天津大学博士生考试英语

天津大学博士英语考试试卷科目：博士生英语学院： 专业：题号 -二三四五六七八总分分数I.ListeningComprehension:(25%)SectionADirections:Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD),anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.A)Sheisalittletired.Sheisgoingtostudy.Shewantstolistentomusic.Sheisgoingtomakeareservation.A)Atanartexhibit.Inasupermarket.Inashoestore.Inaclothingstore.A)Theyhadnotime.Theycouldn’tafforditafterbuyingtheirmotor-bike.Theoldonewasstillworking.Theybothwanttobuyamotor-bike.A)Shedoesn’tunderstandtheman’squestion.She’llhavethetestreadyinafewdays.Shehasafewquestionsabouttheman’sschedule.L Themanmaynottakethetestearly.A)Inahotel.Inafurniturestore.Inacampground.Inaprivatehome.A)Aprincelivesabetterlifethanaprincess.Hewisheshecouldbeaprince.Heisnotsureifhewantstobeaprince.Hehatestheideaofbeingaprince.A)Shecan’tunderstandwhythemanisthirsty.Themanoughttogotothelaundromat.Thelaundromatistoofaraway.Shewillnotwashtheman’sclothesforhim.A)Workontheassignmentalittlebitatatime.Finishtheassignmentontime.Taketheassignmenttosomeoneelsethistime.Stopworkingontheassignment.Questions9to12arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.A)Heprefersthesmallereveningclasses.Hehassignedupforadaycourse.Hehastoworkduringtheday.Hefindstheeveningcoursecheaper.A)Learnacomputerlanguage.Learndataprocessing.Buysomecomputersoftware.Buyafewcoursebooks.A)Thursdayevening,from7:00to9:45.FromSeptember1toNewYear’seve.EveryMonday,lastingfor12weeks.Threehoursaweek,45hoursintotal.A)Whattobringforregistration.Wheretoattendtheclass.HowhecangettoFrostHall.Whetherhecanuseacheck.Questions13to15arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.A)Atrainingcoach.Atradingadviser.Aprofessionalmanager.Afinancialtrader.A)Hecansaveonlivingexpenses.Heconsiderscookingcreative.Hecanenjoyhealthierfood.Hethinkstake-awayistasteless.A)Itissomethinginevitable.Itisfrustratingsometimes.Ittakespatiencetomanage.Itcanbeagoodthing.SectionBDirections:Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD),anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.Questions16to18arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.A)Stoppedmigrating.Continuedmigrating.Beganmigratingagain.Migratedsouthandstaythere.A)Therewasnotenoughfoodthereinthewinter.Thereweretoomanybirds.Thereweretoomanyglaciers.Therewastoomuchdaylight.A)Totesttherelationshipbetweendaylightandadiseaseoftheglandscommontobirds.Totesttherelationshipbetweendaylightandmigration.Totesttherelationshipbetweenmigrationandtemperature.Totesttherelationshipbetweendaylightandchangesintheseason.Questions19to21arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.A)Ascientist.Agraduate.Acolleague.AnundergraduateA)Topresenttheirresults.Toshowofftheirresults.Tomakethemselvesbrave.Tobecomeactivepeople.A)Togetinformation.Toknowtherelatedareas.Toknowthelatestnews.Tomakefriends.Questions22to25arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.A)It’sanurgentannouncement.It’sanimportantannouncement.Themanagerswishtodiverttheirworkersfromtheirwork.It’saboutanimportantpromotion.A)7a.m.B)11p.m. C)8p.m.D)3a.m.A)Toshowtheimportanceoftheirdecision.ToplayajokeontheAmericanmanager.Tostartcooperationassoonaspossible.Toshowthattheywereveryefficient.A)Hewasirritated.Hewaswellpleased.Hewasverymuchtroubled.Hepreparedhimselfforafight.Vocabulary:(35%):A.Directions:Thereare20incompletesentencesinthispart.ForeachsentencetherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,C,andD.Choosetheoneinterviewthatbestcompletesthesentence.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.The ofconsultationistolistento,andtakeaccountof,theviewsofthoseconsulted.A.essence B.thesis C.synthesis D.instinctAtthefarendofthelakesomebuffaloeswerebathing, sodeeplythatonlytheirheadswerevisible.A.overwhelmedB.immersedC.degenerated D.engulfedWiththeirfarsuperiortechnology,theWesternforcescompletely Saddam’sarmy.A.suppressedB.overwhelmedC.bled D.segregatedThetwoingredientsshouldbeplacedtogetherinabottleandshakenvigorouslyuntiltheyare .A.filtered B.discriminatedC.blended D.engagedThelittlegirlstartedtocryinorderto sympathyandpityinherparents.A.confine B.evoke C.await D.induceThey tosafetyasamassivewallofwatersmashedtheircaravansandsweptawaydozensofcars.A.paralyzedB.spun C.roamed D.dashedIn20yearsonlyonecompanywithaninvestment-graderatingfromMoody’haslong-termdebt-onethatwentbankruptvoluntarilytoprotectitselffromlawsuits.A.defaultedon B.reliedonC.accountedfor D.criedforHesaidhedidnot thedifficultiesthepartyfacedinregainingameasureofpopulartrust.A.demonstrate B.underestimateC.speculate D.outweighThekingwasforcedtoleavethecountryoverwhichhehad formorethan30years.A.prevail B.reigned C.stumbled D.lingeredHishealthhadbeenaffected,andmight altogetherifthestraincontinued.A.breakdownB.cooloff C.litup D.sproutupWeshallbegratefulifyouwill spaceforanyoftheenclosedadvertisementsinyourpublications.A.donate B.forge C.impart D.specifyFromhisofficeonthe22ndfloorofthefamousfour-toweredBMWHQ,he formidablepowerandcommandsenormousrespect.A.swings B.wields C.yields D.contemplatedThelittlewomanlookeda sight,standingbeforehimwithred,swolleneyesandtear-streakedcheeks.A.desirable B.rotten C.shabby D.patheticSincemyfather’sdeaththerehadbeen,asitwere,a inmyhomewhichnobodycouldfill.A.liability B.vacancyC.agony D.bureaucracyThereportpraisestheeffortsbeingmadeinourcitytoextractenergyfromwasteandto paper,glass,plasticsandsteelcans.

A.differentiateB.resistC.recycleD.mobilizeA.differentiateB.resistC.recycleD.mobilizeSomearticlesareclearlywrittenasaby-productofteaching,perhaps fromlecturesorintendedtoformpartofabook.A.adapted B.reformedC.revived D.sprayedAtonepointlastfall,whenSwedishratesroseto17%,suchdeals anetannualizedreturnof8%,withlittleexchange-raterisk.A.fulfilled B.yielded C.exemplified D.documentedTalesofsquadronsbombingtheirownunitsareherein .A.exposureB.abundanceC.incidenceD.arrangementThechurchisfullof worksofcraftsmanshipwhichhavebeendonatedbyindividuals.A.exquisiteB.commercialC.metallic D.remoteItisaquestionMichaelJosephislikelyto longandhardovertheweekstocome.A.pose B.superviseC.harbor D.ponderB.Directions:Studythemeaningofthephrasalverbslistedbelowandthencompleteeachofthefollowingsentenceswithanappropriatephrasalverbinitsproperform.LieovergetdowntocarryonbreakinhangtogethercutoffPickoutturnupworkoutcarrydownsitincallforthlieupStandbygetoverWealreadyhaveourhandsfull.Letthematter tillnextweek.Theemergency reservesofenergywhichshedidnotknowshepossessed.Itwasn’tlongbeforewe aplanacceptabletoall.Thoughverytired,thestudents thediscussionlateintothenight. facts,Ican’tseeanythingtosupportwhathesays.Itisusuallyeasierto themeaningofasentenceinagivencontext.I’mnotsureifIwanttotakethiscourse;mayI forthefirstweektoseeifIlikeit?Don’tbeafraid.Nomatterwhathappens,I’ll you.Thieves lastnightwhilethefamilywasawayonvacation.Thereisnopointinwaitingforsomethingto ;youhavetotakeaction.Wecancomethroughanycrisisifwe .I’mcertainofthat.Thevillagewas byfloodsfornearlyaweek.MissGreenreturnedtoworkaftershe herillness.Thecustomissaidtohavebeen fromthe18thcentury.Johnmust forafewdaysuntilhislegmends.III.ReadingComprehension(20%)Questions61to65arebasedonthefollowingpassage:Thecurrentvogue,intheWest,ofYogaandZen(禅宗)mayprovetohavebeennomorethanatransitoryWesternfashion.ItmaybedoubtedwhethertheaveragemodernWesternergenuinelyunderstandsandpracticeseitherZenorYoga.However,itisalsopossiblethatthesearesincereattemptstore-activate,amongWesterners,thenormalhumanfacultyofspiritualcontemplation.IntheMiddleAges,Westerners,likeotherpeople,didpracticecontemplation.Thisisanecessaryconditionforspiritualhealth,andmodernWesternersaresufferingspirituallyforhavingabandonedthepracticeofcontemplationdeliberately.Moreover,theEasthasotherlessonsfortheWestwhichtheWestcertainlyoughttolearnandtotaketoheart.Forinstance,theWestcouldperhapslearnfromtheEasthowtore-captureMan'soriginalharmonywiththerestofNature.ManisanintegralpartofNature.WhenhealienateshimselffromherandtriestodominateherasifhewereoutsideNatureandwerenotrootedinNature,Manrunsintotrouble.ThedegreeofmodernWesternMan'salienationfromNaturecanbemeasuredbythepotencyofmoderntechnology,fortechnologyisaninstrumentfordominatingNature.Thetechnologicallyadvancedcountriesarealreadypayingthepriceoftheirsuper-technology.Twoitemsinthispricearepollutionandinflation.ShintostandsforaharmoniouscooperationbetweenManandtherestofNature.ItrecognizesthatNatureisholy;thatshehassacredrights;thatManhasareligiousobligationtorespecttheserights;andthat,ifheviolatesthem,hewillbringretributiononhimself.TheJapanesepeoplehavealreadybeguntobringretributiononthemselvesbypollutingNature.Taoism（道教）setsitsfaceagainstimposingMan'swillonNaturebymeansoftechnology.ThisChinesephilosophytookshapeatsomedalebetweenthesixthandthefourthcenturyB.C.,whentechnologywasstillrudimentary,ifjudgedbypresent-daystandards.YetalreadytheTaoistphilosophersweretakingalarm;theywerecallingforareturntoasimplerwayoflife.Itisnowevidentthattheywerefar-sighted.TheTaoistphilosophyiswhattheworldnowneeds.ItisneededtodaybyWestandEastalike,nowthatthepotentmoderntechnology,whichwasinventedintheWesttwohundredyearsago,isbeingadoptedallroundtheglobe.YogaorZen .isonlyatransitoryWesternfashionisnotgenuinelyunderstoodbytheaveragemodernwesternersisinfashionnowintheWestisapopularsport.Thispassageimpliesthat .itiswrongtoabandonspiritualcontemplationtheWesternerspracticecontemplationintheMiddleEasttheWesternersabandonthepracticeofcontemplationdeliberatelytheEasthasotherlessonsfortheWestWhatisthemaintopicofthispassage?WhyareYogaandZanpopularintheWest?WhatdoestheWesthavetolearnfromtheEast?HowtorecaptureMan’soriginalharmonywiththerestofNature?Howtopracticespiritualcontemplation?Theauthorofthispassage .disagreeswithTaoist’sphilosophyprefersShintotoTaoismseemstobeagainstmoderntechnologypreferssuper-technologytospiritualcontemplationAccordingtothepassage .itisveryexpensivetobuysuper-technologyitcostsalottodealwiththeproblemsofpollutionandinflationthetechnologicallyadvancedcountriesarericherthanothercountriesD.bothpollutionandinflationarecausedbymoderntechnologyQuestions66-70arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Thereisonekindofpainforwhichnobodyhasyetfoundacure--thepainthatcomesfromtheendingofarelationship.Therelationshipcouldbeamarriageoradeepfriendship.Sucharelationshipmaycometoasuddenend;oritmaysimplyfadeawayslowlyaspeopleandcircumstanceschange.Youmaybetheoneto"breakitoff",withashortnoteorabriefphonecall.Oryoumaybeonthereceivingend.Howeveritendedandwhoeverdecidedtoendit,thepainisequallyhardtohearanditrequiresthesametimeforgrief.Althoughthereisnocureforgrief,wecannothelplookingforone,toeasethepainandtomakeusforgetourtears.Wekeepourselvesbusywithwork,orwetrytoplungeourselvesinourhobbies.Perhapswestarttodrinkmorethanweshouldtodrownoursorrows,orwefollowtheconventionaladviceandjoinacluborsociety.Butthesethingscannotcureit.Moreover,wearealwaysinahurrytogetridofourgrief.Wefeelthatweshouldtrytoconvinceourselves,aswebiteonthepillow,thatwearemuchtoooldtobecrying.Somepeopleburytheirgriefdeepinsidethemselves.Othersseekreliefbypouringtheirheartsouttotheirfriends,ortoanyoneelsewhocanofferasympatheticshouldertocryon.Itisnoteasytoexplainwhyweadoptthisattitudetoemotionalpain,whenwewouldneverexpectanyonetoovercomephysicalpainsimplybyaneffortofwillpower.Partoftheanswermustlieinthenatureofgriefitself.Theimportantthingtoadmitaboutgrief,then,isthatitwilltakeitstime.Bytryingtoconvinceourselvesthatitoughttobeoversooner,wecreateanadditionaltensionwhichcanonlymakethingsworse.Howmuchtimeisneededwillvaryfrompersontoperson,butpsychiatristshavearuleofthumb:griefwilllastaslongastheoriginalrelationshiplasted.Thesadthingisthat,whenthebreakdownoccurs,wecanonlystumbleforwardoverthestonesbeneathourfeet.Itisdarkahead,andwewillfallpainfullymanytimesbeforewebegintoseethelightattheendofthetunnel.Itistheauthor’sbeliefthat .thereisnowaytokillthepainfromtheendingofarelationshipthosewhobreakuptherelationshipdonotsufferfromthepainfromtheendingofarelationshippeoplesufferfromthepainonlywhentherelationshipcomestoasuddenendBothAandB.Whichisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedtermdrownoursorrow?Togetridofgriefbydrinkingtoomuchalcohol.TofeelsorryfordrinkingtoomuchToendourlifebydrinkinganexcessiveamountofalcoholTobeoverwhelmedbygriefPsychiatristsbelievethat .grieflastslongerifyourfriendsbreakofftherelationshipgrieflastsinproportiontothedurationofyourfriendshipgrieflastslongerifyouvalueyourfriendshipalotgriefendsassoonasyousetupanewfriendshipwithsomeoneelseThepassagetellsusthat .wecannotrelieveouremotionalpainnomatterhowhardwetryittakestimeandeffortstorelieveouremotionalpainwedonothavetosufferfromanyemotionalpainifwetryourbesttoreduceitthereislittlepointinmakingoureffortstorelieveouremotionalpainWhatisthebesttitleforthispassage?EmotionalpainHowtorelieveyouremotionalpain?EmotionalpainandphysicalpainD.Whosuffersmost?PartIVCloze（10%）Directions:Thereare20blanksinthefollowingpassage.Foreachblanktherearefourchoicesmarked[A],[B],[C]and[D]ontherightsideofthepaper.YoushouldchoosetheONEthatbestfitsintothepassage.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecenter.Animportantfactorofleadershipisattraction.Thisdoesnotmeanattractivenessintheordinarysense,forthatisaquality71ourcontrol.Theleaderhas,nevertheless,tobeamagnet;a72figuretowardswhompeopleare73 .Magnetisminthatsensedepends,firstofall,onbeing74 .ThereisatypeofAuthoritywhichcanbe75frombehindcloseddoors,butthatisnotaleadership.76thereismovementandaction,thetrueleaderisintheforefrontandmayseem,indeed,tobeeverywhereatonce.Hehastobecomealegend;the77foranecdotes,whethertrueorfalse;acharacter.Oneofthesimplestdevicesistobe78ontheoccasionwhentheleadermightbe79tobethere,enoughinitselftostartarumoraboutthevital80whichhasdetainedhim.Tomakeupforthis,hecan81whenleastexpected,givingrisetoanotherstoryabouttheinteresthecandisplay82thingswhichotherfolksmight83astrivial.Withthisgiftfor84curiositytheleaderalwayscombinesareluctanceto85abouthimself.Hisinterestisplainlyinotherpeople;hequestionsthemandencouragesthemtotalkandthen86allthatisrelevant.Heneverleavesaparty87hehasmentallyfiledaminimumdossier（档案）on 88present,ensuringthatheknows89tosaywhenhemeetsthemagain.Heisnotartificiallyextrovert（性格外向的）buthewouldusuallyratherlistenthantalk.Others90graduallythathisimportanceneedsproof.71.A.beyondB.ofC.underD.by72.A.vitalB.centralC.strangeD.conspicuous73.A.unitedB.draggedC.drawnD.hauled74.A.observedB.heardC.watchedD.seen

75.A.exercisedB.respectedC.recognizedD.imposed76.A.WhetherB.WhereC.AsD.Since77.A.objectB.topicC.subjectD.excuse78.A.presentB.absoluteC.abstractD.absent79.A.appointedB.instructedC.arrangedD.expected80.A.matterB.thingC.businessD.affair81.A.leaveB.appearC.showD.hide82.A.inB.atC.onD.about83.A.thinkB