初中宾语从句

ObjectClauses宾语从句第一页，共三十四页。一．教学任务宾语从句

二．教学重点

1.宾语从句的概念2.宾语从句的引导词

3.宾语从句中的语序

4.宾语从句的时态变化教学难点1.when与if引导的宾语从句和状语从句2.宾语从句与简单句的互换

第二页，共三十四页。

We

know

him．

We

know

helikesEnglish.主s主s谓v谓v宾o宾o宾语从句就是由一个句子来构成主句的宾语

主s谓v宾o简单句复合句一

什么是宾语从句？试比较第三页，共三十四页。E.g.:1)Ihear(that)

hewillbebackinanhour.

2)Hesaid(that)hewantedtostayathome.1.that二.宾语从句的引导词(2012呼和浩特）——Whatdidyouteachersaythismorning?—Shetoldus___________________whywasTomlateforschoolagainwhetherwehadtoomuchhomeworkhowhedidcometoschoolthismorningthatwewouldhaveatestsoon第四页，共三十四页。2.由特殊疑问词who,whom,whose,which,what,where,how,why,when引导的宾语从句,这些词既有词义又在宾语从句中充当成分。e.g.1)Doyouknowwhosebookitis?2)Couldyoutellmewhy

thetrainislate?3)Heaskedwhocouldanswerthequestion.

第五页，共三十四页。(2011陕西）IwastoldtomeetMr.Greenattheairport.ButIdon’tknow__________hewillarrive.A.whereB.whyC.howD.when(2011成都）——Canyoutellme______________?He’sabankclerk.WhoyourfatherisWhatyourfatherdoesWhereyourfatherworks第六页，共三十四页。(2012浙江温州）——Canyoutellme__________totraveltoDalian?----------Abouttwohoursbyplane.HowmuchitcostB.whatIshouldtakeC.HowlongittakesD.whichisthebestseason(2012乌鲁木齐）Ireallydon’tknow______________?WhatshouldIdoB.whyheissonervousC.HowdidherunawayD.wherehashegone第七页，共三十四页。3.由从属连词whether,if引导的宾语从句if/whether引导宾语从句表示“是否”之义，说明对陈述的事物不明确或不清楚，在句中不充当句子成份.常用在ask,wonder,can/couldyoutellme后(2012山东澭坊）We’vegivenhersomeadvice,butIdon’tknow_______she’llacceptit.A.WhatB.whereC.whetherD.which第八页，共三十四页。特殊情况：只能用whether不能用if的情况1.在介词后面：I’mthinkingof

whetherweshouldgofishing.Wedidn’tthinkabout

whetheritwouldrainthenextday.2.在动词不定式前：Theyaskedmewhethertositatthefront.第九页，共三十四页。3.当与ornot连用，或提出两种选择时:Idon’tknowwhetherhe’sfreeornot.MaryaskedwhetherIwasdoingmyhomeworkornot.Tellmewhetheryou’dliketogoshoppingor

tidytheroom.4.宾语从句提前时：Whetherthisistrueornot,Ican’tsay.第十页，共三十四页。5.在动词discuss后的宾语从句中:E.g.:Wediscussedwhetherwewouldhaveasportsmeetingnextweek.6.引导表语从句或位于句首的主语从句用whetherE.g.:Whetherheisrightorwrongisaquestion.Thequestionwaswhetherhewenttherelastnight.第十一页，共三十四页。HelensaysthatshewilllearnFrenchnextyear.

Doyouknowwherehecomesfrom?

HeaskedmeifIcouldgettothebusstationontime.三.宾语从句的语序无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，宾语从句都是运用陈述句的语序，即是“主语在前，谓语在后”的顺序。第十二页，共三十四页。(2012山西）——AsforMr.Brown,doyouknow_______________?——Sure,Canada.ButhehasbeenteachingFrenchfortwoyearsinShanghai.whereheisworkingwherehecomesfromwhereishismotherland第十三页，共三十四页。(2011南京）Mostchildrenareinterestedinamazingthings,andtheywonder________.A.whencantheyseeUFOsB.howcanelephantswalkontiptoeC.whydofishsleepwiththeireyesopenD.whythereisnoplantlifewithoutlightening第十四页，共三十四页。(2012北京）------Canyoutellme______theprize,Tom?--------Lastyear.WhenyougotB.whendidyougetC.WhenwillyougetD.whenyouwillget第十五页，共三十四页。(2012天津）-------Canyoutellme______?------WithLucy’shelp.A.whenyoudiditsowellB.whendidyoudoitsowellC.howyoudiditsowellD.howdidyoudoitsowell第十六页，共三十四页。(2012重庆）-------Couldyoutellme______?-------BysearchingtheInternet.HowyougottheinformationWhyyougottheinformationHowdidyougettheinformationWhydidyougettheinformation第十七页，共三十四页。(2012南京）------Peter,isthereanythingelseyouwanttoknowaboutChina?------Yes.Iamstillwondering_______.HowisChinesepapercutmadeHowwastheGreatWallbuiltinancienttimesWhytheChinesepeopleliketoplaythedragondanceWhydotheChinesepeopleeatricedumplingsatDragonBoatFestive第十八页，共三十四页。宾语从句中时态的变化主句的时态是一般现在时，从句该用什么时态就用什么时态。Eg:Idon’tthinkyouareright.Pleasetellmewhattheyboughtinthemallyesterday.第十九页，共三十四页。(2012兰州）------Doyouknow______Dunhuangwithhisfamily?------Nextweek.whendoesMr.BrownvisitwhenwillMr.BrownvisitwhenMr.BrownvisitswhenMr.Brownwillvisit第二十页，共三十四页。(2012山东临沂)Iwonder_______onApril23,WorldBookDay.Didyoufindsomeinterestingbookstoread?A.WhatdidyoudoB.whatyoudidC.WhatdoyoudoD.whatyoudo第二十一页，共三十四页。(2011重庆）Thewomanaskedthepolicemanwhere_______.ThepostofficeisB.thepostofficewasC.IsthepostofficeD.wasthepostoffice2.主句是一般过去式，从句只能用相应的过去时态。第二十二页，共三十四页。(2011宁夏）Bobaskedme________.whatwasshedoingwhatisshedoingwhatshewasdoingwhatsheisdoing主从句动作同时发生，从句用过去进行时第二十三页，共三十四页。------Whatdidyouteachersaythismorning?------Shetoldus________.whywasTomlateforschoolagainthatwewillhaveatestsoonthatwewouldhaveatestsoonhowmuchthedresscosts主句是一般过去时，主句的动作发生在从句之前，从句是过去将来时。第二十四页，共三十四页。Hesaidthetrain________bythetimetheyarrivedatstation.A.leftB.hadleftC.haveleftD.isleaving主句是一般过去式，从句的动作发生在主句之前，从句是过去完成时。第二十五页，共三十四页。PPT内容概述ObjectClauses。宾语从句就是由一个句子来构成主句的宾语。特殊情况：只能用whether不能用if的情况。6.引导表语从句或位于句首的主语从句用whether。主句的时态是一般现在时，从句该用什么时态就用什么时态。主句是一般过去式，从句的动作发生在主句之前，。3.动词seem后的宾语从句可用不定式来简化，但句型要有适当的变化。特殊疑问词（特殊疑问句)。主句为一般现在时从句可为任何时态。宾语从句的语序都为陈述句语序。Thankyou第二十六页，共三十四页。3.如果从句所陈述的是客观真理，其时态用一般现在时。OurteachersaidthatJanuaryisthefirstmonthoftheyear.Scientistshaveprovedthattheearthturnsaroundthesun.Theteachertoldusthatnothingisdifficultifweputourheartsintoit.第二十七页，共三十四页。五.宾语从句与简单句的转换1.当主从句的主语一致时,且主句的谓语是hope,wish,decide,agree,choose等时,从句可简化为不定式。1)Idon’tknowwhatIshalldonext.Idon’tknowwhattodonext.2)Johndidn’tdecidewhichshirthewouldbuy.Johndidn’tdecidewhichshirttobuy.第二十八页，共三十四页。2.当主从句的主语一致时，且主语的谓语是know,remember,forget,learn等时，从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”。

1)CanyoutellmehowIcangettothepolicestation?Canyoutellmehowtogettothepolicestation?2)PleaseshowmehowIshouldstarttherecorder.Pleaseshowmehowtostarttherecorder.第二十九页，共三十四页。3.动词seem后的宾语从句可用不定式来简化，但句型要有适当的变化。Itseemsthatfootballisveryinteresting.Footballseemstobeveryinteresting.4.宾语从句可简化成名词或名词短语。Idon’tbelievewhatTomsaid.Idon’tbelieveTom’swords.第三十页，共三十四页。练一练

1.Idon’tknowwhatIshalldonext.(变为简单句）

→Idon’tknow

next.

2.Johndidn’tdecidewhichbookhewouldbuy.(变为简单句）→Johndidn’tdecide

.

3.Canyoutellmehowtogettothebusstop?(变为复合句）→Canyoutellme

thebusstop?

4.PleasetellLucyhowtousetheMP5.(变为复合句）→CanyoutellLucy

theMP5.

第三十一页，共三十四页。Couldyoutellme

?A.wherethetwinswere

B.wherethetwinsare

CwherearethetwinsA:Doyouknow

?

B:Yes,hecameherebytrain.

A.whenhecamehere

B.ifhewillcomehere

C.whyhecamehere

D.