2024年高考第三次模拟考试英语（新高考九省专用01）

2024年高考英语第三次模拟考试高三英语（考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分）注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1．WhattimedoesthetrainleaveforDarlington?A．At2:00p.m. B．At6:00p.m. C．At7:00p.m.【答案】A【原文】W:I’vemadeamistake.The2:00p.m.traindoesn’tgotoLondonatall—itstopsatDarlingtonstation!AndIhavealreadyboughtaticket.M:Don’tworry.Youcangetthe6:00p.m.or7:00p.m.trainfromDarlingtontoLondon.You’llbefine.2．Whichsportdidthespeakersstartplayingrecently?A．Golf. B．Tennis. C．Sailing.【答案】A【原文】M:Eversincethe18holecourseopenedintown,we’vehardlyplayedtennisorgonesailing.W:It’sjustbeensofuntolearngolftogether.M:Yes.Still,Imissourtennisclubfriends!3．Whatistheconversationmainlyabout?A．Selectingrooms. B．Choosingcolors. C．Understandingpersonalities.【答案】B【原文】W:Selectingtherightpaintisreallyimportantwhendecoratingaroom.Italldependsonthelightintheroom,theoverallstyleofthehouse,andofcourse,understandingthehouseowner’spersonality.M:Ifyousayso.Ijustlookatthepaintandpickmyfavoritecolor.4．Whatisthemandoinglately?A．Givingtalksonreading B．Readingsomebooks. C．Receivingsometreatment.【答案】B【原文】M:I’vereadsomethoughtprovoking(引人深思的)booksrecently,oneofwhichisToKillaMockingbird.It’sapowerfulnovel.W:Yes.Ilikeittoo.Itshowsthatpeoplearen’talwaystreatedfairly.5．Wherearethespeakers?A．Atapetclinic. B．AtBob’shome C．AtMr.Johnson’soffice.【答案】B【原文】W:Bob,yourdoglookstired.M:Yes.Itlooksunwell.Ithasn’teatenanythingsinceyesterday.IdecidetoinviteMrJohnsontoeoverandhavealookatit.W:IfIwereyou,I’dtakeittothepetclinicimmediately.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。【听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。】6．Whatisthewomanlookingforwardto?A．Running. B．Healthyfood. C．Strengthtraining.7．Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A．Health. B．Wealth. C．Diet.【答案】6．C7．A【原文】M:Youruneveryday,don’tyou?W:Yes,IruninthedayandIcan’twaittostartliftingweightstonight.IknowIneedtokeepmybodyingoodshapeandIenjoytryingnewthings.M:Yes,it’ssoimportanttoexerciseandtakecareofyourbodyineverysense.Eatingtherightfoodisabigpartofthat.W:Peoplesay,“Healthiswealth.”AndIbelieveit.Protectingagainstillnessandpoorhealthisthebestthingwecandoforourselves.M:Iagree.Anditmakesyoufeelsogoodeverydayaswell,soit’sawinwinsituation.【听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。】8．WhydoesthewomancallJames?A．Topayherbill. B．Todiscusstheservice. C．Toconfirmhermonthlycharge.9．Howmuchshouldapersonpayforthelatepaymentfortwomonths?A．$40. B．$20. C．$10.【答案】8．C9．B【原文】M:Hi,thisisJamesincustomerservice.WhatcanIdoforyou?W:Hi,James.Iwanttotalkaboutmybill.ThebillIreceivedyesterdayformyhomecableTVserviceiswrong.M:What’syouraccountnumber?W:200508.M:Okay.Theregularmonthlychargeshouldbe$65.W:Right.ButyesterdayIgotabillfor$85.M:Itisbecauseofyourlatepaymentforthelasttwomonths.W:Oh,Isee.Thanks.【听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。】10．Whatisthewoman?A．Adoctor. B．Ajournalist. C．Aswimmingcoach.11．HowdidJackhelptheboy?A．Hecalled911. B．Hedrovehimhome. C．Hepulledhimtothesurface.12．Whereistheboynow?A．Attheschool. B．Attheswimmingpool. C．Inthehospital.【答案】10．B11．A12．C【原文】W:Goodmorning,Massiah,IworkforTheTeenMagazine.Iheardyoudidsomethinggreatyesterday.Iwanttowriteaboutit.CanIaskyouafewquestions?M:Sure.Goahead.W:Sowhatexactlydidyoudo?M:Ihelpedsaveathreeyearoldboy’slifewhenIwasswimmingintheswimmingpoolwithmycousin.W:Howdidyouknowtheboywasindanger?M:Isawtheboyatthebottomofthepool.Hehadanunusualfacialexpression:hismouthandeyeswereopen.Andhewasn'tmoving.Itwasn’tnormal.SoIdovedown,grabbedhisarm,andpulledhimtothesurface.W:Wereyouhelpedintheprocess?M:Yes.MycousinJackhelpedcall911.SomekindpeopleperformedCPRontheboyuntilprofessionalmedicalhelpersarrived.Later,hisparentsarrived,too.W:Wastheboytakentohospital?M:Yes.Luckilyhe’sdoingwellnow,thoughheisn’tallowedtogobackhomeyet.【听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。】13．Howdoesthewomanknowthatthecenterhassomegoodthings?A．ShesawitsadonTV.B．Shehearditsadontheradio.C．Shereaditsadinthenewspaper.14．Whodoesthewomanbuyitfor?A．Herfriend. B．Herhusband. C．Herfather.15．Whatsizewillthewomanwant?A．Size38. B．Size40. C．Size42.16．Howmuchisthetie?A．$29. B．$39. C．$49.【答案】13．A14．B15．C16．A【原文】M:Hello,NewCentury’sShoppingCenter.CanIhelpyou?W:Hello,thisisMrs.Andersonspeaking.IsawyouradvertisementonTVthatyouhavegotsomegoodthingsonmen’ssuitsthisweek.M:Yes,Madam.W:WhatIwouldliketobuyisadark,businesstypesuit.Somethinginwool,Ithink.M:Wehavesomeexcellentpurewoolsuits.Woolhasthebestofeverything,fort,quality,value.Whatsizedoyouwant?W:Usuallymyhusbandisa40,buthehasgainedalittleweightlately.M:Oh,you’dbetterhavea42.Whatcolor?W:I’dlikesomethingdarkgray,ornavyblue,orevenblack.AndI’dpreferasolidcolor.M:You’llbesatisfied,lady.Bytheway,wehaveafineselectionoftiestogowiththesuits.Maybeyouwouldliketoetohavealook.W:Oh,andhowmuchisit?M:It’stwentyninedollars.Verycheap.W:OK.Iwilleoverandhavealookatit.Thankyou.Goodbye.M:Goodbye.【听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。】17．Whenisthetalkprobablygiven?A．InearlyJuly. B．InthemiddleofAugust. C．InearlySeptember.18．Whydidthespeakergivethetalk?A．ToreporthistravelplantotheUK.B．TosharehisgoodmemoriesaboutJamaica.C．ToremendatraveldestinationintheEnglishclass.19．WhatinterestedthespeakeratfirstinJamaica?A．Theweather. B．Thetropicalfruits. C．Themusic.20．Howhasthespeakertriedtochangehislife?A．Bylivinginadifferentcity.B．Byadjustinghisattitude. C．Bylookingoutforhimself.【答案】17．B18．B19．A20．B【原文】M:Asthissummerends,Icanrememberallmygreatmemories.We’llstartschoolagainintwoweeks,aswealwaysdoduringthefirstfewdaysofSeptember.So,now,I’llreflectononeofthissummer’sgreatmemoriesthatI’llshareinmyEnglishcourse.AssoonasthepreviousschoolyearendedinJuly,myfamilyandIleftonajourneytoJamaica.WereadarticlesandwatchedtravelfilmsbeforeleavingourhomeintheUK.Still,themomentwetoucheddowninthebusycapitalcityofKingston,weknewwewereinforsomecultureshock.ThedifferencesbetweentheUKandJamaicawerestriking.Myinitialrealizationwasthatitwastheoppositeclimate.WhiletheUKisknownforitsgrayskies,Jamaicaweleduswithitswarm,tropicalsun.Next,theJamaicanlandscapewasequallyinviting.Therewererollinggreenhills,palmtrees,andendlessbeaches.Ourdrivertookusforourfirstmealinthecity.WelovedfreshJamaicandisheslikejerkchickenandfreshtropicalfruits.Localpeoplewerechatting,laughing,andlisteningtothelocalreggaemusicaroundtherestaurant.Ithenrealizedthatparadise(天堂)isbothadestinationandanattitude.Sincethen,I’vealwaystriedtokeepapieceofthisrelaxedlifestyleandoutlookonlife.第二部分阅读（共两节,满分50分）第一节(共15小题:每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ASomepeoplethinkthatallwildanimalsaredangerous.Actually,veryfewofthemwillattackamanifheleavesthemalone.Ifyoumetalionoranelephant,Isupposeyouwouldrunaway;butevenalionwillkeepawayfromamanunlessitisveryhungry.Lionsandtigersonlykillandeatmenwhentheyhavegrowntoooldandtooweaktocatchtheirusualfood,suchasdeerandothersmallanimals.Ifyousawawildelephant,perhapsyouwouldbefrightened.Elephantsusuallyrunawayatonceunlessyouattackthem.Someanimalsgetveryfrightenediftheyonlysmellaman;sometakenonoticeatallbutquietlywalkinanotherdirection.Wildanimalsonlyattackhunterswhentheyareafraidthatthehuntersmeantoharmtheiryoungones,orthenthehuntersshootatthemandmakethemangry.21．Lionsandtigerswillnotkilloreatmen____________A．unlessmentrytorunaway B．iftheyaretoooldandtooweakC．iftheyareabletogetenoughfood D．howevermenacttowardsthem22．Somewildanimalswillbeeverydangerous______________A．whentheygrowold B．iftheyareleftaloneC．whiletheyarelookingforfood D．whentheiryoungonesareindanger23．Thispassageismainlyabout______________A．howtoprotectwildanimals B．howanimalslookfortheirfoodC．howtomakefriendswithwildanimals D．howanimalsacttowardsmen【答案】21．C22．D23．D【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍野生动物并不会轻易的攻击人类，除非它们太饿了，或是它们的孩子受到威胁。21．细节理解题。根据第二句“Ifyoumetalionoranelephant,Isupposeyouwouldrunaway;butevenalionwillkeepawayfromamanunlessitisveryhungry.(如果你遇到一头狮子或一头大象，我想你会跑开；但即使是狮子也会远离人，除非它非常饿)”可知，如果狮子和老虎有足够的食物是不会吃人的，故选C。22．细节理解题。根据最后一句“Wildanimalsonlyattackhunterswhentheyareafraidthatthehuntersmeantoharmtheiryoungones,orthenthehuntersshootatthemandmakethemangry.(野生动物只有在它们害怕猎人有意伤害它们的幼崽，或者猎人向它们开枪激怒它们时，才会攻击猎人)”可知，一些野生动物在它们的幼崽处于危险中时会变得非常危险，故选D。23．主旨大意题。根据第一句和第二句“Somepeoplethinkthatallwildanimalsaredangerous.Actually,veryfewofthemwillattackamanifheleavesthemalone.(有些人认为所有的野生动物都是危险的。事实上，如果人不打扰它们，它们很少会攻击人)”结合文章介绍野生动物并不会轻易的攻击人类，除非它们太饿了，或是它们的孩子受到威胁。可知，文章介绍动物对人作何反应，故选D。BOnafoggyday,Iwaslisteningtotheradioonmydrivewhensuddenlysomethingcaughtmyeyeoutthedriver’ssidewindow.Iturnedtolookbutitwasn’tclearbecauseofthethickfog.ThenIdidn’tknowhowlongIwasknockedout.Itdidn’ttakemelongtorealizeIcouldn’tmoveeitherarmandmyfacewasbleedingheavily.Overthenextfewdaysinthehospital,Ibegantogetaclearerpictureofwhathadhappened.Alocalhighschoolstudent,rushingtoclass,hadcrossedthecenterlineandhitmeheadon.Iheardthroughfriendsofminewhoknewhisfamilythathewasvery,veryupsetbywhathadhappened.Ifeltbadthathehadsuchaburdentobearatsuchayoungage.Fourteenmonthsaftertheaccident.IwasgroceryshoppingwhenawomanIdidn’tknowapproachedmeandaskedifIwasSuzanne.Sheintroducedherself,andIrealizeditwastheyoungman’smother.Iappreciatedlearninghowhewasdoing.Heavoidedsevereinjurybutneededadvicetohelpwiththeemotionaltrauma(创伤)ofcausingtheaccident.Icouldcertainlyunderstandthedifficultyofgettingbackbehindthewheelofacar.Secretly,IwishedIcouldtalktohimmyself.Sevenmonthslater,itwastimeformydaughter’sChristmasbandconcertatthehighschool.ThefirstadultIrecognizeduponenteringtheauditoriumwasthemotherwhoapproachedmeinthegrocerystore.Iwonderedwhyshewasthere.Oneyoungmaninawhitehoodieandballcapranup.Suddenly,Irealizedthatitwashim,thedriver,asheresembledthatmother.Iedgedmywaythroughthecrowd.“Hi,I’mSuzanne,”Igreeted.“IjustwantedtosaythatI’mokay,andIwasnevermadatyou.Iknowthiswashardonyou.”HeapparentlyknewwhoIwas.“Youdo?”cameaslightlymuffled(模糊不清的)answer.“I’mreallyokay,”Iadded,pattinghimontheshoulderandfeelinglikeIwastheonlypersonwhocouldlethimforgivehimself.Iwastheonlypersonwhocouldgivehimthatgiftifhecouldseemeandhearfrommethatallwaswell.24．Whatmightcausetheauthor’saccident?A．Hertemporaryblindness. B．Herphysicalburden.C．Theboy’sdistraction. D．Theboy’sviolatingthetrafficrule.25．Theauthorwantedtolearnabouttheboy’sconditionbecauseshe________.A．wantedtoeasetheboy’smind B．wantedtheboytomakeupforthelossC．wantedtheboytomakeanapology D．wantedtheboytobearaheavyburden26．Whatdoweknowabouttheboy?A．Hewasterriblyinjuredphysically. B．Hedidn’tfeelguiltyatall.C．Heneededpsychologicaladvice. D．Herejectedtheauthor’skindness.27．Whichwordscanbestdescribetheauthor?A．Generousandrelieved. B．Forgivingandstraightforward.C．Sympatheticandcaring. D．Lightheartedandsupportive.【答案】24．D25．A26．C27．C【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述一名高中生违反交通规则撞上了作者，男孩虽然没有受重伤，但是受到了情感创伤，作者为此感到难过，亲自告诉男孩自己很好，以此宽慰男孩。24．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Alocalhighschoolstudent,rushingtoclass,hadcrossedthecenterlineandhitmeheadon.(一个当地的高中生赶着去上课，越过了中线，迎面撞上了我。)”可知，男孩违反交通规则是导致交通事故的一个原因，故选D。25．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Ifeltbadthathehadsuchaburdentobearatsuchayoungage.(我为他这么小的年纪就要承担这么大的负担感到难过。)”可知，作者对男孩要遭受如此重的心理负担感到非常难过，因此作者非常迫切地想要知道男孩的现状是想宽慰他，故选A。26．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Heavoidedsevereinjurybutneededadvicetohelpwiththeemotionaltrauma(创伤)ofcausingtheaccident.(他避免了严重的伤害，但需要建议来帮助解决造成事故的情感创伤。)”可知，这名男孩需要心理咨询，故选C。27．推理判断题。根据第二段中“Ifeltbadthathehadsuchaburdentobearatsuchayoungage.(我为他这么小的年纪就要承担这么大的负担感到难过。)”、第三段中“Secretly,IwishedIcouldtalktohimmyself.(我暗自希望能亲自跟他谈谈。)”以及最后一段中“‘I’mreallyokay,’Iadded,pattinghimontheshoulderandfeelinglikeIwastheonlypersonwhocouldlethimforgivehimself.(‘我真的很好，’我补充道，拍拍他的肩膀，觉得我是唯一一个能让他原谅自己的人。)”可知，作者是一个非常具有同情心且非常关爱男孩心理状态的人，故选C。CInOctober,MediterraneanfruitflieswerediscoveredinanareaofLosAngeles.Californiaisabigfarmingstate,andthiswasseriousnewsforfarmers.TheMediterraneanfruitfly,oftenknownasthe“Medfly”,isoneofthemostseriousthreatsfacedbyfarmersworldwide.OncetheMedflymakesitswayintoanarea,itcanbeveryhardtogetridof.Thefieslaytheireggsinover300kindsoffruitsandvegetables.Whentheeggshatch,theyturnintowormlikelarvae(幼虫)thatcanruintheseproducts.Theproblemisthatitcanbehardtoknowthatthefliesarethereuntilit’stoolate.That’sbecausethefruitsandvegetablesstilllooknormalevenaftertheeggsarelaidinside.Sothedamagedfruitsandvegetablescanbesenttootherplaces,allowingtheMedfliestospread.MediterraneanfruitfieswerefirstfoundinCaliforniain1975,buttheyreallybecameaprobleminthe1980s.Luckily,CaliformiahasdevelopedaprogramtocontroltheMedflies.TheprograminvolvesusingplanestodropmillionsofMedfliesoverthearea.Thatmaysoundlikeabadidea,butit’sactuallyatrickywaytomakesurethatMedflynumbersgodown.Thetrick?Theairplanesonlydropmaleflies,andallofthemhavebeentreatedsothattheyaresterile.Thismeansthateventhoughtheycanmatewithfemalefruitflies,theeggsproducedwillnevergroworhatch.Intheearlygrowingstages,thesesterilefliesaregrowninlabsinHawaiiandGuatemala.Theinsectsarecoloredwithaspecialsubstancetomakesuretheywon’tbeconfusedwithwildMedflies.TheseimmatureinsectsarethensenttoCaliformiainhugenumbersaround200millionaweek.They’reraiseduntilthey’readults,andthenthey’retreatedtobesterile.Finall,thefliesarereleasedfromairplanes,singaspecialmethoddesignedtospreadthemoutoverawidearea.Thegovernmentsaysthatthenumberofinfestations(timeswhenfliesarefound)hasbeencutbyover90%.28．WhattroublesfarmersabouttheMedflies?A．Thewidespreadofthem. B．Theinstantdamagecausedbythem.C．Thedifficultyindetectingthemearly. D．Thestrongteamspiritofthem.29．Theunderlinedword“sterile”inparagraph4mostprobablymeans“”.A．hardtogetalongwith B．difficulttoseeinthewildC．unlikelytobeefullygrown D．unabletoproduceyoung30．Whyarethemalefliescolored?A．Tomakethemdistinguishable. B．Tomakethemmoreattractive.C．Toshortentheirtreatmentprocess. D．Tospeeduptheirgrowth.31．WhichcanbestdescribetheprogramconductedinCalifornia?A．Practicalandsuccessful. B．plexandinapplicable.C．Ecofriendlybutfruitless. D．Timesavingbutdangerous.【答案】28．C29．D30．A31．A【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要解释了地中海果蝇——Medfly对农业生产的威胁，以及加州政府为了控制这种害虫而采取的措施。28．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Whentheeggshatch,theyturnintowormlikelarvae(幼虫)thatcanruintheseproducts.Theproblemisthatitcanbehardtoknowthatthefliesarethereuntilit’stoolate..(当卵孵化时，它们会变成蠕虫状的幼虫，会破坏这些产品。问题是，很难知道果蝇在那里，直到为时已晚。这是因为即使在里面产卵后，水果和蔬菜看起来仍然正常。)”可知，困扰农民的是果蝇很难被及时发现，发现时已经为时已晚。故选C。29．词句猜测题。根据划线单词下一句“Thismeansthateventhoughtheycanmatewithfemalefruitflies,theeggsproducedwillnevergroworhatch.(这意味着即使它们可以与雌性果蝇交配，产生的卵也永远不会生长或孵化。)”可推测，划线单词的意思和“无法生育”相似。选项A“hardtogetalongwith(很难相处)”；选项B“difficulttoseeinthewild(在野外很难看见)”；选项C“unlikelytobeefullygrown(不可能完全长大)”；选项D“unabletoproduceyoung(不能生育后代)”。故选D。30．细节理解题。根据文章第五段“Intheearlygrowingstages,thesesterilefliesaregrowninlabsinHawaiiandGuatemala.Theinsectsarecoloredwithaspecialsubstancetomakesuretheywon’tbeconfusedwithwildMedflies.(在早期生长阶段，这些不育苍蝇是在夏威夷和危地马拉的实验室里培育的。这种昆虫用一种特殊的物质着色，以确保它们不会与野生Medfly混淆。)”可知，这些不育的雄蝇之所以会有颜色是为了确保它们不会与野生Medfly混淆。故选A。31．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“TheseimmatureinsectsarethensenttoCaliforniainhugenumbersaround200millionaweek.They’reraiseduntilthey’readults,andthenthey’retreatedtobesterile.Finally,thefliesarereleasedfromairplanes,singaspecialmethoddesignedtospreadthemoutoverawidearea.Thegovernmentsaysthatthenumberofinfestations(timeswhenfliesarefound)hasbeencutbyover90%.(然后，这些未成熟的昆虫被大量送往加州——每周大约有2亿只。它们被饲养到成年，然后进行无菌处理。最后，把苍蝇从飞机上释放出来，用一种特殊的方法把它们分散到一个广阔的区域。政府表示，虫害(苍蝇出没的次数)减少了90%以上。)”可知，虫害(苍蝇出没的次数)减少了90%以上，由此可知，该项目很成功。故选A。DWhenwildfiresmokefromhugefiresinCanadablanketedtheUSinthesummerof2023,emergencyroomssawanincreaseinadmissionsforlungproblems,heartattacksandotherhealthissues.Burningfossilfuelshasdrivenclimatechange,andnowclimatechangeiscostingpeopletheirhealthandincreasinglytheirlives,saysanewreportfromthemedicaljournalTheLancet.TheeighthannualLancetCountdown,aninternationalanalysisthattracksnearly50differenthealthfocusedissuesaffectedbyclimatechange,callsforanimmediatewinddownoffossilfueluse.Thosewiththeleasthistoricalresponsibilityforcausingclimatechangearefeelingtheworsteffects.Pakistan—acountryresponsibleforroughly0.3%ofallclimatechangecausingcarbonemissions,sufferedhugefloodsin2022thatdisplacedmorethan30millionpeopleandkilledatleast1,700.However,wealthiercountriescannotbespared.IntheUS,wildfiresmokethissummersentpeopletotheemergencyroomfromNewYorktoGeorgia.InEurope,a2022summerheatwaveresultedinover60,000deaths.AboutonefifthofallUSresidentsworkoutdoors;thepercentagesareevenhigherinmanyothercountries.Whenitgetstoohot,itgetsharderandhardertowork.Lastyear,thereportsays,outdoorworkerslostmorethan140hourseach—orseveralweeksofpay—becauseoftheintenseheat.Thehumanandeconomiccostsareforecasttogrowwitheverytenthofadegreehottertheplanetgets.Heatrelateddeaths,forexample,couldincreasebynearlyfivetimesbythemiddleofthecentury,ifwithoutimmediatereductionstocarbonemissions.“Ihaveayoungpatientwhopresentswithuncontrollableasthma.Shelivesrightnexttoahighwayandisbreathinginharmfulairfromcarsburninggas,”ReneeSalas,adoctoratHarvard’sChanSchoolofPublicHealthsays.“Sothetreatmentsheneedsiselectricvehicles,homeweatherizationandairpurification.TheseareprescriptionsIcan’twrite.”32．Whatcanbelearnedfromparagraph3?A．Thewildfirehasburnedlargeareasofforest. B．Pakistanislargelyresponsibleforclimatechange.C．Climatechangehascausedalotofhumandeaths. D．Peopleinwealthiercountrieshavegoodhealthcare.33．Whichstatementwilltheauthorprobablyagreewith?A．Americanresidentsworkedveryhardlastyear.B．Thereisnothingpeoplecandoaboutclimatechange.C．Theeconomyhasalsobeenaffectedbyclimatechange.D．Heatrelateddeathswilldoublebythemiddleofthecentury.34．WhatdocsReneeSalasimplyinthelastparagraph?A．Sheadvocatesgreenlifestyle. B．Shepreferstodriveanelectriccartowork.C．Youngpeoplearemorelikelytogetasthma. D．Hospitalsareshortofmedicinestotreatasthma.35．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．TheadvantageoflivingintheUS. B．Thecauseofclimatechange.C．Thestressofworkingoutdoors. D．Theharmofclimatechange.【答案】32．C33．C34．A35．D【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了化石燃料的使用使得气候恶化，进而危害人类的健康和生命以及阻碍经济的发展。32．细节理解题。根据第三段“Pakistan—acountryresponsibleforroughly0.3%ofallclimatechangecausingcarbonemissions,sufferedhugefloodsin2022thatdisplacedmorethan30millionpeopleandkilledatleast1,700.However,wealthiercountriescannotbespared.IntheUS,wildfiresmokethissummersentpeopletotheemergencyroomfromNewYorktoGeorgia.InEurope,a2022summerheatwaveresultedinover60,000deaths.(巴基斯坦的碳排放量约占所有气候变化导致的碳排放量的0.3%，该国在2022年遭受了巨大的洪水，造成3000多万人流离失所，至少1700人死亡。然而，富裕国家也不能幸免。在美国，今年夏天，从纽约到乔治亚州，人们都被野火烟雾送往急诊室。在欧洲，2022年夏季的热浪导致6万多人死亡)”可知，气候变化导致了很多人死亡。故选C。33．细节理解题。根据第四段“Whenitgetstoohot,itgetsharderandhardertowork.Lastyear,thereportsays,outdoorworkerslostmorethan140hourseach—orseveralweeksofpay—becauseoftheintenseheat.(当天气太热时，工作就会越来越难。报告说，去年，由于酷暑，户外工作者每人损失了140多个小时，也就是几周的工资)”及第五段“Thehumanandeconomiccostsareforecasttogrowwitheverytenthofadegreehottertheplanetgets.Heatrelateddeaths,forexample,couldincreasebynearlyfivetimesbythemiddleofthecentury,ifwithoutimmediatereductionstocarbonemissions.(据预测，地球温度每升高0.1度，人类和经济成本就会增加。例如，如果不立即减少碳排放，到本世纪中叶，与热有关的死亡人数可能会增加近五倍)”可知，经济也受到了气候变化的影响。故选C。34．推理判断题。根据最后一段““Ihaveayoungpatientwhopresentswithuncontrollableasthma.Shelivesrightnexttoahighwayandisbreathinginharmfulairfromcarsburninggas,”ReneeSalas,adoctoratHarvard’sChanSchoolofPublicHealthsays.“Sothetreatmentsheneedsiselectricvehicles,homeweatherizationandairpurification.TheseareprescriptionsIcan’twrite.”(“我有一个年轻的病人，他表现出无法控制的哮喘。她就住在高速公路旁边，呼吸着汽车燃烧汽油产生的有害空气，”哈佛大学陈公共卫生学院的医生ReneeSalas说。“所以她需要的治疗是电动汽车、家庭气象和空气净化。这些处方我写不出来。”)”可推断，ReneeSalas倡导绿色生活。故选A。35．主旨大意题。通读全文,尤其是第二段“Burningfossilfuelshasdrivenclimatechange,andnowclimatechangeiscostingpeopletheirhealthandincreasinglytheirlives,saysanewreportfromthemedicaljournalTheLancet.(医学杂志《柳叶刀》的一份新报告称，燃烧化石燃料导致了气候变化，现在气候变化正在损害人们的健康，并越来越多地危及人们的生命)”结合文章主要说明了化石燃料的使用使得气候恶化，进而危害人类的健康和生命以及阻碍经济的发展。由此可知，本文主要讲的是气候变化的危害。故选D。第二节(共5小题:每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Someoftheoldestlivingthingsonourremarkableplanetaretrees.Therecordholdersarebristleconepines(狐尾松)ofthewesternUnitedStates,quiteafewofwhichareknowntobemorethan3,000yearsold.Oneindividual,discoveredin2012,isestimatedtobemorethan5,060yearsold,makingittheoldestknownnonclonaltreeintheworld!36:individualsacrossanumberofothertreespecieshavealsobeenaroundforthousandsofyears.So,howdotreessurviveforthousandsofyears?37.Undoubtedly,partoftheanswerliesinluck.Ancienttreeshaveobviouslynotsubmittedtodeadlydiseases,pests,fires,droughts,windstorms,landslides,orthehumanaxeinthecenturiesandcenturiesthattheyhavequietlyendured.Theotherpartoftheanswerhastodowithhowtreesage.Infact,thereisquiteadebateaboutwhetherancienttreescanbeconsidered“immortal(永生的)”.Thatis,willsuchtreeseverdieiftheyarenotkilledbyanoutsideforce?Wemayneverknowtheanswertothat,but,attheveryleast,38.Whilecelldeathisanimportantfactorintheagingofhumansandotheranimals,onestudyfoundlittleevidenceofcelldeathintheginkgotreevascularcambium(银杏树维管形成层).Inaddition,astudyofbristleconepinepollen(花粉)foundnosignificantincreaseinmutation(变异)rateswithage,whichisanotherfactorassociatedwithanimalaging.39.Oldertreesbenefitgreatlyfromhavingbodiesmademostlyofdeadwoodytissue.Infact,anoldtreemightbeasmuchas95percentdeadtissue!Giventhatitisn’talive,wooddoesnotrequiremetabolic(新陈代谢的)activitytomaintainit,40.A．soanoldtreedoesn’treallyneedtodomuchtokeeplivingB．ThisisaquestionthathassomethingtodowiththegoodluckoftreesC．However,bristleconesarecertainlynotaloneintermsoftheoldestcreaturesD．ThisisafascinatingquestionforbiologiststhatdoesnotyethaveasettledanswerE．What’smore,someancienttreeshavesuperiorchemicaldefensesagainstpestsanddiseasesF．whichmeansthattreescansurviveeverywherewithoutbeinglimitedbyexternalandinternalconditionsG．weknowthatancienttreesageinwaysthataredramaticallydifferentfromthewaysthatmostanimalsandevenotherplantsage【答案】36．C37．B38．G39．D40．A【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了古树寿命长的原因。36．由上文“Therecordholdersarebristleconepines(狐尾松)ofthewesternUnitedStates,quiteafewofwhichareknowntobemorethan3,000yearsold.Oneindividual,discoveredin2012,isestimatedtobemorethan5,060yearsold,makingittheoldestknownnonclonaltreeintheworld!(在我们这个非凡的星球上，一些最古老的生物是树木。纪录保持者是美国西部的狐尾松，其中相当一部分的树龄已经超过3000年。2012年发现的一棵树估计有5060多岁，是世界上已知最古老的非克隆树！)”和后文“butalsoaboutbeingagoodlistener(许多其他树种的个体也已经存在了数千年)”可知，本句要表不是只有狐尾松古老，故C选项“However,bristleconesarecertainlynotaloneintermsoftheoldestcreatures(然而，就最古老的生物而言，狐尾松肯定不是唯一的)”能承上启下，符合题意。故选C。37．由下文“Undoubtedly,partoftheanswerliesinluck.Ancienttreeshaveobviouslynotsubmittedtodeadlydiseases,pests,fires,droughts,windstorms,landslides,orthehumanaxeinthecenturiesandcenturiesthattheyhavequietlyendured.(毫无疑问，部分原因在于运气。古树显然没有屈服于致命的疾病，害虫，火灾，干旱，风暴，山体滑坡，或人类的斧头在他们默默地忍受了一个又一个世纪。)”可知，本空要说跟“运气”有关的话题，故B选项“Thisisaquestionthathassomethingtodowiththegoodluckoftrees(这个问题与树木的好运有关)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选B。38．由上文“Theotherpartoftheanswerhastodowithhowtreesage.(答案的另一部分与树木如何老化有关。)”可知，本空要说跟“如何老化”有关的话题，和上文“Wemayneverknowtheanswertothat,but,attheveryleast(我们可能永远不会知道答案，但至少)”可知，前文说不知道的事情，本空说至少知道的一件事，且与“如何老化”有关，故G选项“weknowthatancienttreesageinwaysthataredramaticallydifferentfromthewaysthatmostanimalsandevenotherplantsage(我们知道，古树的衰老方式与大多数动物甚至其他植物的衰老方式截然不同)”能承上启下，符合题意。故选G。39．由上文“Inaddition,astudyofbristleconepinepollen(花粉)foundnosignificantincreaseinmutation(变异)rates