汉中市2024届高三二模高三年级教学质量第二次检测考试 英语试卷

汉中市2024届高三年级教学质量第二次检测考试英语 (命题学校：城固县第一中学) 2024.04注意事项：1.答第Ⅰ卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考号填写在答题卡上。2.选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。不能答在试卷上，否则无效。本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分第Ⅰ卷(选择题共100分)第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatwillthemanprobablydo?A.VisitBill.B.Playtennis.C.Goswimming.2.WhattimeisAlexsupposedtoarrive?A.At8:00.B.At7:30.C.At8:15.3.Wherewillthespeakersprobablyspendtheirvacation?A.InChina.B.InItaly.C.InKorea.4.WhichcolorMP4playerdoesthemanwant?A.Green.B.Brown.C.Blue.5.Whatisthemandoing?A.Makinganapology.B.Makinganinvitation.C.Offeringhelp.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Wherearethespeakers?A.Atthecounter.B.Ontheplane.C.Attheairport.7.WhenwilltheplanegettoParispossibly?A.10:00.B.11:40.C.10:40.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whatisthewomangoingtodo?A.Painttheroomherself.B.MovetotheMissionInnHotel.C.Askhersontostayinanotherhotel.9.What'stherelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Houseownerandrenter.B.Motherandson.C.Receptionistandcustomer.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Thejewelry.B.Arobbery.C.Afact.英语第1页(共8页)11.Whichofthefollowingismarked?A.Thecomputer.B.Thejewelry.C.Thefridge.12.Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman'shusband?A.Hehasfoundsometraces.B.HeisonthewaybackfromCanada.C.Hehasnoideawhathashappened.听第9段材料,回答第13至16题。13.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweethetwospeakers?A.Colleagues.B.Neighbors.C.Friends.14.Whendidthemanbegintowork?A.In2008.B.In2014.C.In2016.15.Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman?A.Sheisbusy.B.Shelivedherefor10years.C.Shemovedhereduetoherjob.16.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthewoman?A.Sheisbusy.B.Sheisdishonest.C.Sheappearsyounger.听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。17.Whichseasoniscalled“theholidayseason”?A.Spring.B.Winter.C.Summer.18.WhenisChristmasontheEasternChristiancalendar?A.January7.B.January1.C.December25.19.HowdopeoplecelebrateChristmas?A.Byeatingatfastfoodrestaurants.B.Byunitingwiththeirfamilies.C.Bysingingsongsathome.20.WheredopeopleplaceChristmastrees?A.OntheStreet.B.Inthechurch.C.Onpublicsquares第二部分阅读理解(共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AWithitsnever-endinglistofmust-seeattractions,Europecanproveirresistibletoeventhemostexperiencedtravelers.HerearesomeoftheprettiestsmalltownsacrossEurope.Giethoorn,NetherlandsTheycallittheDutchanswertoVenice,butGiethoornlacksonecrucialthingthattheItaliancityhasovertourism.AsinVenice,lifegoesaroundwater.Therearenocarsinthecentersothewaytogetaroundisonfootoronthewater.Hungry?StopattheMichelin-starredrestaurantHollandsenetie.Guimarães,PortugalGuimarãesiscrucialtoPortugal'shistory—itwasnamedthecountry'sfirstcapitalinthe12thcentury.ItsMiddle-Agescoreremainslargelyundamaged,fullofgrandoldpalaces,andabrokencastlestandsontopofacliff.LikeelsewhereinPortugal,localbakeriesmaketastypies.Clovelly,U.K.DonkeysusedtobetheonlywaytogetupanddownthesteepstreetsofClovelly,aprettyfishing英语第2页(共8页)villageinDevon,southwestEngland.Today,theystillhaven'tmanagedtobringcarsin.Itperchesona400-footcliff.Instead,goodsaretransportedbydonkey-poweredsledges(雪橇).Kenmare,IrelandOnthesouthwesterntipofIreland,thelandmeltsintotheoceaninCountyKerry.Kenmareisitheheartofthebayofthesamename.ThisisinthemiddleofsomeofIreland'sbest-lovedareas.Kenmareisknownforitsfood,andforitsviews—withgrandmountainsbehindtheclearbay.21.HowcanonetravelinGiethoorn?A.Bycar.B.Bywater.C.Byair.D.Bybus.22.WhyisGuimarãesimportanttoPortugal'shistory?A.Itwasthecountry'sfirstcapital.B.Ithasmanygrandoldpalaces.C.Itstandsontopofacliff.D.Itattractedmanyfamousbakers.23.Inwhichplacecanyouexperiencethelifeofafishingvillage?A.Giethoorn.B.Guimarães.C.Clovelly.D.Kenmare.BAged15inhighschool,Iwastalkativeandoutgoing,oftenbettingthatnobodyelsewoulddotheirhomework,soIneedn'teither.Ididnotenjoygeometry(几何),althoughIlikedthephilosophicalapproachofourteacher,MrsTrenholm.Shetold.usthatgeometrywasabouthumankind'sabilitytoworkthingsout.AmonthorsointotheyearwestartedonEuclideangeometry.WewereallstrugglingandIwasprobablythemostvocal(敢于直言的)inclassaboutit.MrsTrenholmsetushomework—toprovetwoanglesinacomplexgeometricshapeareequal.Shepulledmeasideaswewereleavingclassandsaid,"Don'ttalkyourwayoutofthis."Iwenthome,workedonitfor20minutesandgaveup.LaterIdecidedtotryagain.Myhandwritingwasmessy,andInoticedthatifImadethediagramneaterandbigger,IcouldseewhereIprobablywentwrong.Atabout5am,Igotitandfeltlikemybrainhadbeenrewired!Ihandeditinthenextday.MrsTrenholmwouldneverembarrassstudentsinfrontofeveryone.Soshecametomeandhandedmethepaperwithalittlecheckmarkinthecorner.Shelookedrightatmeandasked,"Didyoudothis?"WhenIsaidyes,shenoddedandwentbacktothefrontoftheclass,declaring,"OneofyounowunderstandsEuclideangeometry.Let'skeepgoingsoeverybodywillgetit."Fromthenon,IfoundthatifIconcentratedandworkedhard,Icouldunderstandandevenenjoyasubject.Iwentontostudymathsandphysicsatuniversity,tookamaster'sdegreeinappliedscienceandbecameanuclearresearchscientist.Ibecamesomeonewhonolongerallowedmyselfthefreedomtotalkmyselfoutofdealingwithproblems,orgiveupwhenthingsseemedtoodifficult.24.Howcanwedescribetheauthorfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Hewasnotskilledatsocializing.B.Healwayshadbetswithothers.C.Hewasabsorbedinphilosophy.D.Hehadtroublestudyinggeometry.25.WhydidMrsTrenholmpulltheauthorasideafterclass?A.Towarnhimnottotalktoomuch.B.Togivehimsometipsonhomework.C.Tomakehimtakehomeworkseriously.D.Toencouragehimtotrymoreapproaches.英语第3页(共8页)26.WhatwasMrsTrenholm'sinitialfeelingabouttheauthor'shomework?A.Excited.B.Relieved.C.Disapproving.D.Disbelieving.27.Whatdidtheauthorwanttoexpressthroughthelastparagraph?A.Hewouldgoformorefreedom.B.Themathspuzzlewasalifechanger.C.Thatlessontaughthimtothinktwice.D.Hisuniversitylifewasprettycolorful.CWhenIwasagraduatestudent,mycolleaguesandIwerewonderinghowlosingonenightofsleepaffectsaperson'sabilitytomanagetheiremotions.Onceaweek,typicallyonFridayevening,wewouldstayupallnighttomonitorourparticipantsandensuretheyfollowedtheexperimentalplan.Ataboutnoonthenextday,wewouldallgooutofthelab,wornoutandeagertogethomeandrest.Twomonthsintotheexperiment,Iwasinmycaratatrafficlightwhenasillylovesongstartedplayingontheradio.Suddenly,Icrieduncontrollably.Irememberfeelingsurprisedatmyreaction.ItthenhitmethatIwasnotjuststudyingsleepdeprivation(睡眠剥夺)--Ihadbecomepartofthestudy.Weeksofmissedsleephadcausedharm,andIwasnolongerincontrolofmyemotions.Thatresearchprojectprovedastrongconnectionbetweengoodsleepandemotionalhealth.Inhealthyindividuals,good-qualitysleepislinkedwithamorepositivemood--andittakesjustonenightofsleepdeprivationtocauseanxietyanddepressionthefollowingmorning.Moreover,peoplewhosufferfromlong-termsleepdeprivationtendtoexperiencedailyeventsmorenegatively.Fordecadesresearchersandmedicalprofessorshaveconsideredsleeplossaby-productorsymptomofdepressionoranxiety.Inotherwords,firstcomestheanxiety,andthensleeploss.Todayweknowthatthisordercanbereversed.Muchevidenceshowsthatpeoplewhosufferfrominsomnia(失眠症)areatleasttwiceaslikelytodevelopdepressionoranxietylaterinlife,comparedwithindividualswhosleepwell.Steppingback,wecanfindthatmentalandemotionalhealthrelyonadelicatebalance.Asinglesleeplessnightcanthereforedodamage.Thescienceofsleepandmentalhealthsuggeststhatfallingtoaddresstheproblemsthatpreventpeoplefromgettingenoughrestwillleavepeopleeasilyhurtinmind.28.Whatistheauthor'sresearchmainlyabout?A.Thelinkbetweensleepandemotions.B.Thedamageofsleepdeprivation.C.Waystoimprovementalhealth.D.Factorsthataffectemotions.29.Howwastheresearchconducted?A.Byreferringtopreviousresearch.B.Bymakingresearchersthesubjects.C.Bydoingexperimentsonparticipants.D.Byincludingmusicintheprocess.30.Whydidtheauthorburstintotears?A.Thelovesongwassotouching.B.Shewasseverelylackinginsleep.C.Shemissedherfamilytoomuch.D.Theresearchwastoostressful.31.Whichwordcanreplacetheunderlinedword"reversed"inparagraph5?A.Switched.B.Disclosed.C.Identified.D.Arrange英语第4页(共8页)DYoumightthinkacomputerwouldbeafairjudge,butanewstudyfromMITfindsitmightbebetterforyoutoleaveyourselfinthehandsofhumans.AIwon'tletpeopleoffeasilywhentheybreaktherule!ThisstudyexaminedhowAIwouldinterpretperceivedviolations(违反)ofagivencode.TheydiscoveredthemosteffectivedataforAItrainingisnormative(规范的)data,wherehumansdeterminewhetherarulehasbeenviolated.However,datausedtotrainmachine-learningmodelsaretypicallylabeleddescriptively—meaningpeoplelabelthefactualfeaturesofasituation,andAIdetermineswhetheracodehasbeenbroken.Theteamgatheredimagesofdogsthatcouldpotentiallyviolate.anapartmentrulebanningaggressiveanimals.Labelerswerethenaskedtoprovidenormativeanddescriptiveresponses.Thedescriptiveteamwasn'tinformedaboutthepolicyondogs,andwasaskedtoidentifywhetherelements,suchasthedog'saggression,werepresent.Theirresponseshelpedtoformjudgments.Ifausersaidthephotodescribedanaggressivedog,thepolicywasconsideredtobeviolated.Ontheotherhand,thenormativegroupinformedabouttheruleandwasaskedtodeterminewhethereachimageviolatedtherule.Participantswere20percentmorelikelytoidentifyaviolationusingthedescriptivemethod.IfthedescriptivedataondogbehaviorhadbeenusedtoprogramanAImodel,itwouldbemorelikelytoissueseverepunishment.Theseinaccuraciescouldbeareal-worldconcern.Theresearchersadvocateforincreaseddatatransparency(透明性)tounderstandhowdataiscollected.Andtheirfutureworkistoinvestigatetheimpactofhavingexperts,suchaslawyersanddoctors,participateindataentrytoseeifitwillleadtothesameresult."Generally,normativedecisionstendtobemorelenient(宽容的),"saysleadauthorAparnaBalagopalan."Perhapsthewaypeoplethinkaboutviolationsdiffersfromhowtheythinkaboutdescriptivedata.”32.Whatcanwelearnaboutdescriptivedata?A.Theyconsistofcausesofasituation.B.Theyleadtomoreaccuratejudgment.C.They'reusuallyusedtotrainAI.D.They'regatheredtoidentifyruleviolation.33.Whydoestheauthormentiontheexampleinparagraph4?A.Tohighlightaproblem.B.Tointroduceatopic.C.Topresentafact.D.Toopposeanopinion.34.Whatdotheresearchersplantodo?A.Usemorenormativedata.B.Conductstudieswithprofessionallabelers.C.Findnewwaystogatherdata.D.Seekadviceondataentryfromexperts.35.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.AI:ruledefenderorbreaker?B.Dataset:decisivepartofAIC.Betterdata:descriptiveornormative?D.AIjudge:stricterthanhumans第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Haveyoueverreceivedaninvitationthatyoucouldn'taccept?Doyoustrugglewithhowtode英语第5页(共8页)Clinewithouthurtingsomeone'sfeelingsorcausingconflict?Doesitbotheryoutoturnsomeonedown?Iftheanswerisyestoanyofthesequestions,you'renotalone.Infact,thishappenstomostpeopleatsometimeintheirlives.36.Herearesometipsonhowtoturndownaninvitationinthemostpoliteway.Don'twaitanddon'tignoretheinvitation.Assoonasyouknowyouwillbeunabletogo,letthepersonknow.Mosteventsrequireplanningandbudgeting.37.Sheneedstoknowwhetherornotyou'llbethere.Ignoringtheinvitationshowsthatyoudon'tknowproperetiquette(礼节),andyoumightbeleftofftheguestlistforhernextparty.38Alwayssincerelythankthepersonforinvitingyouandletherknowthatyou'rehonoredthatshedthinkhighlyenoughofyoutosendtheinvitation.Don'ttellliesanddon'tover-explain.Youdon'teverhavetocomeupwithfalseexcusesforwhyyou'reunabletogototheevent,butyoualsodon'thavetogointodetail.39Thatshouldbeenough.Andrememberthatwhenyougivereasons,keepyourexplanationshortandtothepoint.Doingotherwisewillmakeitsoundlikeyou'rejusttryingtomakeupexcuses.AskforadifferenttimeIftheinvitationisexclusive(独有的)toyou,letthepersonknowyou'reunabletomakeitatthetimesherequested,40.A.Expressappreciationfortheinvitation.B.Thekeyistoletthepersonknowwhetherornotyoucanaccepttheinvitationassoonaspossibleandinapolitemanner.C.andyoufeelreallysorryaboutthat.D.butyou'dlovetogettogetherwithheratanothertime.E.Puttingtheinvitationasidetodealwithlaterisn'tgoodforyouorthepersonwhosentit.F.Itisimpolitetorefuseaninvitationfromothers.G.Letherknowthatyoualreadyhaveplans.第三部分英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。PeoplealwaystellmeIwasbravetoapplytomedicalschoolinmy30s.Butforme,thebravestthingwasto41frombeingadoctor10yearslater.I'dalwayswantedtostudy42tohelpreleasetheworldfromsufferings,butbelievingIwasnotbrightenough,Ileftschoolat15anddidn'treturntoeducation43my30s.44thefactthatthecommute(通勤)wastoughandthemoneywas45,Ikeptgoingthistime.Idreamedofbecomingadoctorwhomadea(n)46.Ispentfiveyearsatmedicalschoollearning47tofixthings,butaftergraduation,whenIworkedinahospital,IsoondiscoveredthereweremanythingsinlifeIwasunableto48.Itwasn'ttheworkloadIstruggledwith,though.WhatIfoundreally49wastheemotionalload.Asadoctor,I英语第6页(共8页)knewIwould50upsettingthings.IknewIwouldwatchpeopledieandIknewIwouldseethemostawfulthings.However,beingalwayspresentatallthesemomentsbecamea51forme.IknewIneededasolution52it,andIfinally53writing.Writingallowedmeanescape,adoorintoanotherworld,anditalsohelpedto54myanxieties.Writing,somethingIhadstartedasaformoftreatment,nowgavemesuccess,anexitcard,andachanceofself-protection.55,IwaswonderingwhetherIwasadoctororawriter.Havingthoughtthickandthin,I56myjobandtookthewriting.ItwasnotadecisionImade57.IknewifIdidn'tput58first,Iwouldeventuallydisappear.Istillworkonthewards(病房)now,butasa(an)59.Therearetimeswhenyouneedtofocusonyourself.Ifyouhavewalkedsofardownaroughroad,youmayfindit60toheadbackbecausewalkingawayisoftenthesafestrouteofall.41. A.hide B.suffer C.leave D.lean42. A.education B.medicine C.history D.maths43. A.until B.before C.after D.since44. A.For B.With C.Given D. Despite45. A.sufficient B.tight C.worthless D.missing46. A.wish B.decision C.difference D.application47. A.what B.who C.which D.how48. A.handle B.recognize C.choose D.decide49. A.amazing B.impossible C.essential D.significant50. A.cause B.abandon C.witness D.fix51. A.gift B.practice C.burden D.luck52. A.by B.to C.with D.for53. A.turnedto B.gaveup C.runfor D.figuredout54. A.findout B.wipeout C.handout D.pickout55. A.Recently B.Originally C. Apparently D.Gradually56. A.quitted B.regained C.continued D.led57. A.seriously B.sadly C.aimlessly D.lightly58. A.myself B.himself C.itself D.herself59. A.expert B.leader C.volunteer D.doctor60. A.easy B.fortunate C.hard D.wise第II卷(非选择题共50分)第二节语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Technologyisn'ttheonlyway61(forecast)theweather.Naturehas62(it)ways,too.Unusualanimalbehavior,forexample,canindicatewhetherit'scold,wetweatherthat'sontheway63ahot,dryperiod.Iffisharejumping64(high)thanusualorfrogsarecroakingmoreloudly,itmayrain.Andnexttimeyoulookup65thesky,don'tjustlookfor