,这会让我们感到失望。由此可知,作者认为点外卖送到家可能会让消费者失望。ⅠⅡⅢⅣ4.Howisthetextdeveloped?A.Byprovidingexamples.B.Byfollowingspaceorder.C.Bymakingcomparisons.D.Byanalyzingmentalprocesses.答案
C
解析
推理判断题。通读全文内容可知,作者将“在外面吃饭”和“点外卖送到家”两种就餐方式进行了比较,告诉读者“在外面吃饭”的好处。由此可知,文章是通过作比较而展开的。ⅠⅡⅢⅣBAsanycatownerwilltellyou,talkingtoyourcatistotallynormal.Andeventhoughfeline(猫)friendsmayseemdistanttotheseadoringtalks,anewstudyinAnimal
Cognitionsuggeststheyarereallylistening.ResearchersinFranceexposedhousecatstorecordingsoftheirownerorastrangersayingphrasesincat-orhuman-directedspeech.Likebabytalk,cat-directedspeechistypicallyhigherpitchedwithshort,repetitivephrases.Theteamfoundthatfelinestendedtoreacttotheirownerspeakingincat-directedspeech—butnottotheirownerspeakinginadulttonesortoastrangerusingeitheradult-orcat-directedspeech.ⅠⅡⅢⅣPreviousresearchhadshownsimilarfindingsindogs,butmuchlessisknownwhenitcomestocats.“Somepeoplestillconsidercatsindependent—youcannothavearealrelationshipwithcats,”saysleadstudyauthorCharlotteMouzon,acatbehavioristattheUniversityofParisNanterre.Somepeoplemightbeembarrassedaboutusingspecialvocalizationsforcats,shesays,butthisresearchshows“peopleshouldn’tbeashamed”.Mouzonandherteamrecorded16catownerssayingsuchas“Doyouwanttoplay?”or“Doyouwantatreat?”incat-andhuman-directedspeech.Thentheyfilmedeachcatbefore,duringandafterplayingitaseriesofrecordingsofitsownerandotherowners’speech.Theresearchersusedsoftwaretoratethecats’reactionsfrommultipledimensions,makingtheresultmoreconvincing.ⅠⅡⅢⅣ“Althoughcatshaveareputationforignoringtheirowners,agrowingbodyofresearchindicatesthatcatspaycloseattentiontohumans,”saysKristynVitale,acatbehaviorscientistatUnityCollegeinMaine,whowasnotinvolvedinthestudy.“Catscanlearnthatspecificspeechhascertainmeanings.”Butshenotesthestudyistoosmallandthatfutureworkisneededtoexpandtheresearchtoothercatpopulations.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项法国研究认为和宠物猫用特殊语调说话是有效的,会受到宠物猫的关注。以往研究只在狗身上展示出类似结果,这是首次在猫身上进行,具有里程碑意义,并需要进一步从其他角度进行扩展。ⅠⅡⅢⅣ5.Accordingtoparagraph2,whatdohousecatsrespondobviouslyto?A.Theowner’scat-directedtone.B.Astranger’shuman-directedtalks.C.Astranger’scat-directedrecordings.D.Theowner’shuman-directedspeech.答案
A
解析
细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“The
team
found
that
felines
tended
to
react
to
their
owner
speaking
in
cat-directed
speech—but
not
to
their
owner
speaking
in
adult
tones
or
to
a
stranger
using
either
adult-
or
cat-directed
speech.”可知,宠物猫明显对主人的猫式语气反应明显。故选A项。ⅠⅡⅢⅣ6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“vocalizations”meaninparagraph3?A.Strategies.B.Trainings.C.Sounds.D.Rhymes.答案
C
解析
词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“Some
people
might
be
embarrassed
about
using
special
vocalizations
for
cats,she
says,but
this
research
shows‘people
shouldn’t
be
ashamed’.”可知,有些人可能会因为对猫使用特殊的声音而感到尴尬,画线单词的意思为“声音”。故选C项。
ⅠⅡⅢⅣ7.WhatmakesMouzon’sfindingsmorereliable?A.Continuousfilmingofcats’responses.B.Comprehensiveanalysesbackedbysoftware.C.Multi-dimensionalevaluationsofcats’habits.D.Furtherreferencetopreviousstudiesondogs.答案
B
解析
细节理解题。根据文章第四段中的“Then
they
filmed
each
cat
before,during
and
after
playing
it
a
series
of
recordings
of
its
owner
and
other
owners’
speech.The
researchers
used
software
to
rate
the
cats’
reactions
from
multiple
dimensions,making
the
result
more
convincing.”可知,该研究有计算机软件支持,从多方面对猫的反应进行了综合分析使得Mouzon的研究更加可靠。故选B项。ⅠⅡⅢⅣ8.WhatisthelimitationofMouzon’sresearch?A.Lackofsampletypes.B.Absenceofowners’support.C.Absenceofscientifictools.D.Lackofexperts’involvement.答案
A
解析
推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“But
she
notes
the
study
is
too
small
and
that
future
work
is
needed
to
expand
the
research
to
other
cat
populations.”可知,虽然试验对猫有一定参考意义,但未来的研究还需要拓宽样本的数量和种类。故选A项。Ⅱ.七选五ⅠⅡⅢⅣBeinglateisatendencythatsomepeoplecannotseemtoshake.Manyfactorscontributetocontinuallateness,includingtimeperception,timemanagementandpersonality.Weallknowsomeonewhoneverseemstobeontime,whetherit’stoalunchdateoraworkmeeting.
1
“Itislikelythatthere’samechanisminthebrainthatcausessomepeopletobelateformeetingsbecausetheyunderestimatethetimeitwilltakethemtogetthere,”HugoSpiers,aprofessoratUniversityCollegeLondontoldLive
Science.
2
Researchsuggeststhatneuronsinthehippocampus(海马体)actingas“timecells”contributetoourperceptionandmemoryofevents,butwhyexactlysomepeoplecontinuallyunderestimatetimeisunclear.
ⅠⅡⅢⅣOnefactormaybehowfamiliarwearewithaspace.Forthe2017study,Spiersasked20studentswhohadnewlymovedtoLondontosketchamapoftheircollegedistrictandestimatetraveltimestodifferentdestinations.Thestudents’spaceestimatesexpandediftheyknewanareawell.
3
“Ifyou’reveryfamiliarwithaspace,youstarttodiscountthetroubleitwilltake,”Spierssaid.
Anotherenvironmentalfactormaybecrowdedness.Ina2022studyinthejournalVirtual
Reality,researchersaskedparticipantstoestimatethelengthofmoreorlesscrowdedsimulated(模拟的)subwaytrips.Theyfoundthatcrowdedcommutesfeltliketheytook10%longerthanlessbusyrides.
4
ⅠⅡⅢⅣ
5
Certaincharacterfeatures,suchasreducedconscientiousness(责任心),cancausesomepeopletoforgettasksthattheyhadplannedaheadoftime.
A.Personalityalsoplaysaroleinrunninglate.B.Thatwaslinkedtoitbeinganunpleasantexperience.C.Wemaketimeestimatesbasedonhowurgentthetasksare.D.However,theirestimatesoftraveltimecontractedwithfamiliarity.E.Butisthereagoodexplanationforwhysomepeoplearealwayslate?F.Aregionofthebrain,calledhippocampus,processessomeaspectsoftime.G.That’sbecausepeoplewhorunlatetellthemselvesandotherstheycanbepunctual.ⅠⅡⅢⅣ答案及解析
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要分析了为什么有些人似乎从不准时,无论是午餐约会还是工作会议。1.E
根据空前内容“We
all
know
someone
who
never
seems
to
be
on
time,whether
it’s
to
a
lunch
date
or
a
work
meeting.”可知,有些人从不准时。而下一段开始解释人们为什么不准时。E项“But
is
there
a
good
explanation
for
why
some
people
are
always
late?”承上启下,符合上下文内容。故选E项。2.F
根据空后内容“Research
suggests
that
neurons
in
the
hippocampus
acting
as‘time
cells’contribute
to
our
perception
and
memory
of
events,but
why
exactly
some
people
continually
underestimate
time
is
unclear.”可知,空ⅠⅡⅢⅣ后解释了海马体的作用。F项“A
region
of
the
brain,called
hippocampus,processes
some
aspects
of
time.”提出海马体这一概念,与空后内容呼应。故选F项。3.D
根据空前内容“One
factor
may
be...”可知,如果学生对一个地区很了解,那么他对空间的估计也会扩大。D项“However,their
estimates
of
travel
time
contracted
with
familiarity.”与上文内容保持一致,指的是如果学生对一个地区很了解,那么他就会对自己去某个目的地花费的时间做出不精准的估算。故选D项。ⅠⅡⅢⅣ4.B
根据空前内容“In
a
2022
study...”可知,如果通勤拥挤那么参与者对于时间的估计就会长些。B项
“That
was
linked
to
it
being
an
unpleasant
experience.”解释了为什么如果通勤拥挤,参与者对于时间的估计就会长些。故选B项。5.A
根据空后内容“Certain
character
features,such
as
reduced
conscientiousness,can
cause
some
people
to
forget
tasks
that
they
had
planned
ahead
of
time.”可知,空后讲述的是性格也会导致人们迟到。A项“Personality
also
plays
a
role
in
running
late.”与下文保持一致。故选A项。Ⅲ.语法填空ⅠⅡⅢⅣAsnightfell,thesummerheatfadedaway.OntheplaygroundofanelementaryschoolinZunyi,GuizhouProvince,nearly200childrenandteachers1.
(sit)ontheirstools(凳子)towatchthemovie1921,2.
givesanaccountofthefoundingoftheCommunistPartyofChina.
Infrontofthemwasalargewhiteprojector(放映机)screen3._______
(tie)totwobamboopoles.Formostofthechildren,itwasthefirsttimeintheirlivesthatthey4.
(watch)amovieonsucha“giant”screen,asthereisnocinemainthevillage.
sat
which
tied
hadwatchedⅠⅡⅢⅣXuLongsheng,a21-year-oldfromBeijingNormalUniversity,andfourof5.
(he)fellowstudentsworkedasprojectionists.Althoughthestoryissetagainstacomplexbackgroundcontainingmanyhistoricalfigures,mostofthechildrenwerestill6.
(attract)toit,askingthecollegestudentsalotofquestions.
Theeventispartofaproject,“TakingMoviestotheCountryside”,whichwas7.
(recent)
his
attracted
recently
ⅠⅡⅢⅣlaunchedbyBeijingNormalUniversityandtheChinaFilmArchive.Theuniversityisscheduled8.
(send)12teamsofstudentsandteacherstoaround50ruralareas,withZunyibeingthefirststopandGanzhouinJiangxiProvinceasthenextdestination.Theprojectaimstoimproveaesthetic(美学的)education9.
ruralareas,aswellasprovidingthestudentsmajoringineducationwith10.
opportunitytogetatasteoftheirfuturecareer.
tosendin
an
ⅠⅡⅢⅣ答案及解析
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了由北京师范大学和中国电影资料馆联合发起并主办的“电影下乡”项目,该项目旨在改善农村地区的审美教育,并为教育专业的学生提供一个体验未来职业的机会。1.sat
考查动词的时态。结合上下文可知,此处是描述过去发生的事情,应用一般过去时,故填sat。2.which
考查定语从句。分析句子可知,设空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词是the
movie
1921,关系词在从句中作主语,故填which。3.tied
考查非谓语动词。动词tie和screen之间是动宾关系,应用过去分词作后置定语,故填tied。ⅠⅡⅢⅣ4.had
watched
考查动词的时态。“it
was
the
first
time...that...”句型中that从句谓语动词使用过去完成时,故填had
watched。5.his
考查代词。设空处修饰名词短语fellow
students,应填形容词性物主代词,故填his。6.attracted
考查非谓语动词。句子用一般过去时的被动语态,设空处应填过去分词,故填attracted。7.recently
考查词性转换。设空处作状语修饰谓语was
launched,应用副词形式,故填recently。8.to
send
考查非谓语动词。be
scheduled
to
do
sth计划做某事,故填to
send。9.in
考查介词。此处指“在农村地区”,应用介词in。10.an
考查冠词。opportunity是可数名词,此处表示泛指,应用不定冠词,且opportunity以元音音素开头,故填an。Ⅳ.应用文写作ⅠⅡⅢⅣ假定你是李华,你的英国朋友Peter来信请你推荐一座中国的旅游城市。请你给他写封回信,内容包括:1.推荐的城市;2.你的理由。注意:1.词数80左右;2.请
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